Faraday, M., ii, 387, 427
Farming, Arab knowledge of, ii, 38
Farrand, i, 158
Farrar, F. W., i, 527
Fashoda (fä shō’ dă), ii, 460, 500, 624
Fatepur-sikri (fŭt ē poor’ sik’ ri), ii, 135, 136
Fatima (făt’ i mă), ii, 26, 31, 64
Fatimite caliphate, ii, 64, 76, 126, 614
Fauna, early, i, 101
Fausta, i, 599
Faustina (faws tī’ nă), i, 527
Fayle, C. E., ii, 543
Fear, i, 125
Feasts, Aryan, i, 172-73
Feathers, i, 43-44, 48-49
Ferdinand I, emperor, ii, 207, 210, 233
Ferdinand, king of Bulgaria, ii, 501, 509, 524
Ferdinand, king of Spain, ii, 186, 200
Ferguson, i, 252, 410
Fermentation, i, 172
Ferns, i, 24, 27
Ferrero (fer rā’ rō), i, 455, 493, 502
Fetishism, i, 123, 129
Feudal system, the, i, 43 _sqq._
Fezzan, i, 118
Fiefs, ii, 43
Field of the Cloth of Gold, i, 202
Fielding, H., ii, 272, 394
Fiji, ii, 471
Filmer, ii, 164
Finance, i, 496-98, ii, 202, 216
Finland (and the Finns), i, 549, 606, ii, 366, 375, 380
Finland, Gulf of, ii, 266
Finnish language, i, 156
Finno-Ugrian language, i, 560
Fire, early use of, i, 78-80
Fire-arms, i, 565
Fish, i, 10, 24, 25, 52
Fisher, Lord, ii, 526
Fisher, Osmond, i, 78
Fishing, i, 96-97, 114
Fiske, ii, 282
Fiume (fū’ mā), ii, 566
Five Classics, the, i, 227
Flame projectors, ii, 516
Flanders, ii, 66, 78, 208, 329
Flavian dynasty, i, 526, ii, 609
Flax, i, 114
Fleming, Bishop, ii, 96
Flemings, the, ii, 47, 81, 178
Flemish language, ii, 47
Flint implements, i, 60, 68-69, 71, 78-82, 88, 91, 94, 99, 107, 114, 137
Flood, story of the, i, 278, 293
Florence, ii, 180, 182-83, 195-97, 202, 239, 242, 618
Florentine Society, ii, 392
Florida, ii, 282
Flowers, Cainozoic, i, 51
Flying machines, i, 215, ii, 173, 174, 175, 392
Fontainebleau (fo_n_ tān blō’), ii, 361, 368
Food, i, 16, 20, 78-84, 113, 116, 186-87
Fools, i, 172
Foot of apes, men, and monkeys, i, 63-66
Forbes, ii, 129
Ford businesses, ii, 406
Forests, i, 37, 100-04
Fort St. Augustine, ii, 282
Fossils, i, 8-13, 26, 46-51, 57, 66, ii, 175, 419
Foucher, i, 429
“Fourteen Points,” the, ii, 546-48, 556
Fowl, domesticated, i, 113, 114
Fowler, W. Warde, i, 148, 510
Fox, the, as food, i, 113
France, i, 74, 108;
history (_to Revolutionary period_), i, 88, 93, 146,
217, 522, 554, 606, 627, ii, 24, 41, 46-48, 51, 53,
62, 69, 75, 78-82, 87, 92, 98, 99, 127, 156-57, 166,
178, 179, 180, 193-205, 215-29, 234-39, 243-51, 267,
272, 279, 620, 621;
(_Revolutionary period_), ii, 157, 164, 242-47, 621;
(_Napoleonic period_), ii, 248-74, 621;
(_to Great War_), ii, 370-73, 382, 400, 438-46, 484,
486, 509, 622, 623;
(_Great War_), ii, 48, 513 _sqq._;
Imperialism, ii, 470, 500;
overseas dominions, ii, 251-54, 279-86, 292, 363, 364,
451, 467.
(_See also_ Franks, Gaul)
Francis, St., of Assisi, ii, 94-96, 161, 263, 615
Francis I, emperor, ii, 620
Francis II, emperor, ii, 622
Francis I, king of France, ii, 200-06, 618
Francis Ferdinand, archduke, ii, 510
Franciscan Order, ii, 94-96, 148, 171, 173, 193, 615, 616
Frankfort, ii, 180, 439, 623;
Peace of, ii, 446-47, 477, 623
Franklin, Benj., ii, 303, 324
Franks, the, i, 552, 559, 564, 606,
609, ii, 41, 42, 46-52, 57-62, 69, 78, 130, 144, 610
Frazer, Sir J. G., i, 116, 117, 125, 130-131, 249
Frederick I (Barbarossa), emperor,
ii, 80, 86, 87, 89, 97, 615
Frederick II, emperor, ii, 80, 82,
86 _sqq._, 112, 117, 148, 160-61, 199, 232, 421, 615, 616
Frederick III, emperor, ii, 200
Frederick I, king of Prussia, ii, 240, 620
Frederick II (the Great), king of Prussia, ii, 240, 248,
264, 267, 300, 303, 620
Frederick III, king of Prussia, ii, 482
Frederick, don, ii, 230
Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg, ii, 152
Free discussion, ii, 158;
trade in Athens, i, 460
Free intelligence, i, 262
Freedom, i, 259-60, ii, 279
Freeman’s Farm, ii, 292
French language, i, 151, 564, ii, 47, 54, 66, 160, 199, 228
Freud, Sigismund, i, 127
Freya (frī’ ă), ii, 49
Friars, the, ii, 164, 172.
(_See also_ Franciscan Order)
Friedland (frēd’ lănt), battle of, ii, 362, 622
Frisian coast, i, 539; language, ii, 228
Frisians, the, ii, 49-51
Frog, the, i, 26
Froissart (frwä sär’), ii, 155
Fronde, the, ii, 234-36
Fu, S. N., i, 630-32, 641-42
Fuggers, the, ii, 202, 204, 271
Fulas, i, 206
Fuller, Colonel, ii, 571
Fulton, R., ii, 387
Furnace, blast, ii, 388; electric, ii, 389
Future life, belief in, i, 123, 538
Gaelic, i, 168, ii, 490
Gage, General, ii, 290, 294
Galatia, i, 449, ii, 608
Galatians, i, 395, 397, ii, 121
Galba, i, 526, ii, 609
Galerius, i, 594, 596, ii, 611
Galicia, ii, 518
Galilee, i, 571, 584, 587, 591, 621
Galileo (găl i lē’ ō), Galilei, ii, 176, 417, 618, 619
Gallas, language of the, i, 154
Galleys, i, 259
Galvani, ii, 387
Gama, Vasco da (văs kō’ dä gä’ mä), ii, 187-88, 257, 617
Gamaliel, i, 588
Gambia, i, 218
Games, i, 314
Gametes (găm ēts’), i, 24
Gandhara (gän d hä’ rä), i, 428
Ganesa (gă nā’ shă), i, 439
Gang labour, i, 265, 287
Ganges, i, 160, 201, 269, 270, 386, 388, 415, 430, ii, 106
Gardner, Alice, i, 625
Garibaldi, ii, 441
Gas, i, 170, 635
Gas in warfare, ii, 516, 569
_Gaspee_, vessel, ii, 289
Gath, i, 282
Gaul (and the Gauls), i, 196,
299, 388, 395, 450-51, 458-60, 471, 475, 500,
502-07, 509, 542, 553, 559, 564, 605, 613, ii, 41, 46, 61, 266, 608, 611
Gaulish language, i, 168
Gautama (gou´ tă mă).
