hervor´gestănden ~stick (stand) out (in bold relief), protrude~
=hĕrvōr´strahlen=, strahlte hervor´, ist hervor´gestrahlt ~beam (shine)
forth (out)~
=hĕrvōr´trāt= ~_see_~ hervortreten
=hĕrvōr´trēten=, tritt hervor´, trāt hervor´, ist hervor´getrēten ~step
(come) forth (out)~
=hĕrvōr´ziehen=, zōg hervor´, hervor´gezōgen ~draw forth, pull out~
das =Herz=, -ens, ~[_dat. sg. and all cases of the pl._]~ -en
~heart;~ das ging mir zu Herzen ~that touched my heart;~ zufriedenen
Herzens ~[_originally a descriptive gen., now used as an adv. phrase
to express manner_] with contented heart, _i.e._, contentedly;~
erleichterten Herzens ~with a feeling of relief~
=Herzen(s)= ~_see_~ Herz
das =Herzklopfen=, des -s ~palpitation of the heart~
=herzlich= ~cordial, hearty; [_adv., also_] very, exceedingly,
extremely~
die =Herzlichkeit= ~cordiality; sincerity~
der =Herzschlāg=, -schläge ~throbbing of the heart, heartbeat~
=hetzen= ~hunt, run to ground~
die =Hetzjāgd=, -en ~(wild) chase, (hot) pursuit~
das =Heu=, des -(e)s ~hay~
der =Heuboden= ~[_pl. sometimes_~ ⸗böden~] haymow, hayloft;~ =auf= dem
Heuboden ~=in= the haymow~
=heulen= ~howl; yelp~
das =Heulen=, des -s ~howling~
=heut’= = heute
=heute= ~to-day~
=heutzutāg’= = heutzutage
=heutzutāge= ~nowadays, at the present day (time), in our day (time,
age)~
=hielt= ~_see_~ halten, anhalten, ~_or_~ aufhalten
=hier= ~here; in this case~
=hier´auf´= ~hereupon, after this~
=hier´vŏn´= ~from this, of this~
=hieß= ~_see_~ heißen
=hilf= ~_imper. sg. of_~ helfen
die =Hilfe= ~aid, help;~ einem zu Hilfe kommen ~come to one’s
assistance~
=hilft= ~_see_~ helfen
der =Himmel= ~heaven; heavens, sky~
=hĭn= ~_adv._ thither; gone, ruined;~ über das ganze Land hin ~(away,
clear, all) over the whole land~
=hin= ~_sep. pref. [expressing direction away from the position
previously occupied by the subject or the speaker and toward some
goal]_ thither, there; off, away, down; along; out; to, at, toward~
=hĭnăb´= ~[~hĭnăp´~] _adv._ down (there, in that direction)~
=hĭnăb´= ~[~hĭnăp´~] _sep. pref. [expressing direction or motion down
(and away) from the position hitherto occupied by the subject or the
speaker]_ down~
=hĭnăb´geglitten= _see_ hinabgleiten
=hĭnăb´gehen=, ging hinab´, ist hinab´gegangen ~go (walk) down (the
hill, there, _etc._)~
=hĭnăb´gesandt= ~_see_~ hinabsenden
=hĭnăb´gleiten=, glitt hinab´, ist hinab´geglitten ~[_sometimes weak_]
slip (slide) down~
=hĭnăb´hangen=, hängt hinab´, hing hinab´, hinab´gehangen ~hang down~
=hĭnăb´schauen=, schaute hinab´, hinab´geschaut = hinabsehen
~look (glance, gaze) down~
sich =hĭnăb´schlängeln=, schlängelte hinab´, hinab´geschlängelt ~(go)
wind(ing) down the hill~
=hĭnăb´sehen=, sieht hinab´, sah hinab´, hinab´gesehen ~look down
(there)~
=hĭnăb´senden=, sandte ~_or_~ sendete ~(_past subj._~ sendete~)~
hinab´, hinab´gesandt ~_or_~ hinab´gesendet ~send down~
