This creke of S. Maws goith up a 2 myles by est-north-est into the
land, and so far it ebbith and flowith; and ther is a mylle dryven
with a fresch brook that resortith to the creke. Scant a quarter of a
mile from the castel on the same side, upper into the land, is a praty
village or fischar town with a pere, caullid _S. Maw’s_; and there is
a chapelle of hym, and his chaire of stone a little without, and his
welle. They caulle this Sainct there S. Mat ―――― he was a bishop in
Britain, and [was] paintid as a scholemaster.
Half a mile from the hedde of this, downward to the haven, is a creke
in a corner of a poole with a round mark, made in charte, on the which
is a mille grinding with the tyde. A mile beneth that, on the south
side enterythe a creke half a mile, and this is barrid by a smaul sand
banke from the main sea. A mile beneth this, and almost agayn S. Maw,
a creeke or poole goynge up a litle in ―――― at the but of this is a myle.
And a celle of S. Antone longging to Plympton Priory, and here, of
late dayes, lay 2 chanons of Plympton Priory.
All the crekes of Fala welle woddid.
From S. Antonies Point at the mayn se to Penare Point a 3 miles dim.
_Grefe_ Islet lyith scant half a mile est of Penare, wherein breadeth
gullis and other se foules. This Grefe lyith north from the Forne, a
point or foreland in Britain, bytwene the wich is the entery of the
sleve of the ocean. And betwixt Forne and Grefe is a v. kennynges; and
here is _breviss. trajectus_ by estimation from Cornewaulle into
Britaines continent.
About a myle by west of Penare is a forte nere the shore in the paroch
of _S. Geron’s_. It is a single dikyd, and within a but shot of the
north side of the same apperith an hole of a vault broken up by a
plough yn tylling. This vault had an issue from the castelle to the
se. And a litle by north of the castelle a 4 or 5 borowes or cast
hilles. A mile dim. from this there is another in the syde of an hille
―――― a quarter ―――― from the lordship of ―――― thy, sumtyme the
Archdekens, now Corbettes and Tregions.
Dudeman Foreland or Point is about a 3 miles from Grefe. No wood on
the very cost from S. Antonies Point to Dudeman. Inward yn the land is
some woode ―――― This chapelle land or point is in the park of _Bodrugan_;
and yn this park was the house of Sir Henry Bodrugan, a man of
auncient stok, atteyntid for takyng part with King Richard the 3 agayn
Henry the 7; and after flying into Ireland, Syr Richard Eggecomb,
father to Sir Pers Eggecombe, had Bodrigan and other parcelles of
Bodrigan’s landes. And Trevagnon had part of Bodrigan’s landes, as
Restronget and Newham, both in Falamuth Haven.
From Chapel land to _Pentowen_, a sandy bay, witherto fischar bootes
repair for a socour, a 2 myles. Here issuith out a praty ryver that
cummith from _S. Austelles_, about a 2 miles dim. off. And there is a
bridge of stone of the name of the town. This ryver rennith under the
west side of the hille, that, the poore toun of S. Austelles stondith
on. At S. Austelles is nothing notable but the paroch chirch.
From Pentowen to the Blake Hedd a mile. There is a fair quarre of whit
fre-stone on the shore betwixt Pentowen and Blak Hed, whereof sum be
usid in the inward partes of S. Mawe’s forteresse. The residew of
morstone and slate. And Pendinas Castelle is of the same stone except
the wallinge.
And in the cliffes between the Blak Hed and Tywartraith Bay is a
certeyn cave, wheryn apperith thinges lyke images gilted. And also in
the same cliffes be vaynis of metalles as coper and other.
There is, a mile from the entery of Tywartraith Bay up yn the land at
the but ende of it, a paroch chirch of _S. Blase_, and ther is a new
bridge of stone of the sainctes name over a broke that ther cummith
into the bay.
_Tywardreth_, a praty toun but no market, lyith a quarter of a myle
from the est side of the bay. Ther is a paroch chirch, and ther was a
priory of blak monkes, a celle sumtyme to a house in Normandy. Sum say
Campernulphus was founder of this priory. Sum say that Cardinham was
founder. Arundale of Lanhern was of late taken for founder. I saw a
tumbe in the west part of the chirch of the priori, with this
inscription:
Hæc est Tumba Roberti filii Wilihelmi.
