_San Romano_, Francis, viii. 38;

at Antwerp, 49;

sent to Bremen, 49;

hears Spreng preach, 49;

his visits to him, and conversion, 50;

his resolve, 51;

writes to Charles V., 51;

schemes of his friends at Antwerp, 52;

returns to Antwerp and is seized by the monks, 52;

his books burnt, 53;

imprisoned, 54;

counsel of Enzinas to him, 54;

his fervency, 54;

at Ratisbon, has audience of Charles V., 55;

again imprisoned, 56;

harshly treated and removed, 56;

heroic endurance, 57;

in the dungeons of the Inquisition at Valladolid, 58, 121;

harsh treatment, 121;

condemned to be burnt, 122;

led to execution, 122;

burnt, 123;

declared to be damned, prayer for him prohibited, 124;

date of his martyrdom, 124 _n._;

results of his death, 125

_Sarrasin_, iii. 59, 60

_Sartorius_, John, vii. 532;

his conversion and zeal, 532, 533;

assailed by Crocus, 533;

his works, 533;

death, 534

_Saunier_, iii. 251;

accompanies Farel to the Pays de Vaud, 253;

reaches Geneva, 274;

interviews with Huguenots, 277 _sqq._;

appears before the town council, 282, 285, 286;

assaulted before episcopal council, 291;

banished, 293;

escapes with Farel, 294;

named director of College at Geneva, v. 310;

his success, vi. 296;

made a citizen, 297;

banished, 467;

edict of expulsion revoked, vii. 43

_Savoie_, Claude, syndic of Geneva, ii. 468; iii. 277, 333; iv. 195;

envoy to Lucerne, 343; v. 315;

at Berne, 316;

asks aid of Wildermuth, 321;

at Neuchâtel, 322;

on the march, 328;

goes to Coppet, 331;

seized by de Lullin, 341;

disappears, 345;

strikes a new coinage for Geneva, 360;

elected syndic, 394;

suspended from office for receiving letter from a French agent,

vi. 363;

imprisoned, 470;

escapes to Berne, 470;

renounces citizenship of Geneva, 470

_Savoy_, the House of, covets Geneva, i. 14, 15;

importance of struggle with Geneva, 15;

Peter of, 15, 16;

Amadeus V., 17, 18;

Amadeus VIII., 18, 20;

Peter, John Louis, 21;

Amadeus IX., Philip Lackland, 22;

Charles III., 29;

sides with the emperor, 276;

loses Geneva, 301, 302;

its rights threatened by Swiss alliance with Geneva, ii. 303;

deputation to Berne, 307

_Saxony_, the Reformation in, viii. 318

_Saxony_, John, Elector of, ii. 71, 100;

his death, 101;

John Frederick, Elector of, opposes alliance of Francis I. and

landgrave of Hesse, 222;

rejects overtures of Henry VIII., iv. 165;

gives audience to Melanchthon, 380;

refuses him leave to go to France, 382;

his character, 383;

his fear of Melanchthon's concessions, 386;

letter to him, 387;

letter to Francis I., 390;

goes to Smalcalde, 394;

gives audience to du Bellay, 395;

receives Barnes, envoy of Henry VIII., v. 108;

another embassy, 109;

alliance with Henry concluded, 110;

receives embassy from him, 117, 118

_Scala_, Julius Cæsar della. [_Scaliger_]

_Scaliger_, settles at Agen, ii. 77

_Schässburg_, Conference of, vii. 384, 385, 394

_Schleswig_, duchy of, the Reformation established in, vii. 224

_Schoener_, George, envoy to France, iv. 322

_Scholasticism_, fall of, at Oxford, v. 84

_Schools_, evangelization of, iii. 60, 61

_Schweinfurth_ on the Maine, Conference at, ii. 97 _sqq._

_Sclercx_, Catherine, before the Judges, vii. 557

_Scotland_, the Reformation in, i. 5;

two periods, vi. 3;

impulses from the South, 4;

the Culdees, 4, 5;

the Lollards, 5;

the Hussites, 5;

struggle between the king and the nobles, 6;

first glimmerings of the Reformation, 6;

