==============+===============++==============+==============
Period. | Gold--million || Period. | Gold--million
| dollars. || | dollars.
--------------+---------------++--------------+--------------
1493 to 1700 | 5.4 || 1901 to 1905 | 322.1
1701 to 1850 | 13.1 || 1906 | 400.3
1851 to 1890 | 120.2 || 1907 | 410.0
1891 to 1900 | 210.1 ||(estim.) 1908 | 444.0
--------------+---------------++--------------+--------------
The World’s Production of Pig Iron from 1800 to 1907.
[In gross tons of 2240 lbs.]
======+================+=================+============+
Year.| United | Great | Germany. |
| States. | Britain. | |
------+----------------+-----------------+------------+
| Tons. | Tons. | Tons. |
1800 | 40,000 | 190,000 | 40,000 |
1810 | 55,000 | 250,000 | 46,000 |
1820 | 20,000 | 400,000 | 90,000 |
1830 | 165,000 | 680,000 | 120,000 |
1840 | 287,000 | 1,390,000 | 170,000 |
1850 | 564,000 | 2,250,000 | 402,000 |
1860 | 820,000 | 3,830,000 | 530,000 |
1870 | 1,665,000 | 5,960,000 | 1,390,000 |
1880 | 3,835,000 | 7,750,000 | 2,730,000 |
1885 | 4,050,000 | 7,420,000 | 2,690,000 |
1889 | 7,603,000 | 8,250,000 | 4,530,000 |
1895 | 9,446,000 | 7,703,000 | 5,465,000 |
1896 | 8,623,000 | 8,660,000 | 6,271,000 |
1897 | 9,652,000 | 8,796,000 | 6,771,000 |
1898 | 11,773,000 | 8,610,000 | 7,196,000 |
1899 | 13,620,000 | 9,421,000 | 8,013,000 |
1900 | 13,789,000 | 8,960,000 | 8,384,000 |
1901 | 15,878,000 | 7,929,000 | 7,754,000 |
1902 | 17,821,000 | 8,680,000 | 8,395,000 |
1903 | 18,009,000 | 8,935,000 | 9,860.000 |
1904 | 16,497,000 | 8,694,000 | 9,899,000 |
1905 | 22,992,000 | 9,608,000 | 10,703,000 |
1906 | 25,307,000 | 10,109,000 | 12,099,000 |
1907 | 25,781,000 | 9,924,000 | 12,672,000 |
------+----------------+-----------------+------------+
======+================+================+=============
Year.| France. | Various. | Total.
| | |
------+----------------+----------------+-------------
| Tons. | Tons. | Tons.
1800 | 60,000 | 130,000 | 460,000
1810 | 85,000 | 180,000 | 616,000
1820 | 140,000 | 385,000 | 1,570,000
1830 | 220,000 | 480,000 | 2,677,000
1840 | 350,000 | 640,000 | 4,426,000
1850 | 570,000 | 270,000 | 920,000
1860 | 900,000 | 1,100,000 | 7,180,000
1870 | 1,180,000 | 1,710,000 | 11,905,000
1880 | 1,730,000 | 2,090,000 | 18,135,000
1885 | 1,630,000 | 2,310,000 | 18,100,000
1889 | 1,720,000 | 3,060,000 | 25,163,000
1895 | 2,006,000 | 4,247,000 | 28,867,000
1896 | 2,302,000 | 5,001,000 | 30,857,000
1897 | 2,444,000 | 5,267,000 | 32,930,000
1898 | 2,485,000 | 5,808,000 | 35,872,000
1899 | 2,537,000 | 6,464,000 | 40,055,000
1900 | 2,671,000 | 6,686,000 | 40,490,000
1901 | 2,351,000 | 6,886,000 | 40,798,000
1902 | 2,367,000 | 6,876,000 | 44,139,000
1903 | 2,796,000 | 6,677,000 | 46,277,000
1904 | 2,927,000 | 7,322,000 | 45,339,000
1905 | 3,028,000 | 7,569,000 | 53,900,000
1906 | 3,267,000 | 7,360,000 | 58,142,000
1907 | 3,532,000 | 7,591,000 |[L]59,500,000
------+----------------+----------------+-------------
[L] Preliminary estimate.
Note.--Official figures of the respective national statistical offices
of the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany and France. Figures
for all other countries taken from the French and Swedish Mineral
Statistics.
Commerce of the World since 1830.
[Aggregate of imports for consumption and domestic exports in millions
of dollars.--Mulhall’s figures prior to 1890.]
========================+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+
Country. | 1830. | 1840. | 1850. | 1860. | 1870. |
------------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| | | | | |
United Kingdom | 422 | 547 | 811 | 1,800 | 2,625 |
France | 197 | 317 | 456 | 801 | 1,089 |
Germany | 220 | 249 | 336 | 624 | 1,017 |
Russia | 134 | 158 | 192 | 230 | 494 |
Austria-Hungary | 72 | 105 | 139 | 225 | 398 |
Italy | 96 | 144 | 182 | 249 | 317 |
Spain | 33 | 48 | 53 | 120 | 197 |
Portugal | 14 | 19 | 24 | 38 | 48 |
Holland and Belgium | 144 | 216 | 293 | 413 | 653 |
United States | 105 | 197 | 297 | 653 | 702 |
Spanish America | 168 | 230 | 336 | 451 | 648 |
India | 48 | 96 | 144 | 249 | 408 |
British colonies, other | 43 | 101 | 211 | 494 | 614 |
Other countries | 264 | 323 | 326 | 853 | 1,200 |
------------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
The world | 1,960 | 2,750 | 3,800 | 7,200 |10,500 |
------------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
========================+=======+=======+=======+=======+=========
Country. | 1880. | 1890. | 1897. | 1903. | 1907.
------------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+---------
| | | | |
United Kingdom | 3,350 | 3,552 | 3,389 | 4,056 | 5,217
France | 1,627 | 1,493 | 1,450 | 1,747 | 2,237
Germany | 1,411 | 1,761 | 1,996 | 2,621 | 3,681
Russia | 629 | 566 | 618 | 867 |[M][N]834
Austria-Hungary | 513 | 441 | 609 | 813 | 949
Italy | 437 | 451 | 438 | 652 | [M]821
Spain | 240 | 283 | 301 | 257 | [M]325
Portugal | 67 | 86 | 73 | 97 | [O]100
Holland and Belgium | 1,137 | 1,488 | 1,915 | 2,614 | [M]3,010
United States | 1,478 | 1,536 | 1,815 | 2,453 | 3,318
Spanish America | 768 | 797 | 826 | 965 | 1,802
India | 518 | 629 | 440 | 761 | [B]913
British colonies, other | 974 | 1,430 | 1,550 | 2,292 | [O]2,169
Other countries | 1,351 | 2,287 | 3,020 | 2,866 | [P]3,733
------------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+---------
The world |14,500 |16,800 |18,500 |23,061 | 29,109
------------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+---------
[M] 1906.
[N] Trade over the European frontier only.
[O] 1904.
[P] Various years, 1904 to 1906.
Imports and Exports of Manufactures into and from the Principal 295
Countries of the World and the Share Which Manufactures Formed of
their Total Commerce.
