Beneath Welton also it taketh in the Hansleie water, that commeth out of
Blackemoore hilles to Watersall, where it falleth into the ground: and
afterward mounting againe is receiued into the Manifold, north of
Throwleie (as I heare) which goeth from thence to Ilam, and aboue Thorpe
dooth cast it selfe into Dou. Hauing therefore met togither after this
maner, the Dou procéedeth on to Maplington, beneath which it crosseth
one water descending from Brassington by Fennie Bentleie, and another
somewhat lower that commeth from Hocston hall by Hognaston and Ashburne,
and then going to Matterfield, Narburie, Ellaston, Rawston Rowcester, it
[Sidenote: Churne.]
meeteth with the Churne, euen here to be described before I go anie
further. It riseth a good waie aboue Delacrasse abbie, and comming
[Sidenote: Dunsmere.]
thither by Hellesbie wood, it taketh in the Dunsmere, betwéene
Harracrasse and Leike.
[Sidenote: Yendor.]
Thence it goeth to the Walgrange, and a little beneath receiueth the
Yendor that commeth from aboue Harton, thence to Cheddleton, and hauing
[Sidenote: Aula Canuti.]
[Sidenote: Ashenhirst.]
crossed the Ashenhirst brooke aboue Cnutes hall, it runneth by Ypston,
Froghall, Below hill, Alton castell, Préestwood, and at Rowcester
falleth into the Dou, which yer long also receiueth a rill from Crowsden,
[Sidenote: Teine.]
and then going to Eton méeteth first with the Teine that commeth thither
from each side of Chedleie by Teinetowne, Bramhirst and Stranehill.
[Sidenote: Vttoxeter or Vncester.]
Secondlie with the Vncester or Vttoxeter water, and then going on to
Merchington, Sidberie, Cawlton, it crosseth a brooke from Sidmister
college, by Saperton. From this confluence in like sort it passeth
foorth to Tilberie castell, Marston, and at Edgerton méeteth with the
water that commeth from Yeldersleie by Longford (whereinto runneth
another that commeth from Hollington) and so to Hilton. These waters
being thus ioined, and manie ends brought into one, the Dou it selfe
falleth yer long likewise into the Trent, aboue Newton Souch. So that
the maine riuer being thus inlarged, goeth onwards with his course, and
betwéene Willington and Repton meeteth with two waters on sundrie sides,
whereof that which falleth in by Willington, riseth néere Dawberie Lies,
and runneth by Trusselie and Ashe: the other that entereth aboue Repton,
descendeth from Hartesburne, so that the Trent being past these, hasteth
to Twiford, Inglebie, Staunton, Weston, Newton, and Aston, yer long also
[Sidenote: Darwent.]
méeting with the Darwent; next of all to be dispatched. The Darwent, or
(to vse the verie British word) Dowr gwine (but in Latine Fluuius
Dereuantanus) riseth plaine west, néere vnto the edge of Darbishire,
aboue Blackwell a market towne, and from the head runneth to the New
chappell, within a few miles after it be risen. From hence moreouer it
goeth by Howden house, Darwent chappell, Yorkeshire bridge, and at
[Sidenote: Neue.]
Witham bridge dooth crosse the Neue or Nouius that commeth from Newstole
hill, by Netherburgh, Hope (crossing there one rill from Castelton,
another from Bradwell, and the third at Hathersage, from Stonie ridge
hill) and so goeth on to Padleie, Stockehall, receiuing a rill by the
waie from by west, to Stonie Middleton, and Baslow, and hauing here
[Sidenote: Burbroke.]
taken in the Burbrooke on the one side, and another from Halsop on the
other, it goeth to Chatworth and to Rowseleie, where it is increased
with the Wie comming from by west, and also a rill on the east, a little
higher. But I will describe the Wie before I go anie further.
[Sidenote: Wie.]
The Wie riseth aboue Buxston well, and there is increased with the
[Sidenote: Hawkeshow.]
[Sidenote: Wile.]