Campbell of Cessnock, 6, 7;

war with England, Flodden, 9;

conflicts of king, priests and nobles, 9;

election of a bishop, 10;

election of priests, 10;

Alesius, 11;

Patrick Hamilton, 13;

beginning of the Reformation, 18;

the writings of Luther prohibited by the parliament, and ordered

to be confiscated, 21;

flight of Beatoun, 24;

Tyndale's New Testament imported, 25;

preaching of Patrick Hamilton, 45 _sqq._

[_Angus_, Earl of, _James V._, _Hamilton_, Patrick,

_Beatoun_, Primate];

the nobles deprived of their jurisdiction, a _College of

Justice_ set up, 85;

their project of a union with England, 86;

the New Testament proscribed, 90;

skirmishes on the Marches, 91;

the priests attempt to make a breach between James V. and Henry

VIII., 100, 101;

progress of the Reformation, 132;

war with England, 137 _sqq._;

battle of Halidon, 138;

persecution stayed, 139;

a proscription list, 142;

invasion of England, 144;

an English envoy murdered, 148;

death of James V., 150;

ambitious attempt of Beatoun, 153;

Regency of Arran, 154;

scheme for marriage of the queen with Edward of England, approved

by the Council, 158;

meeting of lords at Perth, their demands, 160;

the lords cited to Edinburgh, 161;

meeting of the parliament, the marriage scheme approved, 161;

Act passed for freedom to read the Bible, 163;

joy of the people, 163;

conclusion of the marriage treaty at Greenwich, 165;

the hostages refused, 171;

troops assembled by both parties, 172;

war declared by Henry VIII., 175;

the English fleet at Leith, 183;

Edinburgh pillaged and burnt, 184;

murder of the Cardinal, 212;

why the Gospel triumphed, 215, 216;

results of the Reformation, 217

_Scott_, Thomas, of Pittgorno, his crimes, remorse, and death,

vi. 130, 131

_Scripturists_, The, iii. 93

_Scriptures_, interpretation of, iv. 223, 224

_Seaton_, Alexander, Dominican, preaches evangelical doctrine, vi.

87;

condemned by Beatoun, 89;

quits Scotland, 89;

becomes chaplain to duke of Suffolk, 89

_Seaton_, condemned to bear a faggot, at Paul's cross, viii. 240

_Seclucyan_, John, translates New Testament into Polish, vii. 424

_Senarclens_, Claude de, viii. 101;

present at death of Juan Diaz, 111

_Seneca_, Calvin's commentary on, ii. 87;

cited, 89

_Senlis_, Bishop of, sent to Paris with Duprat, to stop

intrigues of the Sorbonne, ii. 126

_Sept_, Michel, i. 267, 271, 276, 292;

appointed syndic of Geneva, iv. 242;

receives warning of impending attack on Geneva, 312;

his feud with Philippe, v. 317;

suspended from office for receiving letter from a French agent,

vi. 363

_Sergine, De_, Friburg notary, i. 290;

at council of Geneva, 293, 294

_Servetus_, Michael, Calvin's plea for, i. 6;

account of him, iii. 84;

goes to Paris, 85;

invites Calvin to a conference, 86;

does not appear, 87;

result of his death, 197

_Seso_, Don Carlos de, viii. 116;

his evangelical labors, 116;

marriage, 116

_Seville_, beginnings of reformation at, viii. 21;

labors of Egidius, Ponce de la Fuente and Vargas, 29 _sqq._;

opposition to them, 31

_Seymour_, Edward, v. 132;

created Earl of Hertford, viii. 142.