(_See_ Buddha)
Gaza, i, 261, 282, 379, 382
Gazelle, i, 56
Gaztelu, ii, 207, 208
Genesis, book of, i, 129, 277-82
Geneva, ii, 163, 199, 264, 559
Genoa (jen’ ō ă) and the Genoese, ii, 76, 80, 117, 153, 180, 182, 185, 347
Genseric (jen’ s_ĕ_r ik), i, 556, 557, ii, 611
Gentiles, the, i, 580
Geography, i, 5
Geology, i, 5, 8, ii, 419
Geomancers (jē ō măn’ s_ĕ_rs), i, 635
Geometry, ii, 37
George I, ii, 227, 620
George II, ii, 227, 620
George III, ii, 227, 288, 293, 314, 338, 620
George IV, ii, 228
George V, ii, 144, 228, 488, 498
George, Lloyd, ii, 499, 518, 534-38, 552-53, 557, 566
Georgia, ii, 282, 290, 443, 620
Gerasa (jer’ ă să), i, 621
Gerash, i, 623
Gerbert (gār’ ber), ii, 37
German language, i, 151, 168, ii, 47, 160, 228;
songs and tales, ii, 61
Germany, i, 101, 108, 318;
history (_to Saxon kings_), i, 502, 507, 509, 510, 522, 534, 539, 540,
552, 557, 603, ii, 46-47, 51, 57, 61-62, 144, 150, 609;
(_Saxon kings to Napoleonic period_), ii, 61, 69, 75, 80,
86, 87, 98-100, 112,
116, 138, 156, 157-62, 179, 180, 182, 188, 199-210,
216, 228, 232-36, 244-48, 253, 256, 266-67, 283, 285, 292, 304,
339, 361-66, 614, 616, 618;
(_War of Liberation to the Great War_), ii, 367-68,
381-82, 390-91, 396-401, 438-46, 467, 469-70, 476 _sqq._, 623;
(_Great War_), ii, 499 _sqq._;
class distinction in, i, 268;
Imperialism of, ii, 470, 479-86, 508
Gesture language, i, 163
Gethsemane, i, 585
Ghent, ii, 180, 199, 229
Gibbon, Edward, i, 531-35, 557, 558, 592, 595, 599, 608, 618,
ii, 30, 42, 60, 62,
67, 69, 78, 82, 112, 227, 263-73, 277, 278, 308, 421
Gibbons (animal), i, 67
Gibbs, Philip, ii, 513, 516, 518, 530, 572
Gibraltar, i, 67, 120, 217, 532, ii, 41, 451, 471
Gideon, i, 283
Gigantosaurus (jī găn tō saw’ rŭs), i, 42
Gilbert, Dr., ii, 176, 619
Gilboa, Mount, i, 285
Gills, i, 23, 25, 52
Gin, i, 219
Giotto (jot’ ō), ii, 183
Gipsies, ii, 137, 138
Gipsy language, ii, 138
Giraffe, i, 56
Girondins, ii, 328
Gizeh (gē’ z_ĕ_), i, 198, 238
Glacial Age.
(_See_ Ice Age)
Gladiators, i, 489-91, 505, 529, 533, 589, 594, 609, ii, 608, 609
Gladstone, Sir John, ii, 427
Gladstone, W. E., i, 345, ii, 426-33, 447, 481, 495, 499, 623
Glasfurd, A. I. R., i, 114, 126
Glass, ii, 38
Glastonbury, i, 110, 171
Glaucia, i, 503
Glyptodon (glip’ tō don), i, 102, 207
_Gneisenau_ (gnī’ z_ĕ_ nou), cruiser, ii, 520
Gneiss (nīs), fundamental, i, 8
Gnosticism (nos’ ti sizm), i, 592, 603
Goats in lake dwellings, i, 112
Gobi Desert, i, 160, 545, 634, 643, 644
God, i, 583, 592, 602, ii, 29, 171, 174;
idea of one true, i, 295-96, 400, 424, 436,
538, 569, 572, 576, ii, 5-7, 11, 18, 136;
of Judaism, i, 219, 282 _sqq._, 361, 412, ii, 16;
Kingdom of, ii, 90, 97, 116, 149, 246
Godfrey of Bouillon, ii, 78, 228, 615
Gods, i, 234-39, 240, 245-46, 411-12, 483;
Aryan, i, 233-34, 305;
Egyptian, i, 236-39, 248-52;
Greek, i, 305, 361-62, 483;
Japanese, i, 429;
Semitic, i, 233;
tribal, i, 134, 295
Goethe, ii, 324
Gold, i, 105, 118, 220, ii, 89, 344
Golden Horde, the, ii, 134, 259
Goldsmith, Oliver, i, 376, ii, 273, 492, 493, 553
Golgotha, i, 585
Gooch, G. P., ii, 475
Good Hope, Cape of, ii, 257, 451, 617
_Good Hope_, cruiser, ii, 520
Goods, consumable, ii, 344
Goose, i, 113
Gorham, Nathaniel, ii, 300
Gorilla, i, 63, 67, 218
“Gorillas,” i, 218
Goritzia (gō rē t’ sē _ă_), ii, 519
Goshen, land of, i, 279
Gospels, the, i, 573, 576, 585-88, 593, 601, ii, 150, 418
Gotha (gō’ t_ă_) aeroplane, ii, 519
Gothic architecture, ii, 179;
language,
i, 168
Goths, i, 528, 543, 549, 553, 556,
560-64, 606, 609, 611, 612, 615,
ii, 41, 46, 57, 66, 610, 611, 612
Gough, General, ii, 530
Gould, Baring, i, 610
Gourgaud (goor gō’), ii, 358
Government, i, 232-33, 241-42, 462-64, ii, 147, 385
Gowland, Dr., i, 106
Gracchi, the, i, 502, ii, 147
Gracchus, Caius, i, 502, ii, 609
Gracchus, Tiberius, i, 483, 496-501, ii, 609
Graham, Cunninghame, ii, 193
Grain, as food, i, 113-17, 184
Granada, ii, 186
Grand Remonstrance, ii, 221
Granicus (gră nī’ kŭs), battle of the, i, 379, ii, 608
Grape, i, 172
Graphite, i, 9
Grasses, i, 51, 56
Gravelotte (gräv lot’), ii, 445
Gravesend, ii, 226
Gravitation, law of, ii, 176
Gray, G. B., i, 281
Gray, Thomas, ii, 227
Great Britain, history (_general_), ii, 244, 470;
(_and India_), ii, 134-37, 254-59;
(_and America_), ii, 253-54, 273, 279-82, 285-94, 621;
(_and French Revolution_), ii, 327, 331-32;
(_in Napoleonic period_), ii, 351-54, 359, 361, 366, 372, 621;
(_war with Turkey_), ii, 382;
(_Crimean war_), ii, 440;
(_suspicion of Russia_), ii, 447;
(_in alliance against Germany_), ii, 484-86;
(_the Great War_), ii, 510 _sqq._;
(_effect of Great War on_), ii, 533-34 _sqq._;
constitutional, political, and social,
i, 495, ii, 271-73, 298, 306-07, 321,
338, 388-89, 400, 486-87, 622;
expansion and Imperialism, ii, 246-47, 451-60, 463, 469, 470-72, 486-99, 624.