sich =hĭnăb´senken=, senkte hinab´, hinab´gesenkt ~descend, slope~
=hĭnăb´sprang= ~_see_~ hinabspringen
=hĭnăb´springen=, sprang hinab´, ist hinab´gesprungen ~leap (jump) down~
=hĭnăb´steigen=, stieg hinab´, ist hinab´gestiegen ~descend~
=hĭnăb´stürzen=, stürzte hinab´, ist hinab´gestürzt ~fall headlong,
fall over the edge~
=hĭnăb´werfen=, wirft hinab´, warf (würfe) hinab´, hinab´geworfen
~throw down~
=hĭnăb´zustürzen= ~_see_~ hinabstürzen
=hĭnăn´= ~_adv._ up (there) [_Often used to reënforce the idea of
direction expressed by a preceding adverbial phrase_]~
=hĭnauf´= ~_adv._ up [_and away_];~ bis zu... hinauf ~clear (right) up
to... [~hinauf ~_is used to reënforce the idea of direction inherent in
the prep. phrase._]~
=hĭnauf´= ~_sep. pref._ [_expressing direction or motion upward
and away from the position hitherto occupied by the subject or the
speaker_] up (yonder _or_ there)~
=hĭnauf´drehen=, drehte hinauf´, hinauf´gedreht ~raise by turning (at~
an ~+ _dat._)~
=hĭnauf´fahren=, fährt hinauf´, fuhr hinauf´, hinauf´gefahren ~drive
(convey, take) up (there, yonder)~
=hĭnauf´heben=, hōb hinauf´, hinauf´gehōben ~lift up (there)~
=hĭnauf´schauen=, schaute hinauf´, hinauf´geschaut ~look up (yonder)~
=hĭnauf´schießen=, schŏß hinauf´, ~[_intr._~ ist~]~ hinauf´geschossen
~shoot up~
=hĭnauf´steigen=, stieg hinauf´, ist hinauf´gestiegen ~climb up (there)~
=hĭnauf´stieg= ~_see_~ hinaufsteigen
=hĭnauf´werfen=, wirft hinauf´, warf (würfe) hinauf´, hinauf´geworfen
~throw (cast) up (yonder, there, in that direction)~
=hĭnauf´zusteigen= ~_see_~ hinaufsteigen
=hĭnaus´= ~_sep. pref._ [_expressing direction or motion out (and away)
from the position hitherto occupied by the subject or the speaker_] out
(yonder);~ er wollte nicht hinaus ~_see_~ hinauswollen
=hĭnaus´fliegen=, flōg hinaus´, ist hinaus´geflōgen ~fly out (there,
yonder)~
=hĭnaus´gegangen= ~_see_~ hinausgehen
=hĭnaus´gehen=, ging hinaus´, ist hinaus´gegangen ~go (walk) out;~
=zum= Dorf hinausgehen ~walk out =of= the village~
=hĭnaus´gerutscht= ~_see_~ hinausrutschen
=hĭnaus´kommen=, kām hinaus´, ist hinaus´gekommen ~come (get) out
(there)~
=hĭnaus´rutschen=, rutschte hinaus´, ist hinaus´gerutscht ~slide out~
=hĭnaus´steigen=, stieg hinaus´, ist hinaus´gestiegen ~climb out~
=hĭnaus´strecken=, streckte hinaus´, hinaus´gestreckt ~stretch out~
=hĭnaus´stürzen=, stürzte hinaus´, ist hinaus´gestürzt ~rush (fall
headlong, plunge) out (of, from the~ zum ~_or_ ~zur~)~
=hĭnaus´wollen=, will hinaus´, wollte hinaus´, hinaus´gewollt ~want to
go out [_Cf. last note on_~ wollen~.]~
=hĭnbrummen=, brummte hin´, hingebrummt ~grumble, mutter (to one’s
self~ vor sich ~_acc._)~
das =Hindernis=, -nisse ~obstacle, obstruction~
=hĭndurch´= ~through;~ das ganze Jahr hindurch ~all the year round;~
die Nacht hindurch ~all night long;~ hindurch sein ~be [= _to have