[_Hertford_]

_Seymour_, Jane, attracts notice of Henry VIII., v. 126, 128, 179;

birth of her son Edward, viii. 141;

her death, 142

_Seymour_, Sir Thomas, v. 132; viii. 221, 299

_Seymours_, the, friendly to the Reformation, viii. 299;

proposals of duke of Norfolk for alliance with, 299

_Seyssel_, Claude de, i. 49, 75;

his judgment on the mock auction, 76;

made archbishop of Turin, 91;

attempts to withdraw Pécolat's case from the syndics, 93, 111

_Sforza_, Bona, queen of Poland, vii. 431

_Shaxton_, bishop of Salisbury, v. 130;

opposes the Six Articles, viii. 183;

resigns his see, 184;

imprisoned, liberated, 271

_Shrewsbury_, Earl of, sent against insurgents of the North, v. 205

_Siderander_, Peter, account of, ii. 132, 137;

watches at the Sorbonne, 139

_Sienna_, iv. 436

_Sigismund I._, king of Poland, vii. 422;

receives Catholic deputies from Dantzic, 428;

summons leading reformers, goes to Dantzic, 428;

his severe measures, 529;

becomes king of Sweden, persecutes the Protestants, 340;

driven away, 340

_Sigismund_, Count, of Hohenlohe, conversion of, i. 339;

endeavors to propagate Luther's doctrines in France, 339, 340;

his _Book of the Cross_, 340;

writes to Margaret of Angoulême, 340, 354;

leave refused for him to go into France, 354

_Simon_, Michel, preaches at Bourges, ii. 29

_Sinapi_, Giovanni, iv. 427;

at Ferrara, v. 427

_Sinclair_, Oliver, vi. 124, 142;

commander-in-chief at Solway, 144;

captured by the English, 146

_Six Articles_, The, presented to the peers, viii. 181;

passed, 183;

characterized, 187;

commissioners appointed to carry them out, 187;

five hundred victims, 187;

indignation in Germany, 188;

conference of Luther, Melanchthon and others, 188;

the five hundred liberated, 191;

promise of the king to soften their harshness, 201;

modified, 261

_Sixteenth Century_, characterized, i. 7, 316, 325, 410;

state of the papacy in, ii. 144;

first politico-religious war of, 251, 252;

excitement and suspense, 300;

moral revival, iv. 229, 269;

persecution in, explained, 302;

epoch of transformation, 346 _sqq._

_Sixtus IV._, decree of, respecting printing, ii. 173

_Slave Version_ of the Bible, revised by Maximus, vii. 432

_Smalcald_, meeting of Protestants at, ii. 96;

alliance of, 97; and viii. 328; iv. 394;

mission of du Bellay to, 394 _sqq._;

conference between the two parties, 398 _sqq._

_Smeton_, Mark, charge against him, v. 133;

interview with the queen, 137;

arrested, 137;

examined, 148;

indicted, 153;

tried and sentenced to death, 154

_Society and the State_, i. 28

_Soleure_, i. 182;

friendly to Geneva, 276;

sends embassy to Geneva, 280; ii. 390, 392;

mass restored, 444;

the Reformation crushed, vi. 323

_Soliman_, Sultan, invades Hungary, ii. 107; iv. 116, 117;

vii. 356;

demands tribute of Louis II., 357;

battle of Mohacz, 360, 361;

ravages Hungary, 361;

again invades Hungary, confirms Zapolya as king, 371;

prohibits oppression of Protestants, 371

_Solway_, flight of the Scots at, vi. 145;

its effect on the nation, 151

_Sorbonne_, The, i. 331, 334, 343, 346;

opposes the Reformation, 403;

attacked by Berquin, 406;

proscribes Erasmus, 407, 414, 415, 418, 429;

instigates the people against Berquin, 431, 432; ii. 32;

demands trial of Berquin, 33;

condemns the professors, 59;

Lecoq examined by the doctors, 77;

closes pulpits of Paris against Roussel, 114;

agitation caused by evangelical preachings, 119;

denounces Roussel, 120;

meets with repulses, 120;

scurrilous attacks, 120;

doctrines of Roussel, 123;

complains to the king, 124;

sends deputation to him, 126;

threat of revolt, 127;

doctors summoned before Duprat, 128;

alarmed by condemnation of Beda, 130;

calls for the stake, 136;

placards, 136, 137, 141;

increasing alarm at progress of Lutherans, 165;

furious against Margaret of Navarre, 165;

finds heresy in her _Mirror_, 167;

seizes all the copies, 172;

prohibits the book, 173;

disavows the priests' comedy, 181;

apologizes to the king, 182, 183;

