There be countid a 140 Islettes of Scylley, that bere gresse exceding
good pasture for catail. S. Mary isle is a 5 miles or more in cumpace;
in it is a poore toun, and a meately strong pile: but the roues
[roofs] of the buildinges in it be sore defacid and woren. The ground
of this ile berith exceeding good corn: insomuch that, if a man do but
cast corn wher hogges have rotid, it wyl cum up.
_Iniscaw_ longid to Tavestoke, and ther was a poore celle of monkes of
Tavestoke. Sum caulle this Trescaw: it is the biggest of the Islettes,
in cumpace a 6 miles or more.
S. Martines isle.
S. Agnes isle, so caullid of a chapel theryn. The isle of S. Agnes was
desolated by this chaunce _in recenti hominum memoria_. The hole
numbre almost of v. housoldes that were yn this isle cam to a mariage
or a fest into S. Mary isle, and goinge homewarde were al drownid.
Ratte islande.
Saynct Lides isle; wher yn tymes past at her sepulchre was gret
superstition.
There appere tokens in diverse [of] the islettes of habitations now
clene doun.
Gulles and puffinnes be taken in diverse of these islettes, and plenty
of conyes be in diverse of these islettes. Diverse of these islettes
berith wyld garlyk. Few men be glad to inhabite these islettes, for al
the plenty, for robbers by the sea that take their catail of force.
These robbers be French men and Spaniardes. One Davers, a gentilman of
Wilshir, whos chief house is at Daundesey, and Whittington, a
gentleman of Glocestreshire, be owners of Scylley; but they have scant
40 markes by yere of rentes and commodites of it.
Scylley is a kenning, that is to say, about an xx miles from the very
westeste pointe of Cornewaulle.
Petites principal house was at _Ardeverauian_ in Falmouth Haven by the
peninsula, caullid Ardeverameur. Petites landes be now descended to
Arundale of Trerise, Granville, knight, and Killigrew.
Thomas Levelis about S. Burianes.
Kiwartun at Newlin by Mousehole.
John Godolcan at Mousehole.
Cavelle is S. Cua paroch at Trearach.
Carnsew at Brokelly in S. Cua paroch.
Nicolle in S. Tedy paroch by Bokelly.
Trecarelle, at Trecarelle by Launston.
From Mr. Godolcan to _Pembro_, wher the paroch chirch is [i. e.
appertains] to Mr. Godolcan. The personage impropriate to Heyles in
Glocestreshir. The south se is about a mile from Pembro.
From Mr. Godolcan to _Lanante_ a 4 miles. Passage at ebbe over a great
strond, and then over Heyle river.
No greater tynne workes yn al Cornwall then be on Sir Wylliam
Godalcan’s ground.
Heyle Haven shoken [choaked] with land of tynne works.
Heile ryver cummith of 4 principale heddes or brokes; one riseth by
south, and other by south west; another by south-est; the 4 by
north-est.
Mr. Mohun hath a fair lordship by S. Erthe’s, caullyd ――――.
Trewinard, a gentilman dwelling at _Trewinard_ yn S. Erth paroch. _S.
Erth_, a good mile above Lenant. S. Erth bridge, a good mile from
Lannante, of 3 archis a litle byneth the paroche [church?] that
stondith on the est side of the haven. This bridge was made a 200
yeres syns, and hath a 3 arches. Afore ther was a fery. Ther cam to
this place ons, the haven beyng onbarrid, and syns chokid with tynne
workes, good talle shippes.
There was a castel caullid _Carnhangives_, as apperith, or manor
place, now clene doun, not far from the bridg. Dinham, as sum say, was
lord of this place, and to the court thereof be longging many knightes
and gentilmens services.
The toune of _Lannant_ [now _Lelant_] is praty. The church thereof is
of S. Unine.
S. Fës [_St. Ive’s_] a 2 miles or more from Lannant. The place that
the chief of the toun hath and partely dooth stonde yn, is a very
peninsula, and is extendid into the se of Severn as a cape. This
peninsula, to compace it by the rote, lakkith litle of a mile. Most
part of the houses in the peninsula be sore oppressid or overcoverid
with sandes, that the stormy windes and rages castith up there. This
calamite hath continued ther litle above 20 yeres. The best part of
the toun now standith in the south part of the peninsula, up toward
another hille, for defence from the sandes. There is a blok house and
a fair pere in the est side of the peninsula; but the pere is sore
chokid with sande. The paroch chirch is of Iva, a nobleman’s daughter
of Ireland, and disciple of S. Barricus. Iva and Elwine, with many
other, cam into Cornewaul, and landid at Pendinas. This Pendinas is
the peninsula and stony rok wher now the toun of S. Ives stondith. One
Dinan, a great lord in Cornewaul, made a chirch at Pendinas, at the
requist of Iva, as it is written yn S. Ive’s legende.
