--, birth of his son Edward, viii. 141;

on death of Queen Jane seeks another wife, 142;

several ladies proposed, 142;

demands delivery up of Cardinal Pole by Francis I., 150;

writes to Hutton, 151;

begins persecution of Anabaptists, 160;

issues ordinances against the reformed faith, 163;

arranges for trial of Lambert, 166;

presides at the trial, 167 _sqq._;

extolled by the Catholic party, and by Cromwell, 173;

seeks the hand of the duchess of Milan, 174;

the treaty broken off, 175;

sanctions printing of the Bible, 176;

attempts a compromise between the conflicting parties, 179;

failure of the scheme, 180;

his measures of defence against alliance of the pope, the emperor,

and the King of France, 181;

his 'Six Articles,' 181;

his proclamations declared to be laws, 183;

his attentions to Cranmer, 184;

appeal of Melanchthon, 189;

exhibits a sea-fight on the Thames, 191;

his autocratic temper, 192;

marriage purposes, 192;

Anne of Cleves, 193;

the marriage arranged, 193;

incognito sees her at Rochester, 195;

returns to Greenwich, 196;

his perplexity, 196;

conversations with Cromwell, 196, 197;

receives Anne at Greenwich, 197;

determines to get rid of her, 197;

his antipathy, 198;

communications to the emperor, 199, 200;

receives delegates of Elector of Saxony and Landgrave of Hesse,

201;

promises to them to soften harshness of the Six Articles, 201;

imprisons Barnes, Garret, and Jerome, 204;

ill-will towards Cromwell, 205;

heaps honors and wealth upon him, 207;

reasons why, 207;

his want of money, 208;

gives assent to bill of attainder against Cromwell, 218;

permits him to write to him, 219;

a fête in honor of the queen, 220;

his scheme for getting rid of her, 221;

sends three Protestants and three Papists to the stake together,

226 _sqq._;

scheme for the divorce of his wife, 229 _sqq._;

the divorce pronounced by Convocation, 232;

marries Catherine Howard, 235;

becomes a Catholic, 235;

adopts a Catholic policy, 236;

royal infallibility by Act of Parliament, 236;

consents to Cranmer's committal, 243;

his interview with Cranmer, 244;

gives him his ring, 244;

submission of the council, 246;

Bibles published under his sanction, 247;

goes to York to meet the King of Scotland, 247;

the interview prevented by Beatoun, 248;

receives disclosures respecting the queen, 249;

investigations by the lords, 249;

sends Cranmer to her, 250;

sends her to Sion House, 252;

orders prosecutions, 253;

the queen executed, 254;

letters to Cranmer, 260;

marries Catherine Parr, 262;

receives list of charges against Cranmer, 263;

has interview with him, 264;

nominates a commission, 264;

his pretexts for war with France, 267;

private occasions of offence, 267;

alliance with Charles V., its conditions, 268;

invades France, 268;

takes Boulogne, 269;

prorogues Parliament, 272;

his last speech, 272, 273;

proscribes English New Testament and many religious books, 279;

overlooks the Queen's evangelical zeal, 285, 286;

his ill-health, 286;

offended with the queen, 287;

signs bill of indictment against her, 290;

informs his physician, 291;

visits the queen, 293;

visited by her, 293 _sqq._;

prevents her arrest, 296;

erects new Court of Augmentations, 297;

chooses Cranmer as guardian of his son and the realm, 298;

his fears of conflict after his death, 299;

receives a warning of ambition of Surrey, 300;

orders investigation, 300;

sends Norfolk and Surrey to the Tower, 301;

illness, 304, 306;

interview with Cranmer, 307;

his death, 307;

his epoch, 308;

his will, 308;

his character, 309, 310

_Henry d'Albret_, King of Navarre, his character, i. 345;

escapes from prison, 345;

courts Margaret of Angoulême, 346, 356;

their marriage, 378;

visits Béarn, 413;

at St. Germain, ii. 30;

at Roussel's preaching in the Louvre, 114;

complains to the king of agitation in Paris, 124;

warns the king at Meaux, 126;

strikes Margaret, iii. 28

_Henry_, duke of Orleans, his marriage with Catherine de'

Medici proposed by Francis I., ii. 149;

solemnized at Marseilles, 195;

his character and position, iv. 355

_Henry of Nassau_, governor of Flanders, his reply to the

Dominicans of Dort, vii. 486

_Henry_, a monk of Tournay, martyrdom of, vii. 522

_Hepburn_, John, competitor for see of St, Andrews, vi. 10;

storms the castle, 10

_Hepburn_, Patrick, prior of St. Andrews, one of the judges of

Patrick Hamilton, vi. 61;

denounces Alesius, 75;

assails and imprisons Alesius, 76, 77;

ordered to release him, casts him into a fouler dungeon, 77;

compelled by the king to liberate him, 78;

again imprisons him, 78;

appoints John Hay keeper of the prison, 79;

pursues Alesius, 82;

misses him at Dundee, 83;

demands tithe of fish of David Straiton, 94;

proceeds against him for heresy, 94

_Heretics_, L'Etoile's view on treatment of, ii. 4;

in England, withdrawn from episcopal jurisdiction, viii. 191

_Herman_, fanatic, at Groningen, vii. 542;

his pretensions, 543;

imprisoned, 544

_Herman_ of Liége, goes to Geneva, vi. 299 [_Spirituals_]

_Hermanstadt_, Transylvania, evangelists at, vii. 350;

expelled, 350;

persecution at, Lutheran books burnt, 353;

disturbances by the monks, 369;

the monks banished, 370

_Hertford_, Edward Seymour, Earl of, commands English army in

Scotland, vi. 184;

pillages and burns Leith and Edinburgh, 184; viii. 141

_Hewet_, Andrew, burnt with Fryth, iv. 162

_Hildebrand_ and Calvin, vi. 255

_Hilderley_, made bishop of Rochester, v. 130

_Hilles_, Richard, account of, viii. 258;

suspected by Gardiner, goes to Strasburg, 259

_History_, various kinds of, iii. 198; vi. 1, 2

_Hoen_, Cornelius, vii. 501;

arrested and imprisoned, 501;

sent to the Hague, 502

_Hoffman_, Melchior, vii. 541; viii. 332

_Hohenlohe_, Count of, [_Sigismund_]

_Hollard_, Christopher, iii. 204;

protests against the friar's sermon at Orbe, 207;

assaulted by the women, and imprisoned, 207;

liberated, 209;

iconoclast, 228;

procures arrest of priests, 230

_Holstein_, duchy of, the Reformation established in, vii. 225

_Holyrood Palace_, pillaged and burnt by the English, vi. 184

_Honter_, John, his labors in Transylvania, vii. 395

_Hosius_, Cardinal, sends Jesuits to Sweden, vii. 333;

his instructions, 334;

writes to the king and queen, 335

_Howard Family_, The, divisions in, viii. 302

_Howard_, Catherine, passion of Henry VIII. for her, viii. 221;

account of her, 234;

married to Henry, 235;

accompanies him to Scotland, 248;

disclosures about her made by Lascelles, 248 _sqq._;

examined, denies the charges, 250;

makes confession to Cranmer, 250;

her delirium, another interview with Cranmer, 250, 252;

sent to Sion House, 252;

many prosecutions ordered by the king, 253;

condemned and executed, 254;

effects of the disclosures, 255

_Howard_, Harry, at a tournament, viii. 221

--, Lord William, his embassies to Scotland, vi. 101;

sent to the Tower, viii. 253

_Hubberdin_, preaches against the reformers, iv. 97;

his mountebank tricks, 98

_Hugonin_, of Arnex, iii. 213;

pleads for friar Juliani, 214;

converted, 226;

imprisoned, 231

'_Huguenots_,' origin of the term, i. 88;

its first meaning political, 89;

meetings of, at Geneva, 135;

a war-cry, 142;

rapid growth of the party, 148, 181;

excluded from the councils, 200;

recover their liberties, 207;

unsuccessfully attempt conciliation, 208;

the founders of modern liberty, 254;

support appeal to the pope against duke of Savoy, 268;

persecution of, by the duke, 268 _sqq._;

exodus, 270;

the fugitives attacked by troops of the duke, protected by

Friburgers, 272;

arrival at Friburg, 273;

their wives and children join them, 283;

justification of the fugitives, 293 _sqq._;

election of Huguenot Syndics, 301 _sqq._;

resent tyranny of the prince-bishop, ii. 318;

invite Bonivard to put himself at their head, 353;

resolve to eat meat in Lent, 355;

claim right of free inquiry, 388;

their bold front against Savoy and other powers, 392;

complaint of the fiscal against them, 397;

sentenced, 397;

their negative Protestantism, 399;

intercourse with Swiss Evangelicals, 399;

imprisoned by allies of the bishop, 416;

assailed by Friburgers, 444;

discuss encroachments of the clergy, 462;

[_Lutherans_] massacre of, iii. 3;

leaders visited by Farel, 277, 278;

visit him, 280;

attend disputation between Froment and Pellier, 331, 332;

advocate religious reformation, 348;

demand the Scriptures, 349;

arms of the flesh, 409;

fight in the Molard, 411 _sqq._;

proscription, 438;

prepare resistance to bishop's removal of prisoners, iv. 187;

armed attendance on Farel's preaching, 211;

assassinations, 232, 233;

consultation, 235;

search the bishop's palace, 236;

Huguenot syndicate, 242;

demand a church, 250;

occupy grand auditory at Rive, 252;

discoveries among the relics, v. 287 _sqq._;

their heroism contributes to triumph of the Reformation, vi. 226;

division among them, 279, 335;

resist faith by compulsion, and influence of foreigners, 336, 337;

refuse to swear to the Confession, 338;

decree of banishment against them, 339;

the decree a dead letter, 339;

their opposition to the rule of Calvin, 358

_Hugues_, Besançon, i. 36, 37;

opposes surrender of culverins to Duke of Savoy, 48, 50, 67, 87;

leader of the Huguenots, 89;

syndic, 111, 134, 137, 138;

envoy to Friburg, 140;

his speech to Genevese assembly, 147;

proposes Swiss alliance, 148;

envoy to Friburg, 156, 160, 161, 164, 180, 182, 200, 205;

his interview with La Baume, 212;

becomes his adviser, 212;

his promise to the duke, 256;

his qualifications for leadership, 262;

elected syndic, refuses the office, 263;

resists claims of the duke, 267;

treacherous visit of Vuillet to, 271;

missing at Friburg, 273;

escapes by night, 274;

at Friburg, 274;

his speech before the senate, 275;

detects the duke's stratagem in the safe-conduct, 281, 300, 302;

speech on return of the exiles, 305;

proposes Swiss alliance at general council, 306, 307;

his conservatism, 309, 310;

elected captain-general, ii. 306;

influenced by Ab Hofen, 316;

the bishop's gift to him, 320;

bishop's envoy to Berne, 321;

frustrates the duke's plot against Geneva, 324;

sets a watch, 327, 333;

assists flight of the bishop, 340;

escapes seizure by Savoyards, 341;

replies to menaces of the bishop, 364;

mission to Berne and Friburg, 368, 402;

hostile to Bonivard, 404;

his resignation, 450;

his death, 451;

a martyr of liberty, 451;

the bishop's letter to, iii. 268 _sqq._;

date of death, 273

_Hugues_, Denis, i. 292

_Hugues_, Guillaume, syndic of Geneva, ii. 468; iii. 282, 286, 291

_Hungary_, invaded by Turks, ii. 107;

King John supports duke Christopher of Würtemberg, 218;

evils of submission to Rome, vii. 342;

revolts, 342;

fitness of the people for the Reformation, 343;

kept back by persecution, 343;

early partial enlightenment, 343;

marriage of Louis II., 344;

beginning of the Reformation, 345;

Luther's writings introduced, 346;

and condemned, 346;

first evangelical preachers, 346;

eagerness of students to go to Wittenberg, 347;

persecution sanctioned by the king, 348;

intolerance of the priesthood, 348;

edict for burning of heretics, 355;

invasion of, by Sultan Solyman, 356;

unprepared, 357;

rout of Mohacz, 360, 361;

persecution breaks out, 364, 365;

emigration of Christians, 366;

conversion of magnates, 368;

persecution slackened, 369;

again invaded by Solyman, 370;

influence of Confession of Augsburg, 371;

Devay and other reformers, 372 _sqq._;

the first printing press in, 381;

Conference of Schässburg, 384, 385;

progress of Reformation, 388;

adoption of Zwinglian views, 389;

agreement between the two kings, 390;

death of Zapolya, his son proclaimed king, 391;

invasion by Turks in his support, 391;

disorder and distress, 392;

progress of Reformation, 393, 394;

persecution instigated, 399;

the Pope and Mohammed in, 406 _sqq._;

effects of Council of Trent in, 408;

conference of Erdoed, 409;

conference of Eperies, 410;

progress of the Gospel, 415

_Hungerford_, Walter, Lord, executed, viii. 224

_Hunter_, James, Protestant of Perth, vi. 180;

condemned to death by Cardinal Beatoun, 181;

hung, 181

_Huntley_, Earl of, defeats the English at Halidon, vi. 138;

in command of army at Edinburgh, 141;

a mutiny, 141;

takes part in conference against the regent, 169

_Hus_, John, ii. 102; vi. 5;

his followers in Bohemia divided, vii. 417, 421

_Hutton_, English envoy at Brussels, viii. 142, 151, 174

_Ibach_, preaches at Frankfort, viii. 318

_Ibrahim Pasha_, takes Peterwaradin, vii. 356

_Iceland_, vii. 225;

its bishops, 225;

resists imposition of new constitution of the church, 229;

gradual extinction of Roman services, 230.

[_Aresen_, Johan.]