The Bureau of Statistics of the Department of Commerce and Labor
published in 1903 a series of tables showing the imports and exports
of manufactures of the principal countries of the world and the share
which manufactures formed, respectively, of the imports and exports of
each of the countries named. The following is a summarization of that
table:
================================+=======================+
| |
| Iron and Steel. |
| |
Countries. +-----------+-----------+
| Import. | Export. |
--------------------------------+-----------+-----------+
Austria-Hungary (1901) |$13,942,000|$10,667,000|
Belgium (1902) | 19,083,000| 46,144,000|
Denmark (1901) | 9,415,000| 1,711,000|
France (1902) | 31,336,000| 42,238,000|
Germany (1901) | 42,186,000|207,951,000|
Italy (1901) | 31,318,000| 1,523,000|
Netherlands (1901) | 92,446,000| 58,045,000|
Portugal (1902) | 6,431,000| 249,000|
Russia-European frontier (1901) | 48,538,000| 818,000|
Spain (1902) | 19,448,000| 955,000|
Sweden (1902) | 11,916,000| 15,402,000|
Norway (1901) | 11,672,000| 963,000|
Switzerland (1902) | 17,366,000| 10,704,000|
United Kingdom (1902) | 74,685,000|298,945,000|
United States (1903) | 51,617,000| 96,642,000|
Canada (1902) | 34,727,000| -- |
Mexico (1901) | 18,457,000| -- |
Argentina (1902) | 18,343,000| -- |
Brazil (1901) | 7,034,000| -- |
China (1902) | 4,721,000| -- |
Japan (1902) | 13,878,000| -- |
India (1902) | 54,302,000| -- |
Australia (1901) | 36,066,000| -- |
New Zealand (1900) | 12,088,000| -- |
--------------------------------+-----------+-----------+
================================+=======================+
| |
| Textiles. |
| |
Countries. +-----------+-----------+
| Import. | Export. |
--------------------------------+-----------+-----------+
Austria-Hungary (1901) |$34,696,000|$27,659,000|
Belgium (1902) | 21,652,000| 41,722,000|
Denmark (1901) | 12,699,000| 245,000|
France (1902) | 44,611,000|188,338,000|
Germany (1901) | 65,290,000|204,789,000|
Italy (1901) | 17,116,000| 36,399,000|
Netherlands (1901) | 41,172,000| 29,668,000|
Portugal (1902) | 7,253,000| 1,171,000|
Russia-European frontier (1901) | 23,728,000| 9,942,000|
Spain (1902) | 11,032,000| 6,977,000|
Sweden (1902) | 13,306,000| 796,000|
Norway (1901) | 8,886,000| 257,000|
Switzerland (1902) | 27,205,000| 76,447,000|
United Kingdom (1902) |175,194,000|547,325,000|
United States (1903) |146,202,000| 39,641,000|
Canada (1902) | 10,060,000| -- |
Mexico (1901) | 10,294,000| -- |
Argentina (1902) | 28,700,000| -- |
Brazil (1901) | 14,032,000| -- |
China (1902) | 79,580,000| -- |
Japan (1902) | 15,380,000| 31,729,000|
India (1902) |125,356,000| -- |
Australia (1901) | 54,540,000| -- |
New Zealand (1900) | 12,821,000| -- |
--------------------------------+-----------+-----------+
================================+========================+
| |
| Other Manufactures. |
| |
Countries. +-----------+------------+
| Import. | Export. |
--------------------------------+-----------+------------+
Austria-Hungary (1901) |$65,350,000|$149,038,000|
Belgium (1902) | 63,475,000| 90,974,000|
Denmark (1901) | 17,741,000| 1,926,000|
France (1902) |136,645,000| 278,227,000|
Germany (1901) |259,193,000| 411,311,000|
Italy (1901) | 53,305,000| 37,451,000|
Netherlands (1901) |108,121,000| 143,797,000|
Portugal (1902) | 10,302,000| 1,946,000|
Russia-European frontier (1901) | 85,900,000| 45,309,000|
Spain (1902) | 27,463,000| 33,398,000|
Sweden (1902) | 26,613,000| 23,221,000|
Norway (1901) | 13,037,000| 10,863,000|
Switzerland (1902) | 48,478,000| 47,960,000|
United Kingdom (1902) |478,821,000| 294,861,000|
United States (1903) |369,310,000| 654,860,000|
Canada (1902) | 67,719,000| 18,076,000|
Mexico (1901) | 18,170,000| 9,178,000|
Argentina (1902) | 20,674,000| 704,000|
Brazil (1901) | 21,954,000| 43,000|
China (1902) | 56,239,000| -- |
Japan (1902) | 39,637,000| 28,173,000|
India (1902) | 74,123,000| -- |
Australia (1901) | 65,598.000| 13,754,000|
New Zealand (1900) | 16,732,000| 970,000|
--------------------------------+-----------+------------+
================================+=========================+===============
| | Percent which
| Total Manufactures. | manufactures
| | form of total.
Countries. +------------+------------+-------+-------
| Import. | Export. |Import.|Export.
--------------------------------+------------+------------+-------+-------
Austria-Hungary (1901) |$113,988,000|$187,364,000| 32.63 | 48.35
Belgium (1902) | 104,210,000| 178,840,000| 23.72 | 49.89
Denmark (1901) | 39,855,000| 3,882,000| 37.47 | 4.96
France (1902) | 212,592,000| 508,803,000| 24.95 | 62.22
Germany (1901) | 366,669,000| 824,051,000| 28.42 | 78.13
Italy (1901) | 101,739,000| 75,373,000| 30.68 | 28.50
Netherlands (1901) | 241,739,000| 231,510,000| 29.54 | 33.27
Portugal (1902) | 23,986,000| 3,366,000| 39.96 | 10.96
Russia-European frontier (1901) | 158,166,000| 56,069,000| 56.37 | 14.45
Spain (1902) | 57,943,000| 41,330,000| 37.60 | 29.04
Sweden (1902) | 51,835,000| 39,419,000| 42.08 | 41.61
Norway (1901) | 33,595,000| 12,083,000| 43.46 | 28.78
Switzerland (1902) | 93,049,000| 135,111,000| 42.72 | 80.07
United Kingdom (1902) | 728,700,000|1141,131,000| 27.92 | 82.70
United States (1903) | 570,129,000| 791,143,000| 55.58 | 56.83
Canada (1902) | 112,506,000| 18,076,000| 57.26 | 10.47
Mexico (1901) | 46,921,000| 9,178,000| 75.11 | 27.78
Argentina (1902) | 67,717,000| 704,000| 68.13 | .41
Brazil (1901) | 43,020,000| 43,000| 44.87 | --
China (1902) | 140,540,000| -- | 71.36 | --
Japan (1902) | 69,895,000| 59,902,000| 51.73 | 47.05
India (1902) | 253,781,000| -- | 88.15 | --
Australia (1901) | 156,204,000| 13,754,000| 76.35 | 10.23
New Zealand (1900) | 41,641,000| 970,000| 83.82 | 1.72
--------------------------------+------------+------------+-------+-------
The Manufacturing Industry of the United States, 1850 to 1905, showing 296
Value of Product, Capital Invested, Wage-Earners Employed, Wages Paid,
and Number of Establishments in each census year in the period under
consideration.
[From official records of the United States Census Office.]
-----------------------------------------+------------------------------
| Date of Census. |
+--------------+--------------+
| | |
| 1850 | 1860 |
| | |
-----------------------------------------+--------------+--------------+
Number of establishments | 123,025| 140,433|
Capital | $533,245,351|$1,009,855,715|
Salaried officials, clerks, etc., Number | [S] | [S] |
Salaries | [S] | [S] |
Wage-earners, average number | 957,059| 1,311,246|
Total wages | $236,755,464| $378,878,966|
Men, 16 years and over | 731,137| 1,040,349|
Wages | [S] | [S] |
Women, 16 years and over | 2,225,922| 270,897|
Wages | [S] | [S] |
Children, under 16 years | [S] | [S] |
Wages | [S] | [S] |
Miscellaneous expenses | [U] | [U] |
Cost of materials used | $555,123,822|$1,031,605,092|
Value of products, including | | |
custom work and repairing. |$1,019,106,616|$1,885,861,676|
=========================================+==============+==============+
-----------------------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Date of Census. |
+--------------+--------------+
| | |
| 1870 | 1880 |
| | |
-----------------------------------------+--------------+--------------+
Number of establishments | 252,148| 253,852|
Capital |$2,118,208,769 $2,790,272,606|
Salaried officials, clerks, etc., Number | [S] | [S] |
Salaries | [S] | [S] |
Wage-earners, average number | 2,053,996| 2,732,595|
Total wages | $775,584,343| $947,953,795|
Men, 16 years and over | 1,615,598| 2,019,035|
Wages | [S] | [S] |
Women, 16 years and over | 323,770| 531,639|
Wages | [S] | [S] |
Children, under 16 years | 114,628| 181,921 |
Wages | [S] | [S] |
Miscellaneous expenses | [U] | [U] |
Cost of materials used |$2,488,427,242|$3,396,823,549|
Value of products, including | | |
custom work and repairing. |$4,232,325,442|$5,369,579,191|
=========================================+==============+==============+
-----------------------------------------+---------------------------------+
| Date of Census. |
+-----------------+---------------+
| | |
| 1890 | 1900.[Q] |
| | |
-----------------------------------------+-----------------+---------------+
Number of establishments | 355,475 | 512,254|
Capital |$6,525,156,486 | $9,817,434,799|
Salaried officials, clerks, etc., Number | 461,609[R]| 396,759|
Salaries | $391,988,208[R]| $403,711,233|
Wage-earners, average number | 4,251,613 | 5,308,406|
Total wages |$1,891,228,321 | $2,322,333,877|
Men, 16 years and over | 3,327,042 | 4,110,527|
Wages |$1,659,234,483 | $2,016,677,789|
Women, 16 years and over | 803,686 | 1,029,296|
Wages | $215,367,976 | $279,994,396|
Children, under 16 years | 120,885 | 168,583|
Wages | $16,625,862 | $25,661,692|
Miscellaneous expenses | $631,225,035 | $1,027,775,778|
Cost of materials used |$5,162,044,076 | $7,345,413,651|
Value of products, including | | |
custom work and repairing. |$9,372,437,283 |$13,004,400,143|
=========================================+=================+===============+
-----------------------------------------+---------------+
|Date of Census.|
+---------------+
| |
| 1905. |
| |
-----------------------------------------+---------------+
Number of establishments | 588,769|
Capital |$13,872,035,371|
Salaried officials, clerks, etc., Number | 566,175|
Salaries | $609,200,251|
Wage-earners, average number | 6,152,443|
Total wages | $3,014,389,372|
Men, 16 years and over | 4,792,874|
Wages | $2,629,747,837|
Women, 16 years and over | 1,194,083|
Wages | $356,992,855|
Children, under 16 years | 167,066|
Wages | $29,228,667|
Miscellaneous expenses | $1,651,603,535|
Cost of materials used | $9,497,619,851|
Value of products, including | |
custom work and repairing. |$16,866,706,985|
=========================================+===============+
-----------------------------------------+---------------------
|Per cent of Increase.