passed_] through~
=hĭnein´= ~_adv._ in(to) [_often used to reënforce the idea of
direction expressed by a preceding adverbial phrase; in this use
frequently to be left untranslated_];~ in sich hinein ~to himself,
inwardly~
=hĭnein´= ~_sep. pref._ [_expressing direction away from one place
into some other_] in(to) [_often reënforcing the idea of direction
expressed by an accompanying prep. + its object; frequently best left
untranslated when so used. Cf._ I am in blood stepp’d =in= so far
_Macbeth iii. 4. 136_]~
=hĭnein´bringen=, brăchte ~(_past subj._~ brächte~)~ hinein′,
hinein′gebracht ~take (carry, get) in(to)~
=hĭnein´fliegen=, flōg hinein´, ist hinein´geflōgen ~fly in~
=hĭnein´gehen=, ging hinein´, ist hinein´gegangen ~go (walk) in(to the
house, _etc._)~
=hĭnein´gerāten=, gerǟt hinein´, geriet hinein´, ist hinein´gerāten
~(accidentally) get in(to something~ in ~+ _acc._)~
=hĭnein´geriet= ~_see_~ hineingeraten
=hĭnein´kommen=, kām hinein´, ist hinein´gekommen ~come (get) in(to~ in
~+ _acc._)~
=hĭnein´lassen=, lǟsst hinein´, ließ hinein´, hinein´gelassen ~let in,
admit (to~ in ~+ _acc._)~
=hĭnein´schieben=, schōb hinein´, hinein´geschoben ~push (shove) in~
=hĭnein´schleppen=, schleppte hinein´, hinein´geschleppt ~drag in(to~
in ~+ _acc._)~
=hĭnein´sinken=, sank hinein´, ist hinein´gesunken ~sink in(to~ in ~+
_acc._)~
=hĭnein´sprang= ~_see_~ hineinspringen
=hĭnein´springen=, sprang hinein´, ist hinein´gesprungen ~jump (leap)
into (~in ~+ _acc._)~
=hĭnein´stehen=, stănd (stände ~_or_~ stünde) hinein´, hinein´gestănden
(stand) ~project(ing), stick out~
=hĭnein´zubringen= ~_see_~ hineinbringen
=hĭnein´zuschleppen= ~_see_~ hineinschleppen
=hĭnfahren=, fährt hin´, fuhr hin´, ist hingefahren ~pass (sweep) along~
=hing= ~_see_~ hangen, ~_also_~ abhangen ~_and_~ aufhängen
=hĭngeben=, gibt hin´, gāb hin´, hingegeben ~give up, surrender,
resign;~ sich hingeben ~[_also_] devote one’s self to, indulge in~
=hĭngehen=, ging hin´, ist hingegangen ~go (there, away);~ wo ging er
hin? ~[_colloquial form of_~ wohin ging er?~] where did he go (to)?~
=hĭngeworfen= ~_see_~ hinwerfen
=hĭnlaufen=, läuft hin´, lief hin´, ist hingelaufen ~run off (along);~
da läuft er hin ~there he goes~
=hĭnnehmen=, nimmt hin´, nahm hin´, hingenommen ~take (up, away,
along); accept~
=hĭnschauen=, schaute hin´, hingeschaut = hinsehen ~look off~
=hĭnschießen=, schŏß hin´, ist hingeschossen ~shoot (dart) along~
=hĭnsehen=, sieht hin´, sah hin´, hingesehen ~look away (in that
direction);~ vor sich ~(_acc._)~ hinsehen ~look (down) straight before
one~
die =Hĭnsicht=, -en ~respect, way~
=hĭnstrecken=, streckte hin´, hingestreckt ~stretch out~
=hĭnter= ~behind, back of [_acc. when direction is expressed, otherwise
dat._]~
der =Hĭnterfūß=, ⸗füße ~hind foot~
=hĭnterhēr´= ~(along) behind~
=hĭnü´ber= ~_sep. pref. [expressing direction away from the speaker