alarm at Cop's inaugural address, 201;

debates, 203, 228;

stops private meetings of Lutherans, and seizes preachers, 229,

230;

imprisons three hundred Lutherans, 232, 271;

alarm of, at articles of reform, 285, 286;

defends the old doctrine, 286;

conference with the ministers, 287 _sqq._;

growing alarm, 294;

schemes, 294, 295;

anger about the 'placards,' iii. 105;

avenged on Margaret, 112;

pronounces against divorce of Henry VIII., iv. 39;

declares for it, 40;

protests against union with Lutherans, 353;

refuses conference with reformers, 369;

opposes concession to them, 394

_Soto_, Pedro de, confessor to Charles V., viii. 64;

his appearance, 64;

his preaching, 65, 66;

instigates persecution, 66;

applies to Granvella, 67;

examines New Testament of Enzinas, 72;

receives Enzinas, 73;

a sermon, 74;

his report to Granvella, 75;

his treachery, 75 _sqq._;

holds a disputation with Alexander, 87;

perplexed about case of Juan Diaz, 106

_Soubise_, John of, conversion of, at Farrara, v. 428;

his zeal, 429

_Southampton_, Earl of, one of the escort of Anne of Cleves, viii.

194;

writes to Henry VIII., 195;

lord keeper, presents bill of attainder against Cromwell, 218

_Spain_, ecclesiastical state of, viii. 1;

Torquemada and the Inquisition, 2;

the universities, 2;

political circumstances favorable to the Reformation, 3;

relation between Spain and the Netherlands, 3;

introduction of Luther's works and partisans prohibited by Leo X.

and Adrian VI., 4;

preaching of John d'Avila, 5;

preparation for reform, 8;

an examination before the Inquisition, 9;

the chief reformer, 10 _sqq._;

awakening of curiosity, 20;

silent progress of the Gospel, 112

_Spandemayer_, preaches at Malmoe, vii. 158 _sqq._

_Spanish Version_ of the Bible, destroyed by the Inquisition, viii.

42;

of the New Testament, by Enzinas, completed, 58

_Spirituals_, The, iii. 77, 78;

their doctrines opposed by Calvin, 80, 81;

their dupes, 82;

their cunning, 82;

at Geneva, vi. 299;

their pantheism, 300;

Herman and Benoit heard before the Council, 301;

a public disputation, 301;

they refuse to retract, 302;

banished from Geneva, 302;

their fanaticism, viii. 331, 332;

subjected to persecution, 332;

at Munster, 334;

[_Munster_, _John of Leyden_, _Matthison_, _Knipperdolling_,

_Rottmann_];

cause troubles in Holland, 348, 349;

their proceedings not connected with Protestantism, 351;

severity of the German Diet, 352;

three causes of their disorders, 352, 353

_Spoon_, order of the, originated by de Ternier, ii. 357;

the 'gentlemen' assail the Genevese, 357;

raid on the meadows, 371;

meeting at Nyon, 373;

death of the leader Pontverre, 379;

disorders and violence of, 379, 380;

threaten attack on Geneva, 383;

respond to appeal of the bishop, 413;

commissioned to make war on Geneva, 413;

led by La Sarraz, take the field, 416;

march on Geneva, 417;

retreat, 422;

castles assailed by Swiss troops, 423, 424

_Spreng_, Jacob, account of, vii. 483;

at Wittenberg, 483;

his preaching at Antwerp, 488;

arrested and condemned to be burnt, recants, 489, 490;

preaches at Bruges, arrested and taken to Brussels, 490;

escapes to Bremen, 491;

his preaching there, viii. 49;

interviews with San Romano, 50, 51

_Statilius_, bishop of Stuhlweissenburg, vii. 383, 386

_Stirke_, Hellen, a Protestant of Perth, vi. 178;

seized and condemned to death by Cardinal Beatoun, 181;

drowned, 182

_Stirling Castle_, meeting of priestly party in, vi. 23

_Stockholm_, massacre of nobles and prelates by Christian II.