_Icelandic New Testament_, vii. 228

_Image-breakers_, imprisoned, iv. 309;

at Geneva, v. 285-292 _sqq._;

at Lausanne, vi. 231, 266, 267

_Individuality and Community_, iv. 372, 373; vi. 277

_Innocent VIII._, Pope, i. 45

_Inquisition_, The, introduced in the Netherlands, vii. 491;

in Spain, Torquemada, viii. 2;

destroys Spanish Bible, 42;

at Paris, prohibits Regnault from printing Bibles and seizes those

printed, 178

_Irenaeus_, i. 9

_Isabella_, Queen of Spain, her severity towards her daughter

Joanna, viii. 128;

sends confessors to her, 128;

her distress, 129;

her plan of excluding her from the throne, 130;

her death, 131

_Isabella_, sister of Charles V., marries Christian II. of

Denmark, vii. 127;

adheres to evangelical faith, 139;

her death, 139

_Islamism_, action of, in Hungary, contrasted with that of

Roman church, vii. 407 _sqq._, 414, 415, 416

_Italian League_, concluded at Bologna, ii. 162

_Italian New Testament_, by Bruccioli, iv. 410

_Italy_, beginning of Reformation in, iv. 406;

spread of its doctrines by students and soldiers, 409;

enthusiasm for Luther, 409;

revival of, promoted by two groups of Christians, 476;

wave of reformation reaches the Vatican, 481;

two camps, 488;

Italian sympathy with England in war with France, viii. 269, 270

_James IV._ of Scotland, examines and acquits Campbell of

Cessnock and his wife, vi. 8;

killed at Flodden, 9

_James V._ of Scotland, his minority, vi. 9;

his defective education and devotion to pleasure, 22;

declared of age, 23;

submits to the priests, 23;

sent by them on pilgrimage to St. Duthac, 55;

complains to Henry VIII. of his treatment by Angus, 72;

escapes in disguise to Stirling Castle, 73;

banishes Angus and assumes to govern, 74;

his character, 74;

places the government in the hands of the priests, 74;

orders liberation of Alesius and the other canons, 77;

compels Hepburn to release Alesius, 78;

concludes alliance with Charles V., 86;

receives secret embassy from the emperor, 86;

accepts order of the Garter from Henry VIII., 101;

rejects proposal of marriage with Mary of England, 101;

gets severe laws passed against reading the Bible, 102;

demands reforms, 105;

gives up proposed interview with Henry VIII., 106;

sends secret mission to Rome, 106;

quarrels with the queen-mother, 106;

offers aid to Francis I., 107;

marries Madeleine of Valois, 107;

loses his wife, 108;

marries Mary of Lorraine, 109;

under Cardinal Beatoun's influence, 111;

prepares for war with England, 114;

present at the burning of five martyrs, 118;

corresponds with Henry VIII., 125;

demands reform, and threatens the bishops, 125;

again takes the side of the priests, 128;

invests Sir James Hamilton with functions of an inquisitor, 128;

imprisons and puts him to death, 129;

birth of his son, 129;

embarks on a voyage, 129;

rebukes the cardinal and prelates, 130;

birth of a second son, 130;

his remorse, 130, 131;

death of his sons, 132;

agrees to meet Henry VIII. at York, 134;

bribed by the prelates, abandons the interview, 136;

threatened with war by Henry, 137;

obtains subsidies of the prelates, 137;

after Halidon proposes negotiation, 139;

assembles his army at Edinburgh, 140;

abandoned by the army, 141;

holds a council at Holyrood, sanctions a proscription against the

reformation party, 142;

flight of his army at Solway, 145;

his distress, 147;

returns to Edinburgh, 147;

secretly leaves the city, 148;

birth of his daughter, Mary Stuart, 149;

last interview with the cardinal, 149;

his death, 150;

his character, 150

_Janin_, the armorer, iv. 202, 205;

accompanies Maisonneuve to Lyons, 266;

arrested, 267;

conversations with the prisoners, 287 _sqq._;

dejection, 290;

his liberation sought by Bernese, 322;

liberated by order of Francis I., 328;

restored to Geneva, 329

_Janssen_, Thure, grand master of the Court of Sweden, supports

Christian II., vii. 185;

put to death by Christian, 186

_Jean de Courte-Caisse_, prince-bishop of Geneva, i. 20

_Jean de La Rochetaillée_, prince-bishop of Geneva, i. 20

_Jeanne d'Albret_, birth of, i. 413;

edits _Novels_ of her mother, ii. 171

_Jerome_, evangelical preacher, v. 199;

preaches at Paul's Cross, viii. 203;

reprimanded by the king, 204;

committed to the Tower, 204;

burnt at Smithfield, 227, 228

_Joachim_, prince of Anhalt, viii. 322;

supports the Reformation, 325;

wavering, encouraged by Luther, 327

_Joanna_, Queen of Spain, account of, viii. 126 _sqq._;

kept in captivity, 127;

her marriage with Archduke Philip, 128;

her hostility to Rome, 128;

birth of her son (Charles V.), 129;

excluded from the throne, 130;

reported to be mad, 130;

goes with Philip to Spain, 131;

her rights sacrificed by agreement between her father and her

husband, 132, 133;

death of her husband, 134;

placed in confinement, 134;

her hand sought by several princes, 134;

removed to Tordesillas, 134, 135;

rumors, 135;

her treatment, 135, 136;

her religious belief, 136, 139;

her death, 139

_Joensson_, Thure, marshal of Sweden, vii. 281;

his pride and vanity, 285;

agrees with Brask, 285, 287, 288;

his demands, 291;

escapes into Norway, 297

_John_, the Bastard of Savoy, his birth and breeding, i. 33;

his bargain with Duke Charles for bishopric of Geneva, 33, 34;

sent to Rome, 34;

honorable reception of, by Leo X., 35;

nominated bishop, 35;

exasperation of the Genevese, 36, 37;

accepted by the majority, 37;

enters Geneva, 38;

proclaimed sovereign, 39;

tampers with Berthelier, 40;

feasts the young men, 41;

a mere servant of the duke, 53;

his tyranny and extortion, 53;

carries off Claude Vandel, 55;

refuses to release him, 55;

flies from Geneva, 57;

pardons a robber, 61;

reproved by the duke, 62;

escapes from Geneva, 65;

joins in the duke's plot against Levrier and Berthelier, 66;

visits the duke at Lyons, 79;

tortures Pécolat, 81 _sqq._;

demands Berthelier, 83;

refuses safe-conduct for Berthelier, 87;

declares he will not return to Geneva, 90;

seizes Pierre d'Orsières, 90;

returns, 92;

liberates d'Orsières, 92;

accused by the syndics before the duke, 93;

demands torture for Pécolat, foiled by Levrier, 98;

inhibition of the metropolitan served on him, 102;

threatened with excommunication, laughs at the archbishop, 103;

excommunication published in Geneva, 104;

plots with the duke, 111;

orders arrest of Bonivard, 117;

his treatment of the bodies of Blanchet and Navis, 123;

indignation of Genevese, 126;

his reply to their letter, 129;

Mameluke deputation to, 132;

demands death of Berthelier and others, 134;

his sealed letter to Genevese, 137;

rejected by the Council and the people, 138, 182;

at Troches, conspires with Mamelukes, 184;

raises troops, 186;

enters Geneva, 187;

his message to the council, 187;

arrests Berthelier, 189;

refuses a just trial, 192;

puts him to death, 196;

revolutionizes Geneva, 199;

retires to Pignerol, 265;

forbidden by Leo X. to return to Geneva, 206;

appoints a coadjutor, 212;

his death-bed, 212 _sqq._, 285

_John III._, King of Sweden, vii. 322, 323, 324;

his claims and arrest, 327;

conferences with Erick, 330;

succeeds his brother, 330;

cruel treatment of Erick, 331;

his queen, a Romanist, 332;

won over to the Catholic side, 332;

publishes an ordinance in favor of Romanism, 332;

Romanism in the ascendent, 333;

sends embassy to the pope, 335;

persecutes the Protestants, 336;

his instructions for the murder of Erick, 336, 337;

his report to Duke Charles, 337;

received into Romish communion, 338;

claims duchies of Bari and Rossano, 339;

loses his wife and marries again, 339;

persecutes the Catholics, 339;

his death, 340

_John Louis_, bishop of Geneva, i. 21;

his character, 23;

gives protection to his father, Louis, 23

_John_ of Falkenberg, marries Dorothea of Austria, vii. 464;

opposes Alasco in Friesland, 464;

attempts to get him banished, 464

_John of Leyden_ (John Bockhold), iv. 374;

his preaching in the Netherlands, vii. 542;

arrives at Munster, viii. 335;

account of him, 335, 336;

on death of Matthison becomes king, 342;

his debauchery, 342;

undertakes conquest of the world, 343;

his pomp, 344;

his wives, 344;

sends out his apostles, 345;

beheads a woman, 346;

excites revolt in the Netherlands, 348;

captured by troops of Philip of Hesse, 350;

feigns conversion, 350;

his cruel fate, 351

_John of Lucerne_, i. 116

_John of Molines_, at Waldensian synod, iii. 255;

refuses to sign the new confession, 259;

goes to Bohemia, 260

_John_, prince of Anhalt, signs Compromise of Augsburg, viii. 322;

supports the Reformation, 325

_John_, son of Christian II., the hope of the Catholic party, vii.

184;

his death, 193

_Jomory_, archbishop of Cologne, commands Hungarian army

against Solyman, vii. 360

_Joris_, David, account of, vii. 469;

his conference with Alasco, 470;

at Basel, 470; viii. 353

_Joubert_, William, martyrdom of, i. 347, 348

_Joye_, Amadeus de, i. 69;

carries off the image of St. Babolin, 201;

imprisoned, 202;

his trial, 202;

threatened with torture, 203;

permitted to escape, 203

_Joye_, George, account of, v. 31;

his New Testament, 32

_Jubilee_, The, ii. 460

_Julian de' Medici_, i. 34;

his marriage with Philiberta of Savoy, 49, 50

_Juliani_, Michael, friar, preaches against reform at Orbe,

iii. 205, 206;

arrested, 209;

his trial, 214;

liberated, 215

_Julius II._, Pope, i. 119; iv. 131

_Justification_, ii. 268, 269

_Kempis_, Thomas à, vii. 482

_Kennedy_, imprisoned, vi. 120;

tried before archbishop of Glasgow, 121;

burnt, 123

_Killon_, a monk, his tragedy acted at Stirling, vi. 115;

arrested, 116;

burnt, 118

'_King's Book_,' The, viii. 261

_Kingston_, lieutenant of the Tower, receives Queen Anne, v.

140, 141, 163;

at her execution, 164

_Kirkcaldy_, James, of Grange, reveals to the king the projects

of Beatoun, vi. 129;

withdraws from the court, 168

_Kirkcaldy_, William, takes part in conspiracy against Cardinal

Beatoun, vi. 210;

assists at seizure of castle of St. Andrews, 211;

obtains conditional promise of protection from Henry VIII., 215

_Kirwan_, preaches against Peto, iv. 105

_Kiss_, Stephen. [_Szegedin_, Stephen]

_Klaessen_, Wendelmutha, account of, vii. 520;

imprisoned, 520;

her trial and martyrdom, 522

_Klein_, Catherine, receives Calvin at Basel, iii. 157

_Knevet_, Sir Antony, refuses to continue torture of Anne

Askew, viii. 281

_Knevet_, Sir Henry, at Ratisbon, investigates rumor about

Bishop Gardiner, viii. 159

_Knipperdolling_, Bernard, receives Bockhold and Matthisson at

Munster, viii. 336;

burgomaster, 338;

has power of life and death, 342, 344;

his cruel fate, 351

_Knox_, John, i. 6;

his birth and boyhood, vi. 14;

a disciple of Mayor, 18, 19;

hears preaching of Guillaume, 156;

a follower of Wishart, 192;

keeps watch over him, 192;

parts with him, 195

_Kunz_, pastor at Berne, vi. 325, 367, 369, 370;

hostile to Calvin, 371;

the ape of Luther, 372;

one of the presidents of synod of Lausanne, 374;

undertakes to advise the Genevese to recall the reformers, 426;

account of him, 426;

visited by Calvin and Farel, 427;

his wrath, 428, 429;

places Calvin's articles in the hands of Vandel, 435

_La Baume_, Pierre de, coadjutor of bishop of Geneva, i. 212;

at death-bed of the bishop, 213;

his character, 214;

appointed Bishop of Geneva, 215;

his entry into the city, 215 _sqq._, 235;

his worldly policy and vacillation, 261;

receives deputation respecting Savoyard oppression, 262;

his promises, 262;

invited by Genevese to plead their cause at Rome, 264;

as agent of Charles V. goes to Milan, 265;

fugitives from Geneva repulsed by his officers at St. Claude, 273;

his anxiety, 284;

called to Geneva, 296;

his reception, 297;

won over by Vandel, 298;

braves and fears the duke, 299;

resists election of Huguenot syndics, 300, 301;

at general council, 308;

protests against Swiss alliance, 308;

flight from Geneva, 311;

vacillation, ii. 309;

disposes of benefices vacant by sack of Rome, 317;

his alarm, 319;

sequestrates property of the Mamelukes, 320;

seeks alliance with the Swiss, 320;

the duke's plot against him, 322;

escapes, 324;

in concealment, 325;

attends a general council and is made free of the city, 328;

concedes civil jurisdiction, 328;

abduction of a girl, 335;

compelled to restore her, 336;

his fears, 338, 339;

his flight by night, 340;

negotiation with the duke, 343;

takes his ease, 343, 349;

reconciled with the duke, 362;

hateful to Geneva, 363;

revokes civil jurisdiction, 364;

his menaces, 364;

anger at reply of Geneva, 366;

insults the messenger, 366;

prohibits reform, 389;

demands release of Mandolla, 411;

appeals to Knights of the Spoon, 412;

authorizes them to make war on Geneva, 413;

meets the duke at Gex, 415;

the attack frustrated, 422;

liberates his prisoners, 429;

asks intervention of the emperor, 429;

prepares another attack, 431;

applies to the pope, 432; iii. 268;

his letters to Besançon Hugues, 268-272;

receives deputation from the council, 324;

urged by Friburgers to return to Geneva, 423;

commanded to do so by Clement VII., 424;

invited by Genevese, 425;

hesitation, 426;

preparations to receive him, 430;

his entrance, 433;

orders a procession, 433;

at a general council, 434;

his despotic plans, 437;

proscribes Huguenots and Evangelicals, 438, 439;

invites the proscribed to his palace, 440;

seizes and imprisons them, 441;

what to do with them, 443;

a strange request, 444;

refuses a lawful trial to the accused, 448;

receives deputation of elders, 450;

will not yield, 451;

uneasiness, iv. 185;

resolves to remove Lutheran prisoners, 186;

compelled to surrender them, 189;

anxious to leave, 190, 191;

visit of the syndics to, 191;

his flight, 192;

his name a byword, 194;

forbids preaching, 196, 198;

his letters disregarded, 199;

a proclamation, 213, 230;

meditates a _coup d'état_, 231;

his palace searched, 236;

his plot discovered, 239;

result of the discovery, 242, 297;

accuses Maisonneuve of relapsing, 298;

urges his punishment, 299, 307;

forms a new plot, 308;

marches for Geneva, 311;

retreats, 315;

cuts off supply of food from the city, 337;

favors brigandage, 337;

transfers see to Gex, 338;

excommunicates Genevese, 339;

forbids the faithful to attend a disputation, v. 257;

forbids speaking or trading with Genevese, 270;

created cardinal, vi. 479

_La Forge_, Stephen de, his intercourse with Calvin, ii. 90;

receives him at Paris, iii. 68;

his zeal, 76;

his household, 89;

burnt, 141; iv. 259, 267

'_La Gaborite_,' martyrdom of, iii. 142

_Lamb_, Robert, Protestant of Perth, vi. 178;

seized and condemned to death by Cardinal Beatoun, 181;

hung, 181

_Lambert_, Denis, vi. 271, 272

_Lambert_ of Avignon, i. 339, 340;

called to Marburg, vi. 31;

intercourse with Patrick Hamilton, 31, 32, 34;

his testimony to Hamilton, 34

_Lambert_, Jean, iv. 240, 241; v. 352;

imprisonment at Chillon, 353;

burnt at Chambery, vi. 486

_Lambert_, Jean, assists Calvin in preparing constitution of

Church of Geneva, vii. 56

_Lambert_, (John Nicholson) seized and sent to London, iv. 92;

his examination, 93 _sqq._;

liberated, 95;

settles in London, account of him, viii. 163, 164;

his interview with Dr. Taylor, 165;

conference with Cranmer and others, 165;

his views condemned, 165;

appeals to the king, 165;

writes his _Treatise on the Sacrament_, 166;

his trial before the king, 167 _sqq._;

condemned, 172;

burnt, 172

_Lambert_, Savoyard ambassador to Swiss Diet, i. 153;

again sent, 162

_Langerben_, Michael, colleague of Olaf Peterson at Stockholm, vii.