and (across some intervening space) toward an object indicated by the
context]_ over (yonder _or_ there)~
=hĭnü´berwerfen=, wirft hinü´ber, warf (würfe) hinü´ber,
hinü´bergeworfen ~throw (cast) over (there)~
=hĭnun´ter= ~_sep. pref. [expressing direction downward and away from
the position hitherto occupied by the subject or the speaker]_ down;~
einmal muß ich doch noch hinunter ~_see_~ hinuntermüssen
=hĭnun´terfahren=, fährt hinun´ter, fuhr hinun´ter, ist
hinun´tergefahren ~go down, descend~
=hĭnun´terfliehen=, floh hinun´ter, ist hinun´tergeflohen ~flee down
[_a route designated by the acc._]~
=hĭnun´terfloh= ~_see_~ hinunterfliehen
=hĭnun´tergekommen= ~_see_~ hinunterkommen
=hĭnun′tergelan´gen=, gelangte hinun´ter, ist hinun´tergelangt ~get
down (into~ in ~+ _acc._)~
=hĭnun´tergeschossen= ~_see_~ hinunterschießen
=hĭnun´terkommen=, kām hinun´ter, ist hinun´tergekommen ~come (get)
down (there)~
=hĭnun´termüssen=, mŭß hinun´ter, mŭßte ~(_past subj._~ mü̆ßte~)~
hinun´ter, hinun´tergemŭßt ~have (be obliged) to go down there [_Cf.
last note on_~ wollen~.]~
=hĭnun´terschießen=, schŏß hinun´ter, hinun´tergeschossen ~shoot down,
announce an event by firing a shot down (into~ in~ + _acc._)~
=hĭnun´tersteigen=, stieg hinun´ter, ist hinun´tergestiegen ~go down
(there), climb down, descend~
=hĭnun´terstürzen=, stürzte hinun´ter, ist hinun´tergestürzt ~rush
(fall headlong, plunge) down (there)~
=hĭnun´terwerfen=, wirft hinun´ter, warf (würfe) hinun´ter,
hinun´tergeworfen ~throw down~
=hĭnwandeln=, wandelte hin´, ist hingewandelt ~walk leisurely (stroll)
along~
=hĭnwĕg´= ~_sep. pref._ [_expressing direction or motion away from the
position hitherto occupied by the subject_] away, off~
=hĭnwĕg´führen=, führte hinweg´, hinweg´geführt ~lead away~
=hĭnwĕg´gehen=, ging hinweg´, ist hinweg´gegangen ~go away; touch
lightly on, pass rapidly over (~über ~+ _acc._)~
=hĭnwĕg´schauen=, schaute hinweg´, hinweg´geschaut ~look off (away)~
=hĭnwerfen=, wirft hin´, warf (würfe) hin´, hingeworfen ~throw (fling,
toss) down, _or_ toward a person [_dat._]~
=hĭnwollen=, will hin´, wollte hin´, hingewollt ~want (intend) to go
(there);~ wo will er hin? ~[_colloquial form of_ ~wohin will er?~]
where does he want to go (to)? [_Cf. last note on_~ wollen~.]~
=hĭnzū´= ~_sep. pref._ [_expressing increase, addition_] in addition,
besides~
=hĭnzū´fügen=, fügte hinzu´, hinzu´gefügt ~add [_a remark_]~
=hĭn´zugeben= ~_see_~ hingeben
=hĭnzū´setzen=, setzte hinzu´, hinzu´gesetzt = hinzufügen ~add [_a
remark_]~
=hōb= ~_see_~ heben
=hōch=, hȫher, der hȫchste ~[_In the positive_~ hoch~ _drops its_~ c
~_before the_~ e ~_of an inflectional syllable; in the superl._~ ch =
ch ~_in_~ ich ~] high, tall; great, noble, distinguished;~ Boucher lebe
hoch! ~Long live Boucher! Three cheers for Boucher!~ Hoch (lebe er)!