+------+------+------+
| 1850 | 1860 | 1870 |
| to | to | to |
| 1860 | 1870 | 1880 |
-----------------------------------------+------+------+------+
Number of establishments | 14.1 | 79.6| 0.7 |
Capital | 89.4 | 109.3| 31.7 |
Salaried officials, clerks, etc., Number | -- | -- | -- |
Salaries | -- | -- | -- |
Wage-earners, average number | 37.0 | 56.6| 33.0 |
Total wages | 60.0 | 104.7| 22.2 |
Men, 16 years and over | 42.3 | 55.3| 25.0 |
Wages | -- | -- | -- |
Women, 16 years and over | 19.9 | 19.5| 64.2 |
Wages | -- | -- | -- |
Children, under 16 years | -- | -- | 58.7 |
Wages | -- | -- | -- |
Miscellaneous expenses | -- | -- | -- |
Cost of materials used | 85.8 | 141.2| 36.5 |
Value of products, including | | | |
custom work and repairing. | 85.1 | 124.4| 26.9 |
=========================================+======+======+======+
-----------------------------------------+-----------------------
|Per cent of Increase.
+--------+--------+-----
| 1880 | 1890 | 1900
| to | to | to
| 1890 | 1900 | 1910
-----------------------------------------+--------+--------+-----
Number of establishments | 40.0 | 44.1 | 4.2
Capital |133.9 | 50.5 | 41.3
Salaried officials, clerks, etc., Number | -- | 13.9[T]| 42.7
Salaries | -- | 3.0 | 50.9
Wage-earners, average number | 55.6 | 24.9 | 15.9
Total wages | 99.5 | 22.8 | 29.8
Men, 16 years and over | 64.8 | 23.5 | 16.6
Wages | -- | 21.5 | 30.4
Women, 16 years and over | 51.2 | 28.1 | 16.0
Wages | -- | 30.0 | 27.5
Children, under 16 years | 33.6[T]| 39.5 | 0.9
Wages | -- | 54.3 | 13.9
Miscellaneous expenses | -- | 62.8 | 60.7
Cost of materials used | 52.0 | 42.3 | 29.3
Value of products, including | | |
custom work and repairing. | 74.5 | 38.8 | 29.7
=========================================+========+========+=====
[Q] Includes, for comparative purposes, 85 governmental
establishments in the District of Columbia having products
valued at $9,887,355, the statistics of such establishments for
1890 not being separable. Totals for 1900 and 1905 are exclusive
of statistics for governmental establishments and for Hawaii.
[R] Includes proprietors and firm members, with their salaries;
number only reported in 1900, but not included in this table.
[S] Not reported separately.
[T] Decrease.
[U] Not reported.
Manufactures in the U. S.: Gross and Net Values of Products, Census 297
Years 1900 and 1905, by Industry Groups.
The gross value of manufactures as reported by the census contains
many duplications because the finished products of some factories
frequently become the material for other factories. In this way not
only one but several duplications of the cost of materials often
occur. The net value of productions eliminates these duplications by
deducting from the gross value the cost of all materials which have
undergone any process of manufacture covered by the census reports on
manufactures. For further explanation of the relation of “gross” and
“net” values, see page 211.
[From reports of the Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce and Labor.]
==================================+========================================+
| 1900.[V] |
+--------------------+-------------------+
Group. | Gross. | Net. |
+--------------+-----+-------------+-----+
| Value. |Rank.| Value. |Rank.|
| Dollars. | | Dollars. | |
----------------------------------+--------------+-----+-------------+-----+
Food and kindred products | 2,273,880,874| 1 |1,750,811,817| 1 |
Textiles | 1,637,484,484| 3 |1,081,961,248| 2 |
Iron and steel and their products | 1,793,490,908| 2 | 983,821,918| 3 |
Lumber and its remanufactures | 1,030,695,350| 5 | 547,227,860| 6 |
Leather and its finished products | 583,731,046| 9 | 329,614,996| 11 |
Paper and printing | 606,317,768| 8 | 419,798,101| 7 |
Liquors and beverages | 425,504,167| 12 | 349,157,618| 10 |
Chemicals and allied products | 552,797,877| 10 | 372,538,857| 8 |
Clay, glass, and stone products | 293,564,235| 13 | 245,447,118| 14 |
Metals and metal products,
other than iron & steel | 748,795,464| 7 | 371,154,446| 9 |
Tobacco | 283,076,546| 14 | 264,052,573| 12 |
Vehicles for land transportation | 508,524,510| 11 | 250,622,377| 13 |
Shipbuilding | 74,578,158| 15 | 42,492,518| 15 |
Miscellaneous industries | 1,004,092,294| 6 | 638,191,538| 5 |
Hand trades | 1,183,615,478| 4 | 721,104,859| 4 |
----------------------------------+--------------+-----+-------------+-----+
Total |13,000,149,159| -- |8,367,997,844| -- |
----------------------------------+--------------+-----+-------------+-----+
==================================+=========================================
| 1905.
+--------------------+--------------------
Group. | Gross. | Net.
+--------------+-----+--------------+-----
| Value. |Rank.| Value. |Rank.
| Dollars. | | Dollars. |
----------------------------------+--------------+-----+--------------+-----
Food and kindred products | 2,845,234,900| 1 | 2,176,489,626| 1
Textiles | 2,147,441,418| 3 | 1,397,009,940| 2
Iron and steel and their products | 2,176,739,726| 2 | 1,239,490,273| 3
Lumber and its remanufactures | 1,223,730,336| 4 | 805,315,333| 4
Leather and its finished products | 705,747,470| 9 | 401,011,414| 10
Paper and printing | 857,112,256| 8 | 596,872,350| 7
Liquors and beverages | 501,266,605| 11 | 431,735,208| 9
Chemicals and allied products | 1,031,965,263| 5 | 714,489,549| 5
Clay, glass, and stone products | 391,230,422| 12 | 334,971,057| 11
Metals and metal products,
other than iron & steel | 922,262,456| 7 | 442,912,699| 8
Tobacco | 331,117,681| 13 | 307,100,175| 13
Vehicles for land transportation | 643,924,442| 10 | 324,109,901| 12
Shipbuilding | 82,769,239| 14 | 46,707,258| 14
Miscellaneous industries | 941,604,873| 6 | 602,990,604| 6
Hand trades | [W] | [W] | [W] | [W]
----------------------------------+--------------+-----+--------------+-----
Total |14,802,147,087| -- | 9,821,205,387| --
----------------------------------+--------------+-----+--------------+-----
[V] The figures of production for 1900 exclude 10 lumber
establishments reported for Alaska with products valued at
$4,250,984.
[W] “Hand trades” not included in the Census of 1905.
Manufactures: Percentage Distribution, by Groups of States, Census 298
Years 1850 to 1905.
[From reports of the Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce and
Labor.]
=====================+==========+========+===============+
| | | Wage-earners. |
Group of States and |Establish-|Capital.+-------+-------+
census years.[X] | ments. | |Average| |
| | |number.| Wages.|
---------------------+----------+--------+-------+-------+
| Per | Per | Per | Per |
| cent. | cent. | cent. | cent. |
| | | | |
New England States: | | | | |
1850 | 18.3 | 31.1 | 32.7 | 31.8 |
1860 | 14.7 | 25.5 | 29.9 | 27.5 |
1870 | 12.8 | 23.1 | 25.7 | 27.2 |
1880 | 12.4 | 22.4 | 23.7 | 23.9 |
1890 | 13.6 | 18.0 | 19.3 | 19.0 |
1900 | 10.9 | 16.8 | 18.1 | 18.3 |
1905 | 10.3 | 14.7 | 17.2 | 16.8 |
Middle States: | | | | |
1850 | 43.9 | 44.2 | 43.9 | 44.3 |
1860 | 37.9 | 43.1 | 41.6 | 40.2 |
1870 | 34.7 | 42.7 | 39.2 | 41.4 |
1880 | 35.3 | 42.1 | 41.7 | 42.8 |
1890 | 35.2 | 39.2 | 38.5 | 40.8 |
1900 | 34.1 | 40.7 | 36.6 | 38.4 |
1905 | 33.6 | 39.5 | 36.7 | 37.3 |
Southern States: | | | | |
1850 | 16.7 | 12.6 | 11.5 | 9.5 |
1860 | 17.2 | 11.5 | 10.1 | 9.2 |
1870 | 15.4 | 6.6 | 9.1 | 5.8 |
1880 | 14.6 | 6.9 | 8.2 | 5.6 |
1890 | 13.1 | 7.8 | 9.7 | 7.1 |
1900 | 15.1 | 9.0 | 13.3 | 9.2 |
1905 | 15.3 | 11.0 | 14.0 | 10.7 |
Central States: | | | | |
1850 | 20.2 | 11.8 | 11.5 | 12.7 |
1860 | 23.4 | 17.1 | 14.2 | 14.9 |
1870 | 33.5 | 24.4 | 23.8 | 22.6 |
1880 | 32.3 | 25.1 | 23.6 | 24.1 |
1890 | 31.8 | 29.7 | 28.2 | 27.6 |
1900 | 32.0 | 27.8 | 27.4 | 28.3 |
1905 | 31.3 | 28.2 | 27.0 | 28.4 |
Western States: | | | | |
1850 | [Y] | [Y] | [Y] | [Y] |
1860 | .5 | .4 | .3 | .4 |
1870 | 1.5 | 1.0 | .8 | 1.1 |
1880 | 2.6 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 |
1890 | 3.2 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 2.2 |
1900 | 3.9 | 2.9 | 2.0 | 2.5 |
1905 | 4.2 | 3.2 | 2.1 | 2.7 |
Pacific States: | | | | |
1850 | .9 | .3 | .4 | 1.7 |
1860 | 6.3 | 2.4 | 3.9 | 7.8 |
1870 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 1.9 |
1880 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 2.5 |
1890 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 2.5 | 3.3 |
1900 | 4.0 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 3.2 |
1905 | 5.2 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 4.1 |
Alaska: | | | | |
1890 | [Y] | [Y] | [Y] | [Y] |
1900 | [Y] | .1 | [Y] | .1 |
1905 | .1 | .1 | [Y] | [Y] |
---------------------+----------+--------+-------+-------+
=====================+=========+=========+=========
| | |
Group of States and | Miscel- | Cost of | Value
census years.[X] | laneous |materials| of
|expenses.| used. |products.