261

_Lannoy_, i. 325

_La Sarraz_, Michael Mangerot, Baron of, ii. 412;

commissioned to make war on Geneva, 413;

character of, 416;

takes the field, 416, 417;

at battle of Gingins, v. 336 _sqq._;

in command at blockade of Geneva, 358

_Lascelles_, John, his disclosures about Queen Catherine

(Howard), viii. 248 _sqq._;

examined by the lords, 249

_Latimer_, Hugh, his sermon before the court, iv. 37;

the king tries to gain him, 45;

strengthened by the Fathers, 46;

letters to the king, 47 _sqq._;

his oratory, 49;

his boldness, 50;

accused to the king, 51;

protected by him, 77;

friendship with Bilney, 78;

tries to save him, 80;

laments for him, 83;

hated by priests and courtiers, 95;

sermon in the city, 95;

quits the court, 97;

summoned before bishop of London, 98;

examined, 99, 100;

maintains freedom of preaching, 100;

appears before Convocation, 101;

excommunicated, 101;

will not recant, 101;

absolved, 102;

visits Bainham in the Tower, 109;

the popular orator of Protestantism, v. 23;

chaplain to Queen Anne, 23;

his view of monasticism, 97;

the queen's esteem for, 121;

bishop of Worcester, 130;

preaches before Convocation, 181 _sqq._;

on the pilgrimage of grace, 206;

his letter on birth of Edward VI., viii. 141;

opposes the Six Articles, and resigns his see, 184;

retires to the country, 184;

committed to the Tower, 184

_Latomus_, takes part in persecution at Louvain, vii. 556, 559

_Lauder_, John, official accuser under Cardinal Beatoun, vi. 116,

121;

at the trial of Wishart, 199 _sqq._

_Laufen_, battle of, ii. 253

_Laurent_, Peter, professor at Malmoe, vii. 169

_Laurent_, Philip, ii. 8

_Lausanne_, Farel and Viret driven from, iv. 256;

offers troops to Geneva, 317;

preaching of Viret and Fabri at, vi. 229, 230;

image-breaking, 231;

a disputation appointed by Berne, prohibited by Charles V., 234;

its importance, 235;

the Romish and Protestant champions, 236;

the opening, 238;

manuscript Acts of the Disputation, 238 _note_;

protest of the canons against the discussion, 240;

results of the meeting, 260;

moral reform at, 261;

treaty with the Bernese, 264;

synod of, 313;

another, convoked by Bernese, 373;

discussion refused to Genevese deputies, 374;

the usages of Berne accepted, 374

_La Val d'Isère_, seignior of, i. 62;

attempts to gain Bonivard, 63;

vows to seize Levrier, 64;

escapes from Geneva, 65

_La Vaux_, opposition to reformation at, vi. 267

_Lay power_, growth of, i. 285;

assembly of laity and clergy discussed, ii. 293;

laymen and clergy, 311 _sqq._;

encroachments of clergy, 462;

triumph of, in England, iv. 19;

one of the forces of Protestantism, 298;

in primitive church, v. 26, 27;

revival of, in England, 83

_Le Clerq_, curé, searches for Margaret's 'Mirror,' ii. 172;

his act disavowed by Sorbonne, 181;

his defence, 182;

imprisoned, 233

_Le Comte_, John, iii. 74, 92;

invited to Switzerland by Farel, 232

_Lecoq_, his preaching at Paris, ii. 74;

before Francis I. and the court, 74;

a secret interview with the king, 75;

pronounced an arch-heretic, 76;

examined by doctors of the Sorbonne, 76;

retracts, 77

_Lee_, Edward, ambassador to Charles V. and the pope, iv. 22;

made archbishop of York, 72;

disowns primacy of the pope, v. 20;

sent to Queen Catherine, 112;

encourages the Catholic revolt in Lincolnshire, 204;

at Pomfret Castle, 209, 213; viii. 180

_Lefèvre_, of Etaples, publishes his New Testament, i. 225, 317;

flies from persecution, 332, 335, 367, 368;

at Paris, 361, 362;

consoles Margaret, 412; ii. 9, 57, 68;

his Bible, 90;

at Nérac, iii. 21;

interview with Calvin, 23, 24;

his _Mass of Seven Points_, 117;

his New Testament, 162;

used by Olivétan, 358;

allowed to be printed at Geneva, 358;

invited to take part in disputation at Geneva, v. 258;

his Bible compared with Olivétan's, 272

_Leighton_, Dr., v. 82;

commissioner for visitation of monasteries, 84;

his proceedings, 85 _sqq._

_Leith_, the English fleet at, vi. 183;

entered by the army, 184;

pillaged and burnt, 184

_Lennox_, John Stuart, Earl of, marches on Edinburgh, vi. 23;

defeated by Angus and slain, 24

_Lennox_, Earl of, supporter of the French party, 166;

at conference against the regent, 169;

enters service of Henry VIII., 176;

marries Lady Margaret Douglas, 176

_Leo X._, Pope, i. 34;

brings about marriage of Philiberta of Savoy with his brother

Julian, 34, 35;

nominates the Bastard of Savoy bishop of Geneva, 36;

false steps, 36;

his character, 49, 50;

gives Geneva to Savoy, 50;

annuls censures of archbishop of Vienne in Pécolat's case, 106,

114, 118;

characterized by Bonivard, 119;

forbids the Bastard to return to Geneva, 206;

his summons to syndics of Geneva, 208, 211;

prohibits introduction of Luther's works into Spain, viii. 4

_Lepeintre_, Claude, account of, viii. 47;

his martyrdom, 47, 48

_Le Picard_, champion of the Sorbonne, ii. 121, 126;

arrested, 127;

before the parliament, 129;

banished, 130;

his departure, 133;

returns, 230;

with Beda renews persecution, 230;

imprisoned, 233

_Lerma_, Peter de, abbot of Alcala, viii. 15;

imprisoned by the Inquisition, 16;

submits, 16;

his exile and death, 16, 41, 42;

his last days, attended by F. de Enzinas, 45

_Le Sage_, Charles, iii. 46, 47, 53

_Lesley_, John, conspires against Cardinal Beatoun, vi. 209;

assists at seizure of castle of St. Andrews, 211;

slays the cardinal, 212

_Lesley_, Norman, quarrels with Cardinal Beatoun, vi. 209;

conspires against him, 209;

his plan, 210;

seizes the castle of St. Andrews, 211

_L'Etoile_, Pierre de, teaches at Orléans, ii. 1;

his influence, 3;

his view on treatment of heretics, 4

_Leutschau_, Christian courage at, vii. 401

_Levet_, Claudine, iii. 320;

hears Froment, 321;

alone with the Bible, 322;

her conversion, 323;

dress and charities, 325;

her friends, 326;

meetings, 327;

threatened by Catholic rioters, 388;

advises flight of her husband, 441;

character of, 442; iv. 195; v. 304, 305

_Levet_, Aimé, iii. 320, 327;

Froment concealed in his house, 351, 358;

proscribed by the bishop, 439;

escapes, 441;

his wanderings, 445;

pursued and taken, 446;

liberated, iv. 195;

invites Froment, 195, 235;

refuses to honor relics and is imprisoned, 258, 324;

elected syndic, v. 394

_Levrat_, Jean, iv. 311, 312;

arrested, 316

_Levrier_, Aimé, i. 61, 62;

doomed to destruction by duke of Savoy, 62;

the scheme proposed to Bonivard, 63, 64;

warned by Bonivard, 64;

the attempt frustrated, 65;

foils the Bastard in Pécolat's trial, 98;

his proposal for saving Pécolat, 99, 104, 130, 134, 138, 200;

proposes deprivation of the bishop, 206;

commissioned to go to Rome, 206;

proof against Savoyard seductions, 233;

his character, 237;

frustrates the duke's attempt to usurp the vidamy, 239;

his interview with Charles at Bonne, 240;

leads opposition to his demand of sovereignty, 241;

his death determined on, 243;

refuses to leave Geneva, 244;

before the duke, 244;

seized and carried off by Bellegarde to Bonne, 247;

the bishop's councillors refuse to intervene, 249;

the duke's plot, 250;

debate in the Council, 250;

tortured, 251;

his calm courage, 252;

execution by night, 253 _sqq._;

consequences, 254, 282;

his memory honored, 315

_Levrier_, Pierre, i. 37, 74, 93, 94

_Libertines_, The, ii. 91; iii. 78;

[_Spirituals_]

_Liberty_, Modern, three sources of, i. 8;

morality necessary to, 59;

first declaration of religious liberty, iii. 429;

Rome and liberty incompatible, v. 61

_Libraries_ of convents in England, destroyed or carried off, v. 99

_Lichtenberg_, astrologer, ii. 249

_Liesveld_, publishes a Dutch Bible, vii. 517

_Limburg_, a family of martyrs at, vii. 536, 537

_Lincolnshire_, Catholic revolt in, v. 204 _sqq._

_Linlithgow_, vi. 12, 46, 125

_Lippomano_, iv. 482

_Lisle_, Lord, commander of English fleet sent to Leith, vi. 183

'_Little Geneva_,' ii. 55

'_Little Germany_,' ii. 63

_Littlejohn Smallfoot_, abbot of Bonmont's fool, i. 74, 75

_Lollards_, The, ii. 102

_London_, persecution by Bonner at, viii. 238 _sqq._

_London_, Dr., commissioner for visitation of monasteries, v. 84;

collects information for accusation of Cranmer, viii. 242;

arrests evangelicals at Oxford, 264;

at Windsor, 270;

set in the pillory and imprisoned, 270

_Longland_, bishop of Lincoln, Chancellor of Oxford, deputed to

obtain opinion of the university on the king's divorce, iv. 33

_Longueville_, John, Count of, ii. 83

_Lorraine_, Cardinal of, i. 366;

presides at discussion with Lecoq, ii. 76

_Losonczy_, Stephen, account of, vii. 411;

expels Szegedin and other pastors, 412

_Louis II._ of Hungary, marries Mary sister of Charles V., vii. 344;

character of, 344;

declares against reformation, 348;

writes to Elector of Saxony against Luther, 349;

urged by the pope proscribes the Reformation, 352;

issues edict for burning of heretics, 355;

summoned by Solyman to pay tribute, 357;

prepares to resist invasion, 357;

sets out to meet the Turks, 358;

his army, 359;

defeat and death at Mohacz, 361

_Louis XI._, of France, i. 25

_Louis XVI._, iii. 131

_Louis_, Duke of Savoy, i. 22;

takes refuge at Geneva, 23

_Louisa_ of Savoy, regent of France, persecutes Lutherans, i. 331;

stops proceedings against Berquin, 344, 365;

her character and influence at court, 409;

takes part against the Reformation, ii. 31, 33;

her illness, 68;

will die governing, 69;

her death, 69, 418; iii. 205

_Louvain_, vii. 435;

Luther's writings introduced, 484;

rage of the theologians, 484;

Erasmus assailed, 485;

appeal of the doctors to the governess Margaret, 486;

arrival of Alasco at, 548;

pestilence at, 553;

persecution of the reformed at, 554;

night arrests, 554, 555;

the examinations, 556 _sqq._;

the torture, 560;

martyrdom, 562 _sqq._;

cowards, 568

_Louvre_, The, opened for Lutheran preaching by Margaret of

Navarre, ii. 114 _sqq._

_Loys_, Fernand de, represents Lausanne at the disputation, vi.