Hawkeshow, and the Wile brooke, whose heads are also further distant
from the edge of Darbishire than that of Wie, and races somwhat longer,
though neither of them be worthie to be accompted long. For the Wile,
hauing two heads, the one of them is not farre aboue the place where
Wilebecke abbeie stood, the other is further off by west, about
Wilebecke towne: and finallie ioining in one they runne to Cuckneie
village, where receiuing a becke that commeth downe from by west, it
holdeth on two miles further, there taking in the second rill, and so
[Sidenote: Rufford aliàs Manbecke.]
resort to Rufford, or the Manbecke. Vnto this also doo other two rills
repaire, wherof the one goeth through and the other hard by Maunsfield,
of which two also this latter riseth west about foure miles, and runneth
foorth to Clipston (three miles lower) and so likewise to Rufford,
whereof I will speake hereafter. In the meane time to returne againe to
the Wie. From Buxston well, it runneth to Staddon, Cowdale, Cowlow, New
medow, Milhouses, Bankewell, and Haddon hall, beneath which it receiueth
[Sidenote: Lathkell.]
[Sidenote: Bradford.]
the Lath kell, that runneth by Ouerhaddon, and the Bradford, both in one
bottome after they be ioined in one at Alport. And this is the first
great water that our Darwent dooth méet withall. Being therefore past
the Rowsleies, the said Darwent goeth to Stancliffe, Darleie in the
peake, Wensleie, Smitterton hall, and at Matlocke taketh in a rill by
northeast, as it dooth another at Crumford that goeth by Boteshall.
From Mattocke, it procéedeth to Watston, or Watsond, Well bridge,
[Sidenote: Amber.]
Alderwash, and ioineth with another streame called Amber comming in from
by north by Amber bridge, whose description shall insue in this wise, as
I find it. The head of Amber is aboue Edleston hall, or (as Leland
saith) est of Chesterfield, and comming from thence by Middleton to
Ogston hall, it taketh withall another brooke, descending from Hardwijc
wood, by Alton and Streton. Thence it goeth to Higham, Brackenfield, and
aboue Dale bridge meeteth with a brooke running from Hucknalward to
[Sidenote: Moreton.]
Shireland parke side, there crossing the Moreton becke, and so to
Alferton, except I name it wrong. From Dale bridge it goeth by Wingfeld,
to Hedge, Fritchlin, and so into Darwent, taking the water withall that
descendeth from Swanswijc by Pentridge, as Leland doth remember. From
this confluence likewise it runneth to Belper, where it méeteth with a
rill comming from Morleie parke: thence to Makenie, and at Duffeld,
[Sidenote: Eglesburne.]
receiueth the Eglesburne, which ariseth about Wirkesworth or Oresworth,
but in the same parish out of a rocke, and commeth in by Turnedich. From
Duffeld, it passeth to Bradsall, Darleie abbeie, and at Darbie taketh in
a rill comming from Mirkaston by Weston vnderwood, Kidleston and Merton.
If a man should say that Darwent riuer giueth name to Darbie towne, he
should not well know how euerie one would take it, and peraduenture
therby he might happen to offend some. In the meane time I beleeue it,
let other iudge as pleaseth them, sith my coniecture can preiudice none.
To proceed therefore. From Darbie it runneth on by Aluaston, Ambaston,
the Welles, and so into Trent, which goeth from hence to Sawleie, and
[Sidenote: Sora, or Surus.]
north of Thrumpton taketh in the Sore, a faire streame, and not worthie
to be ouerpassed.
It riseth in Leicestershire aboue Wigton, and thence goeth to
Sharneford, Sapcote, and beneath Staunton taketh in a rill that commeth
by Dounton and Broughton Astleie. Thence to Marleborow, and before it
come to Eston, crosseth another on the same side (descending by Burton,
Glen, Winstow, Kilbie and Blabie) then to Leircester towne, Belgraue,
Burstall, Wanlip; and yer it come at Cussington or Cositon, crosseth the
[Sidenote: Eie.]
Eie, which riseth néere Occam aboue Bramston, going by Knawstow,
[Sidenote: _Leland_ calleth one of these rilles Croco.]