---------------------+---------+---------+---------
| Per | Per | Per
| cent. | cent. | cent.
| | |
New England States: | | |
1850 | -- | 27.6 | 27.8
1860 | -- | 23.8 | 24.8
1870 | -- | 24.3 | 23.8
1880 | -- | 19.4 | 20.6
1890 | 15.7 | 15.3 | 16.0
1900 | 12.2 | 13.8 | 14.6
1905 | 11.5 | 13.1 | 13.7
Middle States: | | |
1850 | -- | 47.9 | 46.4
1860 | -- | 43.1 | 42.5
1870 | -- | 41.7 | 41.8
1880 | -- | 41.1 | 41.3
1890 | 36.3 | 38.1 | 38.9
1900 | 39.1 | 37.6 | 38.1
1905 | 38.7 | 37.0 | 37.3
Southern States: | | |
1850 | -- | 9.5 | 9.9
1860 | -- | 10.6 | 10.3
1870 | -- | 6.5 | 6.6
1880 | -- | 6.3 | 6.3
1890 | 8.2 | 7.4 | 7.5
1900 | 9.1 | 8.6 | 8.9
1905 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.5
Central States: | | |
1850 | -- | 14.5 | 14.3
1860 | -- | 19.5 | 18.1
1870 | -- | 24.9 | 24.9
1880 | -- | 29.4 | 28.0
1890 | 34.7 | 32.5 | 31.4
1900 | 35.6 | 31.4 | 30.9
1905 | 34.3 | 30.7 | 30.5
Western States: | | |
1850 | -- | .1 | .1
1860 | -- | .2 | .4
1870 | -- | 1.0 | 1.1
1880 | -- | 1.4 | 1.4
1890 | 2.4 | 3.6 | 3.0
1900 | 1.9 | 5.2 | 4.3
1905 | 2.4 | 5.3 | 4.3
Pacific States: | | |
1850 | -- | .4 | 1.5
1860 | -- | 2.8 | 3.9
1870 | -- | 1.6 | 1.8
1880 | -- | 2.4 | 2.4
1890 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 3.2
1900 | 2.1 | 3.4 | 3.2
1905 | 2.9 | 3.7 | 3.7
Alaska: | | |
1890 | [Y] | [Y] | [Y]
1900 | [Y] | [Y] | [Y]
1905 | .1 | [Y] | [Y]
---------------------+---------+---------+---------
[X] New England States: Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont,
Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut. Middle States: New
York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, District of
Columbia. Southern States: Virginia, West Virginia, North
Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Kentucky, Tennessee,
Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, Indian Territory,
Oklahoma, Texas. Central States: Ohio, Michigan, Indiana,
Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri. Western States:
Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska,
Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Kansas, Arizona, New Mexico. Pacific
States: Washington, Oregon, California.
[Y] Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent.
Summary of Manufactures in the U. S., by States and Territories, 299
Census Years 1900 and 1905.
[From reports of the Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce and Labor.]
=================+======+==========+==============+=======================+
| | | | Wage-earners. |
State or |Census|Number of | +---------+-------------+
Territory. | year.|establish-| Capital. | Average | Total |
| | ments. | | number. | wages. |
| | | | | |
-----------------+------+----------+--------------+---------+-------------+
| | | Dollars. | | Dollars. |
United States | 1900 | 207,562 | 8,978,825,200|4,715,023|2,009,735,799|
| 1905 | 216,262 |12,686,265,673|5,470,321|2,611,540,532|
=================+======+==========+==============+=========+=============+
Alabama | 1900 | 2,000 | 60,165,904| 52,711| 14,911,683|
| 1905 | 1,882 | 105,382,859| 62,173| 21,878,451|
Alaska | 1900 | 48 | 3,568,704| 2,260| 1,374,680|
| 1905 | 82 | 10,684,799| 1,938| 1,095,579|
Arizona | 1900 | 154 | 9,517,578| 3,126| 2,287,352|
| 1905 | 169 | 14,395,654| 4,793| 3,969,248|
Arkansas | 1900 | 1,746 | 25,384,636| 31,525| 10,184,154|
| 1905 | 1,907 | 46,306,116| 33,089| 14,543,635|
California | 1900 | 4,997 | 175,467,806| 77,224| 39,889,997|
| 1905 | 6,839 | 282,647,201| 100,355| 64,656,686|
Colorado | 1900 | 1,323 | 58,172,865| 19,498| 11,707,566|
| 1905 | 1,606 | 107,663,500| 21,813| 15,100,365|
Connecticut | 1900 | 3,382 | 299,206,925| 159,733| 73,394,062|
| 1905 | 3,477 | 373,283,580| 181,605| 87,942,628|
Delaware | 1900 | 633 | 38,791,402| 20,562| 8,457,003|
| 1905 | 631 | 50,925,630| 18,475| 8,158,203|
Dist. of Columbia| 1900 | 491 | 17,960,498| 6,155| 3,022,906|
| 1905 | 482 | 20,199,783| 6,299| 3,658,370|
Florida | 1900 | 1,275 | 25,682,171| 35,471| 10,916,443|
| 1905 | 1,413 | 32,971,982| 42,091| 15,767,182|
Georgia | 1900 | 3,015 | 79,303,316| 83,336| 19,958,153|
| 1905 | 3,219 | 135,211,551| 92,749| 27,392,442|
Idaho | 1900 | 287 | 2,130,112| 1,552| 818,239|
| 1905 | 364 | 9,689,445| 3,061| 2,059,391|
Illinois | 1900 | 14,374 | 732,829,771| 332,871| 159,104,179|
| 1905 | 14,921 | 975,844,799| 379,436| 208,405,468|
Indian Territory | 1900 | 179 | 1,591,953| 1,087| 379,188|
| 1905 | 466 | 5,016,654| 2,257| 1,144,078|
Indiana | 1900 | 7,128 | 219,321,080| 139,017| 59,280,131|
| 1905 | 7,044 | 312,071,234| 154,174| 72,058,099|
Iowa | 1900 | 4,828 | 85,667,334| 44,420| 18,020,653|
| 1905 | 4,785 | 111,427,429| 49,481| 22,997,053|
Kansas | 1900 | 2,299 | 59,458,256| 27,119| 12,802,096|
| 1905 | 2,475 | 88,680,117| 35,570| 18,883,071|
Kentucky | 1900 | 3,648 | 87,995,822| 51,735| 18,454,252|
| 1905 | 3,734 | 147,282,478| 59,794| 24,438,684|
Louisiana | 1900 | 1,826 | 100,874,729| 40,878| 14,725,437|
| 1905 | 2,091 | 150,810,608| 55,859| 25,315,750|
Maine | 1900 | 2,878 | 114,007,715| 69,914| 25,730,735|
| 1905 | 3,145 | 143,707,750| 74,958| 32,691,759|
Maryland | 1900 | 3,886 | 149,155,313| 94,170| 32,414,429|
| 1905 | 3,852 | 201,877,966| 94,174| 36,144,244|
Massachusetts | 1900 | 10,929 | 781,867,715| 438,234| 195,278,276|
| 1905 | 10,723 | 965,948,887| 488,399| 232,388,946|
Michigan | 1900 | 7,310 | 246,996,529| 155,800| 62,531,812|
| 1905 | 7,446 | 337,894,102| 175,229| 81,278,837|
Minnesota | 1900 | 4,096 | 133,076,669| 64,557| 29,029,190|
| 1905 | 4,756 | 184,903,271| 69,636| 35,843,145|
Mississippi | 1900 | 1,294 | 22,712,186| 26,799| 7,909,607|
| 1905 | 1,520 | 50,256,309| 38,690| 14,819,034|
Missouri | 1900 | 6,853 | 223,781,088| 107,704| 46,713,734|
| 1905 | 6,464 | 379,368,827| 133,167| 66,644,126|
Montana | 1900 | 395 | 38,224,915| 9,854| 7,376,822|
| 1905 | 382 | 52,589,810| 8,957| 8,652,217|
Nebraska | 1900 | 1,695 | 65,906,052| 18,669| 8,842,429|
| 1905 | 1,819 | 80,235,310| 20,260| 11,022,149|
Nevada | 1900 | 99 | 1,251,208| 504| 352,606|
| 1905 | 115 | 2,891,997| 802| 693,407|
New Hampshire | 1900 | 1,771 | 92,146,025| 67,646| 25,849,631|
| 1905 | 1,618 | 109,495,072| 65,366| 27,693,203|
New Jersey | 1900 | 6,415 | 477,301,565| 213,975| 95,164,913|
| 1905 | 7,010 | 715,060,174| 266,336| 128,168,801|
New Mexico | 1900 | 174 | 2,160,718| 2,490| 1,199,496|
| 1905 | 199 | 4,638,248| 3,478| 2,153,068|
New York | 1900 | 35,957 | 1,523,502,651| 726,909| 337,323,585|
