(_Hearne’s Edition, vol. II. fol. 69._)
From Depeford to _Lanstoun_ a xij miles by hilly and much morisch
groude baren of wodde. Or ever I cam to Lanstoun by a mile I
passid over a bridge of stone, having 3 arches and a [one] smaul,
caullid New Bridge; thorough the which the ryver of Tamar
rennith, that almost from the hed of it to the mouth devidith
Devonshir from Cornewaule. This New Bridge was of the making of
the Abbates of Tavestok, and mainteinyd by them; for Tavestoke
Abbay had fair possessions thereaboute.
The Ryver of Tamar risith a 3 miles by north-est from Hertelande
and thens cummith to Tamerton, a village on the est ripe yn
Devonshire; and ther is a bridg over Tamar of stone: and from
this bridg to Padestow xx miles. Yalme Bridge of stone 2 miles
lower. New Bridge 2 miles lower. Pulstun Bridge 2 miles lower.
Greistoun Bridge a 2 miles or more lower. Tavestoke about a 4
miles from Greston Bridg; and Grestoun Bridg, being about a 3
miles from Launston, is the way from Launston to Tavestok. Hawte
Bridg. Another bridg caullid New Bridg. Caulstoke Bridg next the
se, begon by Sir Perse Eggecumbe. Lideford Bridge is not on
Tamar.
After that I had enterid a litle into the suburbe of Launstoun, I
passed over a brooke caullid Aterey, that rennith yn the botom of
the stepe hil that Launstoun stondith on. This water, as I there
lernid, riseth a x miles of by west-north-west towards Bodmyne; and,
passing by Launstoun, goith in Tamar by est, as I did gather, a litle
above Pulston Bridg. After that I had passid over Aterey, I went up by
the hille thorough the long suburbe, ontylle I cam to the toun waul
and gate, and so passid thorough the toun, conscending the hill
ontylle I cam to the very top of it, wher the marketplace and the
paroche chirch of S. Stephane, lately reedified, be. The large and
auncient Castelle of Launstun stondith on the knappe of the hill, by
south a litle from the paroche chirch. Much of this castel yet
stondith; and the _moles_ that the kepe stondith on is large and of a
terrible highth, and the _arx_ of it, having 3 severale wardes, is the
strongest but not the biggest that ever I saw in any auncient worke in
Englande. Thir is a litle pirle of water that servith the high parte
of Lanstoun.
The Priorie of Launstoun stondith in the south-west parte of the
suburbe of the toun, under the rote of the hille, by a fair wood side;
and thorowgh this wood rennith a pirle of water, cumming out of an hil
therby, and servith al the offices of the place. In the chirch I
markid 2 notable tumbes, one of Prior Horton, and another of Prior
Stephane. One also told me there, that one Mabilia, a Countes, was
buried ther in the Chapitre House. One William Warwist, Bishop of
Excestre, erected this Priorie, and was after buried at Plymtoun
Priory that he also erected. Warwist, for erection of Launston Priory,
suppressid a collegiate Chirch of S. Stephan having Prebendaries, and
gave the best part of the landes of it to Launstoun Priory, and toke
the residew hymself. There yet standith a Chirch of S. Stephan, about
half a mile from Launstoun on a hille, wher the Collegiate Chirch was.
Gawen Carow hath the custody of the Priory. There is a Chapelle by a
west-north-west a litle without Launstowne, dedicate to S. Catarine;
it is now prophanid.
From Launston to Botreaux Castelle, vulgo _Boscastel_, first a 2 miles
by enclosid ground having sum woodde and good corne. Thens an 8 miles
by morisch and hilly ground and great scarsite of wood, insomuch that
al the countery therabout brennith firres and hethe. And thens a 2
miles to Boscastel by enclosid ground metely fruteful of corne, but
exceding baren of wood, to the which the bleke northern se is not
there of nature favorable. The toun of Boscastelle lyith apon the brow
of a rokky hille by south-est, and so goith doun by lenght to the
northe toward the se, but not even ful hard to it. It is a very filthy
toun and il kept. There is a chirch in it, as I remembre of S.
Simpherian. The Lorde Botreaux was lord of this town, a man of an old
Cornish linage, and had a manor place, a thing, as far as I could ――――
of smaul reputation, as it is now, far onworthe the name of a castel.
