Arses, i, 342
Art, Buddhist, i, 428;
Cretan, i, 215;
Neolithic, i, 130;
Palæolithic, i, 92-99, 123
Artabanus (ăr tă bā’ nŭs), i, 335
Artaxerxes II, i, 342, 363
Artaxerxes III, i, 342
Arthur, king, i, 531
Artillery, i, 372, ii, 124
Artisans, i, 264-269
Artois (ă twă’), Count of. (_See_ Charles X)
Aryan, definition of, i, 298;
languages and literature, i, 133, 151-55, 161-64, 167-69,
173, 298, 387, 446, ii, 247;
peoples and civilisations, i, 152, 160, 167 _sqq._,
189, 194, 201, 232-33, 243-44, 247, 281-82, 298-300, 305,
315-18, 387, 415-16,
446-48, 545, 549-51, 558, ii, 144, 168, 184, 190, 490, 605
Aryan Way, the, i, 417, 424, 433, 440, 449
As, Roman coin, i, 471
Ascalon, i, 282
Asceticism, i, 418, 420
Ashdod, i, 245, 282
Ashley, Sir W., ii, 287
Ashtaroth (ăsh’ tă roth), i, 282, 286, 288
Asia, general and early period, i, 56, 59, 75, 77,
86, 100, 102, 108, 109, 118, 153, 157-160, 195, 273,
299, 317, 318, 536, 542-49, 551, 557, 624, 627, ii,
69, 98, 105-08, 114, 153, 168, 185, 247, 449, 464, 610;
Greeks in, i, 327, 375, 390, 396;
Romans in, i, 397, 482, 501, 533, 539;
tribes and people of, i, 508, 545-52, ii, 113, 127, 134, 137, 259, 266;
Christianity in, i, 517, 597, 604, 617, ii, 79, 114, 116, 117;
Turks in, i, 618-23, ii, 24, 28, 51, 64, 66, 121, 123;
voyages and travels in, i, 627-29, 642-43, ii, 187, 193, 194, 462
Asia, Central, i, 102, 138, 159, 160, 298, 541, 547, ii, 32, 139, 194, 261;
tribes, people, and civilization of, i, 184, 387, 507, 604, ii, 127
Asia, Eastern, i, 140-41
Asia, South-eastern, languages of, i, 157
Asia, Western, i, 89, 145, ii, 106, 168;
tribes, people, and civilization of, i, 141, 145, 218, 234, ii, 168
Asia Minor, i, 107, 109, 153, 196, 220, 265, 298, 318,
327, 395, 503-06, 509, 617, 622, ii, 28, 114, 137, 153;
tribes and people of, i, 189, 213, 298, 315-17, 388, 447-48;
Greeks in, i, 300, 302, 304, 308, 315-16, 340, ii, 606;
Gauls in, i, 395, 449, ii, 608;
Turks in, ii, 31, 33, 72, 106, 114, 121
Asiatics, intellectual status of, ii, 462
Asoka (ă shō’ ka), King, i, 196, 411, 431, 432, 489,
628, 646, ii, 133, 608
Aspasia (ăs pā’ shi ȧ), i, 345-6, 349-50, 355
Asquith, Rt. Hon. H. H., ii, 432, 496, 518
Ass, wild, i, 217
Assam, ii, 453
Assisi (ă sē’ zi), ii, 93
Assur, i, 192, 412
Assurbanipal. (_See_ Sardanapalus)
Assyria (and Assyrians), i, 192-94, 199, 205, 216, 225, 240,
243-47, 256, 262, 277, 290-95, 300, 315-17, 319, 327, 342,
383, 384, 446, 526, 570, ii, 1, 244, 606
Assyrian language and writing, i, 153, 228
Asteroids, i, 4
Astrologers, ii, 175
Astronomy, i, 5, 240, 364, ii, 37, 114, 175-76
Athanasius, i, 592, 601, 648
Atheism, ii, 333
Athene (ă thē’ nē), i, 348
Athens, i, 262, 302-13, 330-52,
372, 378, 385, 457, 461, 467, 536, 589, 623, ii, 483, 502, 524;
social and political, i, 220, 309-12, 348, 352-57, 368, 460, ii, 147;
literature and learning, i, 343-66, 404, 405, 409, 613,
618, 637, 645, ii, 54, 612
Atkinson, C. F., ii, 332
Atkinson, J. J., i, 79, 125, 257, ii, 341
Atlantic Ocean, i, 75-76, 119, 120, 138, 153, 532, 640, ii, 22, 84, 193, 267;
navigation of, i, 217, ii, 185-88, 192, 387, 617
Atlantosaurus (ăt lăn to saw’ rŭs), i, 42
Atmosphere, i, 4, 5, 34
Aton (ä’ ton), Egyptian god, i, 250
Atonement, i, 575, 588
Attalus (ăt’ _ă_ l_ŭ_s), i, 375
Attalus I, i, 396
Attalus III, i, 397, 483, 499, ii, 609
Attica (ăt’ i k_ă_), i, 332-33, 457
Attila (ăt’ i l_ă_), i, 174, 557-59, 608, 628-29, ii, 42, 611
Aughrim, battle of, ii, 492
Augsburg, ii, 206, 210
Augurs, Roman, i, 464
Augustine, St., Bishop of Hippo, i, 592, 598, 604, 607, 612, ii, 56, 73, 611
Augustus Cæsar, Roman Emperor, i, 513-18, 522, 523, 535, 542, 598, ii, 75, 609
Aurangzeb. (_See_ Aurungzeb)
Aurelian, emperor, i, 528, 535, 553, 602, 617, ii, 610
Aurignac, i, 96
Aurignacian (aw rig nā’ sh_ŭ_n) age, i, 96, 97, 173
Aurochs (aw’ roks), i, 76, 92, 101
Aurungzeb (aw rŭng zāb’), ii, 133, 256, 453, 620
Ausculum, battle of, i, 453, ii, 608
Ausonius (aw sō’ ni ŭs), i, 607
Austerlitz, ii, 362, 622
Austin, Mary, i, 264
Australia, i, 37, 82, 206, 635, ii, 451, 456, 471, 472;
aborigines of, i, 98, 139-40, 172
Australian language, i, 162;
lung-fish, i, 25;
throwing-stick, i, 90
Australoids, i, 139, 141, 148, 159, 206
Austrasia, ii, 45, 47, 48, 613
Austria, ii, 200, 204, 233, 240-44, 251, 278, 314, 320, 327,
378-80, 400, 446-47;
wars with France, ii, 327, 332, 351, 355, 361, 368, 441, 621;
war with Prussia, ii, 442-45, 623;
in Great War, ii, 510, 531, 566, 624
Autocracy, i, 342, ii, 220
Automobiles, ii, 392
Avars, i, 560, 564, 616, 620, ii, 24, 48, 69, 113
Avebury, i, 110, 183, 196, 448
Avebury, Lord, i, 80, 106-07, 110, 115, 118, 134, ii, 426
Averroes (ă ver’ ō ēz), ii, 37, 88, 168, 171, 615
Avicenna (ăv i sen’ ă), ii, 37, 168, 614
Avignon (ă vē nyo_n_’), ii, 84, 99, 127, 148, 617
Axes, ancient, i, 104-07, 112-14, 132
Axis of earth, i, 57
Ayesha (I’ _ĕ_ shă), ii, 12, 26
Azilian age, i, 90, 94, 97, 101, 120, 133, 152
Azoic (ă zo’ ik) period, i, 9, 14, 17, 30
Azores, ii, 185
Aztecs, ii, 189-90
B
Baal, i, 237, 283, 292
Baalbek (bäl bek’), i, 621, ii, 3
Babel, Tower of, i, 190
Baber, ii, 133, 200, 256, 618
Baboons, i, 65, 67, 230
Babylon (and Babylonia), i, 192-201, 218-23, 228, 245-60,
263-67, 277-79, 290-95,
315, 317, 319-20, 326, 342, 364, 383, 385, 389, 394, 411-12, 416, 424,