~Hurrah (for him)!~
=hōchrāgend= ~towering~
=hȫchst= ~[~ch ~_as in_~ ich~] _superl. of_~ hoch ~highest; [_adv._]
highly, most, extremely, exceedingly, in the highest degree;~ aufs
höchste steigen ~reach its height (climax)~
=aufs hȫchste= ~_see_~ höchst
die =Hŏchzeit=, -en ~wedding;~ Hochzeit halten ~hold (have, celebrate)
a wedding~
das =Hŏchzeitsbrōt=, -e ~(batch _or_ loaf of) wedding bread~
das =Hŏch′zeitsgeschenk´=, -e ~wedding present~
der =Hŏchzeitsteig=, -e ~dough for the wedding bread~
der =Hōf=, ̈–e ~farm; yard; court~
der =Hōfārzt=, ⸗ärzte ~court physician~
der =Hōfbauer=, -s ~_or_~ -n, -n ~farmer [_usually one living on his
own farm as distinguished from the tenant farmer_]~
der =Hŏffārtsteufel= ~demon of pride~
=hoffen= ~hope (for~ auf ~+ _acc._)~
die =Hoffnung=, -en ~hope, expectation (of~ auf ~+ _acc._)~
der =Hōfhund=, -e ~watchdog~
=hȫflich=, ~polite, civil, courteous~
die =Hōfmauer=, -n ~wall around the yard~
der =Hōfschuhmachermeister= ~Court Bootmaker~
das =Hōftōr=, -e ~(yard) gate~
die =Höhe=, -n ~height, hill;~ in die Höhe ~up(ward), (up) into the air~
=hohe=~(~=r=, ~_etc._) _see_~ hoch
=höher= ~_or_~ hoch
=hohl= ~hollow~
die =Höhle=, -n ~cave, cavern~
der =Hohn=, des -(e)s ~mockery, derision~
=höhnen= ~mock, sneer, jeer;~ 51, 25 Der höhnt auch noch ~(He’s also
even mocking, _i.e._,) He’s adding insult to injury~
=holen= ~go and get, bring, fetch; come for;~ der Teufel hole es! ~the
devil take it! hang it!~
=hŏl´lā= or hŏllā´ ~hello! see here!~
=Holland= ~[~⸗nt~] Holland~
der =Holländer= ~Hollander, Dutchman~
=holländisch= ~Dutch, Netherlandish [_Adjs. of nationality are
capitalized only when used in fixed titles, e.g.,_~ der Deutsche
Kaiser~_, or as substantives, e.g._,~ das Deutsche ~(the) German
(language).]~
die =Hölle=, -n ~hell;~ das Leben zur Hölle machen ~make life a hell
[_Cf._~ machen~.]~
das =Höllentōr=, -e ~gate of hell~
=höllisch= ~infernal, “confounded”~
das =Holz=, ̈–er ~wood~
der =Holzapfel=, ⸗äpfel ~crab apple~
=hölzern= ~wooden~
=hȫr’= = höre
=horchen= ~listen~
die =Hŏrde=, -n horde
=hȫren= ~[_past part., if preceded by a dependent infin._,~ hören~]
hear;~ höre! ~I say,... _See also_~ aufhören~. [_In English the object
of_ hear _may be followed by either the infin., or the pres. part.:_ I
heard him walk or walking in; _in German only the infin. is so used:_~
ich hörte ihn hereintreten~.]~
das =Hȫren=, des -s ~hearing~
der =Hōrīzont´=, -e ~[~z ~= ts] horizon~
=Horn= ~W. O. von Horn, pseudonym of Philipp Friedrich Wilhelm Örtel
(1798-1867), author of numerous didactic stories~
das =Horn=, ̈–er ~horn~
=hūb= ~_see_~ heben ~_or_~ anheben
=hǖben= ~over here, on this side~
=hübsch= ~[~hü̆psch~] pretty, delightful, nice, fine; [_adv., also_]
“nice and...”~
das =Hūfeisen= ~horseshoe~
=hūfen= ~[~ist gehūft~] back (up, off)~
der =Hūfschlāg=, ⸗schläge ~hoofbeat, trampling of horses’ feet~
der =Hūfschmied=, -e ~horseshoer, farrier~
der =Hüftknochen= ~haunch (bone)~
der =Hügel= ~hill;~ sie gingen =den Hügel= hinab ~[_Note that the acc.