| 1905 | 37,194 | 2,031,459,515| 856,947| 430,014,851|
North Carolina | 1900 | 3,465 | 68,283,005| 72,322| 14,051,784|
| 1905 | 3,272 | 141,000,639| 85,339| 21,375,294|
North Dakota | 1900 | 337 | 3,511,968| 1,358| 671,321|
| 1905 | 507 | 5,703,837| 1,755| 1,031,307|
Ohio | 1900 | 13,868 | 570,908,968| 308,109| 136,427,579|
| 1905 | 13,785 | 856,988,830| 364,298| 182,429,425|
Oklahoma | 1900 | 316 | 2,462,438| 1,294| 514,879|
| 1905 | 657 | 11,107,763| 3,199| 1,655,324|
Oregon | 1900 | 1,406 | 28,359,089| 14,459| 6,822,011|
| 1905 | 1,602 | 44,023,548| 18,523| 11,443,512|
Pennsylvania | 1900 | 23,462 | 1,449,814,740| 663,960| 296,875,548|
| 1905 | 23,495 | 1,995,836,988| 763,282| 367,960,890|
Rhode Island | 1900 | 1,678 | 176,901,606| 88,197| 35,995,101|
| 1905 | 1,617 | 215,901,375| 97,318| 43,112,637|
South Carolina | 1900 | 1,369 | 62,750,027| 47,025| 9,130,269|
| 1905 | 1,399 | 113,422,224| 59,441| 13,868,950|
South Dakota | 1900 | 624 | 6,051,288| 2,224| 1,129,787|
| 1905 | 686 | 7,585,142| 2,492| 1,421,680|
Tennessee | 1900 | 3,116 | 63,140,657| 45,963| 14,727,506|
| 1905 | 3,175 | 102,439,481| 60,572| 22,805,628|
Texas | 1900 | 3,107 | 63,655,616| 38,604| 16,911,681|
| 1905 | 3,158 | 115,664,871| 49,066| 24,468,942|
Utah | 1900 | 575 | 13,219,039| 5,413| 2,762,522|
| 1905 | 606 | 26,004,011| 8,052| 5,157,400|
Vermont | 1900 | 1,938 | 43,499,633| 28,179| 11,426,548|
| 1905 | 1,699 | 62,658,741| 33,106| 15,221,059|
Virginia | 1900 | 3,186 | 92,299,589| 66,223| 20,273,889|
| 1905 | 3,187 | 147,989,182| 80,285| 27,943,058|
Washington | 1900 | 1,926 | 41,574,744| 31,523| 17,065,140|
| 1905 | 2,751 | 96,952,621| 45,199| 30,087,287|
West Virginia | 1900 | 1,824 | 49,103,138| 33,080| 12,639,856|
| 1905 | 2,109 | 86,820,823| 43,758| 21,153,042|
Wisconsin | 1900 | 7,841 | 286,060,566| 137,525| 55,695,816|
| 1905 | 8,558 | 412,647,051| 151,391| 71,471,805|
Wyoming | 1900 | 139 | 2,047,883| 2,060| 1,209,123|
| 1905 | 169 | 2,695,889| 1,834| 1,261,122|
-----------------+------+----------+--------------+---------+-------------+
=================+======+==============+==============
| | | Value of
State or |Census| Cost of | products,
Territory. | year.| materials | including
| | used. | custom work
| | |and repairing.
-----------------+------+--------------+--------------
| | Dollars. | Dollars.
United States | 1900 | 6,577,614,074|11,411,121,122
| 1905 | 8,503,949,756|14,802,147,087
=================+======+==============+==============
Alabama | 1900 | 37,998,233| 72,109,929
| 1905 | 60,458,368| 109,169,922
Alaska | 1900 | 1,762,583| 4,194,421
| 1905 | 3,741,946| 8,244,524
Arizona | 1900 | 7,876,542| 20,438,987
| 1905 | 14,595,057| 28,083,192
Arkansas | 1900 | 18,288,045| 39,887,578
| 1905 | 21,799,346| 53,864,394
California | 1900 | 164,894,269| 257,385,521
| 1905 | 215,726,414| 367,218,494
Colorado | 1900 | 60,750,784| 89,067,879
| 1905 | 63,114,397| 100,143,999
Connecticut | 1900 | 169,671,648| 315,106,150
| 1905 | 191,801,881| 369,082,091
Delaware | 1900 | 24,725,317| 41,321,061
| 1905 | 24,883,806| 41,160,276
Dist. of Columbia| 1900 | 7,475,216| 16,426,408
| 1905 | 7,731,971| 18,359,159
Florida | 1900 | 12,847,187| 34,183,509
| 1905 | 16,532,439| 50,298,290
Georgia | 1900 | 49,356,296| 94,532,368
| 1905 | 83,624,504| 151,040,455
Idaho | 1900 | 1,438,868| 3,001,442
| 1905 | 4,068,523| 8,768,743
Illinois | 1900 | 681,450,122| 1,120,868,308
| 1905 | 840,057,316| 1,410,342,129
Indian Territory | 1900 | 1,697,829| 2,629,067
| 1905 | 4,848,646| 7,909,451
Indiana | 1900 | 195,162,566| 337,071,630
| 1905 | 220,507,007| 393,954,405
Iowa | 1900 | 85,778,867| 132,870,865
| 1905 | 102,843,892| 160,572,313
Kansas | 1900 | 120,737,677| 154,008,544
| 1905 | 156,509,949| 198,244,992
Kentucky | 1900 | 67,406,202| 126,508,660
| 1905 | 86,545,464| 159,753,968
Louisiana | 1900 | 75,403,937| 111,397,919
| 1905 | 117,035,305| 186,379,592
Maine | 1900 | 61,210,327| 112,959,098
| 1905 | 80,042,090| 144,020,197
Maryland | 1900 | 129,354,412| 211,076,143
| 1905 | 150,024,066| 243,375,996
Massachusetts | 1900 | 498,655,033| 907,626,439
| 1905 | 626,410,431| 1,124,092,051
Michigan | 1900 | 175,966,128| 319,691,856
| 1905 | 230,080,931| 429,120,060
Minnesota | 1900 | 150,299,277| 223,692,922
| 1905 | 210,553,949| 307,858,073
Mississippi | 1900 | 16,543,029| 33,718,517
| 1905 | 25,800,885| 57,451,445
Missouri | 1900 | 184,189,030| 316,304,095
| 1905 | 252,258,417| 439,548,957
Montana | 1900 | 30,068,101| 52,744,997
| 1905 | 40,930,060| 66,415,452
Nebraska | 1900 | 95,925,178| 130,302,453
| 1905 | 124,051,628| 154,918,220
Nevada | 1900 | 662,284| 1,261,005
| 1905 | 1,627,776| 3,096,274
New Hampshire | 1900 | 60,163,380| 107,590,803
| 1905 | 73,216,387| 123,610,904
New Jersey | 1900 | 334,726,094| 553,005,684
| 1905 | 470,449,176| 774,369,025
New Mexico | 1900 | 1,998,593| 4,060,924
| 1905 | 2,235,934| 5,705,880
New York | 1900 | 1,018,377,186| 1,871,830,872
| 1905 | 1,348,603,286| 2,488,345,579
North Carolina | 1900 | 44,854,224| 85,274,083
| 1905 | 79,268,004| 142,520,776
North Dakota | 1900 | 4,150,860| 6,259,840
| 1905 | 7,095,986| 10,217,914
Ohio | 1900 | 409,302,501| 748,670,855
| 1905 | 527,636,585| 960,811,857
Oklahoma | 1900 | 3,732,618| 5,504,869 300
| 1905 | 11,545,306| 16,549,656
Oregon | 1900 | 20,788,833| 36,592,714
| 1905 | 30,596,763| 55,525,123
Pennsylvania | 1900 | 958,301,272| 1,649,882,380
| 1905 | 1,142,942,707| 1,955,551,332
Rhode Island | 1900 | 87,951,780| 165,550,382
| 1905 | 112,872,261| 202,109,583
South Carolina | 1900 | 30,485,861| 53,335,811
| 1905 | 49,968,626| 79,376,262
South Dakota | 1900 | 6,483,677| 9,529,946
| 1905 | 8,696,831| 13,085,333
Tennessee | 1900 | 54,559,039| 92,749,129
| 1905 | 79,351,746| 137,960,476
Texas | 1900 | 54,388,303| 92,894,433
| 1905 | 91,603,630| 150,528,389
Utah | 1900 | 11,440,250| 17,981,648
| 1905 | 24,939,827| 38,926,464
Vermont | 1900 | 26,384,812| 51,515,228
| 1905 | 32,429,852| 63,083,611
Virginia | 1900 | 59,359,484| 108,644,150
| 1905 | 83,649,149| 148,856,525
Washington | 1900 | 38,276,944| 70,831,345
| 1905 | 66,166,165| 128,821,667
West Virginia | 1900 | 37,228,253| 67,006,822
| 1905 | 54,419,206| 99,040,676
Wisconsin | 1900 | 185,695,393| 326,752,878
| 1905 | 227,255,092| 411,139,681
Wyoming | 1900 | 1,369,730| 3,268,555
| 1905 | 1,300,773| 3,523,260
-----------------+------+--------------+--------------
Chief Manufacturing Industries of the United States, Showing Sums Paid 301
in Wages, Number of Employes, Capital Invested and Value of Product,
1880 to 1905.