The people ther caulle it the Courte. Ther cummith down a little broke
from south-est out of the hilles therby, and so renning by the west
side of the towne, goeth into Severn se betwixt 2 hylles, and ther
maketh a pore havenet, but of no certaine salvegarde. One of the
Hungrefordes maried with one of the heires generale of Botreaux, and
so Boscastel cam to Hungreford. Then cam Boscastelle, by an heir
generale of the Hungrefords, unto the Lord Hastinges. Hastinges Erle
of Huntendune and the late lord Hungreford had a lordship of the
Botreaux in partition, caullid _Parke_; and ther is a manor place or
castelet. It is a vi miles from Botreaux by south.
Ther is no very notable toun or building from Botreaux by
est-north-est, along apon the shore upper on Severn to Hertland point,
but _Strettoun_, and that is a xij miles from Botreaux, and ther is a
praty market. It stondith about a mile from the se. There is a place
near to Stretton caullid _Ebbingford_, but now communely _Efford_,
wher John Arundale of Trerise was borne, and hath a fair manor place,
in the which Syr John Chaumon now dwellith, that maried the mother yet
lyving of John Arundale of Trerise.
Olde Treviliane, a man of pratie land, but cumming of a younger
brother of the chife house of that name, dwellith toward Stretton, at
a place caullid ――――. Hertland Point is a x miles upper on Severn from
Strettoun.
From Botreaux to _Tredewy_ village, on the shore about a mile, and
ther cummith downe a broke rising in the gret rokky hilles therby.
From Tredewi to _Bossinny_, on the shore about a mile. This Bossinny
hath beene a bygge thing for a fischar town, and hath great privileges
grauntid onto it. A man may se there the ruines of a gret numbre of
houses. Here also cummith down a broke, and this broke and Tredewy
water resort to the se at one mouth betwyxt ij hilles, wherof that
that is on the est side, lyith out lyke an arme or cape, and maketh
the fascion of an havenet or pere, whither shippelettes sumtime
resorte for socour. A frere of late dayes toke apon hym to make an
haven at this place, but he litle prevailid theryn. There ly 2 blake
rokkes as islettes at the west-north-west point or side of this
creeke; the one, saving a gut of water, joyning to the other. And yn
these brede gulles, be al lykelihod.
From Bossinny to _Tintagel Castel_ on the shore a mile. This castelle
hath bene a marvelus strong and notable forteres, and almost _situ
loci inexpugnabile_, especially for the dungeon, that is on a great
and high terrible cragge, environid with the se; but having a
drawbridge from the residew of the castelle onto it. There is yet a
chapel standing withyn this dungeon of S. Ulette, alias Uliane. Shepe
now fede within the dungeon. The residew of the buildings of the
castel be sore wether-beten and yn ruine; but it hath beene a large
thinge. This castelle stondith in the paroche of Trevenny; and the
paroch therof is of S. Simphorian, ther caullid Simiferian.
Passing a mile from the chirch of _S. Symphorian_ by hilly and hethy
ground, I cam over a brooke that ran from south-est-north to Severn
se, and about half a mile beyound the mouth of this brook lay a great
blak rok like an islet yn the se not far from the shore.
_Porthissek_, a fisschar village, lyith about a 3 miles from the mouth
of th’afore sayd brook, lower by west on Severn shore. There resortith
a broke to Porthissek, and there is a pere and sum socour for fisschar
botes.
_Porthguin_, a fisschar village, lyith a 2 miles lower on the shore,
and there is the issue of a broke and a pere. And a 3 miles lower is
the mouth of Padestow Haven. From Dindagelle to S. Esse village a 4
miles; meately good ground about S. Esses selfe. From S. Esse to
Trelille village 2 miles. From Trelille to ―――― wher Master Carniovies,
alias Carnsey, hath a praty house, fair ground, and praty wood about
it.
Thens 3 miles by good corne grounde, but no wood, to _Wadebridge_.
Wher as now Wadebridge is, ther was a fery a 80 yeres syns, and menne
sumtyme passing over by horse, stoode often in great jeopardie.