at, vii. 129, 130, 239;

blockaded by the Danes, 246;

fortified against Gustavus, 255;

besieged by him for two years and taken, 256;

iconoclasts at, 265

_Stokesley_, ambassador to Charles V. and the pope, iv. 22;

calls a meeting of priests at St. Paul's, 73;

a clerical riot, 73, 74;

complains of Latimer to the King, 80;

condemns Bayfield to be burnt, 84;

condemns Tewkesbury, 85;

examines Latimer, 99;

Bainham, 107;

one of Fryth's examiners, 151;

presides at his trial, 160;

sentences him to death, 161;

summoned before parliament to answer complaint of Philips, 179;

opposes translation of the Bible, v. 55, 57, 181, 189;

opposes admission of Alesius to Convocation, 190;

opposes union with German Protestants, viii. 154;

at Lambert's trial, 170;

visits Shaxton in prison, 271;

examines Anne Askew, 277, 278

_Straiton_, David, vi. 94;

charged with heresy, 94;

his conversion, 95;

imprisoned, 96;

burnt, 97

_Strappado_, The, at Paris, iii. 137

_Strasburg_, introduction of Luther's writings, i. 339;

refugees at, 362 _sqq._;

learning and theology at, iii. 150;

the Antioch of the Reformation, vi. 456;

the plague at, vii. 23, 42, 45;

sends delegates to Ratisbon, viii. 102

_Strengnaes_, Diet of, vii. 256;

offers throne of Sweden to Gustavus, 257

_Students, English_, at Zurich, viii. 143;

visit Calvin at Geneva, 144;

their letters to him, 145;

and to Bullinger, 146;

present Bullinger's works to Cranmer, Cromwell and the king, 146

_Students_, satires of the, ii. 135

_Sture Family_, The, in Sweden, suspected of conspiracy against

King Erick, vii. 328;

several imprisoned, 328;

Nils slain by Erick, 328

_Sturm_, John, at Paris, ii. 115, 116, 120;

his report to Germany, 131;

as lecturer, 132; iii. 75;

dejection, 144;

writes to Melanchthon, 145; iv. 349, 350;

account of, 358, 359;

letter to Bucer, 359;

presses Melanchthon to go to France, 359;

writes to him, 368;

at conference between du Bellay and Germans at Smalcalde, 398;

joint envoy to Henry VIII., v. 118

_Suabian League_, The, ii. 220

_Suffolk_, Duke of, Vice-president of the Council, iv. 5, 21;

one of Fryth's examiners, 151;

member of commission of inquiry into conduct of Queen Anne, v. 135;

on commission for trial of Norris, Weston, &c., 154;

at trial of the queen, 155, 157;

sent against insurgents of the North, 208;

his death, viii. 271

_Supremacy, Royal_, in England, demanded by Henry VIII., iv. 61;

discussed in Convocation, 62 _sqq._;

compromise agreed to by the king, 64;

Convocation silent, 65;

conceded by Convocation of York, 65, 66;

dangers of, 66;

recognized by monks and priests, v. 20;

abolition of papal supremacy by Henry VIII., 24;

protests against, 43;

mental reservations, 43;

meaning of title, 'Supreme head of the church,' 50, 51;

Carthusians refuse to acknowledge, 59

_Surrey_, Earl of, at trial of Queen Anne, v. 155; viii. 300;

his character and endowments, 300;

committed to the Tower, 301;

family quarrels, 302;

depositions, 303, 304;

condemned and executed, 304

_Sussex_, Earl of, commissioner for suppression of lesser

monasteries, v. 100;

head of commission sent to Queen Catherine, 112, 161

_Sweden_, violates the union of Calmar, vii. 128;

laid under interdict by the pope, 128;

the revolt suppressed by Christian II., 128;

the massacre at Stockholm, 129, 130;

renewed revolt of, 136;

sends an army against the Lübeckers, 213;

influences of nature and of race on the Reformation, 231, 232;

social life in, 234;

the Reformation begun, 237;

massacres by Christian II., 250;

Gustavus proclaimed king, 257;

compact of separation from Denmark signed, 265;

the pretender, 'Nils Sture,' 278;