(_See also_ Britain _and_ England)
Great Exhibition, the, ii, 436, 623
Great Mogul, ii, 256, 258
Great ox. (_See_ Aurochs)
Great Schism. (_See_ Papal Schism)
Great War, the, ii, 48, 166, 221, 235, 251, 510 _sqq._, 624
Greatness, ii, 303
Greece (and the Greeks), i, 86, 108, 114, 281, 313-18, 446-47,
ii, 144, 160, 190;
history (_to war with Persia_), i, 13, 176-78, 213-16, 234,
281, 300 _sqq._, ii, 606;
(_war with Persia_), i, 314-15, 327-42, ii, 607;
(_to 15th century_), i, 343-45, 357, 362-64, 367-72, 377-78,
395, 449, 554, 611, 621, ii, 79, 98, 121-26, 616;
(_modern_), ii, 382, 502, 521-22, 524, 622;
civilization, i, 304-14, 352-53, 363-64, 455, 491-92, 623;
constitutional, i, 305-15, 360-64, 369, 378, 455, 488;
religion, i, 240, 304-06, 354-55, 374, 412, 483, ii, 48;
thought and learning, i, 359-65, 399-404, 408-09, 488, 618, 636, ii, 35, 168
Greek, alphabet, i, 228-29;
archipelago, i, 119, 260;
Church, i, 603, 617, ii, 58, 60, 73, 74, 78, 81, 98, 380, 611;
islands, i, 171, ii, 65;
language and literature, i, 151, 168, 173-76, 194, 300, 348,
354-56, 359-62, 402, 411, 530, 535, 562, 588, 614-15, 621,
ii, 31, 35, 36, 50, 61, 73, 159, 211;
warfare, i, 370
Greek (Eastern) Empire, _see_ Eastern (Greek) Empire
Green, J. R., ii, 154
Green flag, ii, 64
Greenland, i, 75, ii, 53, 185
“Greens,” faction of the, ii, 247
Gregorovius, ii, 63
Gregory, Sir R. A., ii, 176, 384, 427
Gregory I, the Great, i, 612, 642, ii, 41, 50, 72, 97, 153, 167, 612
Gregory VII, ii, 72, 73, 74, 84, 149, 167, 615
Gregory IX, ii, 83, 87, 148, 616
Gregory XI, ii, 100, 127, 617
Grenfell, i, 137
Grey, Sir Edward, ii, 511
Grey Friars.
(_See_ Franciscan Order)
Grimaldi race, i, 88, 90-95, 120
Grimm’s Law, i, 152
Grisons, i, 564
Grote, i, 351
Growth, i, 16
Guadalquivir (gaw dăl kwiv’ _ĕ_r), ii, 188
Guianas, the, ii, 451
Guilds, i, 267
Guillemard, ii, 188
Guillotine, ii, 333
Guiscard (gēs kăr’), Robert, ii, 67, 69, 79, 615
Gulf Stream, i, 20
Gum-tree, i, 51
Gunpowder, i, 635, ii, 109, 121, 179, 268
Guptas (goop’ t_ă_z), i, 629
Gurkhas, ii, 455
Gustavus Adolphus, ii, 235, 236, 253
Gutenberg, ii, 159
Guthrum, ii, 54, 614
Gwalior, ii, 257
Gyges (gī’ jēz), i, 316, ii, 606
Haarlem (här’ lem), ii, 159, 229, 231,
617
Habsburgs, ii, 63, 98, 140, 167, 199-202, 232, 235, 243, 248, 370, 371
Hackett, ii, 420-21
Hadrian, i, 526, 536, ii, 610
Hadrian, tomb of, i, 609, ii, 41
Hadrian’s wall, i, 526-27
Hague Conferences, ii, 476-77
Haig, Sir Douglas, ii, 523
Hair, i, 49-54
Halicarnassus (hăl i kăr näs’ ŭs), i, 260, 262, 340, 379, 380
Hall, i, 218
Hall, H. R., i, 184
Ham, son of Noah, i, 140
Hamburg, ii, 180, 182
Hamilcar, i, 471, 475
Hamilton, Alexander, ii, 303
Hamilton, Sir Ian, ii, 521
Hamilton, Sir William, ii, 390
Hamites, i, 158, 176, 189, 203, 244, ii, 41
Hamitic languages, i, 154, 155, 161, 162, 167;
ships, i, 212
Hammond, ii, 269, 270
Hammurabi (hăm moo rä’ bē), i, 191, 196, 199, 201, 245, 258, 279, 385, ii, 606
Han, men of, i, 634
Han dynasty, i, 205, 253, 270, 433, 508, 509, 542, 543, 548, 630, 631, ii, 610
Hancock, ii, 290
Hang Chau (hăng’ chou), ii, 108, 615
Hannibal, i, 473-79, 483
Hanno, i, 196, 217-18, 221, 234, 241, 472, 509, 532, ii, 185, 607
Hanover, ii, 338
Hanover, elector of.
(_See_ George I.)
Hanoverian dominions, ii, 244
Hanoverian dynasty, ii, 228, 236
Hansa towns, ii, 182-88
Hanse merchants, ii, 266
Harcourt, Sir William, ii, 411
Hardy, Thomas, i, 335, ii, 349
Hare, the, i, 113
Hariti, i, 428
Harnack, ii, 174
Haroun-al-Raschid (hä roon ăl ră shēd´), ii, 32, 33, 61, 613
Harpagos (här´ pă gŏs), i, 323
Harpalus (här´ pă lŭs), i, 375, 387
Harpoons, i, 90, 96
Harran, i, 622
Harris, H. Wilson, ii, 543, 560
Harrison, Benjamin, i, 68
Harvey, John, ii, 177, 619
Hasan, son of Ali, ii, 27, 30
Hasdrubal, i, 472-76
Hastings, Warren, ii, 259, 453, 487
Hatasu (hä´ tă soo), Queen of Egypt, i, 200
Hathor, i, 239, 249, 412, 413
Hatra, i, 622
Hatred, i, 472
Hauran, i, 623, ii, 2
Haverfield, F. J., i, 461, 605
Hawk gods, i, 237
Head, deformation of, i, 147
Headlam, J. W., ii, 377
Hearths, i, 171
Heaven, Kingdom of, i, 575-79, 582, 587, ii, 417.
(_See also_ God)
Hébert, ii, 335
Hebrew language, i, 153, 155, 164, 570, 572;
literature, i, 293-94; prophets, i, 601;
thought, i, 361;
moral teaching, i, 219.
(_See also_ Jewish)
Hebrews, i, 245, 279-283, ii, 1.
(_See also_ Jews)
Hecataeus (hek _ă_ tē´ ŭs), i, 221
Hecker, ii, 154
Hector, i, 175, 183
Hedgehogs, i, 56
Hegira (hej´ i ră), ii, 8, 12, 14, 17, 612
Heidelberg man, i, 60, 64, 69, 70-71, 84
Hekt, i, 239
Helen of Troy, i, 216
Helena, Empress, i, 618, ii, 82
Helena, mother of Constantine, i, 599
Heligoland, ii, 484, 623
Heliolithic (hē li ō lith´ ik) culture, i, 147-49, 162, 171,
177, 184, 188, 196,
201, 207-13, 223, 415, ii, 189, 465
Heliolithic peoples, i, 206
Heliopolis (hē li op’ ō lis), (Baalbek), i 621, ii, 3
Hellé, André, ii, 513
Hellenes, i, 300
Hellenic civilization, i, 302 _sqq._, ii, 22, 168;
tradition, i, 562
Hellenism, i, 353, 430, 570
Hellespont, i, 334-35, 339, 340, 362, 372, 379, 523,
621, ii, 20, 79, 137, 607, 612
Helmolt, H. F., i, 192, 541, 556, 635, ii, 18, 22, 136, 180
Helmont, van, i, 170
Helots, i, 305
Hen.