Then one Lovebone, vicar of Wadebridge, movid with pitie, began the
bridge, and with great paine and studie, good people putting their
help thereto, finishid it with xvij fair and great uniforme arches of
stone. One told me that the fundation of certein of tharches was first
sette on so quick sandy ground that Lovebone almost despairid to
performe the bridg ontyl such tyme as he layed pakkes of wolle for
fundation.
The ryver of Alawne rennith thorough Wadebridge, evidentley seen at
lower.
The first memorable bridge on Alane is caullid Helham Bridge ―――― miles
lower then Camilforde, but Alane is almost a mile from Camilford Toun.
Dunmere Bridge of 3 arches a 2 miles lower. Here doth Alaune ryver ren
within a mile of Bodmyn.
Wadebridge a 3 miles lower by land and 4 by water. This is the lowest
bridg on Alane.
Ther cummith a broke from S. Esse 5 myles from Wadebridge, and a litle
above Wadebridge goith into Alane by the est side of the haven. This
broke risith a 2 miles above S. Esse by est-north-est. There cummith a
brooke from Mr. Carnsey’s house, and goith into Alane, by the est side
of the haven a 3 miles lower than Wadebridge: and here is a creeke at
the mouth of this brooke that ebbith and flowith up into the land.
In the way passing from Dunmere Bridge toward Bodmyn, there rennith a
praty broket thoroug a bridge of one stone arche, a very litle way
beyond Dunmer Bridge: and a litle lower goith into Alane bynethe
Dunmer Bridge by the west ripe of Alane. This litle broke servith the
milles, and rennith by the est ende of the town of Bodmyn.
There cummith a brooke into Alaune about a 2 miles byneth Dunmere
bridg on the west ripe. This brooke riseth by south-est: and at S.
Lawrence, scant a mile owt of Bodmyn, I passid over a bridge on this
water in the way to Michale.
From Wadebridge to _Padestow_, a good quick fischar toun but onclenly
kepte, a 4 miles. This toun is auncient, bering the name of Lodenek in
Cornische, and yn Englisch, after the trew and old writinges,
Adelstow, Latine _Athelstani locus_. And the toune there takith King
Adelstane for the chief gever of privileges vnto it. The paroch Chirch
of Padestow is of S ――――. There use many Britons with smaul shippes to
resorte to Padestow with commoditees of their countery and to by
fische. The toun of Padestow is ful of Irisch men. Padestow is set on
the weste side of the haven. Padestow toun is a ―――― miles from the
very haven mouth. From the mouth of Padestow Haven to S. Carantokes a
―――― miles.
From Wadebridge to Dunmere a 3 miles, and thens a mile to _Bodmyn_.
Bodmyn hath a market on every Saturday, lyke a fair for the confluence
of people. The showe and the principale of the toun of Bodmyn is from
west to est along in one streate. There is a chapel of S ―――― at the
west ende of the toune. The paroch chirch standith at the est end of
the town and is a fair large thyng. There is a cantuarie chapel at
th’est ende of it. The late Priory of Blake Chanons stoode at the est
ende of the paroch chirchyard of Bodmyne. S. Petrocus was Patrone of
this, and sumtyme dwellyd ther. There hath bene monkes, then nunnys,
then seculare prestes, then monkes agayn, and last canons regular, in
S. Petrokes chirch. Willyam Warlewist, Bishop of Excestre, erectid the
last fundation of this Priory; and had to hymself part of th’auncient
landes of Bodmyn monasterie. I saw no tumbes in the Priory very
notable, but Thomas Vivianes, late Prior ther, and Suffragane by the
title of the Bishoprike of Megarensis.[44] The Shrine and Tumbe of S.
Petrok yet stondith in th’est part of the chirche. There was a good
place of Gray Freres in the south side of Bodmyn town. One John of
London, a merchaunt, was the beginner of this house. Edmund Erle of
Cornewaul augmentid it. There lay buried in the Gray Freres Sir Hugh
and Sir Thomas Peverelle, knightes, and benefactors to the house.
There is another Chapel in Bodmyn beside that in the west ende of the
toune, and an Almose House, but not endowid with landes.