Ther is now at the very point of _Pendinas_ a chapel of S. Nicolas,
and a _pharos_ for lighte for shippes sailing by night in those
quarters. The town of S. Ive’s is servid with fresch water of
brokettes that rise in the hilles thereby. The late Lord Brook was
lord of S. Ive’s, now Blunt lord Monjoy, and young Poulet.
_S. Piranes in the Sandes_, is an xviij. miles from S. Ive’s upward on
Severne; and _S. Carantokes_ is a 2 miles above that on the shore. Els
litle or no notable thing on the shore for so farre. The shore from S.
Ives is sore plagued to S. Carantokes with sandes. There dwellith a
gentilman of a 50 markes land by yere, caullid Glynne, yn S. Ive’s.
From Mr. Godalcan’s to _Trewedenek_, about a 4 miles, wher Thomas
Godalcan [yonger] sun to Sir Willyam, buildith a praty house, and hath
made an exceding fair blo-house mille in the rokky valley therby.
Alle the brookes that cummith from the hilles thereabout gather
to[ward] this botom, and go into Lo Poole a 2 [miles beneath.] _Lo
Poole_ is a 2 miles in lenght, and betwixt it and the mayn se, is but
a barre of sand: and ons in 3 or 4 yeres, what by the wait of the
fresch water and rage of the se, it brekith out, and then the fresch
and salt water metyng makith a wonderful noise. But sone after, the
mouth is barrid again with sande. At other tymes the superfluite of
the water of Lo Poole drenith out thorough the sandy barre into the
se. If this barre might be alway kept open, it wold be a goodly haven
up to Hailestoun. The commune fisch of this pole is trout and ele.
_Hailestoun_, alias Hellas, stondith on an hill, a good market toun,
having a mair and privileges; and coinage twis a yere for tynne
blokkes. There hath bene a castelle. One paroch chirch at the
north-west ende of the towne. An hospital of S. John yet stonding at
the west-southwest of the town, of the foundation of one Kylligrew.
The fresch water that goith to Lo Poole cummith down on the west side
of the toun, but not even hard by it. Wike Mille water cummith within
about half a mile on the east side of the towne.
From Hailstoun to _Mogun Bridge_, about a 2 miles dim. Thorough this
bridge rennith at ebbe a litle brooke that riseth a ―――― miles upper by
weste. It ebbith and flowith aboute a mile above this bridge. I saw on
the left hand, a litle beside this bridge, the principal arme of
Hailford Haven, caullid Wike, the wich flowith about a 3 miles upland
by north to Wike Mille; and this arme is beten[49] with 2 litle fresch
brokes bering the name of Wyke. A flite shot beyond this bridge I cam
to a causey of stone, in the midle whereof was a bridge having but one
arche. It flowith above this bridge; and at the ebbe there resortith a
broke thourough this bridge, that cummith down from south-weste. A
litle beneth these bridges both thes brokes in one run into Wik water.
These bridges be a 4 miles or more from the mouth of Heilford Haven.
About a 2 miles beneth this confluence rennith up on the est side of
the haven a creeke of salt water, caullid Poulpere, and hemmith in a
peace of Mr. Reskymer’s Parke at Merdon, so that with this creke, and
the main se water of the haven, upon a 3 partes the parke is
strenkthyd [surrounded]. Poul Wheverel about half a mile lower, having
a brooke resorting to it. There is on the same side half a mile
[lower] another creke callid Cheilow, alias Chalmansak. There be 4
crekes, (eche of thes crekes hath a broket resorting to them,) on the
south-west side of the haven thus named. Pencastel the first, from the
mouth, 4 miles beneth the bridges, whither shipes do resorte; and here
is a _trajectus_ from the one side of the haven to the other. This is
a mile from the haven mouth, and here the shippes cummunely do ly.
[2.] Caullons, half a mile upward. Then [3.] Mogun, a 2 miles higher,
wher the bridge is, with the broken stone. S. Mogun’s Chirch upon
Mogun Creeke. [4.] Gaire, wher the bridge is, with the causey and one
arch, so that this brekith as a creke out of Mogun.
