_Ex._ Knights and sea-kings; or, The Middle Ages.
The reason is that the book may be referred to by either title.
162. Retain in the author entry the first words of the title; let the
abridgement be made farther on.
Because (1) it facilitates library work, by rendering the
identification of the book quicker and surer; (2) if there is no
part of the title which must be given, two persons may abridge so
differently that not a single word shall be the same in the two
abridged titles, so that two works will be made out of one (I have
often known this to happen); (3) books are frequently referred to by
the first word of the title (Grassi’s “Notizie sullo stato presente
degli Stati Uniti” may be quoted as Grassi: Notizie). Short, however,
can probably not afford to retain first words in all cases. Half the
phrases used at the beginning of titles add little or nothing to the
meaning, such as “Treatise on,” “System of,” “Series of lectures on,”
“Practical hints on the quantitative pronunciation of Latin” (here
“Practical hints” belongs in the preface, not in the title, to which
it really adds nothing whatever). “History of” must often be retained
under the subject. One can say
YOUNG, _Sir_ W. Athens. 3d ed. London, 1804;
but under _Athens_ that would not be enough; it would be necessary to
write
YOUNG, _Sir_ W. History of Athens,
to distinguish it from such works as Stuart’s “Antiquities of Athens,”
and Leake’s “Topography of Athens.” But if there are enough titles
under Athens to admit of the subheadings _Art_, _Antiquities_,
_History_, the words “History of” again become unnecessary. Medium
ought always to retain first words under author, and _may_ omit them
under subject; but such phrases as “Manual of,” “Lectures on,” do much
to explain the character of the book, and for that reason ought often
to be retained.
Mottoes, however, at the top of the title-page (often separated
by a line from the real title) may be neglected. Sometimes such
superscriptions are important, generally not.
When the author’s name alone or his name and titles are first on the
title-page, as is frequently the case in old Latin and modern French
books, omit them. _Example_: Jani Jacobi Boissardi Vesuntini de
divinatione.
A custom has grown up of late, particularly in French publications,
of putting at the top of the title-page, before the title proper, the
name of the series to which the work belongs or else what might be
called the classification of the book. The name of the series should
be given in parentheses after the imprint. The cataloguer may retain
or omit the classification at his discretion. To avoid all possibility
of mistake Full will mark the omission of these words by ...
163. Do not by abridgment render the words retained false or
meaningless or ungrammatical.
(c.) MISCELLANEOUS RULES AND REMARKS.
164. In analyticals, if there are several entries under the author
referred to, give the first word or words of the title referred to, so
that the entry can easily be found; if there are few entries take one
or two words which unmistakably identify the book.
A word or two is enough[56] and those abbreviated if possible;[57]
but sometimes, when the article has an insufficient or no title it is
well to give more of the title of the book in which it is contained,
if that is more communicative; _e. g._, «Wordsworth, J.» Grammatical
introduction. (_In his_ Fragments of early Latin. 1874.), where “of
early Latin” explains “grammatical introduction.” The date should
always be given to show in what edition of the work the passage is
contained and also to what period the ideas belong. Giving the pages
facilitates reference. {72}
[note] 56. (_In_ «Mueller», F. M. Chips, v. 1. 1867.) _not_ (_In_
«Mueller», F. M. Chips from a German workshop, v. 1. 1867.)[/note]
[note] 57. (_In_ «Grævius.» Thes. Rom. antiq., v. 10. 1699.)[/note]
165. The title is to be copied, so far as it is copied, exactly.
Omissions may be made without giving notice to the reader, unless by
_etc._ when the sentence is manifestly unfinished.[58] Additions made
to a title are to be marked by inclosing the words in brackets [ ].[59]
All additions to be in the same language as the title; if this can not
be done, put the addition into a note.[60] After a word spelled wrongly
or unusually insert [_sic_].[61]
[note] 58. The use of ... is suited only to bibliographies. I do
not see why even Full should use this sign, except for very rare or
typographically-important books. The title in a catalogue is not
intended to be a substitute for the book itself and must leave some
questions to be answered by the latter. But if the ... are used they
should be printed as a group, separated from the word or punctuation
mark which they follow or precede by a slight space, as . ... or
... .[/note]
[note] 59. The use of [ ] is important, both as a check on
indiscriminate addition and as an aid to identification. It will not
often be of use in the latter respect, but as one can never tell when
it will be needed it must be employed always.[/note]
[note] 60. The intercalation of English words in a foreign title is
extremely awkward.[/note]
[note] 61. _Ex._ The beginning end [_sic_] end of drinking.[/note]
166. If the title-page is lost and the title can not be ascertained,
use the half-title or the running title, stating that fact; if the book
has neither, manufacture a title, putting it in brackets.
167. State in what language the book is written unless it is evident
from the title.
_Ex._ «Aelianus.» De natura animalium [Gr. et Lat.].
«Aeschines.» Orations on the crown [Gr.], with Eng. notes.
168. Retain in or add to the title of a translation words stating from
what language it was made, unless that is evident from the author’s
name or is shown by its position after the original title.
_Ex._ «Beckford», Wm. Vathek; [tr. fr. the French].
«Lessing», Gotthold Ephraim. Laocoon; tr. by E. Frothingham.
«Euripides.» Ἱππόλυτος στεφανηφόρος.
— _Eng._ The crowned Hippolytus; tr. by M. P. Fitz-Gerald.
169. In the entry of translations after the original give the
translated title, preceded by the name of the language of the version.
This is for the good of persons unacquainted with the original
language, who would not know the book by the foreign title, and also
to identify the book, different translations not always having the
same title.
«Sand», George. Le château des désertes.
— _Eng._ The castle in the wilderness.
— L’homme de neige.
— _Eng._ The snow man.
«Dante.» Divina commedia.
— _Eng._ Vision of hell, purgatory, and paradise; tr. by Cary.
— – Divine comedy; tr. by Cayley.
170. In anonymous titles entered under the first word put the
transposed article after the first phrase.
_Ex._ «Ame» en peine, Une, _not_ «Ame», Une, en peine. {73}