Diet of Westeraas, 281 _sqq._;

abdication of Gustavus, 288;

his return, 289;

submission of the bishops, 294;

the compact of Westeraas, 295;

fall of Romanism, 296;

ecclesiastical confusion, 298;

synod of Orebro, 299;

'Form of Reformation' signed, 302;

obstacles to reformation, 302, 303;

progress, 305;

the throne declared hereditary, 318;

form of church government, 320;

accession of Erick, 325;

of John III., 331;

Romanism re-established, 333;

Jesuits at Stockholm, 333;

Jesuits expelled, 339;

Sigismund succeeds, 340;

Charles, 340;

assembly at Upsala, 340;

Protestantism re-established, 341

_Swedish New Testament_, published, vii. 269

_Swiss_, The, alliance with Geneva, i. 148;

the diet declares for duke of Savoy, 154;

intervention between Geneva and Friburg, 182;

help of, sought by Hugues, 275, 276;

protest of Genevese in favor of alliance, 294;

alliance concluded, 304;

opposition to it, 307;

voted by general council, 308;

embassy to Geneva, 313;

alliance sworn, 313;

decline to join Italian League, ii. 187;

decline to take part in wresting Würtemberg from Austria, 217;

the Bernese and Friburgers take opposite sides at Geneva, 353;

send embassy to Geneva, and propose dissolution of alliance,

390 _sqq._;

army sent to Geneva, 423;

alliance maintained by diet of Payerne, 432;

adhered to by Geneva, 446;

cancelled by patricians, 449;

maintained by citizens, 450;

at diet of Lucerne, consent to restoration of duke and bishop at

Geneva, iv. 344;

required by the duke to restore them, v. 315.

[_Berne_, _Friburg_, _Zurich_]

_Switzerland_, evangelical movement in, iii. 94;

debates as to union with Lutherans, vi. 324

_Sylvestre_, John, vii. 381;

his translation of New Testament, 393

_Szalkai_, Cardinal, undertakes to suppress Lutheranism in

Hungary, vii. 352

_Szantai_, Stephen, preaches in Hungary, vii. 383;

conspiracy against him, 383;

at conference of Schässburg, 385;

banished, 387

_Szegedin_, Stephen, vii. 401;

his labors, 402, 403;

his writings, 403;

view of the Supper, 404;

brutal treatment and banishment of, 405;

removes to Temeswar, 410;

banished, 412

_Szegedy_, Gregory, writes against Devay, vii. 379

_Taborites_, The, [_United Brethren_]

_Taccon_, Jean, i. 37, 56

_Taccon_, Pierre, i. 37

_Tandy_, Jean, at disputation of Lausanne, vi. 251 _sqq._

_Tast_, Hermann, preaches Lutheran doctrines in Schleswig, vii. 144,

145;

his labors, 145;

chaplain to the king, 156

_Tausen_, John, Danish reformer, his birth and early life, vii. 121,

122;

enters a monastery, 123;

receives tidings from Germany, 123;

sets out for Louvain, 124;

reads Luther's writings, 124;

goes to Wittenberg, 125;

returns to his convent, 125;

teaches at university of Copenhagen, but is recalled, 136;

his preaching in the convent, 150;

its effects, 150;

exiled to Viborg, 151;

his teaching there, 152;

tried and imprisoned, 154;

his dungeon a pulpit, 155;

liberated and made chaplain to the king, 156;

driven from the convent, 166;

his preaching prohibited, 166;

disputes with the monks, 167;

his first publication, 168;

appointed by the king pastor at Copenhagen, 169;

head of Protestant party at diet of Copenhagen, presents the

evangelical confession, 174;

cited by the bishops, 200;

condemned to death, 200;

the sentence commuted to banishment, 201;

a popular rising in his favor, 201;

discharged, 202;

again preaches at Copenhagen, 204;

bishop of Ribe, 223

_Taylor_, Dr., his sermon on the real presence, viii. 164;

interview with Lambert, 165

_Temporizers_, The, iii. 93

_Ternier_, Francis de, lord of Pontverre, i. 194;

hostile to alliance of Swiss and Genevese, ii. 303, 304;

turns highwayman, 304 _sqq._;