436, 449, 483, 497, 508, 509, 533, 570, 583, 619-23, 631, 632,
ii, 1, 71, 130, 276, 342, 606, 607;
religion of, i, 238-42, 245-48, 278, 296, 400, 431
Bacchus, i, 515
Bacharach, ii, 180
Back Bay, ii, 290
Bacon, Francis, Lord Verulam, i, 358, ii, 166, 176, 619
Bacon, Roger, ii, 168, 172-77, 385, 616
Bactria (and Bactrians), i, 385, 387-90, 396, 549, 616, ii, 138
Baden, ii, 445
Badr (bäd’ _ĕ_r), battle of, ii, 8, 28, 612
Baedeker, ii, 242
Baganda, i, 206
Bagaudæ, ii, 157
Bagdad, ii, 31-38, 61, 64, 70, 71, 76, 80, 106, 113, 126, 130, 522, 613, 618
Bagoas (bă gō’ ăs), i, 342
Bahamas, ii, 254, 255, 471
Baikal (bī käl’), ii, 108
Baldwin of Flanders, ii, 81, 168, 229
Balearic Isles, i, 556
Balfour, Rt. Hon. A. J., ii, 552
Balkan peninsula, i, 102, 153, 196, 298, 300, 317, 395, 451,
ii, 58, 122, 139, 184, 446, 501, 509, 606, 624
Balkash, lake, ii, 108
Balkh, ii, 118
Ball, Dyer, i, 642
Ball, John, ii, 155, 156
Ball, Sir Robert, i, 30
Balliol College, ii, 96
Balloons, i, 5
Baltic Sea, i, 59, 102, 153, 159, 171, 510, 533, 539,
549-53, 641, ii, 53, 65, 71, 129, 182, 233, 235-36, 251, 266, 526
Baltimore, Lord, ii, 281
Baluchistan. (_See_ Beluchistan)
Bambyce (băm bī´ sē), i, 621
Bannockburn, ii, 175
Bantu, i, 158, 162, 189
Barbados, ii, 254
Barbarians, ii, 267-69
Barbarossa, Frederick. (_See_ Frederick I, emperor)
Barber, M. H., ii, 503
Barbusse, ii, 513
Barca family, i, 472, 473
Barcelona, ii, 51, 180
Bards, i, 172, 230
Baring, Maurice, ii, 503
Barley, i, 113, 172, 558
Baroda (bă rō´ d_ă_), ii, 257
Barons, Revolt of the, ii, 219
Barras (bä rä´), ii, 339, 350
Barrows, i, 109, 117, 144, 168, 171, 175, 176, 183, 196, 197
Barry, Comtesse du. (_See_ Du Barry)
Basle, Council of, ii, 100, 153, 617
Basque language, i, 161, 162, 167, 189;
race, i, 161, 162, 168, ii, 490
Basra, ii, 36, 522
Bassett, ii, 282
Bassompierre, ii, 318
Bastille, ii, 313, 621
Basu, Bhupendranath, i, 179, 181, 182
Basutoland, ii, 472
Batavian Republic, ii, 347
Bateman, T., i, 134
Bats, i, 43
Bauer, i, 359
Bauernstand, i, 268
Bavaria (and Bavarians), ii, 48, 57, 178, 445, 485
Bayezid (bï _ĕ_ zēd´) II, Sultan, ii, 126, 617
Baylen, ii, 364
Bazaine, General, ii, 445
Beaconsfield, Earl of, ii, 227, 426, 430, 436, 447, 455, 487
Beal, i, 642 \
Bears, i, 69, 76, 78, 93, 94
Beauharnais, Josephine de, ii, 350, 364, 374
Beauty, artistic, i, 215
Beaver, European, i, 69
Beazley, Raymond, ii, 67, 129, 185
Bede, the Venerable, i, 608, ii, 50, 613
Bedouins, i, 264, 278, 622, ii, 3, 8, 10, 17, 24
Beech, fossil, i, 51
Beer, G. L., ii, 287
Bees, i, 51
Behar, ii, 608
Behring Straits, i, 57, 102, 159, 160
Bektashi, order of dervishes, ii, 122
Bel, i, 245, 246, 283, 326
Belgium, ii, 46, 78, 199, 230, 327, 331, 332, 339, 347, 371, 381, 509-14, 622
Belisarius, i, 611, ii, 612
Bellarmine (bel´ ăr mēn), card., ii, 164
_Bellerophon_ (b_ĕ_ ler´ _ŏ_ fon), frigate, ii, 372
Bel-Marduk (bel mär´ dook), i, 245-52, 385, 412, 602
Belshazzar, i, 247, 326
Beluchistan (bel oo chi stän´), ii, 471;
languages of, i, 189
Benaiah, i, 287
Benares (be nä´ rēz), i, 417-22, 427, 449, 548, 628
Benedict, St., i, 610-14, ii, 35, 97, 611, 612
Benedictines, i, 612-13, ii, 149, 165
Beneventum, i, 454
Bengal, i, 181, 388, 416, 419, ii, 133, 257, 258
Bengal, Bay of, i, 160
Benin, i, 489
Benjamin, tribe of, i, 284
Benson, Hugh, i, 591
Beowulf (bā´ ō wulf), i, 176, 182, 198
Berar, ii, 133
Berber language, i, 154, 161, 168
Berbers, i, 206, 472, 565, ii, 41
Bergen, ii, 180, 182, 185
Berkeley, George, ii, 492
Berlière, i, 612
Berlin, Treaty of, ii, 447, 475, 558, 623
Bermuda, ii, 471
Bernard, brother, ii, 94
Bes, Egyptian god, i, 236
Bessemer process, ii, 388
Bessus, satrap, i, 385-86
Bethlehem, i, 574
Beth-shan, i, 286
Bhurtpur (bhũrt poor´), ii, 256
Bible, the, i, 193, 281, 282, 290, 402, 411, 570, 572,
ii, 60, 92, 96, 150, 151,
159, 162, 167, 211, 244
Bigg, C., i, 625
Birch tree, i, 51
Birds, i, 5, 43, 44, 45, 54
Birkenhead, Lord. (_See_ Smith, Sir F. E.)
Birkett, ii, 129
Birth-rate in ancient Athens, i, 314
Biscay, Bay of, ii, 361
Bismarck, Prince, ii, 442-46, 482, 483, 623
Bison (bī´ s_ŏ_n), i, 69, 70, 76, 92, 93, 101, 207
Bithynia, i, 395, 483, 500-06, 511, 560, 600
Black Death, ii, 153-54, 617
Black Friars, ii, 95
Black Hundred, ii, 424
Black lead, i, 9
Black Prince, ii, 179
Black Sea, i, 120, 153, 159, 196, 260, 299, 300, 316,
340, 346, 395, 508, 510, 549-53, 600, 606, 621, ii, 66, 71, 76, 110
Blake, Admiral, ii, 225, 257
Bleriot, M., ii, 624
Blind bards, i, 174
Blood sacrifice, i, 588, 590, ii, 149
Blue Mountains, ii, 280
Blücher, Marshal, ii, 371
Blues, faction of the, ii, 247
Blumenbach, i, 141
Blunt, W. S., i, 146, ii, 500
Bo Tree, i, 421, 432
Boadicea (bō ă di sē´ ă), i, 526, ii, 609
Boars, i, 69
Boats, i, 209-12.
(_See also_ Ships)
Body, painting of, i, 93, 99, 100
Bœtia (bē ō´ shi ă), i, 337
Boer Republics, ii, 460, 483, 489
Boer War, i, 485, ii, 424, 460, 623
Boethius (bō ē´ thi ŭs), ii. 37
Bohemia (and Bohemians), i, 554, ii, 51, 76, 152, 153, 162, 234
Bohemond, ii, 79
Bokhara (bō khä´ rä), i, 546, ii, 37, 110, 118
Boleyn, Anne, ii, 206
Bolivar (bol´ i vär), General, ii, 378
Bologna (bō lōn´ yă), ii, 167, 168, 180, 205
Bolshevists, ii, 411, 527, 536, 539, 624
Bombay, ii, 258
Bonaparte, Joseph, ii, 361, 364, 378, 622
Bonaparte, Louis, ii, 361
Bonaparte, Lucien, ii, 354
Bonaparte, Napoleon.