is used -- =without= a prep. -- to indicate the route taken._]~
das =Huhn=, ̈–er ~hen; [_pl._] poultry, chickens~
die =Hü̆lse=, -n ~socket, shell~
der =Hund=, -e ~dog~
=hundert= ~[_invariable_] hundred [=A= hundred ~hundert~; =one=
hundred~ =ein= hundert~]~
das =Hundert=, -e ~a hundred [_considered as a group_]~
=hundertmāl= ~a hundred times~
der =Hunger=, des -s ~[~ng ~_as in_ thing] hunger~
=hungern= ~[~ng~ _as in_ thing] (suffer) hunger, starve, go hungry~
=hungrig= ~[~ng ~_as in_ thing] hungry~
=hüpfen= ~[~ist gehüpft ~_when direction is expressed_] hop, leap;~ er
sah, wo der Hafe hüpfte ~he saw what the other was after (what the game
was)~
der =Hūt=, ̈–e ~hat~
=hǖten= ~guard, keep, take care of;~ sich hüten, etwas zu tun ~[be on
one’s guard about doing a certain thing,] take good care not to do a
thing~
die =Hütte=, -n ~hut, cabin, cottage~
I.
=ich= ~I~
=ich’s= = ich es
=ihm= ~_dat. sg. of_~ er ~_or_~ es
=ihn= ~_acc. sg. of_~ er
=ihnen= ~_dat. pl. of_~ er, sie, ~_or_~ es ~(to) them~
=Ihnen= ~_dat. of_~ Sie
=ihr=¹ ~_dat. sg. of_~ sie
=ihr=² ~_nom. pl. of_~ du ~[_now used only in addressing two or more
people, animals, etc., each of whom would be addressed with_ ~du~_.
Formerly_~ Ihr ~_was used (as_~ Sie ~_is at present) in formal address
to one person, also in deferential address to an older relative; in
this use it is capitalized to distinguish it from_ ~ihr ~_addressed to
two or more people._] you~
=ihr=³, ihre, ihr ~her, their; [_when referring to a non-personal fem.
antecedent_] its~
=Ihr=¹ ~[_in address_] _see_~ ihr²
=Ihr=², Ihre, Ihr ~your [_used when_~ Sie ~_is the pron. of address and
capitalized to distinguish it from_~ ihr³ ~]~
=ihretwēgen= ~for all she cares (cared) _or_ they care(d); on her
(their) account~
der =Iltis=, Iltisse ~polecat~
=ĭm= = in dem
=immer= ~always, ever;~ noch immer ~even now, [_emphatic_] still
[_Regularly used before a comparative, while in English the adj. or
adv. is repeated:_~ immer magerer ~leaner and leaner]~
=im´merhĭn´= ~for all that, still, nevertheless~
=ĭn= ~[_dat._] in, at, within; [_acc., expressing direction_] in(to),
to~
=ĭnbrünstig= ~fervent, devout~
=ĭndem´= ~_conj._ [_always followed by transposition_] while
[_expressing occasionally means, but usually simultaneousness; as a
rule best rendered by the pres. part. of the verb in its clause_]~
=ĭndĕs´= ~meanwhile, in the meantime~
=ĭndes´sen= = indes
=ĭn´dīrekt´= ~[-dee-; _for contrast,_~ in´direkt~] indirect;~ die
indirekte Rede ~indirect discourse, quoted statement _or_ question~
=ĭngrimmig= ~fierce, angry~
das =Inhaltsverzeichnis=, ⸗nisse ~table of contents~
=ĭnnerlich= ~inner; profound; introspective; to one’s self~
=ĭnnig= ~heartfelt, sincere~
=ĭns= = in das
die =Insel=, -n ~island~
das =Instrūment´=, -e ~instrument~
der =Invālī´de=, -n ~[~v ~= v] disabled (invalided) soldier~
=ĭrden= ~earthen~
=ĭrgend= ~[~⸗nt~; _used with generalizing force before pronouns and
adverbs_] any, some;~ irgend jemand ~anyone (at all), somebody (or
other)~
=Irland= ~[~ĭrlant~] Ireland~
=ĭß= ~_imper. sg. of_~ essen ~eat~
=ist= ~_see_~ sein
=ist’s= = ist es
=Ita´lien= ~[eetah´lĭ-] Italy~
der =Ĭtālĭē´ner= ~an Italian~
J.
