HOMEWARD BOUND.
Malta — The Union Club — A delightful change — The harbour
by moonlight — A thrilling scene — The _Elettrico_ — Etna —
Messina — Between Scylla and Charybdis — Sunrise off Naples —
Home again.
_Friday, November 4th._—When day broke I found that there was
another lovely morning—a genuine Mediterranean day, in fact. By six
o’clock I was on deck, drinking in the pure air of the sea, doubly
welcome after the stifling heat and stench below deck. Not a sail was
in sight. Breakfast, which was served at nine o’clock, was rather
trying. It consisted of a sort of stew of meat, raw herrings, fried
eggs, and fruit. But the long low outline of Gozo was now in sight,
and my spirits were rising. Passing vessels, too, became numerous,
for we were in the track of the homeward-bound steamers from Malta;
and then, the weather was simply perfect. The sea was quite calm,
the sky without a cloud, the sun hot, the air balmy, the colour of
the water blue as a sapphire. Even although one was thinking much
about England, from which I had received no letters for several weeks,
and longing to get home again, it was impossible not to contrast this
delicious weather with that which was prevailing at the same moment
within the limits of the United Kingdom. Nor, as the white cliffs of
Malta came full in view, could one refrain from thinking of the last
visit I paid to this “sunny isle,” less than twelve months ago,
when I had as my companions two good fellows, neither of whom moves
by sea or land any more, and one of whom now lies yonder in the naval
cemetery above the harbour of Valetta. A year ago, how joyous we all
were as we drew near the island, after ten days at sea! And how quick,
in my own case, was the change from joy to the anguish of suspense,
when as my first greeting from home I received the telegram which
told me of a battle between life and death which was being fought
out under my own roof in far-away England! It was almost with a
superstitious dread of the news that might be awaiting me now, that
I found our ship running past St. Paul’s Bay, and making straight
for the narrow entrance to that harbour of Valetta which is surely
the grandest of all the harbours in the world.
But all gloomy thoughts and forebodings were swept clean out of
my mind as I looked up and saw waving above St. Elmo our glorious
English flag. What a thrill of pride shoots through the heart of
even the most pacific of Englishmen when after long travel by sea
and land he comes upon this noble island, and sees it standing
“compassed by the inviolate sea,” stern, self-possessed, ready
if needs be, to face a whole world in arms against it! Past St. Elmo
and St. Angelo, whose mighty guns frowned down upon our decks, we
came swiftly into the great harbour, where a hundred noble ships
of all nations were lying at anchor on one side, and the mighty
ironclads of the English Navy on the other. The church bells were
sending their shrill clang out upon the breeze—for when are the
bells of Valetta ever silent? Innumerable small boats, gaily painted
and emblazoned, according to the Maltese fashion, with strange and
unlifelike representations of cats and lions, of dogs and camels,
were swiftly darting across the harbour; and the houses that rose
tier above tier from the water’s edge until they reached the
giddy height of the Barecca, were brilliant with glass and colour,
and made home-like by the huge signs in which English names and words
appeared. How wonderful the contrast between this scene and that upon
which I was gazing at the same hour yesterday! I seemed to have leaped
at a single bound from the heart of the East into England; from the
remote middle ages into the closing quarter of the nineteenth century.
The small craft swarmed round our steamer, and a score of Maltese
boatmen appealed to me to give them my custom when I left the
ship. But, first of all, certain formalities had to be gone
through. The health officers, the naval officer on duty for the day,
and the port authorities, boarded the vessel, and I found that each
passenger was required in turn to explain his identity and business;
for this was an Italian vessel arriving from an African port. I was
awaiting my turn in this tedious examination when one of the officers
passed near me. I asked him a question in English. “What!” he
said, “are you an Englishman? Then you can go on shore at once,
sir.” It was a strange contrast, this, to the treatment I had
met with in Tunis, where, between the French on the one hand and
the Arabs on the other, the Englishman is often treated very much
as though he were a Pariah; and where the mere fact of your being
a Christian is a source of danger and discomfort. I saw my Arab
and Italian fellow-passengers looking at me with envious eyes as I
descended the ladder. “Turn about is fair play, my fine fellows!”
thought I to myself; and I started for the shore in the humour of
a schoolboy just let loose for the holidays.