(_See_ Fowl, domesticated)
Henriot, ii, 336
Henry II, German Emperor, ii, 63
Henry V, German Emperor, ii, 63
Henry VI, German Emperor, ii, 86
Henry II, King of England, ii, 490
Henry III, King of England, ii, 219
Henry V, King of England, ii, 178
Henry VII, King of England, ii, 186,
218, 220
Henry VIII, King of England, ii, 163, 197, 200, 204, 206, 218, 220, 618
Henry of Prussia, Prince, ii, 300
Henry the Fowler, ii, 63, 70, 614
Henry, Patrick, ii, 287, 303
Hephaestion (hē fes’ ti_ŏ_n), i, 392, 394, 510
Hephaestus, i, 173
Heraclea (her ă klē’ _ă_), i, 453, ii, 608
Heraclius (her ă klī’ ŭs), i, 615, 618, 623, 634, ii, 17-20, 82, 612, 613
Heraldry, i, 268
Herat, i, 386, 604
Herbivorous animals, i, 41, 43
Hercules, demi-god, i, 399, 515
Hercules, son of Alexander, i, 394
Hercules, temple of, i, 234
Herdsmen, i, 264, 267
Hereditary rule, ii, 144
Heredity, i, 230
Heretic, ii, 95
Heristhal, ii, 47
Hermon, Mount, i, 113, 184
Herne Island, i, 217
Hero, i, 402, 540
Herodes Atticus (her ō’ dēz ăt’ i kŭs), i, 535, 536
Herodians, i, 579
Herodotus (hē rod’ ō tŭs), i, 186, 218, 221, 241, 260-62,
267, 296, 314, 319-26,
332, 340, 342, 347, 350, 355, 356, 370, 399, 405, 497, 532, 615, 642,
ii, 20, 607
Herods, the, i, 571, 574, 580, ii, 4
Heroic Age, i, 177
Herophilus (hē rof’ i lŭs), i, 403, 404
Herzegovina (hert s_ĕ_ gov’ _ĕ_ nă), ii, 484, 624
Hesperornis (hes p_ĕ_r ôr’ nis), i, 48
Hesse (hes’ _ĕ_) and Hessians, ii, 51, 205, 445
Hezekiah, King, i, 291
Hieratic script, i, 228
Hiero (hī’ _ĕ_r ō), i, 468, 469, 476
Hieroglyphics, i, 208, 211, 227, 228
Hieronymus (hī er on’ i mŭs) of Syracuse, i, 476
Hildebrand.
(See Gregory VII)
Himalayas, i, 35, 52, 160, 546
Hindu deities, i, 437, 439;
priests, i, 180;
schools, ii, 137
Hindu Kush, ii, 133
Hindus, i, 169, 179-81, 269-70, 299, 538, ii, 134, 137, 256
Hindustan, ii, 108, 133
Hipparchus, i, 402
Hippias, i, 332
Hippo, i, 556, 604
Hippopotamus, i, 38, 69, 70, 76
Hippopotamus deities, i, 197, 236
Hira, ii, 18, 20
Hirai, K., i, 157
Hiram, King of Sidon, i, 287-90
Hirth, i, 435, 541, 582, 635
Histiæus, i, 330-31, 341, 561
Hittites, i, 192, 196, 200, 219, 278, 282, 283, 300, 327, ii, 121
Hi-ung-nu.
(_See_ Huns)
Hobson, J. A., ii, 543
Hoche, General, ii, 374
Hogarth, D. G., i, 367, 392
Hogarth, William, ii, 227
_Hogue_, cruiser, ii, 520
Hohenlinden, battle of, ii, 355, 622
Hohenstaufens (hō en stou’ fenz), ii, 63, 98, 182, 199, 232, 616
Hohenzollerns, ii, 236, 240, 370, 442, 445, 479, 480
Holkham Hall, i, 13
Holland, i, 541, 605, ii, 47, 51, 159, 163, 182, 188,
193, 224, 229-30, 233, 236, 251, 257, 258, 282,
331, 339, 347, 359, 361, 368, 380, 381, 451, 457, 622
Holland, Rev. W. E. S., ii, 473
Holly, i, 51
Holmes, i, 615
Holmes, A., i, 13
Holmes, Rice, i, 104
Holstein, ii, 381
Holy Alliance, ii, 372, 377, 382, 400, 430, 476, 477
Holy Land.
(_See_ Crusades and Palestine)
Holy Roman Empire, ii, 58, 63, 69, 130, 182, 198,
202 _sqq._, 210, 215, 238, 256, 614, 622
Homage, ii, 44
Home Rule Bill, i, 312
Homer, i, 114, 174-82, 196, 216, 219, 229, 300, 304, 508, 531
Homo antiquus.
_See_ Neanderthal man;
Heidelbergensis, _see_ Heidelberg man;
Neanderthalensis, _see_ Neanderthal man;
primigenius, _see_ Neanderthal man;
sapiens, _see_ Man, true
Homs, i, 621
Honduras (hon dūr´ ăs), British, ii, 254
Honey, i, 172
Honoria, i, 557
Honorius, i, 554, ii, 611
Honorius III, pope, ii, 87, 615
Hope in religion, i, 125
Hopf, Ludwig, i, 80, 118, 130
Hophni, i, 284
Horace, i, 407
Horn, Count of, ii, 229
Horn implements, i, 90, 107, 116
Horrabin, F., i, 119
Horses, i, 58, 64, 69, 70, 92-100, 105, 170, 177, 192, 299, 551
Horsuv Tyn, ii, 152
Horticulture, i, 254
Horus, i, 249, 252, 412-14, 429, 590, 591
Hose, i, 148
Hotel Cecil, i, 621
Hottentot language, i, 162
Households, growth of, i, 258
Houses, stone, i, 171
Howard, the philanthropist, ii, 338
Howe, F. C., ii, 543
Howorth, H. H., i, 541
Howth, ii, 498
Hrdlicka, Dr., i, 102
Hsia, Empire of, ii, 110
Hubbard, i, 536, 642
Huc, i, 429, 440
Hudson Bay Company, ii, 254, 451
Hudson Bay Territory, i, 158
Hudson River, ii, 292, 387
Hueffer, F. M., ii, 480
Hugo, Victor, ii, 355
Huguenots, ii, 244, 253, 282
Hulagu, ii, 114, 118, 120, 130, 154, 616
Human association, ii, 413
Human sacrifice, i, 116-17, 130-31, 134, ii, 91, 190
Humayun (hoo mä´ yoon), ii, 133
Hungary (and the Hungarians), i, 106, 553, 558, 560,
600, ii, 51, 69, 70, 77, 100, 113, 122, 126, 139,
184, 204, 205, 233, 260, 380, 400, 446, 618.
(_See also_ Austria)
Huns, i, 196, 203-05, 253, 272, 388, 508, 533,
539, 541, 543-52, 554, 557, 559, 618, 627-32,
644, ii, 66, 71, 106, 108, 113, 142, 266, 611
Hunter Commission, ii, 456
Hunting, i, 91, 92, 96-104, 112, 124, 317, 318
Husein, son of Ali, ii, 27, 30
Huss, John, ii, 100, 151, 202, 263, 272, 615
Hussites, ii, 152-56, 617
Hut urns, i, 115
Hutchinson, i, 162
Hutchinson, H. N., i, 50
Hutton, ii, 419
Huxley, Prof., i, 13, 146, ii, 420-21, 426
Hwang-ho (hwăng’ hō), river, i, 205, 542, 641, ii, 108, 118
Hyæna cave, i, 76
Hyænodon (hī ē’ nō don), i, 53
Hyde Park, ii, 437
Hyksos, i, 196, 199, ii, 1
Hyracodon (hī răk’ ō don), i, 53
Hystaspes (his tăs’ pēz), i, 326, ii, 607
Iberian language, i, 167
Iberians, i, 101, 146, 167, 171, 176, 196, 213, 281, 298, 446, ii, 247.
(_See also_ Mediterranean race)
Ibex, i, 93
Ibn Batuta (ibn bä too’ tä), ii, 154
Ibn-rushd.