(_See_ Napoleon I)
Boncelles (bo_n_ sel´), i, 67
Bone carvings, i, 95-99;
implements, i, 90, 96-99, 114
Boniface, St., ii, 48, 51, 613
Boniface VIII, Pope, ii, 99, 616
Boniface, Roman Governor, i, 556
Book-keeping, Aramean, i, 258
Books, i, 253, 405-09, ii, 159.
(_See also_ Printing)
Bordeaux, ii, 180
Borgia, Alexander.
(_See_ Alexander VI, Pope)
Borgia, Cæsar and Lucrezia, ii, 195-96
Boris, king of Bulgaria, ii, 70, 614
Borneo, i, 147, 148, 640
Bosnia, ii, 484, 624
Bosphorus, i, 120, 153, 302, 303,
315, 327, 329, 334, 340, 380,
395, 561, 600, 619, 621, ii, 29, 31, 78, 122
Bosses, American, i, 308
Boston, Mass., ii, 289-94
Bostra, i, 623
Botany Bay, ii, 451
Botticelli (bot i chel’ i), ii, 184
Boulogne, ii, 180, 362
Bourbon, Constable of, ii, 204, 618
Bourbon, Duke of, ii, 314
Bourbons, ii, 327, 356, 370, 371
Bourgeois (boor zhwä’), Léon, ii, 560
Bournville, ii, 406
Bow and arrow, i, 98, 114, 507-08
Bowmen, Mongol, ii, 119
Boxer rising, ii, 463, 624
Boyle, Robert, ii, 390, 492
Boyne, battle of the, ii, 492, 620
Brachiopods (brăk’ i ō podz), i, 10, 21
Brachycephalic (brăk i s_ĕ_ făl’ ik) skull, i, 142, 143
Brahe (brä’ h_ĕ_), Tycho, ii, 175, 619
Brahma, i, 437, ii, 134
Brahminism (and Brahmins),
i, 269-72, 416-17, 427, 430, 440, 629, 645-48, ii, 108, 137, 256, 454
Brailsford, ii, 543
Brain, i, 56, 79, 87
Brandenburg, elector of, ii, 236
Brass, i, 106
Brazil, ii, 192, 193, 200, 444
Bread in Neolithic Age, i, 113
Bread-fruit tree, i, 51
Breasted, J. H., i, 248, 256, 294
Breathing, i, 23-28
Bréhier, L., ii, 61
Bremen, ii, 69, 180, 182
Brennus, i, 450, ii, 607
Breslau, ii, 180
Brest-Litovsk (brest lē tovsk’), ii, 530
Breton language, i, 168
Briareus (brī’ ă roos), i, 274
Brienne, ii, 349
Brindisi (brēn’ dē zē), ii, 67
Bristol, ii, 154
Britain, i, 59, 113, 145, 196, 273, 489, 534, 613, ii, 41, 51, 66;
invasions of, ii, 554, 605, ii, 130, 610, 611;
Roman, i, 219, 507, 509, 522, 525, 526, 564, i, 40, 50, 610;
Keltic, i, 299, 554.
(_See also_ England _and_ Great Britain)
British Army, officers of, ii, 516
British Association, ii, 420
British Channel, i, 170
British Civil Air Transport Commission, ii, 392
British Empire
(1815), ii, 451;
(1914), ii, 470-72
British Empire, political life of, i, 493
British Museum, i, 630, ii, 398
“British” nationality, ii, 488-89
“British schools,” ii, 396
Britons, ancient.
(_See_ Britain)
Brittany, i, 147, 171, 554, ii, 52, 200
Broglie, Marshal de, ii, 313
Brontosaurus (bron tö saw’ rŭs), i, 40
Bronze, i, 106, 118, 172, 173, 207;
Chinese vessels of, i, 204;
ornaments, i, 114;
weapons, i, 106
Bronze Age, i, 97, 108, 132, 133, 196, 197, 213
Brown, Campbell, ii, 38
Browne, Jukes, i, 50, 119
Bruce, Robert the, ii, 179
Bruges (broozh), ii, 180, 182, 229
Brunellesco (broo ne les’ kō), ii, 183
Brunswick, Duke of, ii, 327, 330
Brussels, ii, 331, 514
Brutus, i, 490, 513
Bryce, ii, 54
Bubonic plague, i, 608
Buch, C. D., i, 300
Bucknall, i, 50
Buda-Pesth (boo’ dă pest), ii, 205
Buddha (bood’ă), i, 196, 270, 420, 422, 433, 438, 449, 533,
573-74, 582, 586, 591, 610, 624,
626, 645, 646-47, ii, 13, 93, 263, 296, 607;
life of, i, 416 _sqq._;
teaching of, i, 422 _sqq._, 436, ii, 16, 402
Buddhism, i, 270, 411, 416 _sqq._, 582, 610, 626, 629,
632, 639, 645, 646, ii, 6,
106, 108, 114, 119, 127, 261.
(_See also_ Buddha)
Buddhist art, i, 428
Budge, Wallis, i, 197, 198, 249
Buffon, Comte de, ii, 419, 426
Building, i, 197
Bulgaria (and Bulgarians), i, 328, 522, 553, 606, ii, 24,
58, 69-72, 92, 97, 122-24, 130, 446, 501, 502, 522, 531, 614
Bulgarian atrocities, ii, 623
Bulgarian language, i, 168
Bull fights, Cretan, i, 274
Bunbury, i, 217
Bürgerstand, i, 268
Burgoyne, General, ii, 292
Burgundy (and Burgundians), i, 554, 606, ii, 48, 178, 200, 229, 244, 320
Burial, early, i, 84. 93, 109, 117, 123, 130, 167, 171, 175, 197, 545
Burke, Edmund, ii, 289, 492
Burmah (and Burmese), i, 114, 203, ii, 119, 262, 471
Burmese language, i, 157
Burnet, i, 349
Burning the dead, i, 171
Burrell, Prof., i, 6
Burton, Richard, i, 189
Bury, J. B., i, 305, 327, 454, 464, ii, 112
Bushman language, i, 162
Bushmen, i, 68, 95, 98, 141, 224
Butler, M. E., i, 85
Butler, Samuel, i, 150
Butter in Neolithic Age, i, 112
Butterflies, i, 17, 51
Buxar, ii, 258, 621
Byng, L. C., i, 541
Byzantine architecture, ii, 60
Byzantine church.