Nor did that feeling of buoyant animal spirits desert me during
the whole of that day. Remember that I had been living in constant
danger of attack, and amid much discomfort, for several weeks, and
here I was suddenly transported into that which is to all intents
and purposes an English town. Nay; it is in some respects more
English than England itself; for here the mere fact of your being an
Englishman suffices to secure for you the respect and deference of
the native population. Every true-born Briton who lands in Malta is
allowed, and even expected, to strut about as though he were lord
of the manor. Is it in human nature for him not to feel something
of a Jingo under such circumstances? I hastened off to the Post
Office, and gave in my card. “You’ve been expected a long time,
sir,” said the clerk, smiling; and he drew forth an enormous
bundle of newspapers which had been slowly accumulating for weeks,
and a smaller pile of letters, which, to my intense thankfulness,
I found brought me nothing but good news. So now I was free to enjoy
myself. First, there was the inevitable bath and change of linen at
the Imperial Hotel. How wonderful it was to be treated with respect
by landlord and waiters, instead of meeting with the slightly veiled
insolence which had characterized the demeanour of the worthies of
my hotel at Tunis. Then I walked to the Union Club, and found that
my good friend Captain P——— had duly entered my name as an
honorary member. I declare that it made me feel positively nervous
to hear nothing but the sibilant whisper of the English language
all around me. I had only been out of range of my native tongue
for a few weeks; but I had been so completely cut off from English
associations that it seemed as though months had elapsed since I
last met with a company of my fellow-countrymen. Presently Captain
P——— came in, finding me deep in a file of the _Times_. What
followed I shall only hint at. During the hot, thirsty days in Tunis,
when steaming coffee and detestable vermouth were the only drinks
procurable, I had more than once given utterance to my longing for
a bottle of English soda-water—slightly diluted. My craving was
satisfied now. Then I went off to Truefitt’s—for Truefitt has an
admirable branch establishment in the Strada Reale at Malta—and had
my hair cut as deftly as though I had been in Bond Street. Finally,
at dinner I found myself positively sitting next a lady, and an
English one, who moreover hailed from Yorkshire, and talked to me
accidentally about the qualities of the _Leeds Mercury_. It was all
like a dream, out of which I expected every moment to awake and find
myself—perhaps in Susa.
It was a lovely moonlight night, and I went up to the Barecca to enjoy
the view from that point. Far below me lay the glorious harbour of
Valetta. There were all the forts, commanding the narrow entrance,
and ready at any moment to encounter an enemy; within their embrace
lay the shining harbours; the two naval harbours showing their
rows of immense ironclads and other swift-steaming men-of-war,
including the _Inflexible_ and the _Hecla_. Directly below me, in
the commercial harbour, were thirty large merchant steamers. It was
a noble sight. The white lines of the fortifications, the outlines of
the great Naval Hospital, the Government buildings and the barracks,
glimmered pale in the moonlight; whilst the twinkling lamps of the
little boats crossing the harbour burned red beneath me. The whole
scene was bathed in that atmosphere of perfect peace which somehow
or other men naturally associate with the rays of the moon; though
some of us have seen this same moon looking down, serene and cold,
upon sights so dreadful that merely to behold them is to add years
to a man’s life. Far away, from the deck of one of the ships
in the naval harbour, there rang the shrill blast of a British
bugle; and now quite near to me I heard a military band playing
our National Anthem; for not far from the Barecca—where once
the old Knights of Malta walked and looked down upon the splendid
scene below them—is the noble palace now used as the mess-room of
the Royal Engineers. Everything around me spoke of England, and of
England’s might; not of that might which we see developed at home
in our workshops and our factories, and our great provincial cities;
but of that might by means of which she won this marvellous islet,
set in the midst of this blue Mediterranean, and by which alone
she now holds it against a jealous Continent. Most Englishmen at
home are so far from warlike sights that they are apt to forget
that their country has after all shown herself great in war as
well as in commerce. But no man can forget that fact as he stands
here upon the Barecca of Valetta, and looks down upon the great
forts and the ironclads which sleep securely beneath their walls. I
have said that everything reminded me of home; but I ought to have
made one exception. There was nothing of England in that wonderful
depth of moonlit sky; nothing of our own atmosphere in the exquisite
balminess of this November night. When I reached my hotel I removed
the cartridges from my revolver, and lay down to sleep in security
under the shelter of the English flag.