236, 243, 264

_Lübeck_, resolves on invasion of Denmark, vii. 207;

[_Oldenburg_, Count of] besieged by Christian III., 211;

with other Hanse Towns allied against Denmark, 308;

resistance to the Reformation at, viii. 321;

church organized by Pomeranus, 322

_Lucas_, elder of the Hussites, vii. 418, 420

_Ludovico_, attendant of the legate at Ratisbon, imprisoned

for a calumny against Bishop Gardiner, viii. 159

_Luft_, Hans, Marburg printer, publishes writings of Tyndale, vi. 30;

his illness at Wittenberg, 36

_Lugrin_, Sieur de, at castle of Gingins, lies in wait for

Swiss auxiliaries, v. 333;

battle of Gingins, 335 _sqq._

_Lullin_, Jean, i. 233;

insults the servants of duke of Savoy, 233;

resists claims of the duke, 267, 270, 276;

returns to Geneva, 290;

rouses the citizens, 290-292;

envoy to Switzerland, ii. 381;

again, 415;

assailed by Mamelukes, iii. 449; iv. 187, 188, 195;

envoy to Berne, 309;

to Lucerne, 343; v. 315;

a leader of opposition, vi. 340;

elected syndic, 361;

one of the delegates to Berne, 512;

signs a treaty, 513;

refuses to go again, 514;

arrested, liberated on bail, 516;

his flight, 518;

sentenced to death, 518

_Lullin_, Pierre, v. 411, 412

_Lullin_, Sire de, governor of the Pays de Vaud, v. 341;

at Coppet, arrests Claude Savoie, 341;

his schemes, 342;

meets fugitives from battle of Gingins, 344;

invites Maisonneuve to treat for peace, 352;

imprisons the envoys at Chillon, 353;

prepares for blockade of Geneva, 358;

orders seizure of Maisonneuve, 363

_Lund_, Archbishop of, arrested, vii. 217

_Luther_, i. 3, 103, 118, 120, 183, 201, 209;

his influence at Geneva, 210, 216, 235, 237;

his starting-point, 319, 332;

his writings introduced at Strasburg, 339;

prohibited in France, 342, 352, 374, 386, 388, 430; ii. 72, 94;

opposes war, 96;

and diplomacy, 98, 99;

prevails, 101;

opposes alliance of Francis I. and landgrave of Hesse, 222 _sqq._;

aversion of Chelius to, 261, 263, 408, 436; iii. 25, 49;

a letter on the evil times, 147;

organ of a new creation, 171;

agreement of Luther and Calvin, 368;

condemns divorce of Henry VIII., iv. 42;

Lambert's esteem for, 93;

on use of images, 102;

conference with Melanchthon, iv. 383;

writes to the elector, 384;

has interview with him, 384, 386;

opposes journey of Melanchthon to France, 387, 389;

writes to Jonas, 389, 390, 410, 414, 454, 483; v. 80;

his view of Henry VIII., 108;

takes part in discussion with English divines at Wittenberg, 116;

refuses concession, 117, 183, 292;

his writings read in the schools of Paris, vi. 17;

and proscribed in Scotland, 21;

rumor of his death in Germany, 35;

his illness, 36;

receives sick persons into his house, 37;

on marriage, 46;

approves the confession of Basel, 325;

greets Calvin, 462;

again, 496;

difference between wives of Luther and Calvin, 510;

an originator of Reformation, vii. 114;

invited by Christian II., 133;

his letter to King Frederick on behalf of Christian II., 192, 221,

235;

his letter to Gustavus Vasa, 318;

his writings introduced in Hungary and condemned, 345;

his letter to the Queen of Hungary, 362;

receives emigrants from Hungary, 366;

visited by Devay, 367;

his reply to Hungarian pastors about Devay, 396;

condemns the United Brethren, 418;

receives deputation from them, 419;

addresses to them his _Worship of the Sacrament_, 420;

writes to the Calixtines, 421;

receives deputation from Dantzic, 427;

his advice to them, 428;

ordinance against him published at Thorn, 430;

his message to Christians of Livonia, 432, 484, 485, 486, 488, 494;

interview with a Dutch _illuminé_, 505;

writes to Antwerp Christians, 505, 506;

read in Spain, viii. 3, 53;

confers with Melanchthon and others on the _Six Articles_, 188,

189;

his works read by Bugenhagen, 316;

sale of his hymns at Magdeburg, 318;

and at Brunswick, 319, 320;

his sermons burnt at Lübeck, 321;

intercourse with prince of Anhalt, 322;

his letter to the princes, 326;

to Duke George, 326;

to Joachim, 327;

intercourse with the duke of Pomerania, 328;

his last visit to Eisleben, intercourse with the Counts of

Mansfeld, 354, 355;

illness and death, 355-358

_Lutherans_, in France, persecuted, i. 332;

martyred, 333 _sqq._;

extirpation of, demanded by clergy, and refused by Francis I., 411;

denounced by Duprat, 414;

private meetings stopped, pastors seized, ii. 229, 230;

burning of, decreed, 231;

seizure of three hundred, 232;

at Geneva, 385;

post up a General Pardon, 463;

increase of, 467;

call themselves Evangelicals, 467;

edict for extirpation of, by Francis I., iii. 140;

at Geneva, agitation against, 367;

the doctors condemn divorce of Henry VIII., iv. 42

_Lutry_, Canon, locks up the belfry, i. 307;

meeting of canons at his house, 311;

flight, 311;

his house entered, 312

_Lutry_, in the Pays de Vaud, reformation at, vi. 267, 268

_Lyndsay_, Sir David, vi. 126, 127, 133;

withdraws from the court, 168

_Lyons_, persecution at, i. 10;

Geneva fairs transferred to, 26;

visited by Francis I., 79;

distribution of New Testaments from, 225;

preaching of De la Croix at, ii. 236 _sqq._, 240;

church of, iv. 268;

inquisitional court at, 268;

meeting of prelates at, vi. 479, 480

_Lyra_, Nicholas, iii. 332

_Machiavelli_, i. 199; ii. 146, 148, 157, 227

_Machopolis_, Stephen, preaches at Annonay, i. 430

_Macrin_, i. 363

_Madeleine_ of Valois. [_James V._ of Scotland]

_Madrid_, Treaty of, i. 337, 412; vii. 520

_Magdeburg_, beginning of Reformation at, viii. 318

_Magnus_, papal legate in Sweden, vii. 257;

his policy, 257;

his advice to the king, 261;

made primate, 262;

becomes tolerant, 262;

his embarrassment, 263;

cites the reformers before the chapter of Upsala, 263;

declares them excommunicated, 264;

changes his policy, his ostentation, 270, 271;

entertains the king, 272;

demands the trial of Olaf, 273;

cited before the king, 279;

goes to Rome, 280

_Maid of Kent_, the, account of, v. 7 _sqq._;

appears before Henry VIII., 11;

her threats, 11;

a conspiracy, 13;

arrested, 15;

makes confession, 15;

executed, 17

_Maison-Neuve_, Baudichon de la, Syndic of Geneva, i. 142, 205;

welcomes the New Testament, 226, 256;

imprisoned at Lyons, ii. 237;

deputy to Berne, 307;

influenced by Ab Hofen, 316, 332, 333;

organizes 'funeral procession of the papacy,' 347, 462;

posts up a General Pardon, 463, 467;

visits Farel, iii. 277, 314;

a zealous Protestant, 354;

with Salomon goes to Berne, 363, 365;

his friends assemble to defend him, 371;

his daughter Micah, 381;

gathering of Lutherans in his house, 385;

his courage, 386;

a prayer, 386;

proposal to burn his house, 389;

goes to Berne to oppose Du Crest, 403, 421;

escapes from proscription, 441;

at Berne, 443, 448; iv. 187;

his Lutheranism, 187, 188;

heads the Huguenots and compels the bishop to surrender his

prisoners, 189;

his success, 192;

impetuosity, 196;

has preaching in his house, 197;

rescues Froment in the cathedral, 205;

secures his escape from Geneva, 206;

complains at Berne, 206, 207;

his character, 209, 210;

demands arrest of Furbity, 210;

his house threatened by Catholics, 211;

keeps order at Farel's preaching, 212;

watches over him during the tournament, 226, 236, 241, 246;

a baptism in his house, 248, 249;

takes possession of the Grand Auditory at Rive for Farel's sermon,

252;

at Frankfort, 256;

at Lyons, 261;

sells a reliquary, 261;

his bold speaking, 262, 263;

defends Renier, 264;

hostility to, aroused, 265;

again at Lyons, 266;

arrested, 267;

summoned before inquisitional court, 268;

his trial, 269 _sqq._;

agitation in Geneva, 271;

his brother's efforts, 271 _sqq._;

again examined, 273, 274;

answer of the court to Bernese demand, 275;

examined by inquisitors, 273, 289, 290;

false witness, 292;

enquiry continued, 293;

placed in solitary confinement, 293;

challenges the judges, 294;

harshly treated, 296;

confronted with Courtelier, 297;

the bishop's accusation, 298;

chooses to be tried in France, 299;

intervention of Genevese magistrates, 299;

final summons of the court, 300;

pronounced heretical, 300;

the sentence, 301;

his liberation sought by Bernese, 322;

liberated by order of Francis I., 328;

restored to Geneva, 329;

leader in campaign against idols, v. 289, 304;

named captain-general, 318;

leads troops to aid of Wildermuth, 346;

invited by de Lullin to treat for peace, 351;

sends envoys to Coppet, 352;

returns to Geneva, 354;

discovers treachery of his trumpeter, 356;

pleads cause of Geneva in Switzerland, 362

_Malbuisson_, Jacques, iv. 312

_Malbuisson_, Jean de, i. 219

_Malbuisson_, Pierre de, i. 269; iii. 374;

takes part in consultation for peace, 395; iv. 200, 208, 255

_Malmoe_, the Reformation at, vii. 157 _sqq._;

school of theology founded at, 169

_Malvenda_, Peter, viii. 102;

his interviews with Juan Diaz at Ratisbon, 103, 104, 105;

writes to De Soto, 105;

interview with Alonzo Diaz, 108

'_Mamelukes_', a party name at Geneva, i. 89;

organization of, 149, 150;

go out to duke of Savoy, 167;

plot with him, 168;

draw up proscription list, 177;

haggle with the headsman, 177;

renounce alliance with Friburg, 179;

conspire with the bishop at Troches, 184;

come into power, 200;

vote for withdrawal of appeal to the pope, 268;

draw up proscription lists, 268;

consent to withdraw appeal, 278;

fawn on the duke, 279, 280;

accept his sovereignty at 'council of halberds,' 287;

oppose justification of fugitives, 295;

dismissed from office, 301;

conspiracy, 311;

flight, 312, 313;

their property sequestrated by the bishop, ii. 320;

fugitives condemned to death, 355;

join in attack on Geneva, 355;

their plots against Lutherans, iii. 368 _sqq._;

arms of the flesh, 405;

a council at the episcopal vicar's, 409;

fight in the Molard, 415 _sqq._;

invite the bishop to return, 426;

exiles forbidden to enter Geneva, 431;

support absolute power of the bishop, 435;

demand justice for Wernli's death, 448;

their fanaticism, 448;

their triumph, 461;

alarmed at success of Lutherans, iv. 196;

flight of, 318;

brigandage, 319

_Mandolla_, procurator-fiscal, ii. 409;

flies from Geneva, 410;

imprisoned, 410;

his release demanded by the bishop, 411;

released, 429

_Mannock_, viii. 248, 249

_Manrique_, Don Alfonso de, archbishop of Seville, procures

acquittal of D'Avila, viii. 17;

his banishment and death, 18, 19

_Marbeck_, examined by Bishop Gardiner, viii. 265;

vindicated by Cranmer and acquitted, 266

_Marburg_, publication of Tyndale's writings at, vi. 30;

foundation of a university, 31;

its inauguration, 32;

its principles, 32, 33

_Marcii_, burnt at Toulouse, ii. 82

_Marcourt_, Antoine, pastor at Geneva, vi. 449, 450;

with Morand at Berne, 452;

leaves Geneva, vii. 2

_Marcus Aurelius_, i. 9

_Marennes_, Countess of, account of, v. 425

_Marennes_, Count of, v. 425, 428

_Margaret_ of Angoulême (of Valois), Queen of Navarre,

character and position of, i. 322;

compared with Calvin, 322, 323;

her desire for reformation, 326;

journey to Spain, 326;

nurses her brother, Francis I., 328;

at Toledo, 329;

fruitless appeals to Charles V., 329;

before the council, 330 _sqq._;

admiration of Spaniards for her, 330;

her acquirements and courage, 331;

procures release of Berquin, 332;

pleads for the exiles, 335;

escapes arrest by flight from Spain, 336, 337;

her influence over Francis I., 338;

corresponds with Count Sigismund, 340;

her scheme of reformation, 341;

invites Count Sigismund to France, 341;

intercedes for Berquin, 343 _sqq._;

courted by Henry d'Albret, 346;

her first marriage, 346, 347, 352, 353 _sqq._;

her religious poems, 355;

marriage schemes, 356;

obtains release of the prisoners, 358;

pleads for Toussaint, 359;

receives refugees from Strasburg, 361, 362;

goes to Paris, 364;

receives Toussaint, 364;

her hopes, 365, 368, 371;

as a missionary, 372 _sqq_.;

gets Berquin liberated, 377;

her marriage, 378;

prevents persecution of Lutherans, 411;

at Fontainebleau, 413;

birth of her daughter, 413;

returns to Paris, 414;

at Fontainebleau, 418;

her _Marguérites_, 421 _sqq._;

her university of Bourges, ii. 23;

her sorrows at court, 31;

intercedes for Berquin, 34, 37, 40, 42;

her Martyr's hymn, 46, 61;

appeals to Bucer, 62;

birth and death of her son, 64;

at wedding of Francis I. and Eleanor, 65;

her hymn 'The fountain,' 67;

attends her mother's death-bed, 68 _sqq._;

protects Lefèvre, 68;

her dream of reformation, 69, 71;

revises her prayer-book, 73;

invites Calvin into her service, 93;

projects scheme of evangelical preaching, 113;

opens a hall in the Louvre for Roussel, 114;

her zeal, 114;

her plan of reformation, 117;

defamed, 120, 122;

fury of the Sorbonne against her, 165;

enemies at court, 166;

her _Mirror of the Sinful Soul_, 166 _sqq._;

her tales of the monks, 170 _sqq._;

seizure of the _Mirror_ by the Sorbonne, 172;

violence of the monks, 172;

corresponds with Montmorency, 173;

her book prohibited, 173;

satirized in the priests' comedy, 174;

interview with Calvin, 205;

retires to Béarn, 213;

pleads for Lutherans, 234;

returns to Paris, 238;

her ambition, 238, 247;

visit of Baduel to, 258 _sqq._;

at Nérac, iii. 20 _sqq._;

interested in Calvin, 25;

at Pau, 26;

secret observance of the Lord's Supper, 27;

her mystery, _The Nativity_, represented, 29 _sqq._;

her alarm about the placards, 114;

intervenes for Roussel, 115;

leaves Paris, 115;

recalled, 116;

her scheme of compromise, 116;

procures liberation of her preachers, 124;

sends Baduel to Melanchthon, iv. 368; v. 119, 120;

procures a bishopric for Roussel, 438

_Margaret_ of Austria, Governess of the Netherlands, vii. 486;

her reply to doctors of Louvain, 486;

carries out edict of persecution, 488;

present at suppression of Augustinian convent, 499, 518;

her views of reform, 518;

her death, 529

_Margaret_, widow of James IV. of Scotland, regent for her son,

vi. 9;

marries Angus, 15;

appeals to Henry VIII. for aid against Albany, 20;

desires a divorce, 22;

conspires with Beatoun against Angus, 23;

flies from Stirling, 24;

returns to Holyrood, 27;

quarrels with James V., 106;

her death, 137

_Margaret_, Countess of Salisbury, joins conspiracy against

Henry VIII., v. 14;

arrested, viii. 152

_Marot_, Clement, arrested, i. 332;

liberated, 358;

escapes to Italy, iii. 122;

writes to Francis I., 140; iv. 370;

at Ferrara, v. 426, 428;

ordered to leave Ferrara, 443

_Marquina_, delegate to conference of Ratisbon, his interview

with De Soto, viii. 106;

returns to Rome, 106;

reports heresy of Juan Diaz to Alonzo, 106

_Marriage_ of priests discussed, ii. 293

_Marseilles_, meeting of Clement VII. and Francis I. at, ii. 192;

iv. 167

_Martin V._, Pope, i. 19;

twice nominates a prince-bishop of Geneva, 20

_Martin_ of Kalmance, vii. 367;

umpire with Dr. Adrian at conference of Schässburg, 384;

their embarrassment, 385;

goes to Wittenberg, 393;

colleague of Devay at Debreczin, 398;

his characteristics, 398;

assassinated by a priest, 398

_Marty_, Councillor of Friburg, receives Berthelier, i. 85;

at Geneva, 136;

again sent to Geneva, 170;

his interview with duke Charles, 170;

his advice to the Council, 171, 172;

remonstrates with the duke, 178, 181

_Martyr_, Peter, (_Vermigli_), iv. 427;

parentage and early life of, 433;

disinherited, enters a monastery, 433;

character, 433, 434;

begins to preach, 434;

studies Hebrew, 435;

called to Naples, 435, 461;

search after truth, 461;

his preaching, 462;

his audience, 463

_Martyr_, Peter, of Anghiera, iv. 455; viii. 2, 3

_Martyrs_, youthful, i. 347 _sqq._; ii. 45;

a hymn, 46;

at Paris, iii. 118 _sqq._;