(_See_ Greek Church)
Byzantine Empire, i, 522, 562, 606, 617, 636, ii, 17-21,
24, 28, 39, 42, 53, 58,
60, 64-69, 72, 76, 79, 80, 81, 182, 613, 614
Byzantium (bi zăn’ tyŭm), i, 380,
634, ii, 18, 31, 35, 57, 62, 74, 105, 126, 129,
247. (_See also_ Constantinople)
Cabul (kä’ bul), i, 386, ii, 133
Cadbury, Messrs., ii, 406
Cadiz (kā’ diz), ii, 352
Caen (kā_n_), ii, 325
Cæsar, title, etc., i, 526, 564, 581, 589, 594, ii, 56, 59
Cæsar, Julius, i, 113, 133, 196, 399,
465, 487, 493, 505, 510-17, 529, 534, 542,
ii, 51, 351, 353, 609
Cæsars, the, i, 526, 538, 560
Cahors, ii, 202
Caiaphas (kī’ _ă_ făs), i, 585
Caillaux, M., ii, 510
Cainozoic (kī n_ŏ_ zō’ ik) period, i, 12, 13, 14, 35, 37, 46, 49-56, 66
Cairo, ii, 36, 37
Calabria, i, 476, ii, 67, 68
Calcutta, ii, 258;
University Commission, ii, 137
Calder, Admiral, ii, 362
Calendar, the, i, 129
Calicut, ii, 187, 257
California, i, 264
Californian Indians, i, 98
Caligula (kă lig’ ū lă), i, 525, ii, 609
Caliphs, ii, 17, 18, 24-34, 41, 61, 64, 71, 126, 144, 612, 613, 618
Callicratidas (kă li krā’ ti dăs), i, 378
Callimachus (kă lim´ ă kŭs), i, 405
Callisthenes (kă lis´ th_ĕ_ nēz), i, 392
Calmette, ii, 510
Calonne, ii, 312, 323
Calvinism, ii, 164
Cambodia, i, 640
Cambridge, ii, 180;
University of, i, 530, ii, 437, 486
Cambridge, Mass., ii, 291
“Cambulac,” ii, 118
Cambyses (kăm bī´ sēz), i, 326, 382, ii, 607
Camels, i, 56, 217, 323
Camillus (că mil´ ŭs), i, 459, 483, 499, 502, ii, 607
Campanella, ii, 211
Campo Formio, peace of, ii, 351, 621
Camptosaurus (kămp tō saw´ rus) i, 40
Canaan (and the Canaanites), i, 278-83, ii, 1
Canada, i, 9, 161, ii, 254, 279, 285, 292, 451, 457, 471, 472, 621
Canadian dawn animal, i, 9
Canary Isles, ii, 185
Candahar, i, 389
Candles, ceremonial, i, 413, 414
Candolle (kä_n_ dōl´), de, i, 184
Cannæ (kăn´ ē), battle of, i, 476, 479, ii, 608
Cannes, ii, 371
Cannibalism, i, 167, ii, 156, 189, 190
Canning, George, ii, 436
Cannon, ii, 235, 268
Canoes, i, 210
Canterbury, ii, 50;
archbishops of, ii, 50, 613
Canton, i, 634, 642, 647
Canusium (că nūz´ i ŭm), i, 536
Canute, ii, 66, 614
Cape Colony, ii, 460
Capernaum, i, 584
Capet (kă pā´), Hugh, ii, 62, 178, 614
Capitalism, ii, 168, 276, 398-99, 407-08, 535
Caporetto, battle of, ii, 529
Cappadocia, i, 323, 395, 620, 623
Capua (kăp´ ū ă), i, 476, 505
Carboniferous rocks, i, 29
Cardinals, ii, 100, 127
Caria (kā´ ri ă), i, 375, 621
Caribou (kăr i boo´), i, 78, 124, 137
Carlovingians, ii, 62, 614
Carlyle, Thomas, ii, 240, 307, 313 _sqq._, 336
Carnac, i, 109, 171
Carnivores, early type of, i, 56
Carnivorous animals, i, 43
Carnot (kär nō´), L. N. M., ii, 339, 350
Carolana, ii, 282
Carolina, ii, 253, 282, 283, 284, 290
Carpathians, ii, 69
Carrhæ, i, 508, 540, 616, ii, 609
Carson, Sir Edward, i, 312, ii, 424, 497, 498, 499
Carthage (and the Carthaginians), i, 196, 212, 216-18, 241,
274, 294, 303, 352, 382, 401, 445, 448, 453, 497,
509-14, 532, 550, 556, 560, 569, 571, ii, 41, 89, 144c, 184, 606, 608;
war with Rome, i, 453, 467-85
Carvings, Palæolithic.
(_See_ Art)
Casement, Sir Roger, ii, 499
Cash, Chinese, i, 631
Caspian Sea, i, 120, 153, 159, 196, 299, 317, 318,
327, 387, 507, 509, 542, 549,
553, 627, 634, ii, 67, 110, 154, 609, 610, 615
Caspian-Pamir region, i, 549
Cassander, i, 395
Cassiodorus (kăs i ō dōr´ ŭs), i, 612, 614, ii, 36, 40, 612
Cassiterides (kăs i ter´ i dēz), i, 217
Cassius, Spurius, i, 458
Caste, i, 268-71, 416, 431
Castelmaine, Lady, ii, 226
Castile, ii, 188, 200
Cat, i, 56, 230
Catalonians, ii, 185
Catapult, i, 372
Caterpillars, i, 83
Cathars, ii, 92
“Cathay,” ii, 118
Catherine the Great, ii, 242, 264, 267, 303, 620
Catherine II, ii, 251, 363
Catholicism, ii, 142, 147-50, 160 _sqq._,
164, 171, 194, 211, 234, 239, 248,
281, 490-94
Catiline, i, 511
Cato, Marcus Porcius, i, 473, 477, 479, 486, 489, 498, 528
Cattle, i, 69, 105, 219.
(_See also_ Animals)
Caucasian languages, i, 151, 189
Caucasians, i, 141-42, 151-159, ii, 142
Caucasus (kaw´ kă sŭs), i, 106, 141, 161, 327, 620
Caudine Forks, ii, 608
Cavaliers, ii, 222-23
Cavalry, i, 370
Cave drawings, i, 93, 94;
dwellings, i, 167;
men, i, 66, 72, 76, 78, 88
Cavour, ii, 441
Cawnpore, ii, 455
Caxton, William, ii, 159
Celebes (sel’ e bēz), pile dwellings, i, 109
Celibacy, i, 414, ii, 74, 149
Celsus, i, 403
Celt-Iberian script, i, 228
Celtic. (_See_ Keltic)
Celts, bronze, i, 132
Cenotaph (Whitehall), ii, 568
Cephalus (sef’ ă lŭs), i, 306
Ceremonies, early use of, i, 127
Cervantes (sũr văn’ tēz), ii, 140
Ceylon, i, 421, 432, 533, 643, ii, 257, 471
Chadwick, i, 177
Chæronea (kēr ō nē’ ă), battle of, i, 369, 372, ii, 607
Chalcedon (kăl sē’ d_ŏ_n), i, 602, 618
Chaldea (and the Chaldeans), i, 194, 200, 247, 265, 291,
319, 344, 385, 508, ii, 1, 607
Chaldean writing, i, 228
Chalons, ii, 322
Champagne, depart., ii, 330, 517, 527
Chancellor, Lord, of England, ii, 162
Chandernagore, ii, 258
Chandragupta (chăn dră goop’ t_ă_), i, 430, 445, ii, 608
Chang Daoling, i, 433
Chang-tu, i, 434
Channa, the charioteer, i, 417
Channing, ii, 278, 280, 294, 338
Chapman, G., i, 175
Charcoal, ii, 275
Chariots, i, 177, 192, 370, 384
Charlemagne, emperor, i, 433, 560, 632, 633,
ii, 47-48, 51-54, 56-62, 69, 97, 98,
116, 133, 148, 199, 208, 215, 238, 360, 361, 614
Charles V, emperor, ii, 140, 164, 182, 199 _sqq._,
229, 232, 242, 376, 618
Charles I, king of England, ii, 217-25, 236, 240,
253, 281-82, 317, 376
Charles II, king of England, ii, 177, 225, 238,
243, 253, 281-82, 376
Charles VII, king of France, ii, 179
Charles IX, king of France, ii, 282
Charles X, king of France, ii, 314, 378, 622
Charles III, king of Spain, ii, 267
_Charlotte Dundas_, steamboat, ii, 387
Charmides (kär’ mi dēz), i, 351
Charon, i, 489
Charter House, London, ii, 154
Château Thierry, ii, 531
Châteauroux, Duchess of, ii, 240
Chatham, Earl of.