_Malta, Saturday, Nov. 5th._—I awoke this morning from the midst of
a nightmare dream, in which I found myself resisting an attack from a
large party of Arabs, led on—save the mark!—by Afrigan, who had
been suddenly converted into a fiend in a turban. As I started from
my sleep I heard a sound that recalled me to a consciousness of my
whereabouts. It was the loud jangle of Christian church bells, and it
brought home to me a delightful sensation of rest and security. The
day was bright and hot, and the lovely peeps of the sea that you
get from various street corners in Valetta were as charming as
ever. Surely in all Europe there is no gayer, pleasanter place of
abode than this white little island! The Union Club, which I visited
again this morning, claims the proud distinction of having the largest
membership of any club in the world. Nearly all the officers of the
Army and Navy who have at any time been stationed in the Mediterranean
are members; no subscription being exacted from them when they are
not on the station. At this club, too, you may meet many of the men
of rank in the military and civil services who are on their way to
or from India, and who have taken Malta _en route_. There are but
few civilian members of the club, though one or two of the English
residents in Malta have been admitted to it. The Maltese themselves
are, I understand, rigorously excluded. The appointments of the
place are excellent. Indeed, I almost imagined myself in Pall Mall,
and in a favourite corner of the Reform Club, as I sat reading the
newspapers this morning. During the winter season periodical balls
are given by the members of the club, and these are, I believe,
the leading social events in the island. Not to be invited to one of
the club balls is to meet with a grievous slight indeed. Altogether,
the club is an institution of which Englishmen have good reason to
be proud, and the advantages of which they are particularly well
able to appreciate when they come, as I have done, straight from
the semi-civilization of Tunis into the midst of the comfort and
even luxury that abound here.
I had promised to lunch with Lieutenant D——— on board the
_Hibernia_ depôt ship—a grand old wooden hulk, into which the
crews of the different vessels that are paid off here are turned
pending their voyage to England. Having got a boat, and finding
there was some time to spare before the hour fixed for lunch, I
went round the _Inflexible_, and duly admired her somewhat ponderous
proportions and enormous strength. It was immediately afterwards that
I was witness of one of the most stirring and touching scenes I ever
beheld, though doubtless it is a scene common enough at Valetta. My
boatman pointed to where the _Tyne_, one of the noble government
transports, was beginning slowly to move from her moorings. She was
“homeward bound,” carrying some hundreds of time-expired men,
the crew of the _Thunderer_ and others, who had been kept in the
Mediterranean for several years. As the great, stately white ship
passed down the harbour, her sides and rigging lined with the sunburnt
faces of the sailors who were starting for Old England, the crews of
all the men-of-war she passed, clustering like bees upon bulwarks,
yard-arms, and ladders, raised cheer upon cheer in such thunderous
volumes as only the throats of Englishmen seem capable of giving
forth. Many a yearning glance was cast from the other vessels as the
homeward-bound craft steamed gently past, her farewell signal to her
old comrades fluttering in the breeze; and I could well understand
that these tremendous salvoes of hurrahs were meant as much for the
dear mother country itself as for the men who were departing. Then,
above the roar of thousands of voices, there rose the strains of
“Home, sweet Home,” from the band of the _Hecla_. And so the good
ship _Tyne_, amid all this waving and shouting and music—and with
more than one wet eye wistfully regarding her—slipped out between
St. Elmo and St. Angelo, and turned her head towards home. It was a
thrilling scene for an Englishman to behold in that noble harbour,
under that cloudless southern sky.