=jā= ~yes; aye, just so, quite right; as everybody knows, indeed, “all
right,” soon enough, surely, of course;~ ich sag’ es ja ~I tell you,
“believe me”; [_emphasizing a statement_] why, don’t you see [_before
the clause, or_] really, truly, even [_within the clause, or_] anyhow,
at any rate, indeed, I am sure, you know, you see [_after the clause_];
[_emphasizing a command or prohibition_]~ tun Sie es ja´ ~be sure to do
it;~ tun Sie es ja´ nicht ~don’t do it on any account~
=jāgen= ~hunt, drive, chase;~ sich jagen ~dash, sweep, race; [_intr._;~
ist gejagt~] race~
=jäh(e)= ~sudden, abrupt~
das =Jahr=, -e ~year;~ die besten Jahre ~the prime of life;~ in die
Jahre kommen, wo... ~reach the age when...~
das =Jahrhundert=, -e ~century~
=Jakob= ~[~jā´kŏp~] Jacob~
=jämmerlich= ~pitiful, sorry, wretched, miserable~
=jammern= ~lament [~über ~+ _acc._]~
=j⸗apā´nisch= ~[yah-] Japanese [_Cf._ ~holländisch~.]~
=jāwohl´!= ~yes indeed! quite right! (yes,) certainly!~
=jē= ~ever, at any time; [_with a numeral_] at a time, each~
=jē= ~+ _comparative [always followed by transposition]_ the [_followed
by a balancing clause with inversion introduced by_ ~desto ~+ _comp._]~
je älter sie sind, desto besser sind sie ~the older they are, the
better they are~
=jeder=, jede, jedes ~each, every, any;~ ein jeder, ~_gen._~ eines
jeden ~every single one, each and every one~
=jedesmāl= ~each (every) time (that...~ wenn...~)~
=jēdoch´= ~however~
von =jē´hēr´= ~[_or_~ jē´hēr~] from time out of mind; at all times~
=jemand= ~[_gen._~ jemand(e)s, ~_dat._~ jemand(em), ~_acc._~
jemand(en); ~_no pl._] somebody, someone, anybody, anyone~
=jener=, jene, jenes ~that (... yonder); the former, the other
[_While_~ dieser ~_implies proximity,_~ jener ~_implies remoteness._]~
=jenseit(s)= ~[~jēn⸗~ _or_~ jĕn⸗~] on the other (farther) side (of
_gen._)~
=jetzt= ~now [_at present_]~
=Jōhann´= ~John~
das =Jōhan´nĭswürmchen= ~glowworm~
=Joseph= ~[yōzĕf] Joseph~
=jōvĭāl´= ~[yōvi-] jovial, jolly~
der =Jūbel=, des -s ~[yo̅o̅-] (noisy) merrymaking, shouts of joy~
=jūbeln= ~[yo̅o̅-] shout lustily (merrily, for joy)~
die =Jūgend= ~youth [_youthful age or young people_]~
der =Jū′līā´bend=, -e ~[yo̅o̅-] July evening~
=jung=, jünger, der jüngste ~young, youthful~
der =Junge=, -n ~boy, youngster, lad~
die =Jungen= ~the young (folks)~
der =Jüngling=, -e ~youth, young man~
=Jǖterbog= ~[~⸗bock~] Jüterbog, a Prussian town situated about forty
miles south of Berlin~
K.