136, 141, 182;

effects of deaths of, iv. 111;

Roman as well as Protestant, v. 52;

multitude of, in the 16th century, viii. 124;

heroes of the conscience, 125

_Mary_, Princess, of England, refuses to renounce her title, v. 111;

Cranmer's intercession for her, 111;

separated from her mother, 111;

Anne Boleyn asks pardon of her, 162;

restored to favor, 178

_Mary_, queen of Scots, her birth, vi. 149;

marriage of, to Edward of England projected by Henry VIII., 157;

the treaty concluded, 165;

failure of the scheme, 171;

her coronation, 175

_Mary_, Regent of the Netherlands, iv. 163; v. 221;

her marriage with Louis II. of Hungary, vii. 344;

her character, 344, 345;

her coronation, 348;

her distress after Mohacz, 362;

consoled by Luther, 362;

appointed Governess of the Netherlands, 364, 529;

the pope's complaint of her to the emperor, 529;

difficulty of her position at Brussels, 530;

inconsistencies, 530;

appoints Peter Alexander her chaplain, viii. 86;

favors marriage of Henry VIII. with duchess of Milan, 174

_Mary_ of Lorraine, marries James V. of Scotland, vi. 109;

left a widow, 150;

resists scheme for marriage of her daughter Mary with Edward

of England, 158;

present at submission of Arran to the pope, 173;

induces Bothwell to give up Wishart to the regent, 197

_Mass_, The, views of Bucer and Melanchthon, ii. 269;

massmongers, 290, 291;

conversation on, iii. 48;

Calvin exposes it, 53;

the _placards_ against, 94 _sqq._;

Lefèvre's _Mass of Seven Points_, 117;

opinion of Francis I. on, iv. 400;

suppressed at Geneva, v. 295, 297;

Calvin on its evil influences, 432, 433;

differences about, at Ferrara, 435

_Masson_, Peter, Waldensian, sent to Basel, iii. 247;

conference with Œcolampadius, 247;

executed at Dijon, 250;

effect of his martyrdom, 252

_Master_, priest of Kent, instigates imposture of Maid of Kent, v. 8;

before Star Chamber, confesses conspiracy, 15

_Materialism_, iii. 11, 12

_Mathurin_, Friar, appears before parliament of Paris, ii. 129;

banished, 130;

his departure, 133

_Matthison_, John, vii. 541; viii. 335;

instigates expulsion of evangelicals from Munster, 339;

exercises chief authority, 340;

killed at siege of Munster, 341

_Maurienne_, bishop of, i. 78;

sent by duke of Savoy to bribe Genevese patriots, 152, 158, 161,

212, 228;

deputy to the duke about seizure of Levrier, 249;

again, 250;

attends 'council of halberds,' 286

_Maximus_, a Greek monk, revises Slave version of the Bible, vii.

432;

confined in a convent, 433

_Maxwell_, Lord, vi. 144, 145;

surrenders to the English, 146;

set at liberty and sent with others to arrange marriage of Prince

Edward with Mary, queen of Scots, 157;

proposes a law giving freedom to read the Bible, 162

_Mayence_, Albert, archbishop of, iv. 386

_Mayor_, John, teaches philosophy at Paris, vi. 17;

teaches at Glasgow, 18;

his doctrines, 18, 19;

his _De Jure Regni_, 19;

removes to St. Andrews, 19

_Meaux_, ii. 57

_Mecklenburg_, Albert, duke of, besieged in Copenhagen, vii. 215;

submits to Christian III., 215

_Medici_, Giangiacomo, account of, v. 370;

takes command of Savoyard troops against Geneva, 371;

his flight before the Bernese, 381;

letters to him seized by the Bernese, 384

_Medici_, Lorenzo de', i. 50

_Medici_, Lorenzo II., de', ii. 142

_Medici_, Cardinal de, iv. 173

_Megander_, at disputation of Lausanne, vi. 246;

presides at synod of Lausanne, 314;

his influence at Berne, 324;

head of delegates to Basel, 325;

opposes Kunz and Meyer, 326;

opposes Bucer and Capito at synod of Berne, 329;

his catechism revised by Bucer, 366;

retires to Zurich, 367

_Mekins_, accused by Bonner, tried and burnt, viii. 238, 239

_Melanchthon_, ii. 72, 73;

sent with Luther to Philip of Hesse, 222 _sqq._;

Du Bellay's estimate of him, 246;

opposes Philip, 249, 252, 257;

introduces Baduel to Margaret of Navarre, 258;

anxieties, 260;

mission of Chelius to, 261 _sqq._;

his desire for union, 261;

sketches plan of new church, 262;

his proposals examined before Francis I., 265 _sqq._, 284;

iii. 84, 145, 147; iv. 349, 352;

his conciliatory character, 357;

invited to France, 357;

resolves to go, 361;

letter to bishop of Paris, 361;

letter to Sturm, 362;

receives envoy of Francis I., 375;

his perplexity, 375, 377 _sqq._;

decision, 376;

his character, 377;

applies to the elector, 380;

opposed by the courtiers, refused permission by the elector to go

to France, 382;

confers with Luther, 383;

objections of Germans to his going to France, 385, 386;

his grief, 388;

letter to du Bellay, 389;

letter to Francis I., 391;

to du Bellay, 392;

to Sturm, 393;

goes to Smalcalde, 395;

at conference with du Bellay, 398;

draws up answer to him, 404;

his _Commonplaces_ circulated in Italy, 408, 411;

his letter to Campeggio, 411;

laments More, v. 75;

corresponds with Henry VIII, 106;

horror at execution of More and Fisher, 107;

declines invitation to England, 107;

takes part in discussion with English divines at Wittenberg, 116;

appointed joint envoy to Henry VIII., 118;

the embassy given up, 170;

interview with Calvin at Frankfort, vi. 474 _sqq._;

his dream, 478;

friendship with Calvin, vii. 15 _sqq._, 236, 379, 380;

writes to Count Nadasdy, 380;

appeals to Margrave of Brandenburg in behalf of Hungarian exiles,

392;

corresponds with Alasco, 449;

his works read by the Enzinas, viii. 41;

intercourse with Francis de Enzinas, 93, 94;

writes to Henry VIII., 157;

his view of the office of kings in relation to the church, 157;

confers with Luther and others on the _Six Articles_, 188, 189;

writes to Henry VIII., 189;

compared with Pomeranus, 317, 320

_Melville_, James, conspires against Cardinal Beatoun, vi. 212, 213

_Mendicants_, The, ii. 121;

excite sedition at Paris, 122

_Mendoza_, Don Francisco de, bishop of Jaen, his interviews with

Enzinas, viii. 69;

entertains Charles V., 69, 70;

presents Enzinas to him, 71

_Menno_, his conference with Alasco, vii. 468

_Merlin_, grand penitentiary, ii. 42, 44

_Meyer_, Sebastian, pastor at Berne, vi. 326;

his doctrine of the sacrament, 326, 367, 369, 370

_Michael d' Aranda_, made bishop, i. 359;

at Strasburg, 362, 380; ii. 236

_Michelsen_, private secretary to Christian II., vii. 145;

completes and publishes Danish New Testament, 146;

his preface, 146, 157

_Michod_, Jean, at disputation of Lausanne, vi. 236, 244

_Middle Ages_, The, i. 318

_Milan_, duchy of, offered by Charles V. to Francis I., v. 113

_Milon_, Bartholomew, paralytic, conversion of, iii. 69 _sqq._;

imprisoned, 111;

martyrdom, 119

_Mirabeau_, Farel and, i. 375

_Modena_, spread of Lutheranism at, iv. 428

_Mohacz_, battle of, vii. 360, 361;

its effect on Europe, 361

_Moine_, Thomas, head of lay opposition to reform at Geneva,

iii. 330, 363, 365, 366, 367, 368, 396; iv. 312

_Molard_, Claude du, syndic of Geneva, ii. 468

_Mollerus_, Henry, of Zutphen, vii. 494;

at Wittenberg, 494;

his theses, 495, 496;

preaches at Antwerp, 496;

prior of the Augustines, 496;

arrested, 497;

rescued, 497;

his wanderings, 498;

preaches at Bremen, 498;

in Holstein, 499;

murdered, 499

_Mollio_, John, teaches at Bologna from the New Testament, iv. 453;

expelled from the university, 453

_Monachism_, ii. 170; iv. 401; v. 58

_Monasteries_, in England, state of, v. 80;

suppression of, urged by Cromwell, 81;

middle course proposed and adopted, 82;

the system rotten, 83;

the commissioners for visitation, 84;

Canterbury, 85;

Langton Abbey, 86;

Fountains, 88;

Mayden-Bradley, 88;

Bristol, 88;

fraud at Hales, 88;

fraud at Boxley, 89;

discoveries in, 89;

Norton Abbey, 91;

Woolstrop Abbey, 91;

the nunneries, 91;

permission to leave, given to young monks and nuns, 93;

Report of Commissioners, 93;

deliberations of council on, 94;

debate in parliament, 96;

the smaller, secularized, 96;

bill for suppression of, 96;

petitions of nobles for gifts of, 98, 99;

libraries destroyed, or carried off, 99;

suppression of, carried out, 100;

closing scenes and sufferings, 100, 101;

gain to learning, 102;

crown revenues increased, 103;

the process completed, 105;

popular discontent and agitation about, 202-204;

restoration of monks to their convents in Yorkshire, 206, 207

_Monathon_, Genevese delegate to Berne, vi. 512;

signs a treaty, 513;

again sent, 514;

arrested, liberated on bail, 516;

flight from Geneva, 518;

sentenced to death, 518

_Montague_, Lord, iv. 70;

charged with treason and executed, viii. 152

_Montaigne_, ii. 297

_Montbel de Verey_, Sieur de, commands French auxiliaries sent

to Geneva, v. 359;

defeated by de la Sarraz in the mountains, reaches Geneva, 364;

proposes French protection, 365

_Montbèliard_, pledged to France by Ulrich, ii. 226

_Montchenu_, Seigneur de, invites Genevese to become subjects

of the king of France, vi. 362;

at Annecy, 485

_Montheron_, Abbot of, betrays Bonivard to duke of Savoy, i. 184;

receives priory of St. Victor, 186;

his death at Rome, 211

_Montius_, ii. 42, 44

_Montluc_, John de, at Paris, ii. 115, 116; iii. 180

_Montmorency_, warns Margaret of Angoulême of intention of

Charles V. to arrest her, i. 336;

sets Berquin free, 377;

supports petition against him, ii. 33, 68;

hostile to Margaret, 166;

corresponds with her, 173;

intrigues against her, 173;

silenced, 177; iii. 107;

treachery towards Margaret, 115;

opposes union of Catholics and reformers, iv. 370

_Montrotier_, Sieur de, commands Savoyard army, i. 162, 167, 174, 176

_Montyon_, syndic of Geneva, i. 111, 132;

pronounces acquittal of Berthelier, 144, 148, 150, 168;

syndic, 200;

again, 263;

at 'council of halberds,' 288, 290, 293;

at election of syndics, 300

'_Morality_,' a, performed at Geneva, i. 305

_Morand_, Jean, pastor at Geneva, vi. 449;

with Marcourt, vindicates himself at Berne, 452;

resigns and leaves Geneva, vii. 2

_Moravia_, the Reformation in, vii. 417

_More_, Sir Thomas, ii. 299;

appointed chancellor, iv. 5;

opens the parliament, 9, 55, 59;

presents decisions of universities on the king's divorce to

parliament, 67, 75;

orders arrest of Bilney, 79;

a persecutor, 85;

his fanaticism, 90;

resigns the seals, 91;

arrests and tortures Bainham, 106;

tries to bend him, 106;

proposes to answer Fryth, 141;

threatens Tyndale, 143;

answers Fryth, orders search for him, 144;

hatred of the Reformation, 145;

his book against Fryth, 146;

doubts about the Maid of Kent, v. 10;

attempts to win him over, 12;

his name struck out of indictment, 16;

fears, 45;

refuses to take the oath of supremacy, 46;

attainted, 46;

visited in the Tower, 46, 47;

harsh treatment, 52;

sees Carthusians led to execution, 62;

visited by Cromwell, 64;

summoned before the King's Bench, 68;

condemned to death, 69;

the parting with his daughter, 69 _sqq._;

his last days, 71;

execution, 73, 74;

characterized, 74;

laments for him, 75

_Morel_, George, Waldensian, sent to Basel, iii. 247;

conference with Œcolampadius, 247;

imprisoned at Dijon, escapes, 250

_Moulins_, Bertrand des, iii. 78

_Mountjoy_, Lord, royal commissioner sent to Queen Catherine, v. 18

_Mullinen_, Gaspard de, head of Swiss embassy to Geneva, i. 280;

receives from Duke Charles safe-conduct for exiles, 281

_Munster_, Westphalia, viii. 333;

preaching of Rottmann at, 333;

the priests deprived, and arrested, 333;

arrival of fanatics from the Netherlands, 334;

Bockhold and Matthison, 335;

Knipperdolling, 336;

spread of their views, 337;

the town seized by the Visionaries, 337;

they establish themselves in power, 338;

expulsion of evangelicals, 339;

the new kingdom set up, 340;

image-breaking, 340;

communism, 341;

investment of, by the bishop, 341;

Tausendschar, 343;

a festival, 345;

invested by Philip of Hesse, 347;

famine, 347, 348;

captured, 349.

[_Spiritualists_, _John of Leyden_]

_Myconius_, Oswald, meets Calvin at Basel, iii. 165;

account of, 166;

his _council sermon_, 167;

president of the church, 167;

sympathy with Calvin, 167; vi. 323;

takes part in synod of Berne, 327

_Myconius_, Frederick, one of the German envoys to England, viii.