Alas! when I myself reached Plymouth, some ten days later, I found
the _Tyne_ lying there close to the spot where my own ship cast
anchor for the night; and I read in the morning paper how she had
brought home so many men from this vessel and so many from the other,
and how “one death had occurred on board during the voyage.”
So one at least of those who had set out so joyfully on that lovely
morning, amid the strains of “Home, sweet Home,” and the hurrahs
of thousands of English sailors, had reached the end of his voyage
and the haven of rest even sooner than he had expected to do.
After lunch—one of those cheery, pleasant meals, flavoured with
bright professional gossip, which only the ward-room of a man-of-war
knows—my host and I set off for the Naval Hospital to see the grave
of my poor friend P———, whom I left at Malta last year. It
was a hot and exhausting climb from the level of the harbour to
the height upon which the beautiful hospital is situated. What a
treat it was, however, after seeing something of French sanitary
arrangements at Tunis, to observe the delightful cleanliness and
order prevailing here! After all, it is not merely by the weight of
its guns and the magnitude of its forts that Malta impresses you
with a sense of the greatness of your country. You see here what
the English faculty of organization can accomplish even in the face
of serious difficulties. Malta lies far south of any town on the
continent of Europe; and yet its streets are as clean and as free
from the horrible smells of Germany and Italy as any English town
is. I think, upon the whole I felt more proud of this cleanliness
of Valetta than I did even of the great forts, and that wonderful
storehouse of grain in which, according to tradition, food for the
whole population sufficient to last for seven years is always stored.
I started at four o’clock from Malta for Naples by the _Elettrico_,
a beautiful paddle steamer, said to be the crack boat of the Florio
line. Certainly it presented a marked contrast to the _Sicilia_, in
which I had made the passage from Tunis to Malta. A beautiful saloon,
large and airy state-rooms, and a handsome quarter-deck well provided
with comfortable seats, gave the _Elettrico_ the appearance of a
very fine yacht rather than of an ordinary passenger steamer. That
I had now got into one of the main routes of English traffic was
proved by two facts: first, that all my fellow-passengers in the
saloon—five in number—were English; and next, that the captain,
a handsome, middle-aged Italian, spoke our language with remarkable
freedom and an excellent accent. The _Elettrico_ danced along over
the waves at a wonderful rate. I sat on deck enjoying the moonlight
on the water for several hours, but already I was beginning to feel
the difference between the “sunny south” I had left behind me
and the latitudes I was now approaching, so that I was by no means
sorry to turn into my warm and comfortable cabin.
_Sunday, November 6th._—I rose at six o’clock, to find the
splendid snow-clad peak of Etna directly opposite to me. We were
running through the lovely Straits of Messina, and the prospect
on both sides was delightful. Both to right and left there were
ranges of olive-clad hills, with white villages at their base,
and here and there a farmhouse glittering in the sunshine far up
the mountain slope. It was a civilized and fertile land on which I
was thus looking, and it contrasted strangely with the yellow and
lifeless hills of Africa. My view of the grand summit of Etna did
not last very long; for as the sun rose higher in the heavens clouds
began to gather round the mountain top, and very soon blotted it from
my view. About seven we came in sight of Messina—one of the most
beautiful cities in the world. It lies stretched in a noble semicircle
round the edge of the bay; whilst behind it is a great amphitheatre of
hills, which are wooded to the very summit, and bear on their flanks
castles and farm-houses, churches and monasteries; so that you get
here an admirable intermixture of nature and civilization. The city
itself, with its forts, its cathedral, and its imposing line of
buildings on the quay, looks wonderfully picturesque. The straits
are at this point so narrow that they look like a river; and the
mainland of Italy, with hills covered with thick chestnut forests,
seems but a stone’s throw from the town. There were a great many
English vessels in the harbour, all engaged in taking in lemons,
which are at this season the staple export of Messina. But even more
welcome than the sight of these English ships, was the appearance of
my old friend the _Charles Quint_. I had learned during the passage
from Malta that the _Elettrico_ would remain two days at Messina,
whereas the _Charles Quint_ was to sail for Naples this evening,
so that I might save a day by transferring myself to her. My mind
was soon made up, and directly after breakfast I went aboard the
French boat. I found the jovial captain and my friends the purser
and the doctor sitting at their morning meal. They uttered a cry of
surprise and pleasure at seeing me, and forthwith began to recount
their varied experiences since we had parted at Susa. Both of “the
Corsican brothers” had been deplorably ill during the gale which I
had encountered in the _Ville de Naples_. They were in their element
now, however, in these smooth straits, and with all the evidences
of civilization around them.