(_See_ Pitt, William)
Chaucer, ii, 160
Cheese, i, 112
Chellean age, i, 60, 70, 78-81, 87
Chelles, i, 78
Chemistry, ii, 38
Chemosh (kē’ mosh), i, 288
Chen, L. Y., i, 208, 211, 253, 641
Chen Tuan, i, 433
Cheops (kē’ ops), i, 198
Chephren (kef’ ren), i, 198, 248-49
Cherry-tree, i, 505
Chieftains, i, 134, 178
Child labour, ii, 404-05
Chimpanzee, i, 63, 67-74, 218
Chin, absence of, i, 72
China, i, 83, 106, 114, 160, 432, 532, 626, 627,
ii, 17, 117, 134, 179, 194, 261-62;
history (_early history and Great age of_), i,
196, 201-06, 252-53, 271-72, 388, 449, 508, 528,
541-43, 545-50, 617, 630-36, ii, 606, 610, 612;
(_10th to 18th century_), ii, 106, 108-14, 127-28,
130, 134, 154, 261-62, 266,
616, 617;
(_20th century_), ii, 461-69, 624;
Christianity in, i, 604, ii, 116-17, 119, 166;
civilization and culture, i, 147, 148, 183, 196,
201-03, 208, 271-72, 307, 408,
541, 543, 626-27, 630-31, 633 _sqq._, ii, 38, 106, 147, 159;
other religions of, i, 252, 428-29, 433, 437, ii, 261;
social, i, 181, 269-70, 271-72, 497, 630, ii, 464.
(_See also_ Chow, Han, Kin, Ming, Shang, Sung, Suy,
Tang, Tsing, Wei, and Yuan dynasties)
China, Great Wall of, i, 205, 272, 526, 643, ii, 608
Chinese, the, i, 63, 157;
classics, i, 225, 639;
coinage, i, 631;
emperor, i, 240, 252, 557;
language, i, 157, 158, 162, 224-26, 638;
script, i, 224-27, 272, 638-40, ii, 262
Chios (kī’ os), ii, 79
Chnemu, Egyptian god, i, 239
Chosroes (koz’ rō ēz) I, i, 618, ii, 22, 211, 612
Chosroes II, i, 523, 618-19, 624, ii, 3, 17, 82, 612
Chow dynasty, i, 196, 204, 205, 253, 433, ii, 606
Christ. (_See_ Jesus of Nazareth)
Christ Church, Oxford, ii, 427
Christian IX, ii, 442
Christian era, ii, 609
Christian science, ii, 169
Christianity, i, 296, 519, 569, 617, ii, 129, 161, 244, 264-65, 421, 422;
history (_early_), i, 491, 586 _sqq._, 601-05, ii, 51, 53-54, 611;
(_middle ages_), ii, 50 _sqq._, 63, 71-75, 84-86, 95-96, 151-53;
and Buddhism, i, 429, 441;
and Islam, ii, 14-16, 20-21, 28-34, 41 _sqq._, 63-64, 80 _sqq._, 114-15, 149;
and Judaism, ii, 149;
and learning, i, 609 _sqq._;
missions and propaganda, i, 488, 617, 625, 634, ii, 3-6, 48-54,
70, 114-22, 126-27, 134, 146-47, 357, 394-96, 465;
official, i, 601 _sqq._, ii, 54, 265, 418, 425;
ritual of, i, 413-14, 441, 538-39, 591-92, ii, 90-91, 148-152;
sects, i, 592, ii, 35, 106, 116-17;
spirit of, i, 414, 538-39, 576-77, ii, 157-58, 402.
(_See also_ Jesus of Nazareth)
Chronicles, book of the, i, 282
Chronology, ii, 51
Ch’u, state of, i, 205
Chu Hsi, i, 641
Church, the, i, 600-05, ii, 38, 85-88, 91, 92, 97-101,
150, 164, 176, 177-78, 272, 617
Church, Sir A. H., i, 7
Churches, orientation of, i, 238
Churchill, Rt. Hon. Winston, ii, 523
Cicero, M. Tullius, i, 131, 487, 491, 513, 516
Cilicia, i, 487, 620, ii, 72, 79, 118
Cilician Gates, ii, 32, 78
Cimmerians, i, 300, 316, 318, 388, 543, ii, 121
Cincinnatus, Order of, ii, 357
Circumcision, i, 147
Cistercian order, ii, 150
Citizenship, i, 309, 311-12
City States, Chinese, i, 204;
Greek, i, 305-14, 362, 363, 370, 454;
Sumerian, i, 191
Civilization, i, 635 _sqq._, ii, 138, 144, 157-58, 216;
Aegean, i, 213-16;
Hellenic, i, 302 _sqq._;
prehistoric, i, 145, 169 _sqq._, 175-78;
primitive, i, 182-208, ii, 143.
(_See also_ Culture)
Clans, i, 171
Class consciousness, ii, 399, 407-08;
distinction, i, 188, 267-68;
war, i, 168
Classes, social, i, 263-72
Classics, study of the, ii, 390, 428
Classification, ii, 169
Claudian, the historian, i, 607
Claudius, emperor (A.D. 41-54), i, 525, 528, ii, 609
Claudius, emperor (A.D. 268-270), i, 553, ii, 610
Claudius, Appius, decemvir, i, 458
Claudius, Appius, the Censor, i, 461-466
Claudius, Consul, i, 468
Clay documents, i, 190, 197-98, 246;
modelling, Palæolithic, i, 95, 99
Clemenceau, G. B., ii, 552-56, 566, 624
Clement V (pope), ii, 99, 616
Clement VII (anti-pope), ii, 100, 617
Cleon, i, 350
Cleopatra, i, 510-15
Cleopatra (wife of Philip II), i, 374, 376
Clergy, taxation of, ii, 86
Clermont, ii, 74, 615
_Clermont_, steamer, ii, 387
Cleveland, President, ii, 505
Climate, change of, i, 18, 20, 30-37, 46,
51, 52, 57, 100, 108, 170, 177, 317, 545, 550;
effect of, i, 35-36, 232, 317
Clitus (klī’ tŭs), i, 392, ii, 145
Clive, Robert, Lord, ii, 258, 453, 487, 621
Clodius, i, 511
Clothing, i, 99, 109, 114
Clovis, ii, 46, 47, 611
Cluniac order, ii, 150
Clyde, Firth of, ii, 387
Cnossos (nos’ os), i, 196, 213-16, 223, 234, 257,
264, 281, 300, 303, 315, 318, 354, 446, 447, ii, 605
Coal, i, 28, 29, 34, 38, 635, ii, 275, 386, 392
Cockroaches, i, 28
Code Napoléon, ii, 358
Cogul, i, 354
Coinage, earliest, i, 220;
Athenian, i, 220;
Bactrian, i, 396;
Carthaginian, i, 468;
Ephthalite, i, 629;
Lydian, i, 316;
pre-Roman British, i, 396;
Roman, i, 455, 471
Coinage of stamped leather, ii, 89
Coke, ii, 275
Cole, Langton, i, 212
Collectivism, ii, 412
Cologne, ii, 60, 180, 182
Colonies, British, ii, 279-83, 471;
scramble for, ii, 449-61
Colorado, i, 39
Colosseum, i, 609, ii, 41
Columba, St., ii, 50
Columbus, Bartholomew, ii, 186
Columbus, Christopher, ii, 185 _sqq._, 200, 605, 617
Comedy, Greek, i, 363
Comet, i, 4, 608
Commagene (kom _ă_ jē’ nē), i, 621
Commodus (kom’ _ŏ_ dŭs), i, 527-29
Commons, House of, ii, 219-28, 236, 286, 298, 313, 400
Commune, French Revolution, ii, 328, 336
Communism, ii, 153-58, 270 _sqq._, 341, 410, 412
Communities, i, 171, ii, 142-48
Community of obedience, ii, 296;
of will, ii, 296
Comnena, Anna.
(_See_ Anna)
Comnenus, Alexius.