Somerbie, Pickwell, Whitesonden; and beneath (a litle) receiueth a rill
on the right hand, from Coldnorton. Thence to Stapleford, & soone after
crossing a brooke from aboue Sproxton, Coson, Garthorpe and Sarbie, it
runneth to Wiuerbie, Brentingbie; and yer it come at Milton, meeteth
with two other small rilles, from the right hand whereof one commeth
from about Caldwell by Thorpe Arnold, and Waltham in the Would; the
other from Skaleford ward, and from Melton goeth by Sisonbie, there
méeting with another from northeast ouer against Kirbie Hellars, after
[Sidenote: Warke, Vrke, or Wreke.]
which time the name of Eie is changed into Warke or Vrke, and so
continueth vntill it come at the Soure. From hence also it goeth to
Asterbie, Radgale, Habie, Trussington, Ratcliffe; and soone after
crosseth sundrie waters not verie farre in sunder, whereof one commeth
from Oueston, by Twiford, Ashbie, and Gadesbie; another from Losebie, by
Baggraue, and Crawston, and ioining with the first at Ouennihow, it is
not long yer they fall into the Warke. The second runneth from
Engarsbie, by Barkeleie, and Sison. But the third and greatest of the
thrée, is a chanell increased with thrée waters, whereof one commeth
from Norton by Burton, Kilbie, Foston and Blabie, the other from Dounton
by Broughton and Astleie, and meéting with the third from Sapcoth, and
stonie Staunton, they run togither by Narborow, and soone after ioining
aboue Elston, with the first of the thrée, they go as one by Elston to
Leircester, Belgraue, Wanlip, and aboue Cussington doo fall into the
Warke, and soone after into the Soure. The Soure in like sort going from
thence to mount Sorrell, & taking in another brooke southwest from
Leircester forrest, by Glenfield, Austie, Thurcaston and Rodelie,
ioineth with the Soure, which goeth from thence to mount Sorrell, and
Quarendon (where it taketh in a water comming from Charnewood forrest,
and goeth by Bradegate and Swithland) and then procéedeth to Cotes,
Lughborow and Stanford, there also taking in one rill out of
Nottinghamshire by northeast; and soone after another from southwest,
comming from Braceden to Shepesheued, Garrington, & Dighlie grange, and
likewise the third from Worthington, by Disworth, long Whitton, and
Wathorne. Finallie, after these confluences, it hasteth to Sutton,
Kingston, and Ratcliffe, and so into the Trent.
These things being thus brought togither, and we now resuming the
discourse of the same riuer, it dooth after his méeting with the Soure,
[Sidenote: Erwash.]
procéed withall to Barton, where it taketh in the Erwash, which riseth
about Kirbie, and thence goeth to Selston, Wansbie, Codnor castell,
Estwood, and crossing a water from Beuall, runneth to Coshall, Trowell
(and there taking in another rill comming from Henor by Shipleie) it
proceedeth on to Stapleford, long Eaton, and so into the Trent. This
being doone it goeth to Clifton, and yer it come at Wilford, it méeteth
with a brooke that passeth from Staunton by Bonnie and Rodington, and
thence to Notingham, where it crosseth the Line, which riseth aboue
Newsted; and passing by Papplewijc, Hucknall, Bafford, Radford and
Linton, next of all to Thorpe & Farmdon, where it brancheth and maketh
an Iland, and into the smaller of them goeth a brooke from Beuer
castell, which rising betweene east Well and Eaton in Leircester is
[Sidenote: Dene.]
called the Dene, and from thence runneth by Bramston to Knipton, &
beneath Knipton méeteth with a brooke that commeth by west of Croxston,
and thence holdeth on with his course, betwéene Willesthorpe and Beuer
castell aforesaid, and so to Bottesworth, Normanton, Killington,
[Sidenote: Snite.]
Shilton, there receiuing the Snite from by south (whose head is néere
Clauston, & course from thence by Hickling, Langer, Whalton, Orston, and
Flareborow) and yer long another comming from Bingham, and Sibthorpe.
Thence our Trent runneth to Coxam, Hawton, Newarke castell, and so to
Winthorpe, where the branches are reunited, and thence going on by Holme
to Cromwell (and soone after taking in a brooke comming from Bilsthorpe,
by Kersall, Cawnton, Norwell and Willowbie) to Carlton, and to Sutton,
there making a litle Ile, then to Grinton, where it toucheth a streame
on ech side, whereof one commeth from Morehouse by Weston & Gresthorpe,
another from Langthorpe, by Collingham, and Bosthorpe. From hence
likewise it passeth to Clifton, Newton, Kettlethorpe, Torkeseie, Knash,
Gainsborow, Waltrith, Stockwith; and leauing Axholme on the left hand,
it taketh withall Hogdike water out of the Ile, and so goeth foorth to
Wildsworth, Eastferrie, Frusworth, Burringham, Gummeis, Hixburgh,
Burton, Walcote, and at Ankerburie into the Humber, receiuing the swift
Doue by the waie, which for his noblenesse is not to be ouerpassed,
especiallie for that Anno 1536 Hen. 8, 28, it was (by Gods prouidence) a
staie of great bloudshed like to haue fallen out betwéene the kings side
and the rebelles of the north, in a quarrell about religion. For the
[Sidenote: A miracle.]