And yet, are things quite what they seem in this beautiful Sicily? To
my great surprise, the captain of the _Charles Quint_ told me that
yesterday, when his vessel was lying in the harbour of Catania,
he was twice shot at from the shore whilst he was walking on the
bridge! I expressed my astonishment at this statement, and asked
him if he might not have been mistaken. He declared, however, that
he could hear the bullets whiz past his head; and his story was
confirmed by the purser and doctor. When I asked him what could be
the reason for such an outrage, he shrugged his shoulders and said,
“It is the affair of Tunis, I suppose.” Perhaps, however, there
may be a little jealousy of a more vulgar description at the bottom
of the outrage. This is, it appears, the first voyage of the _Charles
Quint_ by this route, and as it is known that she is a French vessel
running in opposition to the Italian line, it is just possible that
trade rivalry led to this resort to the Sicilian method of settling
a dispute. The bitterness of the people here against the French
is, however, intense. Whilst I was in the saloon of the _Charles
Quint_ this morning, the agent, a very handsome young Italian, came
on board. He and the captain forthwith plunged into a political
discussion, which it was mighty pretty to witness. The agent of
course dwelt upon the perfidy of the French in Tunis, and charged
them with having gone there simply to rob the Italians of a property
which would very soon have been in their possession but for this
interference. The captain dilated with warmth upon the ingratitude
of the Italians, who thought nothing of the sacrifices France had
made for them. They became so angry at last that I had to throw
myself into the midst of the dispute as a champion of the Arabs,
who wanted neither a French nor an Italian master. Then the sudden
storm subsided. The disputants nodded their heads in acquiescence,
and jointly admitted that the best solution of the difficulty would
have been for both countries to agree to leave Tunis alone.
I went ashore for a walk through the town. The church bells
were ringing with a deafening noise, and people were streaming
along the streets in the direction of the cathedral and the other
churches, in crowds which reminded me of an English town on a Sunday
morning. Falling in with the stream, I presently found myself in
one of the churches; it was that which had the loudest bells. It
was crowded in all parts, and to my surprise I found that there were
almost as many men as women in the congregation. The women were very
handsome, but the men contrasted very unfavourably with the personal
appearance of the Arabs among whom I have been mingling lately. A
civil verger brought me a chair, and I sat down and joined in the
service—as well as I was able. But I could hear little and see
nothing of the officiating priest, and I fear my attention was turned
rather to the magnificent silver shrines which the church contained
and to the congregation around me, than to the high altar and the
officiating clergyman there. The people preserved a very reverent
demeanour during the service, though it was a little startling to see
blind beggars being led round among the crowd soliciting alms. One
could not fail, in observing the gorgeous magnificence of this
interior, the wealth and beauty of the shrines before which the humble
peasants bowed, to acknowledge that the Church of Rome knows how to
provide for the wants of its members—knows how to attract and awe
them. What an impression must be produced upon the wild mountaineer,
who comes down to Messina to confess, by this splendid interior, by
the roll of the noble music through the great aisle of the church,
by the beauty of the painted ceiling and the silver images! What a
contrast all this magnificence must present to the dull squalor of his
daily life! Though it would be absurd to generalize from my limited
experience, I must say that what I saw in Messina on this Sunday
morning fully confirmed the statements made to me as to the intense
devoutness of the Sicilians—a devoutness which is, unfortunately,
not incompatible with a belief in the virtues of brigandage and
of other pursuits and practices which, in more temperate climes,
are looked upon with a certain degree of disfavour.