153;

preaches at Zwickau, 317

'_Mystery_,' performed at Geneva, i. 222;

another, '_Monde Malade_,' by the Huguenots, 228;

at Pau, _The Nativity_, iii. 29 _sqq._

_Nadasdy_, Count, promotes the Reformation, vii. 378;

receives Devay into his house at Sarvar, 378;

sets up the first printing press in Hungary, 381

_Nägueli_, Francis, Bernese deputy to Geneva, ii. 445;

ambassador to the Pays de Vaud, v. 340;

at Conference of Coppet, 340, 343, 345, 348;

seized by Savoyards and released, 350;

at Geneva, 355;

head of deputation to duke of Savoy, 361;

commander of expedition against Savoy, 373;

meets the Savoyards at Morges, 378, 379;

his victorious march, 380-384;

enters Geneva, 387;

his interview with the council, 390;

his march for Chambery, 395;

reduces Vaud, 398

_Navarre_, King of. [_Henry d'Albret_]

_Navarre_, Queen of. [_Margaret of Angoulême_]

_Navis_, Andrew, i. 42, 69, 73, 74, 76;

imprisoned at Turin, 115;

his examination, 116;

removed to Pignerol, 116;

his torture and confession, 116, 117;

sentenced to death, 122;

beheaded, 123;

treatment of his remains, 123, 124;

agitation in Geneva, 125, 131, 183

_Navis_, Pierre, i. 42, 73, 112;

his character, 113;

demands arrest of Berthelier, 113;

his accusations, 113;

grief over death of his son, 125, 131

_Nemours_, Philip, duke of, takes part in attack on Geneva, ii. 416,

431

_Nergaz_, Michael, syndic of Geneva, i. 128, 136, 137, 138,

150, 168, 267;

attempts to break off alliance of Geneva with the Swiss, 314

_Netherlands_, the contest against Philip II., i. 5;

home of a free people, vii. 480;

industry and commerce, 480, 481;

suzerainty of Austria, 481;

Charles V., 481;

Catholicism, in, 482;

fore-runners of the Reformation, 482;

intercourse with foreigners, 484;

voices in praise of Luther, 487;

edict of persecution, 488;

a Christian triumvirate, 500, 501;

illuminism, 505;

unknown enlighteners, 506;

persecution by Charles V., 508;

persecution authorized by Clement VII., 509;

a new edict, 519;

a new placard demands delivery of Lutheran books, on pain of

death, 524;

martyrs, 525-528;

Mary queen of Hungary regent, 529;

increase of evangelicals, 531;

the Bible eagerly read, 534;

a new edict of persecution, 534, 535;

night arrests, 535;

martyrs, 537, 538;

lasting effects of these persecutions, 538;

the Enthusiasts, 538, 539;

their influence and pretensions, 540;

arms found in their possession, 541;

origin of the Reformation in, 544 _sqq._;

its progress, 545;

general persecution, 552; viii. 85;

troubles caused by the Spiritualists, 348, 349

_Neuchâtel_, iii. 305, 307;

evangelical faith established in, 307;

offers troops to Geneva, iv. 317;

gives help to Geneva, v. 323;

the men forbidden to go by De Prangins, 323;

the muster, 324;

again forbidden, 325;

part return, 326;

the volunteers betrayed, 330;

battle of Gingins, 333;

auxiliaries entrapped, 349;

troubles in the church, vii. 49

_Nevil_, Sir Edward, charged with treason and executed, viii. 152

_Nicholson_, John. [_Lambert_]

_Nicolai_, Lawrence, Jesuit, sent to Sweden, vii. 333

_Nidau_, the heroine of, v. 321

'_Nils Sture_,' pretender to Swedish crown, vii. 278;

detected, escapes to Norway, 279

_Noircarmes_, envoy of Charles V., ii. 70

_Norfolk_, Duke of, President of the Council, iv. 5, 38;

conveys to Pole the king's offers of English sees, 70, 90;

recalled from Italy, 138, 176; v. 49;

hostility to Queen Anne, 127;

member of commission of inquiry into her conduct, 135;

informs her of charges against her, 139;

conducts her to the Tower, 140;

sent to examine her, 149;

on commission for trial of Weston, Norris, etc., 154;

presides at trial of Queen Anne, 155;

pronounces sentence of death, 157;

sent to Princess Mary, 178;

commands against insurgents in the North, 208;

his proclamation to them, 211;

sent to Berwick to watch Scotland, vi. 114;

his reports, 114, 115;

enters Scotland and retires, 140;

presents the Six Articles to the house of peers, viii. 181;

quarrels with Cromwell, 186;

envoy to France, 200;

accuses Cromwell of treason, 209;

in favor with the king, 210;

examines Cromwell in the Tower, 217, 218;

sent with Cranmer to examine the queen as to charges against her,

250;

retires to Kenninghall, 253;

writes to the king, 253;

one of the presidents at burning of Anne Askew, 283;

chief of the Catholic party, 299;

his proposals to the Seymours, 299;

charges against him and his son investigated, 300;

committed to the Tower, 301;

the king's delegates at Kenninghall, 301 _sqq._;

depositions taken, 303, 304;

declared guilty of high treason, 304;

in the Tower, 305;

his letter to the king, 305;

his confession, 305;

bill of attainder passed, 306

_Norfolk_, Duchess-dowager of, sent to the Tower, viii. 253;

pardoned, 254

_Norman_, George, governor to sons of Gustavus Vasa, vii. 318, 319;

the high position assigned to him, 319

_Norris_, Henry, charge against him, v. 133;

at Tournament at Greenwich, 138;

arrest of, 139;

examined, 148;

indicted, 154;

tried and sentenced to death, 154;

beheaded, 159

_Northumberland_, Duke of, denies pre-contract of marriage

between Anne Boleyn and himself, v. 153;

one of her judges, 156;

refuses to join Pilgrimage of Grace, 207;

his conference with Bothwell as to intervention of Henry VIII. in

Scotland, vi. 86

_Norway_, receives Christian II. as king, vii. 186;

Danish fleet sent against, 186;

loses its independence, 224;

state of the church in, 224;

constitution of the Danish church imposed in, 224

_Noyon_, i. 317; ii. 47

_Nürnberg, Peace of_, ii. 101; iv. 115; viii. 331

_Nürnberg_, the Gospel at, iv. 114, 188

_Nyon_, conference of Knights of the Spoon at, ii. 374

_Occhino_, Bernardino, iv. 427;

early life and character of, 428, 429;

joins the Capuchins, 429;

conflicts, 430;

his preaching, 431 _sqq._;

at Naples, 467;

forbidden to preach, 473

_Odensee_, Diet of, vii. 162 _sqq._

_Odin_, vii. 120

_Œcolampadius_, i. 365, 367; iii. 84;

Waldensian deputation to, 247;

condemns divorce of Henry VIII., iv. 42

_Oldenburg_, Count of, at the head of the Lübeckers in Denmark,

vii. 207, 208;

enters Copenhagen, 208;

conquers Zealand, 208;

gets Christian II. recognized as king, 208, 209;

his demands on Copenhagen, 212;

submits to Christian III., 215

_Olivétan_, Pierre Robert, his character and scholarship, i. 388;

intercourse with Calvin, 389, 398;

tutor at Geneva, ii. 455;

his missionary zeal, 456 _sqq._;

a pioneer, 459;

his disappearance, 460;

speaks against the jubilee, 461;

forbidden to preach, 466, 467; iii. 275;

consulted by Farel, 275, 276;

summoned before episcopal council, 285;

assaulted before the council, 291;

banished, 293;

escapes, 296, 297;

promises to translate the Bible, 300, 301;

journey to the Pays de Vaud, 301 _sqq._;

assisted by Waldenses, 304;

his work, 356;

questions of translation, 358;

is refused permission to print his Bible, 358;

contradicts Dominican preacher, and is banished from Geneva, 363;

completes his French Bible, v. 272;

his translation compared with Lefèvre's, 272;

his death, vi. 463

_Opposition_, uses of, iii. 195

_Oratory of Divine Love_, founded at Rome, iv. 481, 482

_Orbe_, in the Jura, iii. 203;

sale of pardons at, 204;

history of, 205;

commission of Bernese and Friburgers appointed to arrange

differences, 212 [_Farel_];

evangelical worship established, 231;

tumult at, 243

_Ordinances, Ecclesiastical_, The, of Geneva, projected by

Calvin, vii. 60;

submitted to the councils, 61;

Calvin's concessions, 62;

adopted, 62, 63;

their aim, 63 _sqq._;

view of the ministry, 66, 67;

of schools and charities, 68, 69;

of election of pastors, 70, 71;

of teachers, 71;

of elders, 72, 73;

the Consistory, 72, 73;

preaching declared the chief duty of the pastors, 73;

public prayers, 75;

functions of the elders, 75;

severity of discipline, 75, 76;

subjects before the Consistory, 99 _sqq._

_Orebro, Synod of_, vii. 299;

authority of Scripture recognized, 300;

regulations for preaching and schools, 300;

reduction of Saints' Days, 301;

compromise as to rites and ceremonies, 302;

'Form of Reformation' signed, 302

_Orléans_, ii. 1;

students at university of, 3;

democratic spirit, 3;

early heretics at, 12;

conversion of wife of the provost, 272 _sqq._;

the provost and the monks, 273;

apparition in the convent, 275;

inquest on the spirit, 277;

appeal of the provost to the king, 278;

commission appointed, arrest of the monks, 278;

confession of the novice, 280;

the monks condemned, 281;

University of, declares for divorce of Henry VIII., iv. 40

_Orsières_, Pierre de, i. 90;

head of deputation to John the Bastard, 90;

imprisoned by him, 90

_Orsières_, Hugonin d', i. 90

_Osiander_, intercourse of, with Cranmer, iv. 114;

at Nürnberg, 188

_Ousberghen_, Jan van, pastor at Louvain, vii. 549, 551, 553

_Ousberghen_, Justus van, vii. 569, 570;

arrested, 570;

his trial, 571;

imprisoned, 572;

before the Judges, 573;

his martyrdom, 574

_Oxford, University of_, appealed to by Henry VIII. on his

divorce, iv. 33;

opposition, 34;

disputations, 34;

voting, and the sentence, 36;

disowns papal supremacy, v. 25;

state and visitation of, 84

_Oxford_, Society of friends of the Gospel at, viii. 264;

fourteen arrested by Dr. London, prosecution of Testwood, Filmer,

and Pierson, 264;

their martyrdom, 266.

[_Marbeck_]

_Paderborn_, the arrest and threatened execution of

Evangelicals at, by Elector of Cologne, viii. 330;

appeal of women, and pardon of the prisoners, 330

_Padua_, University of, declares for divorce of Henry VIII., iv. 41

_Paleario_, Aonio, lectures at Sienna, iv. 435;

his birth and education, 435;

quits Rome, goes to Sienna, 436;

his poem on immortality, 437;

conversion, 437;

his marriage, and family, 438;

love of nature, 438;

friendship with Bellantes, 439;

hated by the monks, 440;

a plot against him, 440;

catechized by monks, 441;

goes to Rome, 441;

returns to his family, 443;

accused of heresy, 443;

a deputation to the archbishop against him, 443, 444;

trial before the senate, 446;

his defence, 447 _sqq._;

acquitted, 451, 476

_Palladius_, bishop of Zealand, vii. 222, 224

_Pallavicini_, Battista, iv. 41

_Panter_, Master David, arrives in Scotland, with abbot of

Paisley, vi. 167

_Pantheism_, of the Spirituals, iii. 79 _sqq._

_Papacy_, The, in danger, ii. 294.

_Papists and Protestants_, three of each sent to the stake

together, viii. 227 _sqq._

_Paradis_, Paul, accused by Beda, ii. 230

_Pardon, General_, A, posted up in Geneva, ii. 463

_Paris_, decree of the parliament against Lutherans, i. 331;

martyrs at, 347 _sqq._;

synod, 415;

image of the Virgin mutilated, 423 _sqq._;

the new learning at, ii. 50;

secret meetings of evangelicals, 55;

university of, 59;

carnival, 112;

agitation caused by Lutheran preaching, 119;

reforming itself, 134;

satires of the students, 135;

suspense, 139;

flight of evangelicals from, 213;

Lutheran preaching at, 227;

prohibited, 228;

private meetings, 228, 229;

the _placards_ posted up, iii. 97;

the parliament convoked, 108;

arrests, 110;

martyrs, 118;

fugitives, 121;

Procession of Relics, 127;

martyrs, 137, 141;

Terror, 143;

persecution of Lutherans, iv. 258;

martyrs at, viii. 46, 47

_Parker_, Matthew, account of, v. 122;

named almoner to Queen Anne, 123;

his subsequent history, 123, 124;

Princess Elizabeth commended to his care, 133

_Parr_, Catherine, Queen of Henry VIII., viii. 262;

favors the Reformation, 262;

accusations against her, 284;

her zeal, 285, 286;

attentions to the king, 286;

her friends examined by Gardiner and Wriothesley, 289;

distress on discovery of the plot, 291;

visited by Henry, 293;

visits him, 293;

her declaration, 293 _sqq._;

her arrest prevented, 296

_Partridge_, Nicholas. [_Students, English_]

_Pascual_, Matthew, takes part in disputation at Alcala, viii. 14;

imprisoned by the Inquisition, 15

_Pau_, iii. 26

_Paul III._, Pope, iii. 156;

account of, iv. 354;

promises a council, intends reform, 354, 366, 485;

creates cardinals, 487;

attempts at reform, 489;

persecutes the reformers, 490; v. 3, 48;

withdraws decree of Clement VII. against Henry VIII., 58;

creation of cardinals, 64;

indignant at execution of Fisher, 76;

his bull against Henry, 76;

receives news of divorce of Queen Anne, 161;

desires alliance of England, 172, 173;

supports Duke of Savoy against Geneva, 302, 314;

proposes to Duke of Ferrara expulsion of the French, 442;

proposes alliance between the emperor and the kings of France and

Scotland for invasion of England, vi. 109;

sends Cardinal Farnese to diet of Ratisbon, vii. 27;

his manifesto characterized, 36;

fears and hopes for England, viii. 147;

invites Pole to Rome, 148;

creates him cardinal with others, 149;

sends him as legate to France, 149;

willing to sanction marriage of Henry VIII. with duchess of

Milan, 175;

publishes the bull against Henry, 175;

forms alliance with the emperor and the king of France, 181;

his irritation against Henry VIII. 255;

subsidizes Francis I., 269

_Paulet_, William, on commission of inquiry about Anne Boleyn, v. 136

_Paulsen_, Oegmund, bishop of Skalholt, vii. 225;

his quarrel with the bishop of Holum, 226;

victor in single combat, 226;

sends Einarsen to Copenhagen, 228;

resigns the see to Einarsen, 228;

accused of murder, his death, 229

_Pave_, Master, directs execution of Bainham, iv. 109;

his despair, 110;

he hangs himself, 111

_Pavia_, introduction of works of reformers at, iv. 408

_Pavia_, battle of, i. 276, 323;

news of in Spain, 324;

effect of, in Europe, 325, 328, 345, 346; iv. 321

_Payerne_, diet of, ii. 432;

meeting of evangelicals at, 470;

their letter to Geneva, 470

_Pays de Vaud_, The, iii. 198;

conquest of, by Bernese, spread of the Reformation in, vi. 228;

a disputation appointed, 232;

the project opposed by Friburg, 233;

and by Charles V., 233 [_Lausanne_];

image-worship suppressed, 263;

