37. Clothes

Landowners usually have a long coat known as _angarkha_ reaching to the

knees, with flaps folding over the breasts and tied with strings. The

_bandi_ is a short coat like this but coming only to the hips, and is

more popular with cultivators. In the cold weather it is frequently

stuffed with cotton and dyed dark green or dark blue so as not to

show the dirt. For visits of ceremony a pair of _paijamas_ are kept,

but otherwise the _dhoti_ or loin-cloth is commonly worn. Wearing

the _dhoti_ pulled half-way up to the thighs is called 'cultivator's

fashion.' A shirt may be worn under the coat; but cultivators usually

have only one garment, nowadays often a sleeveless coat with buttons in

front. The proper head-dress is the _pagri_, a piece of coloured cloth

perhaps 30 feet long and a foot wide, twisted tightly into folds, which

is lifted on and off the head and is only rarely undone. Twisting the

_pagri_ is an art, and a man is usually hired to do it and paid four

annas. The _pagris_ have different shapes in different parts of the

country, and a Hindu can tell by the shape of a man's _pagri_ where he

comes from. But nowadays cultivators usually wear a _dupatta_ or short

piece of cloth tied, loosely round the head. The tenant arranges his

head-cloth with a large projection on one side, and in it he carries

his _chilam_ or pipe-bowl, and also small quantities of vegetables,

salt or condiments purchased at the bazar. In case of necessity

he can transform it into a loin-cloth, or tie up a bundle of grass

with it, or tie his _lota_ to it to draw water from a well. 'What

can the washerman do in a village where the people live naked?' is

a Chhattisgarhi proverb which aptly indicates that scantiness is

the most prominent feature of the local apparel. Here a cloth round

the loins, and this usually of meagre dimensions, constituted, until

recently, the full dress of a cultivator. Those who have progressed

a stage farther throw a cloth loosely over one shoulder, covering

the chest, and assume an apology for a turban by wrapping another

small rag carelessly round the head, leaving the crown generally

bare, as if this part of the person required special sunning and

ventilation. Hindus will not be seen out-of-doors with the head bare,

though the Gonds and other tribes only begin to wear head-cloths when

they are adopting Hinduism. The Gondi fashion was formerly prevalent

in Chhattisgarh. Some sanctity attaches to the turban, probably because

it is the covering of the head. To knock off a man's turban is a great

insult, and if it drops off or he lets it fall, it is a very bad omen.

The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India, Volume 4 · 第 90 / 607 题