night before the battle should haue béene stricken, and without anie
apparent cause (a little showre of raine excepted farre vnpossible vpon
such a sudden to haue made so great a water) the said riuer arose so
high, & ran with such vehemencie, that on the morow the armies could not
ioine to trie & fight it out: after which a pacification insued, and
those countries were left in quiet. Secondlie, the description hereof is
not to be ouerpassed, bicause of the fine grasse which groweth vpon the
banks thereof, which is so fine and batable, that there goeth a prouerbe
vpon the same; so oft as a man will commend his pasture, to say that
there is no better féed on Doue banke: that maketh it also the more
famous.
[Sidenote: Doue.]
The Doue therefore riseth in Yorkeshire among the Peke hilles, and
hauing receiued a water comming by Ingbirchworth (where the colour
thereof is verie blacke) it goeth to Pennistone, which is foure miles
from the head: then by Oxspring to Thurgoland, and soone after (ioining
by the waie with the Midhop water, that runneth by Midhop chappell, and
Hondshelfe) it méeteth with another comming from Bowsterston chappell.
Then goeth it by Waddesleie wood to Waddesleie bridge, and at Aluerton
receiueth the Bradfeld water. Then passeth it to Crokes, and so to
Sheffeld castell (by east whereof it receiueth a brooke from by south
that commeth through Sheffeld parke.) Thence it procéedeth to Westford
[Sidenote: Cowleie.]
bridge, Briksie bridge; and southwest of Timsleie receiueth the Cowleie
streame that runneth by Ecclefield. Next of all it goeth to Rotheram,
[Sidenote: Rother.]
where it méeteth with the Rother, a goodlie water, whose head is in
Darbieshire about Pilsleie, from whence it goeth vnder the name of
Doleie, till it come at Rotheram, by north Winfield church, Wingerworth,
and Foreland hall, twelue miles from Rotheram, to Chesterford, where it
[Sidenote: Iber.]
[Sidenote: Brampton.]
méeteth with the Iber, and Brampton water that commeth by Holme hall,
both in one chanell. Thence it runneth to Topton castell, and yer long
crossing one water comming from Dronefeld by Whittington on the one
side, and the second from aboue Birmington on the other, it goeth
through Stalie parke, and soone after méeteth with the Crawleie becke,
whereof I find this note.
[Sidenote: Crawleie.]
The Crawleie riseth not farre from Hardwijc, and going by Stanesbie and
Woodhouse, it receiueth aboue Netherthorpe, one water on the one side
comming from the Old parke, and another from Barlborow hill on the
other, that runneth not farre from Woodthorpe. After this confluence
likewise they run as one into the Rother, which hasteth from thence to
Eckington (there crossing a rill that runneth by Birleie hill) and so to
[Sidenote: Gunno.]
Kilmarsh, in the confines of Darbieshire, where it taketh in the Gunno
from by east. Thence to Boughton, vniting it selfe therabout with
[Sidenote: Mesebrooke.]
another by west from Gledles, called Mesebrooke, which diuideth
Yorkeshire from Darbieshire, and so runneth to Treton, Whiston, there
taking in a rill from Aston, and so to Rotheram, where it méeteth with
the Doue, and from whence our Doue (yéelding plentie of samon all the
waie as it passeth) hasteth to Aldwarke, Swaiton, Mexburge, there taking
in the Darne, which I will next describe, and staie with the Doue,
vntill I haue finished the same. It riseth at Combworth, and so commeth
about by Bretton hall, to Darton ward, where it crosseth a water that
runneth from Gonthwake hall, by Cawthorne vnited of two heads. From
hence it goeth to Burton grange, then to Drax, where it toucheth with a
water from southwest, & then goeth to Derfield and Goldthorpe: but yer
it come to Sprotborow, it vniteth it selfe with a faire riuer, increased
by diuerse waters, before it come at the Doue, & whereinto it falleth
(as I heare) northeast of Mexburgh. After this confluence likewise the
Doue goeth by Sprotborow, to Warnesworth, Doncaster, Wheatleie, (there
[Sidenote: Hampall.]
méeting with the Hampall créeke on the northeast side, which riseth east
of Kirbie) thence to Sandall, Kirke Sandall, Branwith ferrie, Stanford,
Fishlake, and so to Thuorne or Thurne, where it crosseth the Idle (whose
description followeth) and finallie into Trent, and so into the Humber.