Bernese ordinances, 263;

edict of reformation, 272;

the pastors forbidden to admit Calvin and Farel to their

colloquies, 372

_Pécolat_, Jean, i. 72;

his character and position, 77, 78;

his saying about the bishop, 78;

accused of attempt to poison the Bastard, 79;

stratagem for his arrest, 79;

seized and imprisoned, 80;

put to the torture, 81, 82;

report of his death, 82, 87, 89, 90, 92, 93;

his trial, 94;

new examination, 95;

threatened with the torture, 95;

declared innocent, 95;

handed over to the priests, 96;

again threatened with torture, 96;

the demon in his beard, 97;

tries to cut out his tongue, 97;

Bonivard's intervention, 99;

appeal on his behalf to archbishop of Vienne, 99;

removed to Peney, 102;

his release demanded by the archbishop, 103, 104;

liberated, 106, 107;

the order countermanded, 106;

his triumphal return to Geneva, 107;

his dumbness, 108;

his depositions produced at Berthelier's trial, 112, 161, 205,

214, 267, 271, 276;

becomes a bishoper, ii. 333;

a fray, 337;

proscribed by the bishop, iii. 440

_Pécolat_, Stephen, i. 99, 103

_Pellican_, Conrad, vii. 439;

teaches Alasco, 439

_Pellicier_, ii. 65

_Pelliez_, Claude, preaches against Froment at Geneva, iii. 330, 331

_Pempflinger_, Mark, Count, protects evangelists in

Transylvania, vii. 350;

commanded by the king to extirpate heresy, 355;

resolves to appeal to the king, 359;

saves evangelicals from the monks, 361

_Peney_, Castle of, its brigands, v. 238, 239;

Genevese attack on, repulsed, 241;

burnt, 393

_Pennet_, Claude, iv. 232;

assassinates Berger, 233;

in hiding, 235;

seized, 238;

his execution, 241

_Pennet_, Pierre, iv. 202;

gives evidence against Maisonneuve, 270

_Pennet_, the jailer, iv. 232;

assassinates N. Porral, 233;

in hiding, 241;

escapes to Savoy, 241

_Perceval_, Claude, iii. 78

_Perenyi_, Peter, magnate of Hungary, becomes a Lutheran, vii. 368;

adopts views of Zwinglius, 389

_Perrin_, Ami, iii. 277, 296, 314;

supports Froment, 319, 331, 332;

receives Froment, 348;

attacks agent of the priests, 411;

leads Huguenots in the fight in the Molard, 416;

proscribed by the bishop, 439;

seized and imprisoned, 441, 457; iv. 205, 235; v. 283;

takes part in breaking images in the cathedral, 285, 287;

leader in campaign against idols, 289;

complaint against him at the council, vi. 344;

commissioned to arrange for return of Calvin, vii. 3;

assists Calvin in preparing constitution of a church, 56

_Persecution_, impious, iii. 1;

Roman, 3

_Pertemps_, Claude, assists Calvin in drawing up constitution

of a church, vii. 56

_Perth_, account of evangelicals at, vi. 177 _sqq._;

persecution by Cardinal Beatoun, 180;

agitation in the town, 181

_Pescara_, Marquis of, i. 324

_Peter of Savoy_, his early life, i. 15;

created Earl of Richmond by Henry III. of England, 16;

seizes castle of Geneva, 16;

assumes protectorate of Geneva, 16;

rejected, 17;

his death, 17

_Peter of Savoy_, bishop of Geneva, i. 21

_Petersen_, Geble, bishop of Bergen, declares for the

Reformation, vii. 224

_Peterson_, Lawrence, his birth and character, vii. 232;

chooses the study of theology, 233;

at Strengnaes, 237;

witnesses the massacre of Stockholm, 239;

narrowly escapes, 239;

with Olaf at his father's funeral, 242 _sqq._;

before Gustavus, 258;

Professor of Theology at Upsala, 260;

cited before the chapter, 263;

excommunicated, 264;

his character, 305;

elected primate, 306;

marries the king and crowns the queen, 307;

hated by the canons of Upsala, 307;

betrothed to a kinswoman of Gustavus, 307;

conspiracies of the canons against him, 307;

devotion to his work, 312;

marries Gustavus to a second wife, 312;

assailed by Burrey, 326;

opposes Burrey's views on the Supper, 327;

offers no opposition to ordinance re-establishing Romanism, 333;

his death, 333

_Peterson_, Olaf, his birth and character, vii. 232;

scenery of Orebro, 233;

chooses the study of theology, 233;

sets out for Rome, 235;

hears of Luther and goes to Wittenberg, 235;

becomes a friend of Luther, 235;

his zeal and attainments, 236;

sails for Stockholm and is driven to Gothland, 236;

gets the seller of indulgences expelled, 236;

reaches home, settles at Strengnaes, 237;

deacon, and chancellor of the bishop, 237;

begins the Reformation in Sweden, 237;

attractiveness of his teaching, 238;

witnesses the massacre of Stockholm, 239;

narrowly escapes, 239;

his influence over Lawrence Anderson, 240;

his preaching opposed by Dr. Nils, 240;

visits Orebro and attends his father's funeral, 241, 242;

discussions with his mother, 242;

denounced with his brother by the Carmelites, 243;

hostility of Bishop Brask, 244;

preaches at Strengnaes, 256;

before Gustavus, 258;

preacher at Stockholm and secretary of the town, 260;

his character, 260;

violently assailed, 261;

cited before the chapter of Upsala, 263;

excommunicated, 264;

marries, 267;

excommunicated by Brask, 268;

translates the New Testament, 269;

trial of, demanded by the primate, 274;

public disputation with Peter Galle, 274 _sqq._;

declared victor, 276;

discussion with Galle at Westeraas, 290;

deputy with Anderson to the king, 291;

proclaims Gustavus king, 298;

assists at synod of Orebro, 299;

insists on recognition of authority of the Scriptures, 300;

his concessions, 302;

superintendent of schools at Stockholm, 304;

offends the king, 309, 310;

compared with Gustavus, 310;

his complaints, 310;

loses the king's friendship, 311;

rebukes the king, 312;

his proceedings about the mock-suns, 313;

charges against him, 314, 315;

condemned to death, 316;

ransomed, 316;

preaches again, 317;

he submits to the king, 317

_Petit_, Jacques, deputy of the Sorbonne, ii. 287

_Petit_, John, iv. 18;

in the Tower, 79;

visited by Fryth, 149

_Petit_, Peter, vii. 125

_Petit_, William, bishop of Senlis, ii. 73;

translates Margaret's revised prayer-book, 73

_Peto_, his invective against Henry VIII., iv. 104;

summoned before the council, 105

_Petre_, Dr., at Convocation of clergy, v. 184

_Petrovich_, Count Peter, guardian of John Sigismund Zapolya, vii.

390;

promotes the Reformation, 411

_Philibert_, the Fair, corrupts the Genevese, i. 58

_Philiberta_ of Savoy, i. 34;

her marriage with Julian de' Medici, 49

_Philip_, Archduke of Austria, viii. 126, 127;

marries Joanna of Spain, 128;

protests against assumption of government of Castile by Ferdinand,

131;

goes with Joanna to Spain, 131;

meets Ferdinand, 132;

agreement with him, 133;

his death, 134, 139

_Philip_, Landgrave of Hesse, ii. 71, 100, 101;

his character, 221;

supports Christopher of Würtemberg, subsidy promised by France,

221, 222;

Luther and Melanchthon sent to dissuade him, 222, 223;

meets Francis I. at Bar-le-Duc, 224;

explains to him affairs of Germany, 224;

concludes a treaty, 226;

his cautious proceedings, 248;

opposition to his scheme, 249;

marches against Austria, 252;

defeats imperial army, 253;

on Austrian frontier, 253;

concludes peace, 255;

makes treaty with Zurich and Basel, 420;

takes Munster, iv. 374;

delegates of, at conference with du Bellay, 398;

receives embassy from Henry VIII., v. 109;

alliance concluded, 110;

founds university of Marburg, vi. 31;

invests Munster, viii. 347;

takes it and puts an end to reign of Spiritualists, 349, 350;

his lenient measures, 351

_Philip_, Count of Genevois, leads unsuccessful attack on Geneva,

i. 171;

enters with the army, 173;

named governor, 175;

disarms the people, 175, 176.

[_Nemours_, Duke of]

_Philip_ (_Lackland_) of Savoy, i. 22;

his quarrel with his mother, 23;

captures her treasures, 24;

interview with his father at Geneva, 25;

his marriages, and accession to the throne of Piedmont, 48

_Philip_, Thomas, imprisoned for heresy, iv. 179;

discharged by parliament, 179

_Philip_, bishop of Utrecht, vii. 504, 510;

his death, 514

_Philippe_, Jean, Syndic of Geneva, i. 219;

his character, 227;

provides a 'mystery,' 227;

resists claims of duke of Savoy, 267, 270;

elected syndic, 300 _sqq._, 302, 304;

appointed commander of auxiliaries for Berne, ii. 442;

as captain-general, attempts to stop Catholic insurgents, and is

struck down, iii. 387;

wounds Bellessert, 387, 397;

assailed by Mamelukes, 449; iv. 186, 308;

his feud with Sept, v. 317;

resigns, 318;

refuses to go to preaching, vi. 225;

at the council, 345;

elected syndic, 361;

attends synod of Lausanne, 373;

intrigues with Cardinal de Tournon at Lyons, 479;

named Captain-general, 517;

his character, 519;

heads a riot, 521;

conceals himself, 522;

arrested, 522;

his trial, 523;

executed, 523

_Philips_, Harry, Gardiner's agent in plot against Tyndale,

v. 35 _sqq._;

consults imperial government, 37;

procures arrest of Tyndale, 38 _sqq._;

denounces Poyntz, 220

_Picard_, Pérot. [_Wingle_]

_Picardy_, Vaudois in, i. 349;

study of the Scriptures in, 388

_Piedmont_, beginning of Reformation in, iv. 412

_Pierrefleur_, P. de., iii. 205;

deputy to Friburg, 212, 229;

procures liberation of priests at Orbe, 230

_Pilgrimage of Grace_, v. 206;

compared with peasant revolt in Germany, 207;

supported by the nobles, 207;

the king's energy, 208;

agitation in London, 208;

siege of Skipton Castle, 209;

Lancaster herald sent to the rebels, 209;

the march southward, 210;

proclamation of Norfolk, 211;

conditions of peace, 212;

the rebels disperse, 212

'_Placards_,' ii. 135, 136;

at Paris, iii. 92;

Farel's, 95;

discussion about, 95, 96;

posted up, 97;

contents, 97 _sqq._;

character of, 102;

effect of, 104;

posted on the king's door, 106;

effects of, iv. 350

_Plater_, Felix, iii. 191

_Plater_, Thomas, printer, iii. 166, 167;

prints Calvin's _Institutes_, 191;

and his letter to the king, 191

_Plato's_ 'Philetes,' i. 303

_Pluralism_, and non-residence abolished in England, iv. 18, 19

_Poille_, arrested, iii. 112;

martyrdom, 120 _sqq._

_Pointet_, Master, ii. 229;

his martyrdom, iii. 69

_Poitiers_, Calvin at, iii. 44 _sqq._

_Poland_, beginning of Reformation in, vii. 421, 422;

project of reform presented to the Diet, 422;

state of the country, 423;

Luther's works known, 423;

Dantzic, 424 _sqq._;

Thorn, 429;

Cracow, 430;

a middle party, 430, 431;

progress of the Reformation, 431

_Pole_, Reginald, account of, iv. 69;

rejects the king's offers of promotion and condemns the divorce,

70, 71;

permitted to leave England, 71;

his influence on Flaminio, 481, 482;

made cardinal, 487; v. 14;

laments More, 75, 174;

his defence of unity of the church quoted, 174 _sqq._;

ordered to return to England, 177, 191;

takes part in insurrection of the North, 212;

quoted, viii. 148;

invited by Paul III., goes to Rome and is made cardinal, 149;

the creation criticised in England, 149;

nominated cardinal-legate, 149;

his mission, 149;

declared a rebel by Henry VIII., 149;

expelled from France, 150;

writes to Cromwell, 150;

his courier arrested by order of the emperor, 150;

attempts to communicate with English ambassadors, 151;

demands audience of the regent of the Netherlands, 151;

returns to Rome, 152;

his reception, 152;

fatal consequences of his mission, 152

_Polish translation_ of New Testament by Seclucyan, vii. 424

_Pomerania_, beginning of Reformation in, viii. 315;

struggles, 328;

the duke at Wittenberg, 328;

his sons, 328;

a church organized by Pomeranus, 329

_Pomeranus_ (Bugenhagen) ii. 99;

account of him, vii. 221;

invited to Denmark to organize the evangelical church, 221;

reorganizes the university, 221;

crowns the king and queen, 222;

consecrates evangelical bishops, 222;

invited to Dantzic, 427; viii. 188;

his birth and early life, 315;

reads Luther's _Babylonish Captivity_, 316;

goes to Wittenberg, 316;

professor and pastor, 317;

a church organizer, 317;

at Brunswick, 320;

at Hamburg, 321

_Ponce de la Fuente_, Constantine, account of, viii. 27, 28;

interview with Egidius, 28;

union and division of labor with him and Vargas, 29;

his freedom from vanity, 30;

declines promotion, 30;

his eloquence, 32, 33;

appointed chaplain to Charles V., 34;

accompanies Philip to the Netherlands, 35

_Pontanus_ (_Bruck_), interview with Melanchthon, iv. 382;

at conference with Du Bellay, 398

_Ponthus de St. George_, abbot of Valence, iii. 55;

invites Calvin, 56;

becomes a Lutheran, 57

_Pontverre_, lord of. [_Ternier_]