This Robert Fitz William was a man of fair landes _tempore Edwardi 3.
reg. Ang._
From Tywardreth toun to _Fawey_ town a ij miles. The point of land on
the est side of Tywardreth Bay is caullid Penarth Point. From Penarth
to the haven mouth of Fawey is a 2 miles. Ther is at the west point of
the haven of Fawey Mouth a blok house devised by Thomas Treury,[50]
and made partely by his cost, partely by the town of Fawey. A litle
higher on this point of the hille is a chapel of S. Catarine. And hard
under the roote of this hille a litle withyn the haven mouth, is a
litle bay or creke bering the name of Catarine.
About a quarter of a mile upper on this the west side of Fawey haven
is a square toure of stone for defence of the haven, made about King
Edward the 4. tym; and litle above this tower on the same side is
_Fawey_ Town, lying alonge the shore, and builded on the side of a
great slatey rokkid hille. In the midle of the toun apon the shore
self is a house buildid quadrantly in the haven, which shadowith the
shippes in the haven above it from 3 partes of the haven mouth, and
defendith them from stormes. The name of the toun of Fawey is in
Cornisch Conwhath. It is set on the north side of the haven, and is
set hangging on a maine rokky hille, and is in length about a quarter
of a mile. The towne longgid to one Cardinham, a man of great fame,
and he gave it to Tywartraith Priorie, of the which sum say that
Cardinham was founder; sum say Campernulph of Bere. But at this gift
Fawey was but a smaul fischar toun. The paroch chirch of Fawey is of
S. Fimbarrus, and was impropriate to the priorie of Tywartraith. The
glorie of Fawey rose by the warres in King Edward the first and the
thirde and Henry the v. day, partely by feates of warre, partely by
pyracie, and so waxing riche felle al to marchaundice, so that the
town was hauntid with shippes of diverse nations, and their shippes
went to all nations. The shippes of Fawey sayling by Rhie and
Winchelsey, about Edward the 3. tyme, wold vale no bonet beyng
requirid; wherapon Rhy and Winchelsey men and they faught, when Fawey
men had victorie, and therapon bare the armes mixt with the armes of
Rhy and Winchelsey, and then rose the name of the ‘Gallaunts of
Fawey.’ The French men diverse tymes assailid this town, and last most
notably about Henry the vj. tyme, when the wife of Thomas Treury the
2. with her men repellid the French out of her house in her
housebandes absence. Wherapon, Thomas Treury buildid a right fair and
stronge embatelid tower in his house, and embateling all the waulles
of the house, in a maner made it a castelle, and onto this day it is
the glorie of the town building in Faweye. In Edwarde the 4. day, 2.
stronge towers were made a litle beneth the town, one on eche side of
the haven, and a chayne to be drawen over. When warre in Edward the 4
dayes seasid bytwene the French men and Englisch, the men of Fawey,
usid to pray [spoil], kept their shippes and asaillid the Frenchmen in
the sea agayn King Edwardes commandement; wherapon the capitaines of
the shippes of Fawey were taken and sent to London, and Dertemouth men
commaunded to fetche their shippes away, at which tyme Dertmouth men
toke them in Fawy, and toke away, as it is said, the great chein that
was made to be drawen over the haven from towre to towre.
From Fawey town end by north in the haven is Chagha mille pille, a
litle uppeward on the same side. A good mile above Chagha mille pille
is on this west side Bodmyn pille, having [a landing place] for wares,
then to be caried to Bodmyn.
A quarter of a mile from Bodmyn creek mouth up into the haven on the
same side is _Gullant_ a fischar tounlet.
From Gullant to Lantian pille or creek about half a mile: it goith up
but a litle into the land. _Lantiant_ lordship longid to the Erle of
Saresbyri. Barret, a man of mene landes, dwellith bytwixt Gullant and
Lantient pille.
From Lantiant pille to Bloughan pille or creke nere a mile; it crekith
up but a litle.
From Bloughan to _Lostwithiel_ scant a mile on the principal streame
of Fawey river. It hath ebbid and flowen above Lostwithiel; but now it
flowith not ful to the toun. In Lostwithiel is the shir haul of
Cornewaul. Therby is also the coynege haul for tynne. The town is
privilegid for a borow; and there is wekely a market on Thursday.
_Richardus Rex Rom. comes Cornubiæ_ privilegid this town. The paroch
chirch is of S. Barptolome. There comithe a broket from west throghe
the side of Lostwithiel, and goith est into Fawey ryver, dividinge
Penknek from Lostwithiel.