But before I deale with the description of the Idle, I will adde
somewhat of the Rume, a faire water. For though the description thereof
be not so exactlie deliuered me as I looked for; yet such as it is I will
set downe, conferring it with Lelands booke, and helping their defect so
much as to me is possible. It riseth by south of Maunsfield, fiue miles
from Rumford abbeie, and when the streame commeth neere the abbeie, it
casteth it selfe abroad and maketh a faire lake. After this it commeth
[Sidenote: Budbie.]
againe into a narrow channell, and so goeth on to Rumford village,
[Sidenote: Gerberton.]
carrieng the Budbie and the Gerberton waters withall. From thence, and
with a méetlie long course, it goeth to Bawtrie or Vautrie, a market
towne in Nottinghamshire, fiue miles from Doncaster, and so into the
[Sidenote: Girt.]
Trent. Beneath Rumford also commeth in the Girt, which goeth vnto
Southwell milles, and so into the Trent. Now as concerning our Idle.
[Sidenote: Idle.]
The Idle, which some call Brier streame, riseth at Sutton in Ashfield,
from whence it runneth to Maunsfield, Clipston & Allerton, where it
taketh in a water that riseth in the forrest, one mile north of
Bledworth, and runneth on by Rughford abbeie, till it come to Allerton.
[Sidenote: Manbecke.]
The forresters call this Manbecke, whereof Leland also speaketh, who
describeth it in this maner. Manbrooke riseth somewhere about Linthirst
wood, from whence it goeth to Blisthorpe, and so to Allerton. But to
procéed. The Idle hauing taken in the Manbecke, it runneth to
Bothomsall, by Boughton, & Perlethorpe: but yer it come there, it
[Sidenote: Meding becke.]
méeteth the Meding Maiden, or Midding brooke, which rising about
Teuersall, goeth to Pleasleie, Nettleworth, Sawcan, Warsop, Budleie,
Thursbie, Bothomsall, and so into the Idle. After this it proceedeth to
Houghton, west Draiton, but yer it touch at Graunston or Gaunston, it
[Sidenote: Wilie.]
taketh in the Wilie, which commeth from Clowne, to Creswell, Holbecke,
Woodhouse, Wilebecke, Normenton, Elsleie, Graunston, and so into the
Idle. Being thus increased, the Idle runneth on to Idleton, Ordsall,
Retford, Bollam, Tilneie, Matterseie abbeie, and so to Bawtrie, where it
méeteth another from the shire Okes, that riseth aboue Geitford, passeth
[Sidenote: Blith.]
on to Worksop (or Radfurth) Osberton, Bilbie, and Blith, there vniting
it selfe with thrée rilles in one bottome, whereof one commeth from
Waldingwell to Careleton, and so thorough a parke to Blith towne,
another from by west Furbecke thrée miles, and so to Blith: but the
third out of the White water néere to Blith, and there being vnited they
passe on to Scrobie, and so into the Idle.
From hence it runneth on to Missen, to Sadlers bridge, and next of all
[Sidenote: Sandbecke.]
to Santoft, where it méeteth with the Sandbecke, which rising not farre
from Sandbecke towne, passeth by Tickhill, Rosington bridge, Brampton,
Rilholme, Lindholme, and one mile south of Santoft into the Idle water,
which runneth from thence to Thorne, where it méeteth with the Doue, and
so with it to Crowleie. Finallie, inuironing the Ile of Axeholme, it
goeth vnto Garthorpe, Focorbie, & so into the Trent. Leland writing of
the Wilie, Wile, or Gwilie (as some write it) saith thus therof. The
Wile hath two heads, whereof one is not farre aboue the place where
Wilbecke abbeie stood; the other riseth further off by west aboue
Welbecke or Wilebecke towne: finallie ioining in one, they runne to
Cuckeneie village, where crossing a becke that commeth in from by west,
it holdeth on two miles further, there taking in the second rill, and so
resort to Rufford. To this riuer likewise (saith he) doo two other
waters repaire, whereof the one goeth hard by Maunsfield (rising foure
miles from thence by west) and then commeth thrée miles lower to
Rufford; the other (so far as I remember) goeth quite through the towne.