_Pope of Rome_, The, his pretensions, i. 396;

penalties of _præmunire_ imposed on recognition of his

authority in England, v. 179

_Pope_, Sir Thomas, v. 72, 73

_Porral_, Ami, syndic of Geneva, i. 93, 94, 256, 292, 296; ii. 333,

468;

visits Farel, iii. 277;

elected syndic, v. 394;

requires attendance on preaching, vi. 224;

attends disputation of Lausanne, 237;

with Goulaz, charged to maintain good morals in the city, 289;

his zeal ridiculed by the youth, 290;

persecuted, 469;

charges De la Mare with heresy, vii. 3;

assists Calvin in preparing constitution of a church, 56;

sickness and death, 107-110

_Porral_, Nicholas, assassinated by Pennet, iv. 232, 233

_Porter_, sent to Newgate for reading Bible, dies there, viii. 241

_Portier_, episcopal secretary, iv. 231, 235;

in hiding, 237;

seized, 238;

his papers discovered, 239;

tried, 241, 242;

condemned to death, 256

_Portugal_, i. 219;

'fashions of,' 221

_Possevin_, Antoine, Jesuit, in Sweden, receives John III. into

the Romish communion, vii. 338;

his influence over Swedish church, 338

_Poyntz_, Thomas, receives Tyndale, v. 29;

attempt of Gardiner's agent to gain him, 37;

friendship with Tyndale, 218;

letter to his brother on behalf of Tyndale, 218;

applies to Cromwell, 219;

denounced by Philips, 220;

escapes to England, 220

_Præmunire, statute of_, enforcement of, against the clergy,

threatened by Henry VIII., iv. 62;

averted, 66;

penalties of, inflicted for recognition of papal authority, v. 179

_Pragmatic Sanction_, ii. 245

_Prierias_, his book against Luther, i. 120

_Priesthood_, formal, ii. 26

_Priests_, immorality of, i. 43;

complaints at Geneva, 44, 45;

encroachments of, ii. 239, 397, 398;

sentence against, 398, 399;

priests and pastors, vi. 218

_Primer_, The, circulated by Cranmer, v. 130

_Prince-bishop_ of Geneva, the first, i. 13;

popular election of the, 14;

evils of temporal power of the bishops, 309, 310;

church power of, questioned, 310;

concession of civil jurisdiction, ii. 328;

authority of, questioned, 329;

fall of, iv. 193

_Printers and Booksellers_, flight of, from Paris, iii. 123

_Printing_, abolition of, in France, iii. 140

_Progress_, of all kinds, produced by the Reformation, viii. 313

_Prophetess_, A, i. 204

_Protestantism_, and Freedom, i. 3;

two kinds of, iii. 356

_Purgatory_, iv. 141, 400

_Quintin_, one of the Spirituals, iii. 78;

encounters Calvin, 78, 79, 81

_Ramel_, J. L., syndic of Geneva, i. 111, 205, 271; iii. 333

_Ramus_, Peter, iii. 158, 179

_Rantzau_, John, tutor to the son of Christian II., accompanies

him to Germany, vii. 147;

won over to Lutheranism, 148;

drives the Lübeckers out of Jutland, 212;

charged to arrest the bishops, 217

_Rastell_, iv. 141;

Fryth's regard for, 147;

his conversion by Fryth's treatise, 148

_Ratisbon_, Conference at, iv. 371; viii. 55, 56, 102

_Raveleson_, James, a Protestant of Perth, vi. 178, 179;

seized and condemned to death by Cardinal Beatoun, 181;

hung, 181

_Reading Abbey_, visited by Henry VIII., v. 78;

the abbot sent to the Tower, 79

_Reff_, Johan, bishop of Opsloe, accepts the Reformation, vii. 224

_Reformation_, The, spread of, in Switzerland, i. 310;

beginnings of, at Geneva, 310;

in France, 316, 317;

its work, 318;

Calvin's idea, 319;

necessity for the three principles of Luther, Zwinglius and

Calvin, 320;

Margaret of Angoulême's plan, 341;

prepares for unity, 357;

conversion its fundamental act, 402;

opposed by parliament of Paris and by the Sorbonne, 403;

the dominant force, 410;

contained germ of modern liberties, 416;

sources of, ii. 13, 15;

substitutes evangelical for Roman church, 26;

advances in France, 67;

cross currents in Germany, 96;

auxiliaries of, 135;

progress, 138, 183, 184;

proposed fusion with Catholicism, 245;

begun in Würtemberg, 255;

question between Rome and the Reformation, 297;

need of, 299 _sqq._;

brings about union of faith and morality, 319;

beginning of, at Geneva, negative, 387;

'de Christo meditari,' 437;

nature of, 453;

negative Protestantism not enough, 454;

general awakening of the West, iii. 7, 8;

in South of France, 19;

its teachings, 49;

friendly to Science, 61, 62;

a creation, 171;

stagnation after first struggles, 197;

importance of, 198;

benefits women, 208;

the scriptural, iv. 2;

internal and external, 2;

character of, in England, 2, 3;

wrought by the Scriptures and evangelical men, 92;

part played by England and by Geneva in, 184;

evangelical preaching ordered at Geneva, 196;

beginning of, in Italy, 406;

in England conduces to general prosperity, v. 103;

origin of, in England, 120;

protests of, 283, 298;

the originators of, vii. 114, 115;

Calvin its lawgiver, 115, 116;

one of the secondary epochs, 119;

the revived Gospel, 523;

its method and results, viii. 311, 312;

originated all kinds of progress, 313, 314

_Regnault_, Francis, printer, viii. 177;

his Bibles seized by the Inquisition and himself prohibited from

printing more, 178;

the presses, types, &c., seized by Cromwell's agents and taken to

London, 178

_Regnier de la Planche_, Pierre, invites Calvin, iii. 48;

gained to Protestantism, 49

_Reinhard_, Martin, sent to Denmark, vii. 130;

preaches in German, 131;

burlesqued at instigation of the priests, 131, 132;

deprived of interpreter, leaves off preaching, 132;

his report to Luther, 133

_Reinhold_, Matthew, envoy to Francis I., ii. 71;

questioned by courtiers, 71

_Relics_, ridiculed by Genevese, ii. 385;

procession of, at Paris, iii. 126 _sqq._

_Rémond_, Florimond de, on Calvin, ii. 16, 27 _note_; iii. 16

_Renaissance_, The, i. 380, 383; ii. 299

_Renée_ of France, duchess of Ferrara, iii. 193;

her early life, iv. 425;

marries duke of Ferrara, 426;

her character and tastes, 426;

the scholars gathered around her, 427; and v. 420;

expects Calvin, iv. 489;

receives him with du Tillet, v. 421;

deprived by the duke of her French friends, 442, 443;

rescue of Calvin ascribed to her, 446

_Rénier_, Stephen, burnt, i. 430;

defence of, by Maisonneuve, iv. 264

_Rennsburg_, Dominican, opposes the Reformation at Hamburg, viii. 320

_Resby_, John, burnt at Perth, vi. 5

_Resistance_, Right of, in the Middle Ages, ii. 336

_Reva_, Francis, vii. 389, 400

_Revett_, William, envoy with Carne to the pope, v. 3, 4

_Revival_, religious, epochs of, ii. 102

_Rhodius_, John, vii. 501, 510

_Riccio_, Bartolomeo, iv. 427

_Rich_, Richard, conducts prosecution of Cromwell, viii. 215;

takes part in torture of Anne Askew, 281

_Richardet_, Claude, i. 93, 94, 206;

elected syndic, 241;

calls Boulet to account and assaults him, 258;

commands auxiliaries for Friburg, ii. 442;

refuses to go to preaching, vi. 224;

elected syndic, 361;

introduces French agents into the city, 363;

takes part in riot under Philippe, 519;

killed, 524

_Richerme_, put to the torture, iv. 324

_Ridicule_, in controversy, iii. 406

_Rillaert_, Matthew van, vii. 550

_Ritter_, Erasmus, vi. 326, 327, 367;

one of the presidents of synod of Lausanne, 374;

advocate for Calvin and Farel at Geneva, 434

_Robert de la Marche_, his sons at Paris, i. 371;

invite Farel, 372

_Rochford_, Lord, envoy to Francis I., ii. 151.

[Wiltshire, Earl of]

_Rochford_, Lady, plots against Queen Anne, v. 126, 127, 134;

viii. 253;

condemned and executed, 254

_Rochford_, Lord, charge against him, v. 134;

at Greenwich tournament, 138;

arrest of, 139;

examined, 148;

condemned to death, 159;

beheaded, 159

_Roennov_, Joachim, chosen bishop of Roeskilde, vii. 168;

investigates persecution of Lutheran preachers, 182;

threatened by the populace, 202;

saved by Tausen, 203;

sanctions evangelical preaching at Copenhagen, 204;

his futile attempt to persecute, 205;

takes oath of allegiance to Christian II., 208;

arrested, 217;

refuses to submit, his death, 221

_Rogers_, assists Tyndale in translation of the Bible, v. 215;

gets the Bible printed, 215, 216

_Rogers_, John, preacher, his imprisonment and death, vi. 182

_Romain_, Mark, iii. 204;

procures liberation of Hollard, 209;

assaulted by the women, 210

_Rome_, ecclesiastical corruption at, i. 118;

causes assigned, 119;

sack of, ii. 319

_Rome_, Church of, a persecuting power, iii. 3;

its character in the 16th century, vi. 42;

action of, in Hungary, contrasted with that of Islamism, vii. 406

_sqq._, 414-416

_Roovere_, Paul van, vii. 549;

arrested, 556;

recants and is imprisoned, 561

_Roper_, Margaret, v. 16;

visits her father in the Tower, 46;

again, 62;

after his sentence, 70, 71;

last offices, 72

_Roset_, Claude, i. 271;

visits Farel, iii. 277, 397

_Roset_, Michel, i. 88, 210, 267

_Rosselli_, Lucio Paolo, writes to Melanchthon, iv. 411;

defends him, 412

_Rottmann_, Bernard, preaches at Munster, viii. 333, 334;

marries, 334;

joins the Spirituals, 337;

killed at siege of Munster, 349

_Rough_, John, chaplain to Earl of Arran, vi. 156;

outcry against him, 156;

dismissed, 168

_Roussel_, Gerard, i. 332;

recalled to France, 362;

at Paris, 367;

his weakness, 370, 371;

interview with sons of Robert de la Marche, 371, 380, 412; ii.

56, 93;

declines to preach in Paris, 113;

preaches in the Louvre, 115 _sqq._;

denounced by the Sorbonne, 120;

confined to his house by the king's order, 124;

the order revoked, 130;

his timidity, 134, 138;

forbidden to preach, 228;

burning of, demanded by Beda, 232;

refused by the king, 232;

debate with Beda in the prison, 232;

set free, 234;

appointed to preach at Notre Dame, 238;

prevented by the populace, 239;

at Nérac, iii. 21;

compromise, 22;

interview with Calvin, 23;

celebrates the Lord's Supper at Pau, 27;

arrested, 113;

before the king, 117;

sent to a convent, 124;

made bishop of Oleron, v. 438

_Roxas_, Don Domingo de, influenced by Carranza's teaching, viii.

114;

adopts doctrines of the reformers, 114;

conversations with Carranza, 117

_Rozet_, Claude, banished from Geneva, vi. 407;

superseded as secretary to the Council, 438;

ordered to give up the Confession of Faith, 485;

assists Calvin in preparing constitution of a church, vii. 56

_Russel_, Jerome, imprisoned, vi. 120;

tried before archbishop of Glasgow, 121;

burnt, 123

_Russel_, Sir John, sent against insurgents of the North, v. 205

_Russia_, movements of reform in, vii. 432, 433

_Rythove_, Peter, summoned before the judges, escapes, vii. 558

_Sacraments_, The, views of Bucer, ii. 269;

discussed between the Sorbonne and the ministers, 291, 292

_Sadler_, Sir Ralph, ambassador of Henry VIII. to Scotland, vi.

124, 133;

charged to conclude marriage treaty between Prince Edward and

Queen Mary, 164;

his report of Beatoun's intrigues, 170;

insulted by the Scots, 170;

complains to the regent, 171;

demands the hostages and is refused, 171;

his letter to the regent, 174

_Sadoleto_, cardinal, iv. 392, 432, 437;

invites Paleario to Rome, 441;

defends him at Sienna, 445, 482;

made cardinal, 487;

account of, vi. 479;

at meeting of prelates at Lyons, 479;

his letter to Geneva, 480 _sqq._; viii. 149

_Sadolin_, of Viborg, professes Lutheranism, vii. 156;

first professor in the Free School, 156

_St. Andrews_, competitors for the see of, vi. 10;

its university, 19;

seizure of the castle by conspirators against Cardinal Beatoun,

211;

the castle unsuccessfully besieged by the regent, 215

_St. Anthony_, founder of monasticism, v. 97

_St. Anthony_ of Padua, his image broken, iv. 280

_St. Augustine_, Calvin's resemblance to, ii. 26

_St. Babolin_, image of, carried off by de Joye, i. 201

_St. Bernard_, cited, i. 43

_St. Clair_, Sir John, commissioner for suppression of lesser

monasteries, v. 100

_St. Claire_, convent of, Orbe, iii. 204

_St. Claire_, convent of, Geneva, burnt, ii. 425;

the Friburgers billeted in, 426;

processions and vigils of the nuns, 428;

pilgrimage to, 433;

another, 434 _sqq._;

pride of the nuns, 435;

alarm at Farel's teaching, iii. 280, 333;

sympathize with attack on Lutherans, 380, 422;

a midnight alarm, iv. 319, 320;

line of ramparts carried through the garden, 335;

the nuns invited to a disputation, v. 258;

their last mass, departure of father-confessor, 296;

Farel preaches to the nuns, 302;

departure of the nuns, 306

_St. Firmin_, martyr, story of, ii. 6

_St. George, Brotherhood of_, i. 135

_St. James_, _neuvaine_ in honor of, at Paris, ii. 122

_St. Jullien_, army of Savoy at, i. 162;

truce of, ii. 428

_St. Theresa_, viii. 7;

her friendship with John d'Avila, 7

_St. Thomas_ of Canterbury, iv. 207

_St. Victor_, Priory of, Geneva, i. 46, 185;

restored to Bonivard, 314; ii. 400, 401;

annexed to hospital of Geneva, 402;

ordered to be demolished, iv. 332, 333

_Saints_, intercession of, ii. 289, 290

_Saleneuve_, Sieur de, i. 146;

Savoyard ambassador to the Swiss diet, 153, 181, 291, 295, 297

_Salomon_, Claude, iii. 277, 331;

with Maisonneuve goes to Berne, 364, 365;

with Maisonneuve at Berne, 403; iv. 195;

his gentleness, 196, 235

_Sampson_, Richard, bishop of Chichester, his embarrassment at

Lambeth conference, viii. 154;

opposes prayers in the vulgar tongue, 161;

committed to the Tower, 162;

acknowledges alliance with Gardiner and others for defence of the

old religion, 162;

on the Thames with Bishop Tonstall, 102;

liberated, 162;

at Lambert's trial, 167, &c.

_Sancha de Carile_, viii. 8