Penknek is yn Lanleverey paroch.
Carteis, a gentleman of almost an 100 mark land, dwellith betwyxt
Bloughan and Penknek by Lostwithiel.
The park of _Restormel_ is hard by the north side of the town of
Lostwithiel. Tynne workes in this parke. Good woode in this parke.
Ther is a castel on an hil in this park, wher sumtymes the Erles of
Cornewal lay. The base court is sore defacid. The fair large dungeon
yet stondith. A chapel cast out of it, a newer work then it, and now
onrofid. A chapel of the Trinite in the park, not far from the
castelle.
The castel of _Cardinham_, a 4. miles or more by north from
Lostwithiel. To this castelle longith many knightes services. Arundale
of Lanherne. The Lord Souch, Compton and ―――― partith Cairdinham’s
landes.
The ryver of Fawey risith in Fawey more about a 2. miles from
Camilford by south, in a very wagmore in the side of an hil. Thens to
Draynesbridge, of flat more stones. Thens to Clobham bridg, drownid
with sand, ij miles and more. Thens to Lergen bridge of 2 or 3 arches,
a mile lower. Thens to Newbridg of stone archid, a 2 miles. Thence to
Resprin bridge of stone archid, alias Laprin, about 2 miles. Thens to
Lostwithiel bridge of five arches, two miles. A litle above
Lostwithiel bridge of stone, the ryver of Fawey brekith into 2 armes;
wherof at this day the lesse goith to the ston bridge, the bigger to a
wodde bridge even again[st] and but a litle way of from the stone
bridge; and after a praty way lower the armes cum again to one botom.
The great part of Fawey water is by policie turnid from the ston bridg
for choking of it, and for to put the sande of from the botom of the
toun. The stone bridge, in tyme of memorie of men lyving, was of
arches very depe to the sight; the sande is now cum to within a 4 or 5
feete of the very hedde of them. The sande that cummith from tynne
workes is a great cause of this, and yn tyme to cum shaul be a sore
decay to the hole haven of Fawey. Barges as yet cum with marchanties
within half a mile of Lostwithiel.
From Lostwithiel doun along Fawey ryver to _S. Winnous_, an abbate
chirch, a good myle. By the wich chirch of old tyme enhabitid a
gentilman, _Joannes de S. Winnoco_. After the Lordes Hastinges wer
owners of it; and then sold to Guiliam Loures gret-grandfather now
lyving. This Lower hath to wife one of the 2 daughters of Thomas
Treury. By this chirch is a warfe to make shippes by. Much good wood
at S. Ginokes, and on the other side of the haven agayn it. From S.
Guinows chirch to the point of S. Winows wood, half a mile. Here goith
yn a salt crek half a mile on the est side of the haven, and at the
hed of it is a bridge caulled Lerine bridge, and the creke berith also
the name of Lerine.
At the north side of this Lerine creke, almost at the hedd, is
_Teuthey_, Laurence Courteneis house. It longgid ons to Stonnard, sins
to Cayle, and now last to the Courteneis of the house of Devonshir
descendinge. From Lerine creke to S. Carac pille or creeke, about half
a mile lower on the said est side of the haven; it goith a mile dim.
up into the land.
In midle of this creke on the north side was a litle celle of Saint
Cyret and Julette, longging to Montegue Priory. From the mouth of S.
Carak pille to Poulmorlande pille about a mile. It goith scant a
quarter of a mile up into the lande, and at the hedde goith into 2
armes.
From the mouth of Poulmorlande to _Bodenek_ village half a mile, wher
the passage is to Fawey, and from ―――― Mr. Mohun hath a maner place,
caullid the Haul, on an hil above this village.
From Bodenek to Pelene Point a quarter of a mile, and here enterith a
pille or creeke half a mile up into the land.
At the hed of this pille is a chapel of _St. Wilow_, and by it is a
place caullid Lamelin, lately longging to Lamelin, now to Trelauny by
heir general. Trelauny’s house is at Meneheneth by Liscard. On the
south side of this creke is the paroch church, caullid _Lanteglise
juxta Fawey_, being the paroch chirch of Bodenek and Poulruan. From
the mouth of this creke to _Poulruan_, a good fischar town, a quarter
of a mile. And at this Poulruan toun is a tower of force, marching
again the tower on Fawey side. Ther was ons, as it is said, a chaine
to go over the haven from tower to toure. The haven mouth of Fawey is
a 2 bow shottes of.