(_See_ Averroes)
Ibrahim, son of Muhammad, ii, 13
Icarus (ik’ ă rŭs), i, 215
Ice, effect of, i, 59
Ice Age, i, 52, 57-60, 68-72, 77, 82, 87, 119, 120, 159, 317
Iceland, ii, 53, 185, 252
Icelandic language, i, 168
I-chabod, i, 285
Ichthyosaurs (ik’ thi ō sawrz), i, 41, 45
Iconium, ii, 72
Ideograms, i, 224-26
Ideographs, i, 226
Idumeans, i, 570
Ignatius, St., of Loyola, ii, 164-66, 263, 618
Iliad, the.
(_See_ Homer)
Ilkhan, Empire of, ii, 114, 118, 127, 130
Illyria, i, 372, 375, 377, 472, 480, ii, 122, 608
Immortality, idea of, i, 124, 413, 423-24, 538-39
Imperator, title of, i, 565
Imperial preference, ii, 488
Imperialism, i, 311, ii, 424, 436, 461, 475 _sqq._, 498-502
Implements, bone, i, 99;
bronze, i, 132;
Chellean, i, 70;
copper, i, 105;
earliest use of, i, 67-68;
flint, i, 71, 76-81, 88, 91, 96, 99, 107, 114;
horn, i, 90, 107, 116;
iron, i, 107;
Neolithic, i, 104-05, 114, 132;
Palæolithic, i, 76, 104, 137;
Pliocene, i, 68-69;
stone, i, 57, 67, 69, 75, 80, 88, 96, 104, 106, 273;
use of by animals, i, 67;
wooden, i, 76
Inca of Peru, ii, 190
Independency, ii, 163
India, i, 37, 74, 106, 109, 114, 160, 181-82, 206, 327, 396,
432, 489, 509, 532,
548, 626, ii, 27, 33, 109, 133, 139, 144, 268, 351;
history (_Alexander in_), i, 379, 386, 388, 428, 510;
(_Indo-Scythians in_), i, 548, 617, 628, ii, 610;
(_Ephthalites in_), i, 629, ii, 611;
(_Mongols in_), i, 550, 557, ii, 114, 133-37;
(_17th and 18th centuries_), ii, 254, 256-58, 262;
(_British in_), ii, 133-37, 254-59, 279, 285, 451-56, 471, 487, 620, 621;
civilization, social development, and culture,
i, 147, 171, 179, 183, 196, 201,
268-70, 272, 307, 415-16, 430, ii, 136, 145, 455;
European settlements in, ii, 254-59, 279, 285, 620;
languages of, i, 158, 169, 189, ii, 139-40;
peoples and races, i, 138-39, 145, 158-60,
196, 201, 203, 317, 386, 629, ii, 106, 190;
religions of, i, 270, 416 _sqq._, 440, 604,
610, 625, ii, 108, 114, 136, 166;
trade of, i, 401, 533, 640, ii, 257;
travels and voyages to, i, 533, 642, 645,
ii, 119, 185-87, 465, 612, 617
Indian corn, i, 113
Indian ocean, i, 47, 108, 118, 210, ii, 187
Indian sign-language, i, 150
Indians, American.
(_See_ American Indians)
Indies, East, i, 46, 148, 159, 162, 206, 210, 273, ii, 257, 451, 461
Indies, West, ii, 187, 252, 305, 306, 451
Individual, the free, i, 259
Individuality, in reproduction, i, 17
Indo-European languages.
(_See_ Aryan languages)
Indo-Iranian language, i, 169;
people, i, 538
Indonesian life, i, 177
Indore, ii, 257
Indo-Scythians, i, 548, 617, 628, ii, 610
Indulgences, ii, 93, 202
Indus, i, 159, 182, 201, 327, 385-89, 395, 430, 507, 523, ii, 22, 132, 607
Industrial Revolution, ii, 276, 393-98, 405
Industrialism, ii, 273-75
Infanticide, i, 134
Influenza, ii, 384
Information, ii, 413
Infusoria, i, 21
Inge, Dean, i, 583, 587, ii, 416
Innes, A. D., ii, 218
Innocent III, pope, ii, 82, 86-98, 167, 615
Innocent IV, ii, 81, 88, 116
Inns, early, i, 220
Innsbruck, ii, 207
Inquisition, the, ii, 95, 117, 166, 209, 378
Insects, i, 5, 28
Instruments, Neolithic musical, i, 115
Interglacial period, i, 60, 68-70, 75-76
“International,” the, ii, 409
International relationship, ii, 347
Internationalism, ii, 432
Intoxicants, i, 172, 182
Investitures, ii, 44, 74, 85
Ion, poet, i, 347
Iona, ii, 50
Ionian Islands, ii, 351
Ionians, i, 314-16, 327-32, 337-40, ii, 121
Ionic dialect, i, 300
Ipsus (ip’ sŭs), battle of, i, 395
Irak, ii, 33
Iran (ē rän’), i, 508, 626
Iranians, i, 299, 627
Ireland, i, 86, 102, 105, 110, 182, 209, 299, 312, 603,
ii, 40, 50, 66, 97, 178,
224-26, 424, 432, 471, 488-99, 621, 623, 624
Irene (ī rē’ nē), Empress, ii, 58
Irish, Catholics, ii, 222, 224, 244;
language, i, 152, 168;
prisoners, ii, 284;
race, i, 167
Irish sea, i, 75
Iron, i, 4, 79, 133;
as currency, i, 219-20;
use of, i, 107, 187, 196, 205, 207, ii, 275, 387-89, 606
Iron Age, i, 97, 108, 133
Ironsides, ii, 223
Iroquois (ir ō kwoi’) tribes, ii, 285
Irrigation, i, 37, 190
Irving, Washington, ii, 253
Isaac, patriarch, i, 278-79
Isabella of Castile, ii, 186, 200
Isaiah, i, 578
Ishmael, i, 279
Ishtar, i, 232, 245, 279, 283
Isis, i, 239, 249, 412-14, 428-29, 538, 575, 590-91
Iskender, i, 389
Islam, i, 296, 441, 583, 624, 636, ii, 4 _sqq._, 113, 142, 194;
and Christianity, ii, 34, 35, 64, 114, 149;
propaganda of, ii, 15-16, 28, 51, 108, 116, 127, 142, 256, 396, 397;
teaching of, ii, 14 _sqq._, 64, 136, 146, 402.
(_See also_ Moslems, _and_ Muhammadanism)
Isocrates (ī sok’ ră tēz), i, 351, 357, 363, 367, 373, 390, 397
Ispahan (is pă hän’), ii, 132
Israel, Kingdom of (and Israelites), i, 193, 277 _sqq._,
316, ii, 144, 244, 606.
(_See also_ Jews)
Issik Kul (is’ ik kool), i, 643
Issus, battle of, i, 380-84, ii, 20, 78, 608
Italian language, i, 151, 446, ii, 160, 199
Italy (and Italians), i, 106, 196, 213, 281,
388, 446-47, 526, 611, ii, 121, 144, 608;
history (_Greeks in_), i, 302, 304, 346, 447, 451-52, ii, 606-08;
(_Gauls in_), i, 388, 449, 471;
(_Roman_), i, 453, 460, 494, 499-505, ii, 147;
(_invasion by Hannibal_), i, 475-77;
(_Goths in_), i, 553, 606, ii, 46, 65, 612;
(_Huns in_), i, 559, 608;
(_Lombards in_), i, 606, 616, ii, 57, 153, 612;
(_Charlemagne in_), ii, 57-58;
(_Germans in_), ii, 58, 618;
(_Normans in_), ii, 67, 69, 76;
(_Saracens in_), ii, 67;
(_Magyars in_), ii, 69;
(_13th-18th cent._), ii, 83, 87-89, 97-98, 126, 127,
182-84, 195-97, 204, 216, 233, 236, 621-22;
(_Napoleonic period_), ii, 332, 339, 347, 350-55, 359, 364, 622;
(_to unification of_), ii, 380-82, 400, 432;
(_Kingdom of_), ii, 440-45, 461, 469-70, 500-01, 519, 622, 624;
imperialism of, ii, 470, 500.