(_See_ Alexius)
“Companions,” equestrian order, i, 369, 371
Compass, i, 635, ii, 193
Concert of Europe, ii, 373, 377, 384
Concord, Mass., ii, 290, 294
Concord, Temple of, i, 499, ii, 607
Condor, the, i, 5
Condorcet (ko_n_ dôr sā’), ii, 358
Confucianism, i, 433-40, 642
Confucius, i, 196, 270, 433-40, 449, 582, 618, 624, 636, ii, 607
Congo, i, 159, ii, 460
Congregationalism, ii, 163
Congress, American, ii, 300
Congress, 1st Colonial, ii, 290
Conifers, i, 38
Connecticut, ii, 281, 282, 290, 296
Conrad II, ii, 63
Conrad III, ii, 63, 80
Constance, ii, 151
Constance, Council of, ii, 96, 100, 151, 617
Constantine I the Great, i, 433, 488, 517,
529, 553, 560, 594, 597, 602, 615, 617, 618, 625, 647, 648,
ii, 82, 133, 136, 268, 611, 612
Constantine, King of Greece, ii, 524
Constantinople, i, 554, 557, 559-65, 600-08, 614-19,
ii, 2, 18-20, 24, 28, 57, 67, 70-72, 76-82, 97, 110,
118-24, 141, 168, 182, 247, 440, 483,
502, 509, 611, 612, 613, 614, 615, 616, 617.
(_See also_ Byzantium)
Consuls, Roman, i, 455
Convicts sent to New England, ii, 284
Cooking, i, 105, 106, 113
Co-operative Societies, ii, 406
Copernicus (kō per’ ni kŭs), ii, 175, 618
Copper, i, 4, 105, 207, 217, ii, 189, 389
Copper axes, i, 132
Coptic language, i, 154
Coracles, i, 209
Corday, Charlotte, ii, 325
Cordoba (kôr’ dō bă), ii, 36, 37
Corfinium, i, 464
Corfu (kôr foo’), ii, 180
Corinth (and Corinthians), i, 303,
321, 336, 375, 382, 485, 491, 497, 509, 511, 536, 560, 589, ii, 608
Corinth, isthmus of, i, 336
Cornish people, i, 152
“Cornstalks,” i, 143
Cornwall, i, 106, 217, 605, ii, 40, 51, 225
Cornwallis, General, ii, 292
Corrosive sublimate, ii, 38
Corsets, i, 214
Corsica, i, 471, 556, ii, 348-49
Cortez, ii, 189-90, 618
Corvus, the, i, 470
Cossacks, ii, 129, 244, 259-61
Coster, printer, ii, 159, 617
Cotton industry, ii, 275
Cotylosaur (kot’ i lō sawr), i, 27
Councils, Church, ii, 74, 95, 100, 151, 153, 167, 611, 617
Counting, i, 151
“Counts of Asia Minor,” ii, 137
Court system, i, 263
Couvade (ku väd’), i, 147
Cow, sacred to Brahmins, ii, 454
Cow deities, i, 237
Cox, Hippesley, i, 110
Crab-apples, i, 113
Crabs, i, 10
Crabtree, Rev. W., i, 189
Cranach, ii, 203
Cranium, of apes, i, 72;
Piltdown.
(_See_ Piltdown)
Crassus, i, 352, 478, 507-11, 549, 616, ii, 19, 609
Crawley, A. E., i, 131
Creation, story of, i, 278, 293, ii, 418-20
Crécy, ii, 179
Crediton, ii, 51
Creeds, Christian, i, 592, 609, ii, 73, 611
Cremation, i, 171
_Cressy_, cruiser, ii, 520
Cretan Labyrinth, i, 214-16;
language, i, 162, 289;
script, i, 228
Crete (and Cretans), i, 104, 189, 196, 212-16, 234, 274, 282, 315, 316
Crimea, ii, 118, 153
Crimean War, ii, 440, 623
Criminals, Roman, i, 490-91;
used for vivisection, i, 403, 404
Crispus, son of Constantine, i, 599
Critias, i, 331
Croatia, i, 616
Crocodiles, i, 41, 46
Crœsus (krē’ sŭs), i, 220, 314, 320-26, 416, ii, 607
Croll, i, 30
Cro-Magnon race, i, 87, 88-95, 99-100
Cromwell, Oliver, ii, 222-25, 284, 287, 491
Cromwell, Thomas, ii, 197
Cross, in Buddhist ritual, i, 429;
true, i, 618, ii, 21, 82
Crown, the power of the, ii, 228
Crucifixion, i, 550, 590
Crusades, ii, 34, 75 _sqq._, 80-84, 94, 97,
124, 152, 179, 229, 397, 615, 616, 617
Crustaceans, i, 25
Crystal Palace, ii, 437
Crystals, i, 9, 17
Ctesiphon (tes’ i fon), i, 618, 622, 624, 626, 634, ii, 22, 31, 82, 129, 522
Cuba, ii, 193, 451, 506
Cubit, length of, i, 290
Culture, Aryan, i, 171-82;
Heliolithic, i, 147-49, 162, 171, 177, 184,
188, 196, 201, 207-13, 223, 415;
Neolithic, i, 104-5, 107-8, 110 _sqq._, 128,
146, 149, 152, 172-73, 184-88, 197, 203, 205-8, 415;
prehistoric and primitive, i, 76 _sqq._, 122 _sqq._
(_See also_ Civilization)
Cumont, i, 412, 590
Cuneiform (kū’ nē i fôrm), i, 191, 227, 274
Cup, pebble, i, 90
Currency, ii, 342-47, 385, 406, 413, 535
Cusæans, i, 394
Custozza, ii, 445
Cuvier (ku vyā), ii, 419
Cyaxares (si ăk’ să rēz), i, 319, ii, 607
Cycads (sī’ kădz), i, 38, 51
Cynics, i, 360
Cyprus, i, 106, 213, 331, 340, 380, 395, ii, 447
Cyrenaica (sir ē nā’ i kă), i, 500
Cyrene (sī rē’ nē), i, 529
Cyrus, the Great, i, 194, 196, 220, 248,
260, 278, 292, 314, 320-26, 370, 389,
416, 445, 523, 542, 622, 624, ii, 607
Cyrus, the Younger, i, 342
Czecho-Slovaks, ii, 380
Czechs (cheks), i, 554, ii, 153
Dacia, i, 526, 553, 564, ii, 71
Dædalus (dē’ d_ă_ lŭs), i, 215
Dagon, i, 245, 412
Dalai Lama (dä lī’ lă’ mä), i, 438
Dalmatia, i, 37, 554, 606, 616, ii, 51, 57, 564, 611, 613
Damascus, i, 102, 218, 273, 523, 618, 623, ii, 1, 18, 20, 28, 31, 37, 154, 612
Damask, i, 273
Damietta, ii, 82
Damon, friend of Pericles, i, 349
Dancing, i, 174, 354
Danelaw, ii, 54, 614
Danes, ii, 53, 54, 66, 228, 614
