_a._ If English, under the last part of the name, when the first has
not been used alone by the author.
_Ex._ «Gould», Sabine Baring-; but «Halliwell» (_afterwards_
«Halliwell-Phillipps»), J. O., because the author wrote much under the
first name.
This rule secures uniformity; but, like all rules, it sometimes leads
to entries under headings where nobody would look for them. Refer.
_b._ If foreign, under the first part.
Both such compound names as «Gentil-Bernard» and such as «Gentil de
Chavagnac». There are various exceptions, when a name has been more
known under the last part, as «Fénelon», not «Salignac de Lamothe
Fénelon»; «Voltaire», not «Arouet de Voltaire»; «Sternberg», not
«Ungern-Sternberg». Moreover, it is not always easy to determine what
is a compound surname in French. A convenient rule would be to follow
the authority of Hœfer (Biog. gén.) and Quérard, in such cases, if
they always agreed; unfortunately, they often differ. References are
necessary whichever way one decides each case, especially when the
second part of a foreign compound name has been used alone, as «Merle
d’Aubigné» (enter under «Merle» with a reference from «Aubigné»).
In French a forename is sometimes joined to a surname by a hyphen. In
such cases make the entry under the family name with a reference from
the forename, _e. g._, entry, «Rochette», Désiré Raoul; reference,
«Raoul-Rochette». _See_ «Rochette».
_c._ In foreign compound names of women also, although the first part
is generally the maiden name and the second the husband’s name, the
entry should generally be under the first, with a reference from the
second. (_See_ 20, _c._)
_Ex._ «Rivé-King», with cross-reference from «King», _born_ «Rivé».