(_See also_ Rome _and_ Great War)
Ivan III, ii, 129, 617; IV (_the Terrible_), ii, 129, 618
Ivory, trade in, i, 273
Ivy, fossil, i, 51
Jackson, Sir Louis, ii, 567 _sqq._
Jackson, T. G., ii, 61
Jacob, patriarch, i, 278 _sq._
Jacobins, French, ii, 324, 333 _sqq._, 342, 349, 621
Jacquerie, ii, 156, 502, 621
Jade, i, 118
Jaffa, ii, 353
Jaipur (jī poor’), ii, 256
Jamaica, ii, 254, 451, 471
James I, i, 110, ii, 216 _sqq._, 237, 253, 280
James II, ii, 226, 491
James, St., i, 580
James, Henry, ii, 550
Jameson, Dr., ii, 424
Jamestown, ii, 284, 305
Janissaries, ii, 122, 132
Japan, i, 139, 429, 432, 642, ii, 119, 185, 187, 261-62, 463-70, 623, 624
Japanese, i, 66, 147, 636, ii, 464;
language and writing, i, 156, 638
Japhet, i, 140
Jarandilla, ii, 207
Jarrow, ii, 50
Java, i, 68, ii, 187
Jaw, chimpanzee, i, 72;
human, _ib._; Piltdown (_see_ Piltdown)
Jefferson, Tho., ii, 293, 303 _sqq._
Jehad (jē häd’), “holy war,” ii, 80
Jehan (jē hăn’), Shah, ii, 133
Jehangir, ii, 133
Jehovah, i, 282, 287, 293, 307, 412
Jena (yā’ nă), battle of, ii, 362, 364, 476, 622
Jengis Khan (jen’ gis kän), ii, 106, 108, 109 _sq._,
116 _sq._, 121, 128 _sqq._,
261, 615
Jenné, i, 565
Jerboas, ii, 154
Jerome of Prague, ii, 151
Jerusalem, i, 247, 278, 288-93, 411, 523, 571-72,
575, 578, 580-81, 584-86, 589,
604, 618-19, 623, ii, 11, 21, 22, 64, 75, 78-84, 97, 229, 483, 612, 615
Jesuits, ii, 117, 127, 164 _sq._, 193, 309, 390, 465, 618 _sq._
Jesus, spirit and teaching of, i, 296, 492, 572 _sqq._,
601, 617, 626, ii, 6, 13 _sqq._, 54, 64, 85,
90 _sqq._, 116, 127, 149 _sq._, 158, 163, 263, 296,
342, 360, 376, 402, 417, 426, 609 _sq._
Jet, i, 105
Jevons, F. B., i, 118
Jewellery, iron, i, 107
Jewish religion and sacred books, i, 278, 294-96, 400,
411, 440, 538, 571-72, 576, ii, 36, 417
Jews, i, 200, 247, 278, 292-97, 303, 402, 411, 569-72,
609-10, ii, 3-9, 18, 29, 32, 36, 41, 71,
77, 88, 121, 147, 242, 248, 424, 607.
(_See also_ Judaism)
“Jingo,” ii, 447
Jingo, queen, ii, 465
Joab, i, 287
Joan of Arc, ii, 179
Job, Book of, i, 114, 294
Jodhpore (jōd poor’), Raja of, ii, 135
John, king of England, ii, 81, 219
John II, king of Portugal, ii, 186
John III, king of Poland.
(_See_ Sobiesky, John)
John X, pope, ii, 62, 614
John XI, pope, ii, 62, 614
John XII, pope, ii, 62 _sq._, 73, 97, 614
John of Leyden, ii, 156
John, Prester, ii, 119
John, St., ii, 580, 598;
Gospel of, i, 573, ii, 30, 50
Johnson, i, 238
Johnson, Samuel, ii, 493
Johnston, R. M., ii, 348
Jones, F. Wood, i, 63
Jones, H. Stuart, i, 454, 516, 522, 534, 609
Joppa, i, 282
Jordan, river, i, 278, ii, 19
Joseph, St., i, 574
Joseph II, emperor, ii, 240, 620 _sq._
Josephine, empress.
(_See_ Beauharnais)
Josephus, i, 500, 571 _sq._
Joshua, i, 282
Josiah, king of Judah, i, 292, ii, 607 _sq._
Judah, kingdom of, i, 289 _sqq._, ii, 244
Judaism, i, 440, 570, 583, ii, 16, 142, 149.
(_See also_ Jews)
Judas, i, 585
Judea, i, 196, 278, 365, 436, 538, 569 _sqq._, 584 _sqq._, ii, 4, 27
Judges, Book of, i, 282 _sq._
Judges of Israel, i, 467, ii, 144
Jugo-Slavs (ū’ gō slävz).
(_See_ Yugo-Slavs)
Jugurtha (joo gũr’ th_ă_), i, 502 _sq._, ii, 609
Julian the Apostate, i, 625, ii, 611
Julius III, ii, 208
Jung, i, 361
Jungle fowl, i, 114
Juno, i, 218, 483
Junot, Mme., ii, 349
Jupiter, i, 233, 412 _sq._, 448, ii, 49
Jupiter, planet, i, 4
Jupiter Ammon, i, 252
Jupiter Serapis, i, 412
Justinian, i, 606, 608, 611, 613, 633, ii, 46, 57 _sq._, 124, 153, 384, 612
Jutes, i, 554, 605, ii, 54, 66
Jutland, battle of, ii, 520
Kaaba (kä’ ă bă), ii, 5 _sqq._, 11, 27
Kadessia, battle of, ii, 20, 613
Kadija (kă dē’ j_ă_), ii, 6 _sqq._
Kaffirs, i, 219
Kaisar-i-Hind, i, 565, ii, 134
Kaisar-i-Roum, i, 565
Kaiser, Austrian, i, 565;
German, i, 565
Kali (kă’ lē), i, 439
Kalifa.