der =Kǟfer= ~beetle, chafer~
der =Kaf´fee=, des -s ~coffee~
=kahl= ~bald~
der =Kaiser= ~emperor [_A title that precedes a proper noun is never
inflected unless it is itself preceded by an inflected pronoun. (But_~
Herr ~_is always inflected, pronoun or no pronoun._)]~
die =Kaiserstadt=, ⸗städte ~imperial city~
=kălt=, kä̆lter, der kä̆lteste ~cold, chill; cool, cold, indifferent~
die =Kälte= ~coolness, coldness~
=kām= ~_see_~ kommen
=kǟme= ~_past subj. of_~ kommen
der =Kămerād´=, -en ~[_in the nom. sg._~ d ~= t] comrade, companion,
chum~
die =Kammer=, -n ~bedroom~
das =Kammerfenster= ~bedroom window;~ 43, 12 unters Kammerfenster
~against _or_ on the window sill~
der =Kampf=, ̈–e ~combat, fight, conflict~
=kann= ~_see_~ können
=kannst= ~_2nd pers. sg. pres. ind. of_~ können
=kannte= ~_see_~ kennen
die =Kănō´ne=, -n ~cannon~
die =Kăpel´le=, -n ~chapel~
der =Kăpītǟn´=, -e ~(sea) captain~
der =Kăplān´=, Kaplǟ´ne ~curate~
das =Käppchen= ~little cap~
die =Kapsel=, -n ~(hemispherical) cover~
=Karl= ~Charles~
der =Kărren= ~cart~
die =Kartŏf´fel=, -n ~potato~
die =Kasse=, -n ~(money) chest (box);~ alle Kassen ~all the coffers~
das =Kastell´=, -e ~citadel, fort~
der =Kasten= ~[_pl. also ̈–_] chest~
der =Kāter= ~tomcat~
=kauern= ~crouch, huddle~
der =Kaufmann=, Kaufleute ~[_less often_~ ⸗männer~] merchant~
=kaum= ~scarcely, hardly, [_only just_ =] barely~
die =Kegelkugel=, -n ~bowling ball~
=kehren= ~[~ist gekehrt ~_when equivalent to the intr._~ umkehren
~_or_~ zurückkehren~] turn; return;~ ich kehre mich wenig (nicht)
daran ~I pay little (no) attention (heed) to that~
=kein=, keine, kein ~no, not a(ny)~
=keiner=, keine, keines ~no one, none, not any, nobody, not (any)one,
not... anybody (but~ als~) [_When used as a subst._ ~kein ~_has
throughout the inflection of_~ dieser~._Cf. note on_ ~einer~.]~
=kei´nerlei´= ~no kind of, not of any sort~
=keins= = keines
=kennen=, kannte (~_past subj._~ kennte~),~ gekannt ~[= _French_
connaître] know, be acquainted with; understand~
=kennzeichnen= ~mark, characterize, stamp~
=Kerkhoff= ~T. Kerkhoff, about whom the editors were not able to find
out anything save that fifteen years ago this author lived in East
Frisia~
der =Kerl=, -e ~fellow, chap; [_with an uncomplimentary adj._] wretch~
die =Kerze=, -n ~candle~
das =Kerzenlicht=, -er ~candlelight; lighted candle~
die =Kette=, -n ~chain~
=kichern= ~chuckle~
das =Kie´ferngehölz´=, -e ~pine grove~
das =Kind=, -er ~child~
die =Kinderjahre= ~[_pl._] childhood~
der =Kindesvater=, ⸗väter ~the father of the (a) child~
das =Kindlein= ~little child, baby~
die =Kindtaufe=, -n ~christening~
die =Kinzig= ~the Kinzig [_pronounced as in German_], a river in Baden,
rising in the Black Forest and emptying into the Rhine not far from
Strassburg~
die =Kirche=, -n ~church~
der =Kirchhōf=, ⸗höfe ~churchyard, cemetery~
der =Kirchtag=, -e = Kirchweih
die Kirchweih, -en ~[_Originally_] consecration of a church; [_now,
usually, the annual festival in commemoration of the dedication of the
parish church_] church-ale, parish fair, kermis~
der =Kirchweihtanz=, ⸗tänze ~kermis dance~
die =Kirmes=, ⸗messen = Kirchweih
=kitzeln= ~tickle~
k⸗k = ck ~[_in syllabication_]~