Daniel, book of, i, 277
Danish language, i, 168
Dante, ii, 160
Danton, ii, 324, 329-36
Dantzig, ii, 180, 251, 564
Danube, i, 153, 298, 300, 327-31, 372, 377, 387, 507, 508, 523, 526,
533, 539, 545, 549, 551, 553, 557, 558, 564,
606, 616, 627, ii, 51, 69, 76, 142, 266, 522, 610
Danubian provinces, ii, 382, 440
Dardanelles, i, 302, ii, 121, 521
Darius (dă rī’ ŭs) I, i, 248, 326-32, 334, 339, 386, ii, 607
Darius II, i, 342
Darius III, i, 379-80, 384-87, 390, 394, 507,
542, ii, 20, 122, 366-67, 608
Dark ages, the, i, 607
Darling region, i, 143
Dartmouth, Lord, ii, 305
Darwin, Charles, i, 67, ii, 420, 427
Darwin, Prof. G. H., i, 31
Darwinism, ii, 420-27
David, King, i, 286-89, 293, 569, 574, 580, ii, 156, 606
Davids, Rhys, i, 415, 420, 421, 428, 430
Davidson, J. L. Strachan, i, 513
Davis, i, 603
Davis, J. W., ii, 507-08
Davis, Stearns, ii, 475
Dawes, ii, 290
Dawson, Sir William, i, 9
Day, length of, i, 6, 51
Dead, eating the, i, 197
Dead Sea, i, 120
Debtor, slavery as fate of, i, 257
Déchelette, i, 111
Decimal notation, ii, 37
Decius, Emperor, i, 528, 553, 594, ii, 610
Declaration of Independence, ii, 293, 296
_Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire_ (Gibbon), ii, 263-69
Deer, i, 70
Defoe, Daniel, ii, 235, 272, 305, 394
Deformities, i, 147
Delaware, ii, 283, 290
Delcassé, ii, 484
Delhi, ii, 108, 132, 256, 257, 454, 455, 615
Delian League, i, 314, 346
Delos, Island of, i, 311, 313
Delphi, i, 313, 320-22, 370, 395, 536
Delphi, oracle of, i, 305, 321-23
Delphic amphictyony, i, 372
Demeter (de më’ t_ĕ_r), i, 354, 374, 538
Democracy, i, 309-13, 456, ii, 163, 164, 273, 298, 326
Demos, i, 309
Demosthenes (d_ĕ_ mos’ th_ĕ_ nēz), i, 358, 363, 368, 376, 387, 473, 513
Deniker, i, 102, 103
Denmark, i, 109, 110, 539, ii, 51, 65, 66, 162, 206, 225,
242, 252-53, 257, 266, 381, 442, 451, 614
Deportation, i, 193
Dervishes, ii, 122
Descartes (dā kart’), ii, 419
Deshima, ii, 465, 466
Deuteronomy, book of, i, 281
Devon, ii, 225
Dewlish, i, 78
Dialects, i, 300
Diaspora (dī ăs’ p_ŏ_ r_ă_), i, 411, 569-71
Diaz (dē’ äs), ii, 185, 617
Dicasts, i, 310
Dickens, Charles, ii, 180
Dickinson, Lowes, ii, 543
Dicrorerus (dī kr_ŏ_ rē’ rŭs), i, 58
Dictator, Roman, i, 459
Diderot (dēd rō’), ii, 308
Diet (assembly), ii, 234, 250
Dillon, Dr., ii, 543, 551, 553
Dinosaurs (dī’ n_ŏ_ sawrz), i, 41, 46
Dinothere (dī’ n_ŏ_ thēr), i, 58
Diocletian, i, 529, 561, 594, 599-600, ii, 611
Dionysus, god, i, 354, 373
Dionysius of Syracuse, i, 434, 468
Diplodocus (dip lod’ _ŏ_ kŭs), i, 40
Disease, infectious, i, 126
Dispensations, papal, ii, 86, 93
Disraeli, Benjamin.
(_See_ Beaconsfield, Earl of)
Divans, ii, 32
Divination, i, 464
Divine right, ii, 164, 377
Divus Cæsar, i, 526
Dixon line, ii, 282, 284
Dnieper (nē’ p_ĕ_r), i, 153, 510, 553, ii, 110, 260
Doctors, i, 235
Dog, the, i, 56, 105, 108, 112, 116, 230
Dolichocephalic (dol i kō s_ĕ_ făl’ ik) skull, i, 142-46
Dolmens, i, 109
Domazlice, ii, 152, 617
Dominic, St., ii, 95-96, 615
Dominican Order, ii, 95-96, 116, 127, 193, 465, 615
Domitian, i, 526, ii, 610
Don, river, i, 153, 549, ii, 261
Don Cossacks, ii, 260
Donatello, ii, 183
Dordogne (dör dō’ ny_ĕ_), i, 100
Doric dialect, i, 300
Dorset, i, 78
Dortmund, ii, 182
Dostoievski (dos to ef’ ski), ii, 502
Doubs, i, 100
Douglas, Sir R. K., i, 253
Dover, ii, 180
Dover, Straits of, i, 507
Dragon flies, i, 28
Dragonnades, ii, 239, 253
Dravidian civilization, i, 196, 203, 415, ii, 142;
language, i, 158, 189
Dravidians, i, 146, 159, 160, 169, 182, 270, 315, ii, 134
Drepanum (drep’ _ă_ nŭm), i, 470
_Dresden_, cruiser, ii, 520
Dresden, battle of, ii, 368
Driver, S. R., i, 288
Drogheda, ii, 224
Druids, i, 135
Drums, Neolithic, i, 115
Drusus, Livius, i, 503
Dryopithecus (drī _ŏ_ pi thē’ kŭs), i, 66
Dubarry, Comtesse, ii, 240
Dublin, ii, 492, 493, 498, 499
Duma, the, ii, 525
Dumouriez (du moo ryā’), General, ii, 329
Dunbar, battle of, ii, 225
Dunce, derivation of, ii, 172
Dunkirk, ii, 226
Duns Scotus, ii, 171, 616
Dunstan, ii, 150
Dupleix (du plā’), ii, 258
Durazzo (du rad’ zō), i, 561, ii, 67, 72, 80, 616
Durham, ii, 396;
University of, ii, 437
Durham, Lord, ii, 293
Düsseldorf, i, 72
Dutch language, ii, 47, 228;
people, ii, 47;
Republic, ii, 228-33, 380;
settlements and seamanship, i, 84, ii, 188, 253, 282-83, 461, 465-66.
(_See also_ Holland)
Duyvendak, Mr., i, 630, 641
Dwellings, Neolithic, i, 114
Dyeing, ii, 38
Dynamics, ii, 176
_Dynasts, The_, i, 335, ii, 348
Earth, the, i, 3-8, 13-15, 29-34, 56-59
East, orientation to, i, 238
East India Company, ii, 258, 289, 451, 453
Easter, feast of, i, 129
Easter lamb, i, 588
Eastern (Greek) Empire.