(_See_ Caliph)
Kalinga, i, 431
Kalmucks (käl’ mŭks), i, 137, 143, 545, ii, 128
Kanishka (kă nish’ k_ă_), i, 628, 646, ii, 610
Kao-chang, i, 644
Karakorum (kä rä kōr’ ăm), ii, 110 _sqq._, 134
Karma (kär’ mă), doctrine of, i, 425
Karnak, i, 200
Kashgar (kăsh gär’), i, 546, 628, 643, ii, 22, 109, 118, 610
Kashmir, Buddhists in, i, 432
Kautsky, ii, 510
Kavadh, i, 624, 634, ii, 1, 366, 612
Kazan (kă zän’), ii, 118
Keane, A. H., i, 118, 161
Keith, Dr. A., i, 63, 71 _sq._
Keltic languages, i, 168, 182, 299, 446, 605
Keltic race, i, 110, 168, 176, 182, 196, 299,
388, 395, 554, ii, 40, 48, 228, 490
Kelvin, Lord, i, 13
Kent, Duke of, ii, 405
Kent, Kingdom of, ii, 40
Kepler, ii, 176, 619
Kerensky, ii, 526-27
Kerne Island, i, 217
Ketboga, ii, 114, 132, 616
Keynes, J. M., ii, 541, 557, 560
Khalid (kä lēd’), ii, 18 _sq._
Khans, i, 644, ii, 108 _sqq._, 126 _sqq._, 144, 615 _sq._
Kharismia, ii, 106, 109, 615
Khazars (kä zärz’), ii, 70, 71
Khedive, the, of Egypt, ii, 471
Khitan people, ii, 109, 118
Khiva (kē’ vă), ii, 106, 108
Khokand (kō kănd’), i, 546, ii, 110
Khorasan (kō ră sän’), ii, 31, 37
Khotan (kō tän’), i, 628, ii, 118, 610
Khyber Pass, i, 386, 548, 643, ii, 257
Kiau-Chau (kyou’ chou’), ii, 469 _sq._, 564, 624
Kidnapped children sent to New England, ii, 284
Kieff, ii, 67, 110 _sq._, 129, 134, 614;
Grand Duke of, ii, 110
Kin Empire, ii, 108-09 _sq._, 128, 261, 615
Kings, book of, i, 193, 282, 287, 289, 291
Kings (and kingship), i, 134, 178, 218, 240 _sqq._,
248 _sqq._, 263, 285 _sqq._,
305 _sq._, 430, ii, 142, 194, 233-34, 286, 375 _sq._;
divine right of, ii, 216, 221
Kioto (kyō´ tō), ii, 467
Kipchak, Empire, ii, 114, 128 _sq._
Kipling, Rudyard, ii, 423, 462, 488
Kirghis (kir gēz´), ii, 109;
steppe, i, 634
Kitchen-middens, i, 109, 110, 152
Kiwi, i, 207
Knighthood, i, 465, ii, 202
Knights, i, 268, ii, 179;
of the Shire, i, 463, ii, 218
Knipe, H. R., i, 50
Knives, flint, i, 96
Knots, records by means of, i, 208
Knowledge, diffusion of, i, 296, 397 _sqq._, 487, ii, 168-69
Konia, ii, 72, 78
Königsberg, ii, 180, 367
Koran, ii, 9 _sq._, 15, 29 _sq._, 257
Korea, i, 633, 638 _sq._, ii, 261, 465 _sqq._
Korean alphabet, i, 638;
language, i, 156
Kosciusko (kos i ŭs´ kō), ii, 251
Krapina, i, 72
Kremlin, the, ii, 242
Krishna (krish´ nă), i, 439
Kropotkin, ii, 425
Krüdener, Baroness von, ii, 372
Krum, Prince of Bulgaria, ii, 58, 69, 614
Krupp, firm of, ii, 514
Kshatriyas (kshä trē´ yăz), i, 269, 270
Kuan-yin, i, 429
Kublai Khan (koo´ blī kän), ii, 108 _sqq._, 126 _sq._, 144, 616 _sq._
Kuen-lun (kwen loon´) mountains, i, 201, 546, 548, 643
Kufa, ii, 36
Kushan (koo shän´) dynasty, i, 628
Kusinagara, i, 646
Kut, ii, 522
Kutub, ii, 108, 615
Labour, i, 255, 265, 271, ii, 154-56, 157-58, 193, 404 _sqq._, 478
Labour Colleges, i, 487
Labourers, Statute of, ii, 156
Labrador, i, 78, 124, 137, ii, 435
Labyrinth, Cretan, i, 214, 216
Lacedemon (läs _ĕ_ dē´ m_ŏ_n), i, 303
Lacedemonians, i, 307, 322, 332
Ladé, i, 331
Ladrones (lä drōnz´), ii, 187
Ladysmith, i, 485
Lafayette (lä fā yet´), General, ii, 292, 316, 318, 324, 327
Lagash(lā´ găsh), i, 195
Lahore, ii, 110
Lake dwellings, i, 109-112, 133.
(_See also_ Pile dwellings)
La Madeleine, i, 96
Lamas, Grand, i, 429
Lamballe, princesse de, ii, 329
Lamps, Palæolithic, i, 95
Lance head, bronze, i, 132
Land, tenure of, i, 256, 271
Lanfranc, Archbishop, ii, 150
Lang, Andrew, i, 79
Langley, Prof., ii, 392
Languages of mankind, i, 126, 133, 150-64, 167-74, 189, 227, 298, 446
Lankester, Sir Ray, i, 50, 63, 68, 72-74
Laodicea (lā ō di sē´ ă), ii, 79
Lao Tse (lä´ ot z_ĕ_), i, 433, 436, 582, 632, 641, 647, ii, 106, 402, 607
Laplace, i, 31
Lapland, i, 156
Larsa, i, 195
Las Casas (läs kä´ säs), ii, 193, 305
Lateran, the, ii, 57, 63, 73, 84, 90, 92, 97
Latin, emperors, ii, 97, 229;
language and literature, i, 168, 169, 189, 461,
530, 534-5, 564, 605, 613, ii,
60, 71, 73, 130, 160
Latins, the, i, 445-454, ii, 616
Latium, i, 447
Laud, Archbishop, ii, 221
Laughter, ii, 373
Law, i, 309, 616, ii, 46
Lawrence, Colonel, i, 188
Lawrence, General, ii, 455
Leaf, Walter, i, 216
League of Nations, ii, 545, 548-49, 557-564, 624
Learning, i, 240-41, 609, ii, 114
Leather, Arabian, ii, 38;
money, i, 220, ii, 89;
as clothing, i, 408
Lebanon, i, 287, 621, 623
Lecky, i, 426
Lecointre (l_ĕ_ kwäntr´), ii, 318
Lee, General, ii, 301, 444
Leeuwenhoek (lā´ vĕn huk), ii, 177
Legge, i, 401, 413, 538, 595
Legion of Honour, ii, 357
Legrain, L., i, 241
Leicestershire, ii, 156
Leiden, ii, 229
Leipzig (līp´ sik), ii, 180;
battle of, ii, 368
_Leipzig_, cruiser, ii, 520
Lemberg, ii, 518
Lemming, i, 58
Le Moustier, i, 78
Lemurs, i, 56-57, 65
Lena, river, ii, 267
Lenin (len’ in), ii, 409-11, 527
Leo I, i, 559; III, ii, 57, 58, 60, 97, 613;
X, ii, 200-203, 618
Leo the Isaurian, ii, 29
Leonidas (lē on’ i dăs), i, 336
Leopold I, of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, ii, 381, 436, 622
Leopold, king of Belgium, ii, 438
Lepanto, battle of, ii, 140, 184
Lepers, ii, 94
Lepidus (lep’ i dŭs), i, 514
Levant, the, i, 598, ii, 194
Levantine lake, i, 210
Leverhulme, Lord, ii, 406
Levites, i, 288
Leviticus, Book of, i, 281
Lex Valeria, i, 457
Lexington, ii, 290-91, 621
Lhassa, i, 438, 591
Liang-chi-chao, i, 205
Liao-tung (lē ou’ toong’), ii, 469
Liberal Party, ii, 489
Liberia, i, 217, ii, 461
Libraries, i, 246, 292, 405-09
Libyan script, i, 228
Licinian Rogations and Laws, i, 459, 499, 631
Licinius, i, 459
Liége (1ē āzh’), ii, 513, 514
Liegnitz (lēg’ nits), battle of, ii, 112, 616
Life, i, 6, 16; early forms of, i, 7-15, 19-22, 38 _sqq._;
intellectual development of human, i, 229-31
Light, essential to plants, i, 24
Ligny (1ē nyē’), ii, 371
Ligurian republic, ii, 347
Lilybæum, i, 469, 470
Limerick, Treaty of, ii, 492
Lincoln, Abraham, i, 345, ii, 443, 623
Lion, the, i, 69, 70, 76, 102, 178, 317
Lippi, Filippo, ii, 183
Lisbon, i, 529, ii, 80, 180, 187, 207, 257
Lissa, battle of, ii, 445
Literature, prehistoric, i, 173
Lithuania, ii, 129, 244
Liu Yu, i, 633
Liverpool, ii, 386, 622
Lizards, i, 46
Llama, i, 56, 207
Lloyd, i, 346, 446
Lloyd, L., i, 174
Lob Nor, ii, 118
Lochau (lō chou’), ii, 206
Locke, John, ii, 288, 309, 620
Lockyer, Sir Norman, i, 240
Logic, study of, ii, 168
Loire (lwär), the, ii, 46
Lombardy (and Lombards), i, 143, 564, 606, 608,
612, 616, ii, 46, 57, 153, 361, 441, 612
London, ii, 154, 156, 180, 182, 221, 222, 249,
259, 289, 361, 370, 398, 437, 470, 483,
492, 520, 532, 623
London, Royal Society.