[From reports of the Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce and
Labor.]
================================+======+==========+==============+
| | | |
|Census|Number of | +
Industry. | yr. |establish-| Capital. |
| | ments. | |
| | | |
--------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+
| | | Dollars. |
Agricultural implements | 1880 | 1,943 | 62,109,668|
| 1890 | 910 | 145,313,997|
| 1900 | 715 | 157,707,951|
| 1905 | 648 | 196,740,700|
| | | |
Boots and shoes | 1880 | 1,959 | 42,994,028|
| 1890 | 2,082 | 95,282,311|
| 1900 | 1,599 | 99,819,233|
| 1905 | 1,316 | 122,526,093|
| | | |
Bread and other bakery | 1880 | 6,396 | 19,155,286|
products | 1890 | 10,484 | 45,758,489|
| 1900 | 14,836 | 80,901,926|
| 1905 | 18,227 | 122,363,327|
| | | |
Carriages and wagons | 1880 | 3,841 | 37,973,493|
| 1890 | 4,572 | 93,455,257|
| 1900 | 6,204 | 109,875,885|
| 1905 | 4,956 | 126,320,604|
| | | |
Cars, shop construction and | 1890 | 716 | 76,192,477|
repairs by steam railroad | 1900 | 1,293 | 119,580,273|
companies | 1905 | 1,141 | 146,943,729|
| | | |
Cars, shop construction and | 1890 | 78 | 2,351,162|
repairs by street railway | 1900 | 108 | 10,781,939|
companies | 1905 | 86 | 12,905,853|
| | | |
Cars, steam and street railroad,| 1880 | 130 | 9,272,680|
not including operations | 1890 | 88 | 46,109,625|
of railway companies | 1900 | 85 | 95,939,249|
| 1905 | 87 | 101,154,750|
| | | |
Cheese, butter and condensed | 1880 | 3,932 | 9,604,803|
milk | 1890 | 4,552 | 16,016,573|
| 1900 | 9,242 | 36,303,164|
| 1905 | 8,926 | 47,255,556|
| | | |
Chemicals | 1880 | 595 | 28,983,458|
| 1890 | 563 | 55,032,452|
| 1900 | 433 | 89,069,450|
| 1905 | 448 | 119,890,193|
| | | |
Clothing, men’s | 1880 | 6,166 | 79,861,696|
| 1890 | 4,867 | 128,253,547|
| 1900 | 5,729 | 120,547,851|
| 1905 | 4,504 | 153,177,500|
| | | |
Clothing, women’s | 1880 | 562 | 8,207,273|
| 1890 | 1,224 | 21,259,528|
| 1900 | 2,701 | 48,431,544|
| 1905 | 3,351 | 73,947,823|
| | | |
Confectionery | 1880 | 1,450 | 8,486,874|
| 1890 | 2,921 | 23,326,799|
| 1900 | 962 | 26,319,195|
| 1905 | 1,348 | 43,125,408|
| | | |
Cooperage | 1880 | 3,898 | 12,178,726|
| 1890 | 2,652 | 17,806,554|
| 1900 | 1,694 | 21,777,636|
| 1905 | 1,517 | 29,532,614|
| | | |
Cordage and twine | 1880 | 165 | 7,140,475|
| 1890 | 150 | 23,351,883|
| 1900 | 105 | 29,275,470|
| 1905 | 102 | 37,110,521|
| | | |
Cotton goods | 1880 | 1,005 | 219,504,794|
| 1890 | 905 | 354,020,843|
| 1900 | 1,055 | 467,240,157|
| 1905 | 1,154 | 613,110,655|
| | | |
Electrical machinery, | 1880 | 76 | 1,509,758|
apparatus and supplies | 1890 | 189 | 18,997,337|
| 1900 | 581 | 83,659,924|
| 1905 | 784 | 174,066,026|
| | | |
Flour and gristmill products | 1880 | 24,338 | 177,361,878|
| 1890 | 18,470 | 208,473,500|
| 1900 | 9,476 | 189,281,330|
| 1905 | 10,051 | 265,117,434|
| | | |
Foundry and machine shop | 1880 | 4,984 | 155,021,734|
products | 1890 | 6,500 | 383,257,473|
| 1900 | 9,316 | 663,414,323|
| 1905 | 9,428 | 936,416,978|
| | | |
Furnishing goods, men’s | 1880 | 161 | 3,724,664|
| 1890 | 586 | 12,299,011|
| 1900 | 457 | 20,575,961|
| 1905 | 547 | 28,043,584|
Furniture | 1880 | 5,227 | 44,946,128|
| 1890 | 1,919 | 80,780,939|
| 1900 | 1,814 | 104,484,394|
| 1905 | 2,482 | 152,712,732|
| | | |
Glass | 1880 | 169 | 18,804,599|
| 1890 | 294 | 40,966,850|
| 1900 | 355 | 61,423,903|
| 1905 | 399 | 89,389,151|
| | | |
Hardware | 1880 | 492 | 15,363,551|
| 1890 | 350 | 26,271,840|
| 1900 | 381 | 39,311,745|
| 1905 | 445 | 52,884,078|
| | | |
Jewelry | 1880 | 739 | 11,431,164|
| 1890 | 783 | 22,246,508|
| 1900 | 851 | 27,871,924|
| 1905 | 1,023 | 39,678,956|
| | | |
Leather, tanned, curried, and | 1880 | 5,628 | 73,383,911|
finished | 1890 | 1,787 | 98,088,698|
| 1900 | 1,306 | 173,977,421|
| 1905 | 1,049 | 242,584,254|
| | | |
Liquors, malt | 1880 | 2,191 | 91,208,224|
| 1890 | 1,248 | 232,471,290|
| 1900 | 1,507 | 413,767,233|
| 1905 | 1,531 | 515,636,792|
| | | |
Lumber and timber products | 1880 | 25,758 | 181,465,392|
| 1890 | 22,617 | 557,881,054|
| 1900 | 23,053 | 400,857,337|
| 1905 | 19,127 | 517,224,128|
| | | |
Lumber, planing-mill products, | 1880 | 2,491 | 38,070,593|
including sash, doors, | 1890 | 3,670 | 120,271,440|
and blinds | 1900 | 4,198 | 118,948,556|
| 1905 | 5,009 | 177,145,734|
| | | |
Marble and stone work | 1880 | 2,846 | 16,498,221|
| 1890 | 1,321 | 24,041,961|
| 1900 | 1,655 | 39,559,146|
| 1905 | 1,642 | 66,526,724|
| | | |
Paper and wood pulp | 1880 | 742 | 48,139,652|
| 1890 | 649 | 89,829,548|
| 1900 | 763 | 167,507,713|
| 1905 | 761 | 277,444,471|
| | | |
Petroleum, refining | 1890 | 94 | 77,416,296|
| 1900 | 67 | 95,327,892|
| 1905 | 98 | 136,280,541|
| | | |
Silk and silk goods | 1880 | 382 | 19,125,300|
| 1890 | 472 | 51,007,537|
| 1900 | 483 | 81,082,201|
| 1905 | 624 | 109,556,621|
| | | |
Slaughtering and meat packing, | 1880 | 872 | 49,419,213|
wholesale | 1890 | 611 | 98,190,766|
| 1900 | 557 | 173,866,377|
| 1905 | 559 | 219,818,627|
| | | |
Slaughtering, wholesale, not | 1890 | 507 | 18,696,738|
including meat packing | 1900 | 325 | 14,933,804|
| 1905 | 370 | 17,896,063|
| | | |
Smelting and refining, copper | 1900 | 47 | 53,063,395|
| 1905 | 40 | 76,824,640|
| | | |
Smelting and refining, lead | 1900 | 39 | 72,148,933|
| 1905 | 32 | 63,822,810|
| | | |
Structural ironwork | 1880 | 220 | 1,400,197|
| 1890 | 724 | 21,968,172|
| 1900 | 697 | 43,442,877|
| 1905 | 775 | 76,598,507|
| | | |
Sugar and molasses, refining | 1880 | 49 | 27,432,500|
| 1890 | 393 | 24,013,008|
| 1900 | 657 | 184,033,304|
| 1905 | 344 | 165,468,320|
| | | |
Tinware, copper-smithing, | 1880 | 7,693 | 23,167,392|
and sheet iron working | 1890 | 7,002 | 38,434,900|
| 1900 | 1,846 | 35,724,739|
| 1905 | 2,366 | 124,500,133|
| | | |
Tobacco, chewing and smoking, | 1880 | 477 | 17,207,401|
and snuff | 1890 | 395 | 30,841,316|
| 1900 | 437 | 43,856,570|
| 1905 | 433 | 178,847,556|
| | | |
Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes | 1880 | 7,145 | 21,698,549|
| 1890 | 10,956 | 59,517,827|
| 1900 | 14,522 | 67,660,748|
| 1905 | 16,395 | 145,135,945|
| | | |
Woolen goods | 1880 | 1,990 | 96,095,564|
| 1890 | 1,811 | 130,989,940|
| 1900 | 1,035 | 124,386,262|
| 1905 | 792 | 140,302,488|
| | | |
Worsted goods | 1880 | 76 | 20,374,043|
| 1890 | 143 | 68,085,116|
| 1900 | 186 | 132,168,110|
| 1905 | 226 | 162,464,929|
--------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+
================================+======+=====================+==============
| | Wage-earners. | Value of
|Census|--------+------------+ products,
Industry. | yr. | Average| Total | including
| | number.| wages. | custom work
| | | |and repairing.