(_See_ Byzantine Empire)
Eastlake, ii, 404
Ebenezer, i, 283
Ebro, river, i, 354, 472, 475
Ecbatana (ek băt’ _ă_ n_ă_), i, 626
Ecclesiastes, book of, i, 277
Echidna (e kid’ n_ă_), i, 54
Economists, French, ii, 309
Economus (ē kon’ ō mŭs), battle of, i, 470, ii, 608
Eden, garden of, i, 293, ii, 418
Eder, ii, 513
Edessa, i, 621, ii, 78, 80
Edgar, ii, 150
Edom, ii, 244
Education, i, 267, 270, 272, 408-9, 612-13,
ii, 137, 146, 147, 166, 270 _sqq._, 302,
357, 385, 390-92, 396-97, 413, 428-31
Edward I, ii, 219
Edward VI, ii, 218, 220
Edward VII, ii, 228, 488
Edward, Prince of Wales, son of George V, ii, 498
Egbert, ii, 51, 53, 614
Egerton, H. E., ii, 377
Eggs, i, 39, 53, 54, 114
Egibi (ē gē’ bē), i, 265
Eginhard, ii, 59
Egmont, Count of, ii, 229
Egypt, i, 106, 154, 156, 395, 522, 561,
570, 572, 574, 618, ii, 1, 30, 83, 84, 94, 139, 153, 612;
history (_early_), i, 133, 148, 183-86,
195-98, 200-01, 204, 209-13, 220, 228,
229, 233-34, 246, 248, 256, 261, 265, 267,
274, 277-82, 289, 290-95, 307, 315-16, 323,
326-27, 334, 340, 342, 359, 522, ii, 1, 189, 605, 606;
(_and Greece_), i, 382, 389, 401-02, ii, 607;
(_and Rome_), i, 480, 500, 510-12, 533;
(_and Islam_), ii, 21-24, 29-32, 37, 64, 71,
82-84, 106, 114, 118, 122, 126, 132, 614, 618;
(_modern period_), ii, 351, 353, 359, 453, 460, 471, 500, 621, 623;
Christianity in, i, 604, 610, ii, 74, 149;
Jews in, i, 402, 436, 572, ii, 607;
Kingship in, i, 248-52, 263, 520;
religious systems, i, 197-98, 236-42, 248-52,
296, 382-83, 404, 410-14, 431, 538, 590-91
Egyptian language, i, 154
Egyptian script, i, 208, 228
Egyptian shipping, i, 273
“Egyptians” (Gipsies), ii, 137
Elam (ē’ lăm), i, 189, 318
Elamite language, i, 162
Elamites, i, 189, 194, 245, 385, ii, 105
Elba, ii, 371, 374
Elbe, ii, 80
Elections, i, 494, ii, 302
Electricity, ii, 388, 389-90
Electrum, i, 220
Elephants, i, 57, 70, 76, 78, 102, 207, 210, 317, 386, 453, 455, 470-79, ii, 20
Eli, judge, i, 283-85
Elixir of life, ii, 174
Elizabeth, Queen of England, ii, 218, 220, 232, 258, 280
Elizabeth, Empress of Russia, ii, 242, 620
El-lil, i, 190
_Emden_, cruiser, ii, 520
Emesa (em´ ē s_ă_), i, 621
Emigration, ii, 76
Emirs, ii, 31
Emmet, Robert, ii, 493
Emperor, title of, i, 565
Emperors of Germany, ii, 199
Employers and employed, ii, 276, 397-98
Enclosure Acts, ii, 272-76
“Encyclopædists,” the, ii, 309
England, i, 605, ii, 64, 66, 178, 200, 433, 470-71;
history (_early_), i, 52, 101, 645, ii, 40, 50-54, 66, 614;
(_under the Normans_), ii, 67, 615;
(_in the 13th and 14th centuries_), ii, 176-77;
(_Civil war_), ii, 218, 221-25, 281;
(_war with Holland_), ii, 225-26, 282;
(_war with Spain_), ii, 220, 225;
(_reign of Charles II_), ii, 225-26;
(_in 18th century_), ii, 226-28;
(_and America_), ii, 253-54;
(_union with Ireland_), ii, 621;
_political and constitutional_, i, 463,
465, ii, 194, 216-17, 219-21, 226-28, 236;
religion, i, 642, ii, 49-54, 99, 150,
162, 206, 220, 221, 225, 252, 253, 282;
social, ii, 154-56, 244, 271-73, 324, 334, 617.
(_See also_ Britain, Great Britain, _and_ the Great War)
English, the, ii, 50, 58, 66-67, 611
English language, i, 151, 564, 638, ii, 50, 160
English seamen, ii, 188
Entelodont (en tel´ ō dont), i, 53
Eoanthropus (ē ō ăn thrō´ pŭs), i, 60, 70-74.
(_See also_ Man)
Eocene (ē´ ō sēn) period, i, 52-59
Eohippus, i, 56
Eolithic age, i, 75
Eoliths, i, 68, 102, ii, 605
Eozoon (ē ō zō´ _ŏ_n) Canadense, i, 9
Ephesus (ef´ ē sŭs), i, 340, 379, 589, ii, 79
Ephesus, Council of, i, 602
Ephthalite (ef´ th_ă_ līt) coins, i, 329
Ephthalites, i, 628-30, 646, ii, 611, 612
Epics, i, 173, 175, 232
Epictetus (ep ik tē´ tŭs), i, 492
Epicureans (ep i kū rē´ _ă_nz), i, 360, 363, 632
Epirus (ē pī´ rŭs), i, 375, 376, 452, 454, ii, 67, 122
Equality, ii, 16, 296
Equator, i, 31-33
Equinoxes, i, 31
Equisetums (ek wi sē´ tŭmz), i, 27
Erasistratus (er ă sis´ tră tŭs), i, 404
Eratosthenes (er ă tos´ th_ĕ_ nēz), i, 13, 402, 405, 408
Erech, i, 190
Eretria, i, 332
Erfurt, ii, 364
Eridu (ā´ ri doo), i, 133, 190, 195, 196, 210, ii, 130
Ervine, St. John, ii, 499
Esarhaddon (ē săr hăd´ _ŏ_n), i, 246, 291, 319, ii, 606
Essad Pasha, ii, 554
Essenes (e sēnz´), i, 610
Essex, i, 623, ii, 40
Esthonians, ii, 244
Ethiopia (and Ethiopians), i, 200, 250, 383, ii, 606
Ethiopian dynasty, i, 195, ii, 606
Ethiopic language, i, 154
Ethnologists, i, 141
Etiquette in China, i, 434
Eton College, ii, 427
Etruria, i, 450, 460, 475
Etruscans, i, 447-50, 459, 464, ii, 91, 146, 606, 607
Eucharist, the, i, 591
Euclid, i, 364, 402, ii, 37
Euphrates, i, 148, 184-90, 194, 199, 203,
209, 238, 250, 291, 317, 507, 508, 523,
540, 562, 616, 622, ii, 2, 607
Euripides (ū rip´ i dēz), i, 351, 355, 369, 392
Europe, i, 151, 159-62;
Christianity in, i, 517, 603-05, 609, ii,
51, 84-86, 90, 96, 99-101, 114, 148,
159-63, 166-67, 206, 234, 244, 246, 270;
common cause in, ii, 74-77;
Concert of, ii, 373, 377, 378, 384, 385;
feudalism in, ii, 42 _sqq._;
history (general), i, 334, 544, 605-06, 625,
ii, 42-43, 54-57, 107, 140, 181, 200, 202, 206,
216, 232-36, 240-53, 262-63, 269-72, 360 _sqq._, 367, 370, 377-82, 431;
Huns in, i, 559, 628;
Imperialism in, ii, 469-70, 475 _sqq._;
industrial revolution in, ii,276;
intellectual development in, ii, 37-39, 88-89, 147, 167-69, 174-76;
languages of, i, 161;
literature of, ii, 160;
“Marriage with Asia,” i, 390;
mechanical revolution in, ii, 393 _sqq._;
monarchy in, ii, 211, 230, 236-43, 253;
Mongolians in, i, 549, ii, 112, 168;
Moslems in, ii, 24, 28-32, 41, 47, 65, 121, 184, 186;
natural political map of, ii, 383, 446, 449, 566;
peoples and races of, i, 104, 138-39, 141, 145,
298-99, 546-48, ii, 137, 266;
Powers of, ii, 242-43, 278-79, 474;
prehistoric, i, 59, 69, 75-77, 87-89, 95-105,
108, 118, 132-33, 140, 145, 149,
172-76, 183-84, 196, 206, 234, 240, 317, ii, 189;
social development in, ii, 140, 157, 176
_sqq._, 200, 215-16, 217, 246, 269-77, 400-401.
(_See also_ Great War)
Europeans descended from Neolithic man, i, 105
Euryptolemus (ū rip tol’ _ĕ_ mŭs), i, 347
Eusebius (ū sē’ bi ŭs), i, 600
Evans, i, 21
Evans, Sir Arthur, i, 104, 150, 212, 228
Evans, Sir John, i, 137
Everlasting League, ii, 199, 616
Evolution of the Earth, i, 5-6
Examinations, i, 270, 640
Excommunication, ii, 81
Executive, the, ii, 414
Exodus, book of, i, 279, 281
Experience, i, 230
Exploration, i, 217-18
“Expropriated,” the, ii, 398
ex votos, i, 235, 414
Eylau (I’ lou), battle of, ii, 362, 622
Ezekiel, i, 292, 294
Fabian Society, ii, 409
Fabius, i, 477-78
Factories, growth of, ii, 275-77
Factory Act, ii, 404, 405, 622
Factory system, ii, 394, 405
Fairies, i, 182
Faith, decline of a universal, ii, 425
Faizi (fä’ i zi), ii, 135
Falkland Isles, battle of, ii, 520
Families, noble and plebeian, i, 267-68