(_See_ Royal Society of London)
London, University of, ii, 437
Londonderry, ii, 497-98, 624
Longinus (lon jī’ nŭs), i, 535
Long Island Sound, ii, 281
Longwy (lo_n_ vē’), ii, 329
Loos, ii, 517
Lopez de Recalde, Inigo.
(_See_ Ignatius, St., of Loyola)
Lords, House of, i, 466, 489, ii, 219, 224-26, 236, 298
Loreburn, Lord, ii, 510
Lorraine, ii, 446, 487
Lost Ten Tribes, i, 193
Louis the Pious, ii, 47, 60-61, 614
Louis VII, ii, 80; IX, ii, 84, 116, 616;
XI, ii, 179; XIV, ii, 226, 236, 237-39, 249, 253, 311, 331, 356, 376;
XV, ii, 239-40, 243-44, 264, 332, 356, 620;
XVI, ii, 240, 243, 267, 308, 311 _sqq._, 337, 370, 621; XVII, ii, 370;
XVIII, ii, 370, 378, 622
Louis Philippe, ii, 379, 622
Louisiana, ii, 254, 286
Lourdes, i, 591
Louvain University, ii, 553
Low, Sidney, ii, 473
Loyalty, modern conceptions of, ii, 424
Loyola (lō-yō’ l_ă_, loi ō’ l_ă_), St.
(_See_ Ignatius, St., of Loyola)
Lu, i, 434
Lubbock, Sir John.
(_See_ Avebury, Lord)
Lubeck, ii, 182
Lucerne, Lake of, ii, 198
Lu-chu Islands, i, 631
Lucknow, ii, 257, 455
Lucretius (lū krē’ shi ŭs), i, 488, 534, ii, 419
Lucullus (lū kŭl’ ŭs), i, 505
Luke, St., i, 573
Lull, Prof., i, 6, 7
Lunar month, i, 129
Lung-fish, i, 25
Lungs, i, 25, 55
“Lur,” bronze, i, 132
_Lusitania_, liner, ii, 520
Luther, Martin, ii, 160, 162-63, 171, 202-03, 206, 618
Lutterworth, ii, 96
Lützen (lut’ s_ĕ_n), ii, 236
Lutsow, Count, ii, 152
Luxembourg, ii, 381, 445, 511
Luxembourg Palace, ii, 354
Luxor, i, 200, 250
Lvoff, Prince, ii, 525
Lyceum, Athens, i, 357, 359
Lycia, sea-battle of, ii, 28
Lycurgus (lī kũr’ gŭs), i, 221
Lydia (and Lydians), i, 220, 314-16, 320 _sqq._, 326-7, 370, 395,
416, 482, ii, 121, 606
Lydian language, i, 162;
script, i, 228
Lyell, Sir C., i, 50, ii, 419
Lynd, ii, 499
Lyons, i, 560, ii, 333
Lysias (lis’ i ăs), orator, i, 306
Lysimachus (lī sim’ _ă_ kŭs), i, 395
Macallister, Stewart, i, 168
Macaulay, Lord, i, 450, ii, 270, 273, 428
Macaulay Island, i, 218
Maccabeans, i, 571, ii, 4
McCurdy, ii, 513
MacDougall, i, 148
Macedon, i, 622
Macedonia (and the Macedonians), i, 213, 303, 308, 331, 340, 363,
367 _sqq._, 386-95, 401-2, 430, 452, 476, 480,
ii, 2, 43, 122, 145, 268, 380, 607
Machiavelli (mä kē ā vel’ ē), N., ii, 195-98, 202, 210, 240, 479, 618
Machinery, ii, 275, 395
Mac Neilh, i, 168
Madagascar, i, 207
Madeira, ii, 185
Madelin, ii, 307
_Madhurattha Vilasini_ (măd’ hoorāt’ t’h_ă_ vi lä’ si nē), i, 421
Madison, ii, 303
Madras, i, 179, 431, ii, 142, 258
Mæander (mē ăn’ dĕr), ii, 79
Mælius, Spurius, i, 458, 500
Magdalenian Age, i, 96, 97;
clothing, i, 408;
hunters, i, 317
Magdeburg, ii, 180, 235
Magellan, Ferdinand, ii, 187-88, 618
Magenta, ii, 441, 623
Magic and magicians, i, 134, 235
Magna Carta, ii, 219, 615
Magna Græcia, i, 302, 316, 451, 452
Magna Mater, i, 483
Magnesia, i, 397, 482, ii, 608
Magnetism, ii, 176
Magyar language, i, 156, 560, ii, 70
Magyars (môd´ yôrz, mă jărz´), i, 560, 606, ii, 69, 113
Mahaffy, i, 357, 389, 401, 404
Mahan, ii, 352
Mahrattas, ii, 257
Maillard, ii, 316-17
Maimonides (mī mon´ i dēz), ii, 36
Maine, ii, 281, 282
Mainz (mīnts), ii, 60, 159, 180, 331
Maize, i, 113, 207
Majuba, ii, 460, 489, 623
Malabar, i, 533
Malay-Polynesian languages, i, 158
Malays, i, 203, ii, 465
Malleson, ii, 133
Mallet, ii, 309
Malory, Sir Thomas, i, 175
Malta, ii, 225, 351, 359, 451, 470
Mamelukes, ii, 122, 126, 132
Mammals, i, 46-50, 58-59, 64 _sqq._
(_See also_ Animals)
Mammoth, i, 58, 64, 69, 76, 78, 92, 95, 99, 101
Man, i, 5, 17, 21, 37, 41, 63-67, 101, 105-109, 110, 134-35;
ancestry of, i, 49, 56-59, 63-69, ii, 420;
brotherhood of, i, 584;
early, i, 57, 85-88, 91, 100-09, 115, 122-35, 145, 149, 273, 407, ii, 341;
Eoanthropus, i, 60, 70-74;
Heidelberg, i, 60, 69, 71, 84;
life of common, i, 255;
as mechanical power, ii, 394;
Neanderthal, i, 60, 72, 90, 91-95, 97, 108, 122-25;
primeval, i, 76-84;
and the State, ii, 244-45
Manchester, ii, 386, 404, 622
Manchu (măn choo´) language, i, 156
Manchuria, i, 546, 641, ii, 261, 463-69, 484
Manchus, ii, 128, 261, 464
Mandarins, i, 270, 272
Mangu Khan, ii, 113, 116, 616
Mani (mä´ nē), i, 626-27, ii, 6, 13, 14, 91-92, 611
Manichæans (măn i kē´ _ă_nz), i, 603, 626, ii, 29, 91-92
Manichæism, i, 626
Manif (mä nēf), ii, 5, 11
Mankind, i, 136-149, 295-7, 365;
brotherhood of, ii, 246
Manlius, Marcus, i, 458, 473, 500
Manny, Sir Walter, ii, 154
Manresa (män rā’ s_ă_), Abbey of, ii, 165
Mansfield, Lord, ii, 306
Mansur, ii, 31
Mantinea (măn ti nē’ _ă_), i, 378
Mantua (măn’ tyū _ă_), ii, 332