_S. Mawnoun_ chirch, at the very point of the haven on the side toward
Falmouth, a se marke. Gelling creeke, agayne S. Mawnoun’s on the other
side, hard without the haven mouth. Gilling creke brekith at the hed
into 2 crekes.
_S. Piranes_, alias _Keverine_, wher the sanctuarie was, a mile from
S. Antonies, and not a mile from the main se.
The patronage of _S. Antonies_ longid to Trewardreth. S. Antonies
chirch or chapel beside at ―――― sand. S. Antonies standith in the point
of the land of Gilling creke, and the mouth of Hailford haven. Mr.
_Reskimer_ hath a maner caullid by his own name a mile from Moreden.
There hath bene a fair house, but it felle to ruine in tyme of mynde.
Mr. Reskimer berith in his armes a wolphe. One of the Reskimers gave
land to S. Keverines, for sustentation of certein poore folkes. _S.
Keverine’s_, 2 miles from Gilling creeke, and not a mile from the se.
S. Keverine’s longgid to Bewle Abbay in Hampshir, and had a sanctuarie
privilegid at S. Keverin’s.
From Gaire bridg to _Tremain_, wher Mr. Reskimer now dwellith, a good
mile. This litle house longgid to Tremain, and in tyme of mynde cam by
heire general to one Tretherde. This Tretherde hath, beside, landes
and a praty maner place at ―――― John Reskimer’s mother was Tretherth’s
[daughter.] There is in Devonshir one of the Tremayns a man of fayre
landes.
From Tremayn over Heilford Haven to _Morden_, where Mr. Reskimer hath
a ruinus maner place, and a fair park well woddid; wherof 3 partes is
within the principal streme of the haven, and a creke caullid Poole
Penrith, hemmid yn. Morden [is] in Constentine paroch.
Then I rode half a mile and more from Morden over the fresch water,
that riseth no far distance off yn the hilles, and goith strait into
Poulpenrith creeke. About half a mile farther, I rode over an arme of
the broke that cummith doun to Poulwitheral creeke; and sone after I
rode over the greater arme of the same broke, the salt arme lying in
the bottom hard under it.
Then I rode a 4 miles by morey and rokky ground. And then within the
space of half a mile, I cam to _S. Budocus_ church. This Budocus was
an Irisch man, and cam into Cornewalle, and ther dwellid. A litle from
the chirch there enterid betwixt ij hilles on the shore a short creke
lyke an havenet, but it was barrid.
And a quarter of a mile farther I cam to _Arwennak_, Mr. Keligrewis
place, stonding on the brimme or shore within Falemouth Haven. This
place has been of continuance the auncient house of the Killigrewes.
There was another house of the Keligrewis descending out of this, and
it was in the toun of Penrine. Now both these houses be joynid yn one.
The very point of the haven mouth, being an hille wheron the King hath
builded a castel, is caullid _Pendinant_, and longgith to Mr.
Kiligrewe. It is a mile in cumpace, and is almost environid by the se;
and where it is not, the ground is so low, and the cut to be made so
litle, that it were insulatid. From S. Mawnon to Pendinas by water a 4
miles.
There lyith a litle cape or foreland within the haven, a mile dim.
almost again Mr. Kiligrewis house, called _Penfusis_. Betwixt this
cape and Mr. Kiligrew’s house, one great arme of the haven rennith up
to Penrine toun.
_Penrine_ 3 good miles from the very entery of Falmouth haven, and 2
miles from Penfusis. There dwellith an auncient gentilman, callid
Trefusis, at this point of Penfusis.
_Levine Prisklo_, alias Levine Pole, betwixt S. Budocus and Pendinas;
it were a good haven but for the barre of sande.
The first creke or arme that castith out on the northwest side of
Falemuth, goith up [to] Penrin, and at the ende it brekith into 2
armes, the lesse to the College of Glasenith, i. _viridis nidus_, or
wag-mier, at Penrin; the other to S. Gluvias, the paroch church of
Penrine therby.
Out of eche side of Penrine creke, breaketh out an arme or ever it cum
to Penrin. Stakes and foundation of stone sette in the creeke at
Penrine, afore the toun, a little lower than wher it brekith into
armes. A gap in the midle of the stakes, and a chain.
Good wood about the south and west syde of Penrith. One Walter
[Brounscombe], Bishop of Excestre, made yn a more caullid _Glesnith_,
in the bottom of a park of his at Penrine, a Collegiate chirch, with a
provost, xij prebendaries, and other ministers. This college is
strongly wallid and incastellid, having 3 strong towers and gunnes at
the but of the creke.