--------------------------------+------+--------+------------+--------------
| | | Dollars. | Dollars.
Agricultural implements | 1880 | 39,580| 15,359,610| 68,640,486
| 1890 | 38,827| 18,107,094| 81,271,651
| 1900 | 46,582| 22,450,880| 101,207,428
| 1905 | 47,394| 25,002,650| 112,007,344
| | | |
Boots and shoes | 1880 | 111,152| 43,001,438| 166,050,354
| 1890 | 133,690| 60,667,145| 220,649,358
| 1900 | 141,830| 58,440,883| 258,969,580
| 1905 | 149,924| 69,059,680| 320,107,458
| | | |
Bread and other bakery | 1880 | 22,488| 9,411,328| 65,824,806
products | 1890 | 38,841| 19,120,529| 128,421,535
| 1900 | 60,192| 27,864,024| 175,368,682
| 1905 | 81,284| 43,179,822| 269,609,061
| | | |
Carriages and wagons | 1880 | 45,394| 18,988,615| 64,951,617
| 1890 | 56,525| 28,972,401| 102,680,341
| 1900 | 58,425| 27,578,046| 113,234,590
| 1905 | 60,722| 30,878,229| 125,332,976
| | | |
Cars, shop construction and | 1890 | 106,632| 60,213,433| 129,461,698
repairs by steam railroad | 1900 | 173,652| 96,062,329| 218,238,277
companies | 1905 | 236,900| 142,188,336| 309,863,499
| | | |
Cars, shop construction and | 1890 | 2,009| 1,411,205| 2,966,347
repairs by street railway | 1900 | 7,025| 4,404,593| 9,370,811
companies | 1905 | 11,052| 7,012,798| 13,437,121
| | | |
Cars, steam and street railroad,| 1880 | 14,232| 6,507,753| 27,997,591
not including operations | 1890 | 33,139| 17,168,099| 73,385,852
of railway companies | 1900 | 37,038| 18,938,170| 97,815,648
| 1905 | 38,788| 23,087,400| 122,019,506
| | | |
Cheese, butter and condensed | 1880 | 7,903| 1,548,495| 25,742,510
milk | 1890 | 12,219| 4,248,854| 60,635,705
| 1900 | 12,799| 6,145,561| 130,783,349
| 1905 | 15,557| 8,412,937| 168,182,789
| | | |
Chemicals | 1880 | 9,724| 4,222,663| 38,640,458
| 1890 | 15,038| 7,308,411| 59,352,548
| 1900 | 19,020| 9,393,236| 62,637,008
| 1905 | 24,525| 13,361,972| 92,088,378
| | | |
Clothing, men’s | 1880 | 160,813| 45,940,353| 209,548,460
| 1890 | 144,926| 51,075,837| 251,019,609
| 1900 | 120,927| 45,496,728| 276,717,357
| 1905 | 137,190| 57,225,506| 355,796,571
| | | |
Clothing, women’s | 1880 | 25,192| 6,661,005| 32,004,794
| 1890 | 39,149| 15,428,272| 68,164,019
| 1900 | 83,739| 32,586,101| 159,339,539
| 1905 | 115,705| 51,180,193| 247,661,560
| | | |
Confectionery | 1880 | 9,801| 3,242,852| 25,637,033
| 1890 | 21,724| 7,783,007| 55,997,101
| 1900 | 26,866| 8,020,453| 60,643,946
| 1905 | 36,239| 11,699,257| 87,087,253
| | | |
Cooperage | 1880 | 25,973| 8,992,603| 33,714,770
| 1890 | 22,555| 10,056,249| 38,617,956
| 1900 | 22,117| 8,786,428| 38,439,746
| 1905 | 21,149| 9,485,455| 49,424,394
| | | |
Cordage and twine | 1880 | 5,435| 1,558,676| 12,492,171
| 1890 | 12,385| 3,976,232| 38,812,559
| 1900 | 13,114| 4,113,112| 37,849,651
| 1905 | 14,614| 5,338,178| 48,017,139
| | | |
Cotton goods | 1880 | 185,472| 45,614,419| 210,950,383
| 1890 | 218,876| 66,024,538| 267,981,724
| 1900 | 302,861| 86,689,752| 339,200,820
| 1905 | 315,874| 96,205,796| 450,467,704
| | | |
Electrical machinery, | 1880 | 1,271| 683,164| 2,655,036
apparatus and supplies | 1890 | 8,802| 4,517,050| 19,114,714
| 1900 | 42,013| 20,579,194| 92,434,435
| 1905 | 60,466| 31,841,521| 140,809,369
| | | |
Flour and gristmill products | 1880 | 58,407| 17,422,316| 505,185,712
| 1890 | 47,403| 18,138,402| 513,971,474
| 1900 | 32,226| 16,285,163| 501,896,304
| 1905 | 39,110| 19,822,196| 713,033,395
| | | |
Foundry and machine shop | 1880 | 145,650| 66,093,920| 215,442,011
products | 1890 | 231,331| 129,282,263| 413,197,118
| 1900 | 350,103| 182,096,007| 644,456,216
| 1905 | 402,914| 229,869,297| 799,862,588
| | | |
Furnishing goods, men’s | 1880 | 11,174| 2,644,155| 11,506,357
| 1890 | 20,773| 6,078,036| 29,870,946
| 1900 | 30,322| 9,730,066| 44,346,482
| 1905 | 27,185| 8,760,108| 49,031,582
| | | |
Furniture | 1880 | 59,304| 23,695,080| 77,845,725
| 1890 | 72,869| 35,068,979| 111,743,080
| 1900 | 87,262| 35,632,523| 125,315,986
| 1905 | 110,133| 49,883,235| 170,446,825
| | | |
Glass | 1880 | 24,177| 9,144,100| 21,154,571
| 1890 | 44,892| 20,885,961| 41,051,004
| 1900 | 52,818| 27,084,710| 56,539,712
| 1905 | 63,969| 37,288,148| 79,607,998
| | | |
Hardware | 1880 | 16,801| 6,846,913| 22,653,693
| 1890 | 18,495| 8,656,067| 26,726,463
| 1900 | 26,463| 11,422,758| 35,846,656
| 1905 | 31,713| 14,580,589| 45,770,171
| | | |
Jewelry | 1880 | 12,697| 6,441,688| 22,201,621
| 1890 | 13,880| 8,038,327| 34,761,458
| 1900 | 20,468| 10,643,887| 46,128,659
| 1905 | 22,080| 12,592,846| 53,225,681
| | | |
Leather, tanned, curried, and | 1880 | 40,282| 16,503,828| 200,264,944
finished | 1890 | 42,392| 21,249,989| 172,136,092
| 1900 | 52,109| 22,591,091| 204,038,127
| 1905 | 57,239| 27,049,152| 252,620,986
| | | |
Liquors, malt | 1880 | 26,220| 12,198,053| 101,058,385
| 1890 | 30,257| 20,713,383| 182,731,622
| 1900 | 39,459| 25,776,468| 236,914,914
| 1905 | 48,139| 34,542,897| 298,358,732
| | | |
Lumber and timber products | 1880 | 148,290| 31,893,098| 233,608,886
| 1890 | 311,964| 87,934,284| 437,957,382
| 1900 | 413,335| 148,007,845| 555,197,271
| 1905 | 404,626| 183,021,519| 580,022,690
| | | |
Lumber, planing-mill products, | 1880 | 37,187| 14,431,654| 73,424,681
including sash, doors, | 1890 | 79,923| 42,221,856| 183,681,552
and blinds | 1900 | 73,510| 32,621,704| 167,786,122
| 1905 | 97,674| 50,713,607| 247,441,956
| | | |
Marble and stone work | 1880 | 21,471| 10,238,885| 31,415,150
| 1890 | 21,950| 15,314,598| 41,924,264
| 1900 | 30,641| 16,328,174| 42,230,457
| 1905 | 40,905| 25,032,725| 63,059,842
| | | |
Paper and wood pulp | 1880 | 25,631| 8,970,133| 57,366,860
| 1890 | 31,050| 13,204,828| 78,937,184
| 1900 | 49,646| 20,746,426| 127,326,162
| 1905 | 65,964| 32,019,212| 188,715,189
| | | |
Petroleum, refining | 1890 | 11,403| 5,872,467| 85,001,198
| 1900 | 12,199| 6,717,087| 123,929,384
| 1905 | 16,770| 9,989,367| 175,005,320
| | | |
Silk and silk goods | 1880 | 31,337| 9,146,705| 41,033,045
| 1890 | 49,382| 17,762,441| 87,298,454
| 1900 | 65,416| 20,982,194| 107,256,258
| 1905 | 79,601| 26,767,943| 133,288,072
| | | |
Slaughtering and meat packing, | 1880 | 27,297| 10,508,530| 303,562,413