From Bodmyn to _S. Laurence_, wher a poor Hospital or Lazar House is,
about a mile. One of the Peverelles gave a litle annuitie onto this
house. Here I passid over a stone bridge, and under it rennith a praty
broke that cummith out of the hylles from south-este, and goith into
Alane a 2 miles above Padestow by the weste ripe, and by the meanes of
the se and creke it ebbith and flowith up into the creke of this
river. From S. Laurence I passed by morisch ground al baren of woodde
a vj m[iles], leving about this vj miles ende _S. Columbes_, about a 2
miles off on the right hond.
And ther about I left _Castelle an dinas_ on the same hand, a good
mile of. But I saw no building on it, but an hille bering that name.
Thens to _Michel_, a litle thorough fare, a 2. or 3. miles, by morisch
ground, all baren of wood.
Thens a 5 miles to a litle village and paroch church, callid _Alein_.
And hereabout there is very good corne.
And so a myle to _Gwernak_, Master Arundale’s house. This Arundale
gyveth no part of the armes of great Arundale of Lanheran, by S.
Columbes; but he told me that he thought that he cam of the Arundales
in Base Normandy, that were lordes of Culy Castelle, that now is
descended to one Mounseir de la Fontaine, a Frenchman, by heir
generale. This Arundale ys caullid Arundale of Trerise, by a
difference from Arundale of Lanheron. Trerise is a lordship of his, a
3 or 4 miles from Alein chirch. Arundale of Trerise had to his first
wife one of the 2 doughters and heires of Boville, alias Beville, and
Graneville had the other; and they had betwixt them litle lak of 400
markes of landes by the yere in partition.[45] The house that John
Arundale of Trerise dwellith yn was Bovilles, and this Boville gave
the Ox in Gules in his armes. There is yet one of the names of the
Beviles, a man of a c. li land purchased by the grandfather of ――――
Beville now living. This Beville hath ―――― [ed] ―――― [brother of Sir
John] Arundale of Trerise ――――.
_Armes in Castel Cairden._
Sir William Godolchan and Strowdes daughter his wif, of Pernham in
Dorsetshire.
Sir William Godolchan and Margaret Glynne his first wife. Margaret was
one of the 3. heires of Glyn of Morevale, by Low [Looe] water toward
S. Germans. Vivian of Trelowarren[46] maried the second daughter and
coheire of Glynne. Richard Kendale of Worgy had the 3.
William Godolchan the sunne, and Blanch Langdon his wife. Langdon
dwellith at Keverel by S. Germanes.
S. Albine his stok cam out of Britaine. There is another house of the
S. Albines in Somersetshire.
Grainville.
Milatun dwellith at Pergroinswik.
* * * * *
Campernulphus, alias Chambernon, d’n’s de Trewardreth, et fundator
prioratus monachorum, qui post D’ni erant ejusdem manerii.
Campernulphus nunc dominus de Modbyri in comitatu Devoniæ. He was lord
of Bere toward Excestre.
Men of { Carow of Mohuns Otery.
fair { Carow of Hacham by Torbay.
landes. { Carow of Antony in Cornewaulle by Aisch.
{ Vivian.
al 3. in Menek { Reskimer.
of faire living. { Erisi, at Erisi in Menek.
Cowlin at Treneglis.
Cavel, maried Sir William Godolcan sister.
Petite was a man of very fair landes in Cornewaulle; and among other
things he was lord of the isle of Pryven that now descendith to
Kiligrew.
Bewpray, id est, de Bello prato.
Archedecon.
Tresinny, at Penrine, a man of 40 mark landes; most part of it lyith
about Padestow.
_Ex vita Sanctæ Breacæ._
Barricius socius Patritii, ut legitur in vita S. Wymeri. S. Breaca
nata in partibus Lagoniæ et Ultoniæ.
Campus Breacæ in Hibernia in quo Brigida oratorium construxit, et
postea Monaster. in quo fuit et S. Breaca.
Breaca venit in Cornubiam comitata multis Sanctis, inter quos fuerunt
Sinninus Abbas, qui Romæ cum Patritio fuit, Maruanus monachus,
Germmochus rex, Elwen, Crewenna, Helena.
Breaca appulit sub Revyer cum suis, quorum partem occidit Tewder.
Breaca venit ad Pencair.
Breaca venit ad Trenewith.
Breaca ædificavit eccl. in Trenewith et Talmeneth, ut legitur in vita
S. Elwini.
_Pencair_, an hille in Pembro paroche, vulgo S. Banka.