The very point of land at the est side of the mouth of this haven, is
caullid Pontus crosse, _vulgo_ Paunch crosse.
From Lostwithiel to _Castledour_, now clene doun, 3 good miles by
plentiful ground of corn and grasse. Castledour longgid to the Erle of
Sarisbyri.
A mile of is a broken crosse thus inscribed, CONOMOR ET FILIUS CUM
DOMINA CLUSILLA.
From Pontus Crosse to _Poulpirrhe_ about a six miles, wher is a little
fischar toun and a peere, with a very litle creke and a broke. Ther is
a crikket betwixt Poulpirrhe and Low. From Poulpirrhe to Low creke dry
at half ebbe a 2 miles. On eche side of the entery of this creke is a
toun, the one caullid Est Low, the other West Low.
_Est Low_ is a praty market toun. There is a great bridge of a 12
archis over Low creke, to go from the one toun of Low to the other.
Good wood about Low creke.
Ther is a maner place caullid _Trelaun_ about this Low creke, sumtyme
Bonvilles, now the Marquise of Dorsetes. Salmon taken yn this creke.
Kendale and Code, gentilmen, dwelle yn Morel paroche on the est syde
of this creke.
From Low creeke to Seton bridge of stone of a 2 archis, and Setoun
ryver a 3 miles.
From Seton to Ramehed, about a 9 miles.
From Fawey over the haven to _Bodenek_, a fischar town, wherby Mr.
Mohun hath a manor place.
Thens a 5 miles by very pleasaunt inclosid ground prately wooddid,
plentiful of corn and grasse.
Then a 3 miles by mory and hethy ground.
Then 2 miles by hilly and woddy ground to Liscard.
About half a mile or 1 cam to Liskard, I passid in a wood by a chapel
of owr Lady, caullid “our Lady in the Park,” wher was wont to be gret
pilgrimage. This chapelle of ease longgith to Liskard, and so doth 2
or 3 more.
_Liskard_ stondith on rokky hilles, and is the best market town at
this day in Cornwaul, saving Bodmin. In this toun the market is kept
on Monday. The paroch chirch is of S. Martin, stondith on an hil, and
is a fair large thing. The personage is impropriate to ――――. Ther was a
castel on an hille in the toun side, by north from S. Martin. It is
now al in ruine. Fragments and peaces of waulles yet stond. The site
of it is magnificent and looketh over al the toun. This castelle was
the Erles of Cornwaul. It is now usyd somtym for a pound of cattell.
This towne knowledgith fredom and privileges by the gift of Richard
King of Romanes, and Erle of Cornewaul. Ther is a goodly conduct in
the midle of the town very plentiful of water to serve the town.
From Liskard to Fowey 10.
From Liskard to Launstoun 12 miles.
From Liskard to Lostwithiel 10.
From Liskard to Bodmin 10.
From Liskard to Low Market 7.
From Liskard to S. Germanes a 6 miles.
From Liskard to Plymmouth a 12 miles.
Cumming out of Liskarde, about half a mile, I left _Cortyder_, a
goodly lordship and an old maner place, on the right hond; it is a
hunderith pounde by the yere. This is now fawllen onto heir-general in
partition. Cotyder, and the lordship of Tregelley, now caullid
Minheneth lordship, longgid (as Mr. Trelawney told me) to one Heling
or Eling. Cotyder cam after hime, therof named Cotyder ―――― had male
―――― and Cotyder, now Beket hath Cotyder self ――――. Corington and
another of them had ――――.
From Liskard to _Minheneth_ 2 miles, wher is a fair large old chirch.
The personage of it is impropriate to ――――. From Mynhenet to the ruines
of Bodulcan’s place a 2 miles. The maner of Minheneth was sumtime
caullid Tregelly, wherof the name and sum ruines yet remaine.
Trelawney now lyving, is the 4. of that name that hath be lord of
Minheneth. Ther was one Sir John Trelawney, sn auncient gentilman,
father to the first Trelawney of Minheneth, but be likelihod he had an
elder sun; for Trelawney now living hath none of the landes, but it is
descendid to heires generales.
Half a mile off, a great brooke, after the course of a 4 miles,
resorting to Liner and S. Germanes creke a this side S. Germanes.
Another broket a quarter of a mile beyond, that resortith to the
other.