Betwixt the point of land of Trefusis, and the point of Restronget
wood, is Milor creek, and there is _S. Milor’s_ church, and beyond the
church is a good rode for shippes. Milor creke goith up a mile. Good
wood in Restronget.
The next creek beyond the point in Stronget Wood is caullid
Restronget, and going ij miles into the land, it brekith into 2 armes;
and _St. [Feock’s]_ Church standith in the land betwixt; and on the
arme is a stone bridg caullid Carr Bridg in the way thens to Truru.
Betwixt Restrongith Creke, and the creke of Truru, be two creekes.
Truru Creeke is next, and goith up a 2 miles creking up from the
principal streme. This creke brekith withyn half a mile of _Truru_,
and castith yn a creke westward by Newham Wood. This creke of Truru,
afore the very toun, is devidid into 2 partes, and eche of them hath a
brook cumming doun, and a bridge, and the toun of Truru betwixt them
both. The White Freres house was on the west arme, yn Kenwyn streate.
Kenwen streat is severid from Truru with this arme; and Clementes
streat by est is seperate on the est side from Truru with the other
arme. One paroche church in Truru self. Kenwen and Clementes streates
hath several chirches, and bere the name of the sainctes of the paroch
chirches. Coynage of tynne at Midsomer and Michelmas at Truru. Truru
is a borow toun and privilegid. Ther is a castelle a quarter of a mile
by west out of Truru, longging to the Earl of Cornwale, now clene
doun. The site therof is now usid for a shoting and playing place. Out
of the body of Truru creke on the est side, brekith a crek estwarde a
mile from Truru, and goith up a mile dim. to Tresilian Bridge of
stone. At the entry and mouth of this creeke is a rode for shippes,
caullid Maples Rode. Here faught a late xviij sail of Marchant
Spaniardes, and 4 shippes of warre of Depe. The Spaniardes chac’d
hither the French men.
A mile and a half above the mouth of Truro Creke, caullid La Moran
Creke, of the church of _S. Moran_. This creke goith into the land a
quarter of a mile from the maine streme of the haven. The mayne
streame goith up 2 miles above Moran creeke, ebbing and flowing; and a
quarter of a mile above is the toune of _Tregony_, _vulgo_ Tregny.
Here is a bridge of stone _aliquot arcuum_ apon Fala ryver. Fala river
riseth a mile or more off Rochehille, and goith by Granborrow, [“Pons
grandis,” i. e. Granpound] wher is a bridge of stone over it.
_Graunpond_, a 4 miles from [Roche,] and 2 litle miles from Tregony.
Mr. Tregyon hath a maner place richely begon and amply, but not endid,
caullid _Wulvedon_, alias Goldoun. Fala ryver, is betwixt Graunpond
and Tregony.
From Tregony to passe doune by the body of the haven of Falamuth, to
the mouth of Lanyhorne creeke or pille on the south-est side of the
haven, is a 2 miles. This creke goith up half a mile from the
principale streame of the haven.
At the hed of this creeke standith the castelle of _Lanyhorne_,
sumtyme a castel of an 8 toures, now decaying for lak of coverture. It
longgid as principal house to the Archedecons. Thes landes descendid
by heires general to the best Corbetes of Shropshir, and to Vaulx of
Northamptonshir. Vaulx part syns bought by Tregyon of Cornewaul. From
Lanyhorne pille is a place or point of land of 40 acres or therabout
as a peninsula, and is caullid _Ardeuerameur_, and is a mile from
Lanyhorne creke; and the water or creke that cummith or rennith into
the south-south-est part is but a litle thyng, as of an half mile. The
creke that hemmith this peninsula up into the land, yn on the
west-south-west side, is the mayn land betwixt Crameur creke and this.
From the mouth of the west creke of this peninsula to S. Juste creeke
a 4 miles or more. From S. Juste pille or creeke to S. Mauditus creeke
is a mile dim.
The point of the land betwixt S. Juste creke and S. Maws is of sum
caullid Pendinas, and on this point stondith, as yn the entery of S.
Maws creek, a castelle or forteres late begon by the king.
[Vol. iii. p. 46. _Inscriptions made [by Leland] at the request of
Master Trewry at the Castelle of St. Maw’s._
Henricus Oct. Rex Angl. Franc. et Hiberniæ invictiss. me posuit
præsidium Reipubl. terrorem Hostib.
Imperio Henrici, naves, submittite vela.
Semper honos, Henrice, tuus laudesque manebunt.
Edwardus famâ referat factisque parentem.