OF SUCH FALLES OF WATERS AS IOINE WITH THE SEA, BETWEENE HUMBER AND THE
THAMES.
CHAP. XVI.
Hauing in this maner described the Ouze, and such riuers as fall into
the same: now it resteth that I procéed in my voiage toward the Thames,
according to my former order. Being therefore come againe into the maine
sea, I find no water of anie countenance or course (to my remembrance)
[Sidenote: Ancolme.]
till I come vnto the Ancolme a goodlie water, which riseth east of
Mercate Rasing, and from thence goeth by middle Rasing. Then receiuing a
short rill from by south, it runneth on vnder two bridges, by the waie,
till it come to Wingall, northeast; where also it méeteth with another
brooke, from Vsselbie that commeth thither by Vresbie, goeth by Cadneie
(taking in the two rilles in one bottome, that descend from Howsham, and
north Leiseie) and thence to Newsted, Glanford, Wardeleie, Thorneham,
Applebie, Horslow, north Ferribie, and so into the sea.
[Sidenote: Kilis.]
Being past Ancolme, we go about the Nesse, and so to the fall of the
water which commeth from Kelebie, by Cotham abbeie, Nersham abbeie,
Thorneton, and leauing Coxhill by west, it falleth into the Ocean. The
next is the fall of another brooke comming from Fleting, all alongst by
Stallingburne. Then crossed we Grimsbie gullet, which issuing aboue
Erebie commeth to Lasebie, the two Cotes, and then into the sea. After
this we passed by another portlet, whose backwater descendeth from
Balesbie by Ashbie, Briggesleie, Wath, and Towneie, and finallie to the
next issue, before we come at Saltflete, which branching at the last,
leaueth a prettie Iland wherein Comsholme village standeth. This water
riseth short (as I heare) of Tathewell, from whence it goeth to Rathbie,
Hallington, Essington, Lowth, Kidirington, Auingham, and then branching
aboue north Somerton, one arme méeteth with the sea, by Grauethorpe, the
other by north of Somercote.
[Sidenote: Saltflete.]
Saltflete water hath but a short course: for rising among the
Cockeringtons, it commeth to the sea, at Saltflete hauen: howbeit the
next vnto it is of a longer race, for it riseth (as I take it) at
Cawthorpe paroch, and descendeth by Legburne, the Carletons, the west
middle and east Saltfletes, and so into the Ocean. The water that riseth
aboue Ormesbie and Dribie, goeth to Cawsbie, Swabie abbeie, Clathorpe,
Belew, Tattle, Witherne, Stane, and northeast of Thetilthorpe into the
maine sea.
[Sidenote: Maplethorpe]
Maplethorpe water riseth at Tharesthorpe, and going by Markeleie,
Folethorpe, and Truthorpe, it is not long yer it méet with the Germane
Ocean. Then come we to the issue that commeth from aboue the Hotoft, and
thence to Mumbie chappell, whither the water comming from Claxbie,
Willowbie, and Slouthbie (and whereinto another rill falleth) dooth
runne, as there to doo homage vnto their lord and souereigne. As for
Ingold mill créeke, I passe it ouer, and come straight to another water,
descending from Burge by Skegnes. From hence I go to the issue of a
faire brooke, which (as I heare) dooth rise at Tetford, and thence goeth
by Somerbie, Bagenderbie, Ashwardbie, Sawsthorpe, Partneie, Ashbie, the
Stepings, Thorpe croft, and so into the sea. As for Wainflete water, it
commeth from the east sea, and goeth betwéene S. Maries & Alhallowes by
Wainflete towne, and treading the path of his predecessors, emptieth his
chanell to the maintenance of the sea.
Now come I to the course of the Witham, a famous riuer, whereof goeth
the biword, frequented of old, and also of Ancolme, which I before
described: