=acusar=, to accuse, to show
=al menos=, at least
=barca a motor= motor-boat
=barca automovil= motor-boat
=carriles, rieles, railes=, rails
=competidor, contrincante=, competitor, neighbour[98]
=condiciones=, terms
=contra=, against
=deprimir=, to depress
=descarga=, discharge, the discharging
=desgracia=, misfortune
=dias de estadia=, lay days
=dificultad=, difficulty
=elevar=, to raise, to enhance
=esta visto=, it is obvious
=evitar=, to avoid
=fletar=, to freight
=mar alborotada=, heavy sea
=mercado algodonero=, cotton market
=mina de carbon=, colliery
=*ofrecer=, to offer
=oscilacion=, uncertainty, wavering, ups and downs
=perturbar=, to disturb
=sorprendente=, surprising
=suma redonda=, lump sum
=*volcar=, to capsize, to overturn
[Footnote 98: Neighbour, _person living near_: vecino.]
EXERCISE 1 (23).
Translate into English--
1. Debido a la ultima baja que se ha verificado en este mercado, podemos
ofrecerles una reduccion de diez por ciento en los precios de esos
generos.
2. Esta visto que el gobierno de aquella republica no solo no se ocupa
de elevar el credito sino que tiene la desgracia de deprimirlo y de
perturbar el mercado bursatil (the money market).
3. Se ha repetido en esta la oscilacion que hubo en la semana pasada.
4. Los consolidados (the consolidated) han abierto a 82 y la Renta
Italiana a 101, habiendo bajado mas tarde aquellos a 81 1/2 y esta a
100.
5. El Amortizable 5% (the 5% Redeemable) subio hasta (to) 103.
6. La revista del mercado algodonero acusa una baja en los futures y la
de la Bolsa un alza en todos los valores extranjeros.
7. Esto es muy natural, aquello es sorprendente.
8. Yo le digo esto: lo hare.
9. Eso me conviene.
EXERCISE 2 (24).
Translate into Spanish--
1. We shall ship these iron beams and those steel rails by a sailing
vessel which we intend to (intentamos) freight at (por) a lump sum, with
at least ten lay days for discharging.
2. This will avoid any (toda) difficulty in that respect.
3. A German motor-boat was making this week a trial run (excursion de
prueba) in a (con la) heavy sea when she capsized (y se volco).
4. The net profits of this year show (muestran, acusan) an increase of
L1,000.
5. The working (la explotacion) of those collieries has resulted in a
loss.
6. Messrs. Brown & Co. of your city (de esa) have sent their agent over
(aqui) to make considerable purchases.
7. We hastened to submit to them our best terms offering a credit of
nine months against their acceptances.
8. These terms are better than those of our competitors. This is
certain.
LESSON XIII.
(Leccion decima tercera.)
RELATIVE PRONOUNS.
+------------+-----------+------------------------------------+
| _Sing._ | _Plu._ | |
+------------+-----------+------------------------------------+
|Quien |Quienes |(who, whom) |
|El cual |Los cuales |(who, whom _or_ which) |
|La cual |Las cuales | |
|Que | |(that) |
|Cuyo |Cuyos |(whose, _or_ of which (denoting |
|Cuya |Cuyas | possession)) |
+------------+-----------+------------------------------------+
_Quien_ is used for persons only.
_El cual_ and _que_ are used for persons and things.
EXAMPLES--
El agente a quien (_or_ al cual) hemos escrito: The agent to whom we
have written.
?Son aquellas las partidas de azucares de las cuales me hablo V. ayer?
Are those the lots of sugar of which you spoke to me yesterday?
Me acuerdo de las personas y las cosas que V. ha mencionado: I remember
the people and things that you mentioned.
El buque cuya tripulacion ha desembarcado: The ship whose crew has
landed.
El comerciante a cuyo hijo hemos conocido: The merchant whose son we
have known.
_Que_ is used very often instead of _quien_ and _el cual. Que_ is to be
preferred when the clause following is a mere complement of the
principal clause (preceding), and _Quien_ or _El cual_ only when the
following clause is considered not less in importance than the clause
preceding, viz., when it introduces _a new idea,[99] as--
?Ha visto V. al viajante que nos visito esta manana?
Have you seen the traveller who called on us this morning?
He conocido al banquero quien era hombre muy juicioso
y prudente: I knew the banker who was a very wise and
prudent man.
[Footnote 99: This is practically saying: after a comma, only the use
of the comma is so arbitrary that we preferred to explain the rule
fully.]
After _ser_ and a noun or pronoun, translate "who" by _quien_, as--
Es el (Carlos) quien me lo ha dicho: It is he (Charles) who told it to
me.
After a preposition translate "whom" by _quien_ (pl., _quienes_)[100],
and "which" by _el cual (la cual_, etc.).
[Footnote 100: "Que" is found but rarely.]
EXCEPTION--
After _a, con, de, en_, we can also translate "which" equally well by
_que_, or _el que, la que, los que, las que_.[101]
[Footnote 101: "Que" or "El que" is found also after other prepositions
but rarely.]
"Which" relating to a whole sentence is _lo cual_ or _lo que_
(naturally, because a whole sentence has no gender).
Instead of _cuyo_ we may use _de quien, del cual, de que, del que_, as--
El buque, la tripulacion del cual, de que, _or_ del que ha desembarcado:
The ship whose crew has landed.
El comerciante al hijo de quien, _or_ del cual hemos conocido: The
merchant whose son we have known.
"He who" is translated by _aquel que, el que_,[102] also _quien_.
"She who" is translated by _aquella que, la[102] que_, also _quien_.
"Those who" is translated by _aquellos que, los[102] que_, also
_quienes_.
[Footnote 102: See Lesson XII.]
=Relative Pronouns= cannot be left out, understood, in Spanish, as--
El hombre a quien, _or_ que vi: The man I saw.
Expressions as "The man I spoke to" must, of course, be rendered "The
man to whom I spoke" (El hombre a quien hable).
Expressions as "I recommend you Messrs. So-and-So than which no better
firm exists," are rendered "Le recomiendo a V. la casa de los Srs.
Fulanos de Tal que no la hay mejor (_or_ de la cual, _or_ de la que no
hay otra mejor)".
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
| _Subjunctive Mood, Imperfect Tense_. |
+-------------------+---------------+---------------+-----------------+
| =Haber=. | =Tener=. | =Ser=. | =Estar=. |
|Que yo hubiese |Tuviese (that I|Fuese (that I |Estuviese (that I|
| (that I might, | might, would,| might, would,| might, would, |
| would, or should| or should | or should | or should |
| have, etc.) | have, etc.) | be, etc.) | be, etc.) |
| " tu hubieses |Tuvieses |Fueses |Estuvieses |
| " el hubiese |Tuviese |Fuese |Estuviese |
| " nosotros |Tuviesemos |Fuesemos |Estuviesemos |
| hubiesemos | | | |
| " vosotros |Tuvieseis |Fueseis |Estuvieseis |
| hubieseis | | | |
| " ellos hubiesen |Tuviesen |Fuesen |Estuviesen |
+-------------------+---------------+---------------+-----------------+
VOCABULARY.
=amargo=, bitter
=armador de buques=, shipowner
=arreglar=, to arrange
=el bien=, the good
=buque, barco, navio=, boat
=cauto=, cautious
=*conocer=, to know through the senses, to be acquainted with
=deuda=, debt
=doloroso=, painful
=endosar=, to endorse
=ensenar=, to teach, to show
=esperar=, to expect, to hope, to wait
=estadisticas=, statistics
=falta=, want, absence of
=flojo=, slack
=fundar=, to found
=gratitud=, gratitude
=*hacer mencion=, to mention
=herida=, wound, sting
=informar (de)=, to inform of, to acquaint with
=llevar chasco=, to be disappointed, to be baffled
=*negar=, to deny
=periodico=, newspaper
=premio=, reward, prize, premium
=robar=, to rob, to steal
=simpatico=, pleasant, winsome, taking
=*tener empeno=, to be earnest, anxious about anything
EXERCISE 1 (25).
Translate into English--
1. El hombre que me hablo no es el a quien hemos escrito.
2. He aqui (here is) el libro que me enseno esta regla.
3. He escrito al hombre que nos endoso la letra.
4. He comprado el periodico que contiene aquellas estadisticas.
5. He arreglado con el negociante quien (_or_ el cual) parece hombre muy
simpatico.
6. El corredor, quien (_or_ el cual) tiene mucho empeno en concluir la
transaccion, me vino a ver otra vez (again) esta manana.
7. El capital, el cual se ha destinado a la explotacion de las minas, es
intangible (cannot be touched).
8. El hombre a quien (_or_ al cual) me refiero es armador de buques.
9. El negociante de quien (_or_ del cual) le hablaba es integerrimo
(most upright).
10. El asunto a que me referia (_or_ de que trataba).
11. La pluma con que escribia y con la cual (_or_ con la que) puede
escribir V.
12. La mina en que (_or_ en la cual) fundaba sus esperanzas.
13. El dinero sobre el cual contaba.
14. Los generos para los cuales se dio (was given) la orden.
15. ?Es el quien lo quiere y a cuyo hijo (_or_ al hijo de quien) V.
conoce?
EXERCISE 2 (26).
Translate into Spanish--
1. He who robs you of (roba) money robs you of little, but he who denies
you a debt of well-deserved gratitude robs you of more, which is
obvious.
2. Those who deny this (nieguen, (_subj._)) have not experienced how
(cuan) painful is the sting of ingratitude.
3. Those who do good should do it expecting ingratitude for (por) their
reward, then they will not be disappointed.
4. It is a truth than which no bitterer exists.
5. The steamer I have bought is a first-class boat.
6. The little (pequena) house I paid for.
7. The firm I made mention of enjoys good credit.
8. I wonder (me pregunto yo) if this is the engineer whose son is a
lawyer.
9. Their market is very slack at present, which accounts for (explica)
the want of their remittances.
10. I acquainted them with all the facts, which made them very cautious.
11. We are acquainted with Mr. McIntyre (conocemos al), who is a
Scotchman.
12. He is only an acquaintance (un conocido _or_ un conocimiento).
LESSON XIV.
(Leccion decima cuarta.)
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS AND ADJECTIVES.
These are the same as the relative pronouns, only they are written with
an accent--
?Quien,-es? (who, whom?)
?Cual,-es? (which?)
?Que? (what?)
?Cuyo,-a,-os,-as? (whose?)
?De quien,-es[103]? (whose?)
?Cuanto,-a,-os,-as? (how much, how many?)
[Footnote 103: "De quien" is more usual than "Cuyo" in interrogations.]
_Cual_ when interrogative is used without the definite article which
must accompany it when it is a relative pronoun. _Quien_, interrogative,
is never an adjective.
EXAMPLES--
?Quien vino a verme? Who came to see me?
?Cual arreglo le gusta a V. mas? Which arrangement do you prefer?
?Cuyo es este lapiz? Whose is this pencil? _or_ Whose
?Cuyo lapiz es este? pencil is this?
?De quien es este lapiz?
?De quien recibio V. la consignacion de madera? From whom did you
receive the consignment of timber?
?A quienes nos refieren Vs. para informes? To whom do you refer us for
information?
?Cuanto me cobrara V.? How much will you charge me?
_Cual_ (which) is often used instead of the English "what", as--
?Cuales son sus intenciones? What are your intentions?
_Que_ is used in exclamatory sentences--"what a", as--
iQue lastima! What a pity!
iQue bonitos panos! What nice suitings![104]
[Footnote 104: Before an adjective without a noun following "que"
translates the English "how":--iQue bonito! how nice!]
An emphatic _tan_ or _mas_ may be inserted, thus--
iQue pano tan bonito! What a very nice suiting!
iQue hombre mas rico! What a very rich man!
_Cual_ is used in exclamatory clauses instead of _como_ (how), as--
iCual le han reducido las desgracias! How (_or_ to what a state)
misfortunes have reduced him!
iCual la vi! How (_or_ in what a state) did I see her!
_Cuanto_ is also used in exclamations, as--
iCuanto le agradezco su amabilidad! How much obliged I am for your
kindness!
_Cual_ without article and without accent is used for "as," as--
Una casa (tal) cual yo la deseaba: A house (such) as I liked.
Such expressions as "He wrote me a letter, which letter I still
possess," are translated "Me escribio una carta, cuya carta aun tengo."
_Subjunctive Mood, Imperfect Tense (2nd form)_.
+-----------------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+
=Haber=. | =Tener=. | =Ser=. | =Estar=. |
+-----------------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+
|Que yo hubiera |Tuviera |Fuera |Estuviera |
| " tu hubieras |Tuvieras |Fueras |Estuvieras |
| " el hubiera |Tuviera |Fuera |Estuviera |
| " nosotros hubieramos|Tuvieramos |Fueramos |Estuvieramos |
| " vosotros hubierais |Tuvierais |Fuerais |Estuvierais |
| " ellos hubieran |Tuvieran |Fueran |Estuvieran |
+-----------------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+
_Subjunctive Mood, Future Tense._
+-----------------------+--------------+------------+--------------+
|Que yo hubiere (that |Tuviere (that |Fuere (that |Estuviere |
| I shall have, | I shall have,| I shall be,| (that I shall|
| etc.) | etc.) | etc.) | be, etc.) |
| " tu hubieres |Tuvieres |Fueres |Estuvieres |
| " el hubiere |Tuviere |Fuere |Estuviere |
| " nosotros hubieremos|Tuvieremos |Fueremos |Estuvieremos |
| " vosotros hubiereis |Tuviereis |Fuereis |Estuviereis |
| " ellos hubieren |Tuvieren |Fueren |Estuvieren |
+-----------------------+--------------+------------+--------------+
_Imperative Mood_. (This mood is used to command or beg.)
+--------+---------------------------------+---------------------------+
|Hablar |Habla[105](speak thou, _sing_.) |Hablad (speak you, _plu._) |
|Temer |Teme (fear " ) |Temed (fear " ) |
|Partir |Parte (depart " ) |Partid (depart " ) |
|Haber |He[106] (have " ) |Habed (have " ) |
|Tener |Ten ( " " ) |Tened ( " " ) |
|Ser |Se (be " ) |Sed (be " ) |
|Estar |Esta ( " " ) |Estad ( " " ) |
+--------+---------------------------------+---------------------------+
[Footnote 105: The Imperative Mood has only a separate form for the 2nd
pers. sing. and plu. It has no 1st pers. sing. and the 1st pers. pl. and
3rd pers. sing. and pl. are taken from the Pres. Subj.
The 2nd pers. pl. is derived from the Infinitive Mood by changing the
final _r_ into _d_--no exception.
The 2nd pers. sing. is the same as the _3rd pers. sing. of the Pres.
Indicative_, with a few exceptions (among which are Haber, Tener, Ser).]
[Footnote 106: Given as a form only, as Haber has no Imperative Mood in
modern Spanish, except in Heme, hete, hele, aqui, etc. (here I am, here
thou art, here he is, etc.), and in some other rare cases.
N.B.--In Spanish there is no imperative negative, the Pres. Subj.
negative being used instead, as--
=Hablar=. No hables (do not (thou) speak).
No hableis (do not (you) speak).]
VOCABULARY.
=*acordarse=, to remember
=me acuerdo=, I remember
=se acuerda=, he remembers
=cartera=, pocket-book, portfolio
=contestar a, responder a=, to answer
=*decir=, to say
=*devolver=, to return, give back
=devuelto=, given back
=devuelvo=, I return, give back
=digo=, I say
=dice=, he says
=dije=, I said
=dijo=, he said
=disgustado=, annoyed, disgusted, displeased
=flojedad=, slackness
=*hacer escala=, to call at (steamers)
=mucho me gusta=, I am very glad
=negativa=, refusal
=notas (billetes) de banco=, bank notes
=*oir=, to hear
=*perder=, to lose
=perdiendo=, losing
=*querer=, to want, to be willing to have
=quiero=, I want, I am willing to have
=quiere=, he wants, he is willing to have
=responder=,[107] to answer
=*seguir=, to continue
=sorpresa=, surprise
[Footnote 107: "Responder"; past part., "respuesto"--otherwise regular.]
EXERCISE 1 (27).
Translate into English--
1. ?Quien respeta las leyes?
2. ?Cuales leyes?
3. Las de este pais. ?Que dice V.?
4. Lo que V. oye (you hear).
5. Estos panuelos y zarazas son cuales V. deseaba.
6. Mucho me gusta saberlo.
7. iQue hermosas telas! iy baratas!
8. iCuanto pide V. por ellas?
9 ?Cuantos dividendos ha pagado esa Compania? Tres.
10. ?Cuantos dijo V. (did you say)?
11. Tres o cuatro, no me acuerdo exactamente.
12. ?Cuya cartera es esta?
13. Es la cartera de mi hermano, cuya cartera, como V. habra sabido, la
perdio con L500 en notas de banco y le fue devuelta.
14. ?De quien es el cargamento cuyo conocimiento ha llegado?
15. Es mio.
16. ?Que libro es este? Es el mio.
17. Ha seguido la flojedad en los valores, perdiendo mucho el
amortizable.
18. Hubo pocas (few) transacciones en general.
19. iCual lo hallamos!
20. iAbsolutamente desanimado! iQue lastima!
EXERCISE 2 (28).
Translate into Spanish--
1. What reduction can you make?
2. Twopence a yard.
3. Which of the two will you have (quiere V.)?
4. What orders did you give?
5. Whose goods are these?
6. What a surprise!
7. How much money did you receive?
8. How many lots of white shirting have you placed?
9. Did you answer all his letters?
10. If we bought (si comprasemos) the (colonial) produce dearer than the
figure you indicated we should have to answer for it (seriamos
responsables).
11. The cotton prints and union drills we sent you will answer your
requirements (corresponderan a sus necesidades).
12. Mr. Perez seems annoyed by your refusal.
13. I am very sorry (lo siento mucho _or_ infinito) but it is not my
fault.
14. I could not accept the rebate under (en) the circumstances.
15. Has the steamer called at Malaga?
16. I believe she has (que si).
LESSON XV.
(Leccion decima quinta.)
INDEFINITE ADJECTIVES AND PRONOUNS.
(Those marked with an asterisk are Pronouns only.)
Alguno, *alguien (pronounced alguien), (some, somebody, anybody)
*Algo, alguna cosa (something, anything)
*Uno-a,-os-as (one, a person, some, some persons)
Uno a otro (one another, each other)
Uno u otro (one or the other, either)
Uno y otro, ambos, entrambos (both)
Ni uno ni otro (neither the one nor the other)
Ni uno (not a single one)
Los otros, los demas (the others)
Mismo (same, self)
Cierto-a,-os-as (a certain, certain)
Cada (each)
*Cada uno, *cada cual (each, each one)
Otro (other, another[108])
Todo (all, everything, every)
Todos (everybody, all)
Poco (little)
Pocos (few)
Unos pocos, unos cuantos (a few)
Mucho-a,-os-as (much, many)
Varios (several)
Cualquiera (_sing._), Cualesquiera (_pl._), (any, whichever)
*Quienquiera (_sing._), quienesquiera (_pl._), (any, whoever, whomever)
*Cualquiera cosa (anything, whatever)
Propio-a, os-as (own, self, same)
Tal (_sing._), tales (_pl._ such a, such)
*Fulano, zutano, mengano (So-and-So)
Cuanto (todo lo que), (all that which)
Cuantos (todos los que), (all those who)
Ninguno (no one, nobody, not any)
*Nada (nothing), *nadie (no one, nobody)
*Quien ... quien, *cual ... cual (some ... some)
[Footnote 108: "Another" is "otro," not "un otro."]
_Cada_ is an adjective only, as--
Cada huelga de obreros dana la industria nacional: Each workmen's strike
injures national industry.
_Alguien, algo, cada, nada, nadie_ are invariable, and the verb
accompanying them is always singular, as--
Alguien hizo un error de pluma: Somebody made a slip of the pen.
Algo es mejor que el dinero, el honor: There is something better than
money, honour.
?Hay algo peor que la ingratitud? Is there anything worse than
ingratitude?
Nada es absolutamente perfecto y nadie es infalible: Nothing is
absolutely perfect and nobody is infallible.
Further difference in meaning between _alguien_ and _alguno_--
_Alguien_ refers to persons only, and cannot be followed by _de_.
_Alguno_ to persons or things, and may be followed by _de_,[109] as--
Alguien _or_ Alguno se ha quejado: Somebody has complained.
Quiere naranjas y melocotones y yo tengo algunos: He wants oranges and
peaches, and I have some.
Alguno de ellos lo hara: Someone amongst them will do it.
The English "any," "anything," are translated by _alguno, alguna cosa
(algo)_ when interrogative; _ninguno, ninguna cosa (nada)_ when
negative; and _cualquiera, cualquiera cosa_ when affirmative, as--
?Quiere V. algun refresco o algo que comer? Do you want any
refreshments[110] or anything to eat?
No quiero ningunos Holandillos: I do not want any Hollands.
Cualquier(a) muchacho de escuela echaria de ver que estas Batistas
Victoria son mas ordinarias: Any schoolboy could see that these Victoria
Lawns are of lower quality.
_Alguno_ and _Ninguno_ are left understood oftener than in English, as--
?Comprara V. (algunos) titulos de la nueva emision? Will you buy any
stock of the new issue?
El no pide consejos: He does not ask any advice.
When _nadie_ and _ninguno_, or any other =negative word=, as the adverb
_nunca_ (never), etc., precede a verb, no other negative is required;
but when they =follow= it, =no= (not) must precede the verb, as: No he
visto a nadie _or_ a nadie he visto: I have seen nobody.
[Footnote 109: Same difference between _nadie_ and _ninguno_.]
[Footnote 110: In Spanish the singular is found instead of the plural,
as: ?Tiene V. algun libro que prestarme? (have you any books to lend
me?).]
Verbs ending in _car_ or _gar_ change the _c_ and _g_ into =qu= and =gu=
respectively before =e=, as--
+------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
| | =Embarcar=[111] | =Cargar=[111] |
| |(to embark, to ship) | (to load) |
| _Past Def._ |Embarque |Cargue |
| _Pres. Subj._ |Embarque,-ques, que, |Cargue,-gues,-gue, |
| |-quemos,-queis,-quen.|-guemos,-gueis,-guen.|
+------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
[Footnote 111: The primary parts (except, of course, the Infinitive) will
be omitted in future _when they are regular_. The derivative parts will
also be omitted when they are _regularly formed from their primary
parts_ according to the rules given. See synopsis at the end of the
book.]
VOCABULARY.
=agricola=, agricultural
=amontonar=, to pile up
=apertura=, opening
=bajar=, to lower, to go or come down
=bonito=, pretty
=comarca=, region, district (of a country)
=detenidamente=, at length
=duplicar=, to double, to duplicate
=exigua=, slight, trifling
=fabricas de algodon=, cotton mills
=generos alimenticios=, food stuffs
=*hacer caso=, to take notice
=hilador=, spinner
=impuesto=, tax
=(la) incertidumbre=, uncertainty
=industria=, industry
=legislatura=, parliamentary session
=ligero=, light (_adj._), slight, small
=limitacion=, curtailment
=(la) luz=, light (_n._)
=*mantener=, to hold up, to maintain
=mejora=, improvement
=ministerio=, ministry
=obligaciones=, debentures
=olvidar=, to forget
=para que=, so that
=patria=, country, fatherland
=preferible=, preferable
=*prevalecer, reinar=, to prevail, to rule
=subir=, to go or come up
=tejedor=, weaver
=timbre=, stamp
=tomar la delantera a=, to take the start on.
=trigo=, wheat
=varios=, several
=vinicola=, wine (_adj._)
EXERCISE 1 (29).
Translate into English--
1. Alguien pretende que se duplicara el impuesto del timbre sobre las
acciones y obligaciones de las companias anonimas y que habra algunos
que protestaran energicamente.
2. Algo hay de eso y uno y otro partido politico se interesan de la
cuestion pero ni uno de los periodicos locales echa luz sobre las
intenciones del ministerio.
3. Los demas proyectos de ley con ciertas modificaciones se presentaran
(will be introduced) en esta misma legislatura, y cada uno se discutira
detenidamente.
4. Se anuncian varias empresas industriales en grande escala.
5. Cuanto se hace es poco cuando se piensa en lo que se deberia hacer
para que nuestros competidores no nos tomen la delantera.
6. Cualquiera echa de ver (can see) eso.
7. Cuantos hay que miran al verdadero interes de su patria deben olvidar
sus propios intereses en favor del fomento de la industria vinicola y
agricola de esta comarca.
8. Cada casa tiene su sistema propio.
9. Yo no imito a Fulano, Zutano y Mengano, soy cauto y evito los
riesgos.
10. Negocio papel extranjero, pero solo letras bancarias, o de firmas de
primera clase y con dos endosos, nada mas.
EXERCISE 2 (30).
Translate into Spanish--
1. Somebody thinks that the imports of food-stuffs will increase.
2. Some wheat buyers take little notice of the higher American cable
advices (las subidas que se han telegrafiado desde America).
3. Weavers and spinners are all holding up their prices.
4. Each week shows an improvement.
5. We hear the same reports (noticias) from all quarters (partes).
6. Neither of these machines will suit (conviene a) our requirements.
7. We accept these bills but refuse the others.