Thens to Natter Bridge of 2 or 3 archis, 4 miles. It stondith on Liner
Ryver. This ryver, as far as I could lerne, riseth by north-est up
towardes the quarters of Launstoun.
The soile betwixt Minheneth and Natter bridge very good and enclosid,
and metely wel woddyd. From Natter bridge to S. Germanes about a 2
miles.
The town of _S. Germanes_ on the side of Liner as I came to this
bridge. S. Germanes is but a poore fischar town. The glory of it
stoode by the priory. S. Germanes stondith about a 3 miles in Liner
creke from the mayne strond of Tamar haven.
From Liner bridge to _Asche_ aboute a 4 miles by much like grounde.
Asche is a praty market toun, and is set from the toppe of a rokky
hille, as by west to the roote of the same, and very shore of Tamar
haven by este. The tounes men use boothe marchandise and fischar. Thir
is a chapel of ease in Asche. The paroch chirch is caullid _S.
Stephan’s_, about half a mile off by south, the personage wherof is
impropriate to Windesore College.
By S. Stephanes, and in S. Stephanes paroch is the graunt and auncient
castelle of _Tremertoun_, apon a rokky hille, wherof great peaces yet
stond, and especially the dungeon. The ruines now serve for a prison.
Great libertees long to this castelle. The Valetortes, men of great
possession, wer owners, and, as far as I can gather, builders of this
castel, and owners and lordes of the toun of Aische.
These crekes I notid on the west side of Tamar. Fyrst, I markid in
sight above Asche toun, a 2 miles or more, the principal arme of Tamar
haven going up into the land about a 10 miles from that place to
Caulstoke bridge, witherto it almost ebbith and flowith. And shippes
cum up within a mile of this bridg to a place caullid Morleham. And
this place is but a 3 miles from Tavestoke. Tavestoke is countid to be
but 10 miles from Asche to go the next way. Betwixt the 2 miles from
Asche to the mayne arme of Tamar in sight I markid, descending in the
haven, 3 crekes breking out into the land, wherof the first lyith by
north-west creking up into the land. The second lyith west-north-west.
The 3 plaine west, and this crekid to the land scant half a mile.
Scant a mile lower lyith Liner creke, goyng up onto S. Germanes.
The toune of Asch stondith bytween these 2 crekes. Then brekith a
litle creke out caullid John’s or Antony. And at the mouth, about S.
Nicholas, brekith in a creek goyng up to _Milbrok_, 2 miles up in land
from the mayn haven. This Milbrok is a riche fischar toun.
Penle, a fore land, lyith 3 miles lower from this creke into the ――――.
And the promontorie of Ramehed a mile lower.
_Morwel_, the Abbat of Tavestok house, about a mile from Morleham.
Tamar a litle from Morwelle.
From Tavestok to Greston bridge a 6 miles, and then a 3 miles to
Launston.
Tamar a 2 miles and more from Tavestok.
Calstok bridge, or New Bridge, two miles from Milbrok, the first
creeke. S. John the next. Liner the 3. The 4 a litle above Aische. The
5 without fail is the maine streame of Tamar.
From Reddon the land lying south-west on S. Nicholas Isle to Cair
Grene, wher Tamar turnith west a 6 miles. Tamar, going a mile west,
for the most part after goith north.
Creekes from the mouth of Plym and Tamar upon the est side of the
haven.――The Mylle bay. The Stone-house creke. Kaine place creke, wher
is a maner place of Mr. Wise’s. The creeke ―――― having a mille at the
hed, it is in lenght a 2 miles. A 4 mile upper, a creke going up to
Mr. Budokes side, wher is his manor place, and _S. Budok_ chirch. Ther
dwellith by this creke also Copston of Warley, a man of xx C. markes
of lande as it is saide. Then is the uppermost, wher Tave water
cummith onto Tamar. And on the est side of this creeke is Bukland. And
on the west side is Bere, wher the Lord Brokes house and park was.
Bere is a mile from the creke mouthe. Bukland is a two miles from the
creke mouthe. The towne of Plymmouth is about a 3 miles from the
passage of Asche. The _trajectus_ self at Asch half a mile.
The ground betwixt the Passage and Plymmouth hath good corn but litle
wood. Perse Eggecombe had a manor by Ramehed. Perse Eggecombe hath a
goodly house in Cornwalle on Tamar at the mouth of Plimmouth haven.