After listening to a sermon in another church, which, like that
which I first entered, was crowded, I went into the Cathedral. It was
empty, but I was allowed to inspect the magnificent high altar, one
of the noblest specimens of Florentine mosaic in existence. Agates,
jaspers, chalcedonies, and other precious stones, are here cunningly
wrought into many quaint devices of birds and flowers, inlaid upon a
groundwork of lapis lazuli; and as, in spite of the centuries which
have elapsed since this _chef-d’œuvre_ left the hands of the
master, all these stones retain their pristine colours, the general
effect is marvellously rich. I saw, too, the coffin of “Alfonso
the Magnanimous,” King of Sicily, and the wonderful picture of
the Virgin which the pious Messinese believe to have been painted
by St. Luke—St. Luke, whose crumbling tomb was gravely pointed
out to me a year ago at the foot of Mount Pion, in the midst of the
ruins at Ephesus!—and I had a narrow escape from seeing sundry
other relics more precious still, to wit, the arm of St. Paul,
the blood of St. Mark, the skull of Mary Magdalene, and the hair of
the Virgin. Was ever city favoured as this beautiful Messina seems
to be! After a walk through the streets, with their quaint carved
fronts and grotesque fountains, I returned to the _Charles Quint_,
and in the evening we started for Naples. About nine o’clock we
ran between Scylla and Charibdis, the one being represented by a
lighthouse, and the other by a black rocky promontory; but I saw
nothing of the terrors which the ancients beheld here. Just as I
turned in for the night we were abreast of Stromboli, on the top of
which a light cloud of smoke was resting.
_Naples, Monday, November 7th._—I rose early, in order to see our
entrance into the Bay of Naples; and was rewarded on going on deck
by a wonderful spectacle. There was a long line of sharply defined
hills on the starboard side, lying black against the dark night sky;
but away to the south, it seemed as though the curtain of night had
been lifted, and here a low streak of brilliant flame showed itself,
and against it the hills stood out in splendid vividness. Slowly the
dawn stole over sea and sky, painting both with a hundred rainbow
tints. On our port quarter lay the beautiful island of Capri,
a picturesque mass of grey rock rising ghostlike from the silver
sea. And now the sky changed to an exquisite salmon colour, whilst
the sea shone like white metal. Then the sun gradually broke through
the rift in the cloud-barrier, and as he did so the faint salmon and
the silver-grey tints faded out of sight, and pink and blue became the
prevailing colours. All this time the sea was as smooth as glass, and
our stately ship glided almost noiselessly over it. Presently, when
the beautiful sunrise effects had disappeared before the broadening
day, light clouds began to spread themselves over the sky; but they
did not prevent my seeing Vesuvius, with its cap of thick smoke, and
lovely Sorrento amid its groves of lemons and olives; and by and by
the long line of the white houses of Naples appeared at the bottom
of the bay, with the Castle of St. Elmo towering far above them; and
almost before we were aware, we were at anchor in a crowded harbour,
and were feasting our eyes upon the famous southern city.
And here I may well pause in this story of my trip to Tunis. I had
once more reached the mainland of Europe. I was within easy reach
of home, and though I loitered a few days in Naples, hearing much
whilst I was there of the indignation prevailing throughout Italy at
the conduct of France in poaching upon what the Italians had begun
to regard as a preserve of their own, I do not know that my readers
would be greatly interested in the story of my life from day to
day. I left Naples by the steamship _Liguria_, of the Orient line,
and after a very quick but monotonous voyage of six days, landed at
Plymouth, on Wednesday, November 16th.