wholesale | 1890 | 37,502| 20,304,029| 433,252,315
| 1900 | 64,681| 31,033,850| 697,056,065
| 1905 | 69,593| 37,090,399| 801,757,137
| | | |
Slaughtering, wholesale, not | 1890 | 6,473| 4,000,947| 128,359,353
including meat packing | 1900 | 3,705| 2,358,403| 86,723,126
| 1905 | 4,541| 3,236,573| 112,157,487
| | | |
Smelting and refining, copper | 1900 | 11,324| 8,529,021| 165,131,670
| 1905 | 12,752| 10,827,043| 240,780,216
| | | |
Smelting and refining, lead | 1900 | 8,319| 5,088,684| 175,466,304
| 1905 | 7,573| 5,374,691| 185,826,839
| | | |
Structural ironwork | 1880 | 1,934| 844,614| 3,410,086
| 1890 | 17,158| 10,235,701| 37,745,294
| 1900 | 24,903| 13,588,779| 66,927,305
| 1905 | 34,276| 19,760,210| 90,944,697
| | | |
Sugar and molasses, refining | 1880 | 5,857| 2,875,032| 155,484,915
| 1890 | 7,043| 2,385,654| 123,118,259
| 1900 | 14,129| 6,917,829| 239,711,011
| 1905 | 13,549| 7,575,650| 277,285,449
| | | |
Tinware, copper-smithing, | 1880 | 27,116| 11,243,276| 50,183,811
and sheet iron working | 1890 | 31,377| 15,610,265| 66,653,746
| 1900 | 28,315| 13,193,307| 63,812,787
| 1905 | 39,475| 20,608,179| 97,974,838
| | | |
Tobacco, chewing and smoking, | 1880 | 32,756| 6,419,024| 52,793,056
and snuff | 1890 | 29,790| 6,947,158| 65,843,587
| 1900 | 29,161| 7,109,821| 103,754,362
| 1905 | 23,990| 6,775,325| 116,767,630
| | | |
Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes | 1880 | 63,297| 18,464,562| 63,979,575
| 1890 | 87,000| 36,475,060| 129,693,275
| 1900 | 103,365| 40,865,510| 159,958,811
| 1905 | 135,418| 55,864,978| 214,350,051
| | | |
Woolen goods | 1880 | 86,504| 25,836,392| 160,606,721
| 1890 | 76,915| 26,139,194| 133,577,977
| 1900 | 68,893| 24,757,006| 118,430,158
| 1905 | 72,747| 28,827,556| 142,196,658
| | | |
Worsted goods | 1880 | 18,803| 5,683,027| 33,549,942
| 1890 | 42,978| 14,944,966| 79,194,652
| 1900 | 57,008| 20,092,738| 120,314,344
| 1905 | 69,251| 26,269,787| 165,745,052
--------------------------------+------+--------+------------+------------
The Textile Industries of the United States at Decennial Periods, 303
1850 to 1900.
[Compiled from Census Reports.]
=====================+=====+==========+=============+=========+
| | Number of| |Number of|
|Year.|establish-| Capital. | wage- |
| | ments. | | earners.|
---------------------+-----+----------+-------------+---------+
Wool manufacture[Z] | 1850| 1,760 | $ 32,516,366| 47,763 |
| 1860| 1,673 | 42,849,932| 59,522 |
| 1870| 3,456 | 132,382,319| 119,859 |
| 1880| 2,689 | 159,091,869| 161,557 |
| 1890| 2,489 | 296,494,481| 213,859 |
| 1900| 2,335 | 392,040,353| 242,495 |
| 1905| 2,292 | 477,525,222| 283,691 |
| | | | |
Cotton manufacture[A]| 1850| 1,094 | 74,500,931| 92,286 |
| 1860| 1,091 | 98,585,269| 122,028 |
| 1870| 956 | 140,706,291| 135,369 |
| 1880| 756 | 208,280,346| 174,659 |
| 1890| 905 | 354,020,842| 218,876 |
| 1900| 1,055 | 467,240,157| 802,861 |
| 1905| 1,154 | 613,110,655| 315,874 |
| | | | |
Silk manufacture | 1850| 67 | 678,300| 1,743 |
| 1860| 139 | 2,926,980| 5,435 |
| 1870| 86 | 6,231,130| 6,649 |
| 1880| 382 | 19,125,300| 31,337 |
| 1890| 472 | 51,007,537| 49,382 |
| 1900| 483 | 81,082,201| 65,416 |
| 1905| 624 | 109,556,621| 79,601 |
| | | | |
Dyeing and finishing | | | | |
textiles | 1850| 104 | 4,818,350| 5,105 |
| 1860| 124 | 5,718,671| 7,097 |
| 1870| 292 | 18,374,503| 13,066 |
| 1880| 191 | 26,223,981| 16,698 |
| 1890| 248 | 38,450,800| 19,601 |
| 1900| 298 | 60,643,104| 29,776 |
| 1905| 360 | 88,708,576| 35,563 |
| | | |
Flax, hemp and jute | 1890| 162 | 27,731,649| 15,519 |
| 1900| 141 | 41,991,762| 20,903 |
| 1905| 133 | 54,423,531| 24,508 |
| | | | |
Combined textiles | 1850| 3,025 | 112,513,947| 146,877 |
| 1860| 3,027 | 150,080,852| 194,082 |
| 1870| 4,790 | 297,694,243| 274,943 |
| 1880| 4,018 | 412,721,496| 384,251 |
| 1890| 4,276 | 767,705,310| 517,237 |
| 1900| 4,312 |1,042,997,577| 661,451 |
| 1905| 4,563 |1,343,324,605| 739,239 |
---------------------+-----+----------+-------------+---------+
=====================+=====+===========+===========+=============
| | | Cost of | Value of
|Year.| Wages. | materials.| products.
| | | |
---------------------+-----+-----------+-----------+-------------
Wool manufacture[Z] | 1850| -- |$29,246,696| $ 49,636,881
| 1860|$13,361,602| 46,649,365| 80,734,606
| 1870| 40,357,235|134,154,615| 217,668,826
| 1880| 47,389,087|164,371,551| 267,252,913
| 1890| 70,917,894|203,095,572| 337,768,524
| 1900| 82,292,444|232,230,986| 392,473,050
| 1905|102,333,548|319,154,878| 517,492,142
| | | |
Cotton manufacture[A]| 1850| -- | 34,835,056| 61,869,184
| 1860| 23,940,108| 57,285,534| 115,681,774
| 1870| 39,044,132|111,736,936| 177,489,789
| 1880| 42,040,510|102,206,347| 192,090,110
| 1890| 66,024,538|154,912,979| 267,981,724
| 1900| 86,689,752|176,551,527| 339,200,320
| 1905| 96,205,796|286,255,303| 450,467,704
| | |
Silk manufacture | 1850| -- | 1,093,866| 1,809,476
| 1860| 1,050,224| 3,901,777| 6,607,771
| 1870| 1,942,286| 7,817,559| 12,210,662
| 1880| 9,146,705| 22,467,701| 41,033,045
| 1890| 17,762,441| 51,004,425| 87,298,454
| 1900| 20,982,194| 62,406,665| 107,256,258
| 1905| 26,767,943| 75,861,188| 188,288,072
| | | |
Dyeing and finishing | | | |
textiles | 1850| -- | 11,540,347| 15,454,430
| 1860| 2,001,528| 5,005,435| 11,716,463
| 1870| 5,221,538| 99,539,992| 113,017,537
| 1880| 6,474,364| 13,664,295| 32,297,420
| 1890| 8,911,720| 12,385,220| 28,900,460
| 1900| 12,726,316| 17,958,137| 44,963,331
| 1905| 15,469,205| 19,621,253| 50,849,545
| | |
Flax, hemp and jute | 1890| 4,872,389| 26,148,344| 37,313,021
| 1900| 6,331,741| 32,197,885| 47,601,607
| 1905| 8,580,785| 44,890,546| 62,939,329
| | | |
Combined textiles | 1850| -- | 76,715,959| 128,769,971
| 1860| 40,353,462|112,842,111| 214,740,614
| 1870| 86,565,191|353,249,102| 520,386,764
| 1880|105,050,666|302,709,894| 532,673,488
| 1890|168,488,982|447,546,540| 759,262,283
| 1900|209,022,447|521,345,200| 931,494,566
| 1905|249,357,277|745,783,168|1,215,036,792
---------------------+-----+-----------+-----------+-------------
[Z] Includes hosiery and knit goods.
[A] Includes cotton small wares.