_Trenewith_, a little from the paroch [church] of Pembro, wher the
paroch church [was] or ever it was set at Pembro.
_Talmeneth_, a mansion place in [Pembro].
_Cairdine_, an old mansion of the Cowlines, wher now William Godolcan
dwellith.
_Carne Godolcan_, on the top of an hille, wher is a diche, and there
was a pile and principal habitation of the Godolcans. The diche yet
apperith, and many stones of late time hath beene fetchid thens; it is
a 3. miles from S. Michael’s Mont by est-north-est.
_Cair Kinan_, alias Gonyn and Conin, stoode in the hille of Pencair.
There yet apperith 2 diches. Sum say that Conin had a sun caullid
Tristrame.
_S. Germocus_, a chirch 3 miles from S. Michael’s Mont, by
est-south-est, and a mile from the se; his tumb is yet seene ther. S
Germoke’s chair in the chirch yard. S. Germoke’s welle a litle without
the chirch yard.
_Garsike_, alias _Pengarsike_, nere the shore a 3. miles by est from
S. Michaeles Mont.
Milatun hath part of Mewis landes in Devonshire, by one of the heires
generall of Mewis, of Mewis Urth, a daughter and heire of the
Godalcans, married to Henry Force. Yonge Milatun hath sir Godalcan’s
daughter to his wife. One of the Worthes wives gave a late this land
with a daughter of hers to one of the Milatuns of Devonshire.
_Markesju_,[47] a great long toun, burnid _3 aut 4 anno Henr. 8 a
Gallis_. The paroch chirch a mile of. A pere by the Mount. Markjue and
the Mount be both S. Hillaries paroche. There was found of late yeres
syns spere heddes, axis for warre, and swerdes of coper, wrappid up in
lynin scant perishid, nere the Mount in S. Hilaries paroch in tynne
works.
Comes Moritoniæ et Cornubiæ made a celle of monkes in _S. Michel
Mont_. This celle was ons gyven to a college in Cambridge. Syns given
to Syon. A fair spring in the Mont.
_Ludewin_, alias _Ludevaulles_, wher, as sum suppose, was a castel, a
mile by west from Markesju; it longid to the Lord Brooke.
_Pensandes_, 2 miles of by west; there is a litle peere.
_Newlin_, a mile lower on the shore; there is a peere. Newlin is an
hamlet to Mousehole. _Mousehole_ a mile lower. There is a peer.
Mousehole in Cornish Port-enis (Portus insulæ). A bay from Newlin to
Mousehole, caullid Gnaverslak. A litle beyond Mousehole, an islet and
a chapel of S. Clementes in it. There hath bene much land devourid of
the sea betwixt Pensandes and Mousehole. An old legend of St. Michael
speaketh of a tounelet in this part now defaced, and lying under the
water.
King Ethelstane, founder of _S. Burien’s_ College, and giver of the
privileges and sanctuarie to it. S. Buriana, an holy woman of Ireland,
sumtyme dwellid in this place, and there made an oratory. King
Ethelstane goyng hens, as it is said, onto Sylley, and returning, made
_ex voto_ a College wher the Oratorie was.
_Tredine Castel_ ruines at the south-west point of Penwith; _manifesta
adhuc extant vestigia_. I hard say that one Myendu was lord of it.
Myendu signifieth blak mouth or chimne.
_Ryvier Castel_, almost at the est part of the mouth of Hayle River on
the north se, now as sum think drounid with sand. This was Theodore’s
castle.
_Combe Castelle_, ubi tm (?) loci vestigia, and Pencombe a little
foreland, about a mile upper than Kenor on Severn. Basset hath a right
goodly lordship caullid _Treheddy_ by this Cumb. There cummith a good
brooke down by Combe.
_Cayl Castelle_ a mile by est from River in S. Filake’s Paroche.
_Nikenor_,[48] a 2 miles from Ryvier, sumtyme a great toun now gone. 2
paroche chirchis yet seene a good deale several one from the other,
sumtyme in the towne, but it is now communely taken to be in S.
Guivian’s paroch; and there cummith a broket to the sea.
_Carnbray_, on a hil, a castelet or pile of Basset’s, a mile west of
Revier town. There was sumtyme a park, now defacid.