assembles a body of knights, 355;

hostility to Geneva, 356;

originates order of the Spoon, 357;

reconciles the duke and the bishop, 361, 362;

his raid on meadows of Geneva, 372;

convokes Knights of the Spoon at Nyon, 373;

passes through Geneva, 373;

presides at Nyon, 'down with Geneva,' 374, 375;

again passes into Geneva, 376;

his insolence, 376;

fight with citizens, 377;

wounds Bandière, 379;

slain, 379;

his funeral, 380;

his plot discovered, 380

_Tewkesbury_, John, tortured by the bishops, iv. 84, 85;

arrested and again put on the rack, 85;

his martyrdom, 85

_Theology_, restoration of, iii. 170

_Thiene_, Gaetano de, iv. 482

_Thomas_, a friar, at Geneva, i. 57

_Thorn_, Diet at, ordinance against Luther published, vii. 430;

disturbances, 430

_Tielmans_, Giles, vii. 565 _sqq._;

arrested, 569;

his intercourse with Ousberghen, 573;

put to the torture and burnt, 575;

consoles Enzinas, viii. 80

_Tifernus_, Michael, appointed tutor to Christopher of

Würtemberg, ii. 108;

aids his escape from Charles V., 110

_Tillet_, Jean de, iii. 13, 14

_Tillet_, Louis du, his character and intercourse with Calvin, ii.

91;

receives him, iii. 6;

accompanies him to Poitiers, 44, 64, 91, 150, 151, 154, 157;

his doubts and sufferings, 163, 192;

with Calvin arrives at Ferrara, v. 421;

at Strasburg, 455;

meets Calvin at Geneva, 457;

difference with Calvin, vi. 356;

quits Geneva, 357;

re-enters Catholic church, 358

_Titian_, at evangelical meetings at Ferrara, v. 430;

paints portrait of Calvin, 431 and _note_.

_Tobar_, Bernardin de, viii. 13;

arrested by the Inquisition, 14

_Tondebinder_, Claus, preaches at Malmoe, vii. 157 _sqq._;

futile attempts to silence him, 159;

assists in publishing Danish hymn-book, 160;

Professor of Theology, 169

_Tonstal_, Cuthbert, bishop of Durham, opposes royal supremacy, iv.

63;

communicates Pole's book to the king, v. 174;

writes to Pole, 177;

opposes union with German Protestants, viii. 154;

at Lambert's trial, 170

_Tonsure_, The, iii. 64

_Tordesillas_, Francis de, translates Latin works of Carranza,

viii. 119;

his 'notice to the reader,' 119

_Torgau_, meeting of Protestants at, ii. 96

_Torquemada_, Inquisitor-general, viii. 2

_Toulouse_, superstition at, ii. 77;

trial of Caturce, 80 _sqq._;

university of, declares for divorce of Henry VIII., iv. 40

_Tour-Landry_, Chev. de la, his works on education, iv. 356, 357

_Tournon_, Cardinal de, presides at discussion with Lecoq, ii. 76;

ambassador to the pope, 105;

to Conference of Bologna, 142;

characterized, 147;

policy of the embassy, 147, 155; iii. 107;

instigates persecution, 113; iv. 308, 370;

opposes union with Lutherans, 370, 371;

obtains absolution from the pope for Caroli, vi. 322;

presides at meeting of prelates at Lyons, 479

_Toussaint_, Pierre, imprisoned, i. 350;

liberated, 359;

goes to Paris, 360;

at court, 364;

his disgust, 367;

leaves Paris, 368, 377;

called to preach at Geneva, ii. 439;

declines, 440;

invited into Switzerland by Farel, iii. 232

_Tracy_, William, his remains exhumed and burnt, iv. 76

_Traheron_, Bartholomew. [_Students, English_]

_Trajetta_, duchess of. [_Gonzaga, Giulia di_]

_Transubstantiation_, v. 283;

discussed at Lausanne, vi. 245

_Transylvania_. [_Hungary_, _Hermanstadt_, _Honter_, John,

_Leutschau_]

_Trent_, Council of, arrangement for a lay council, ii. 157, 158;

anathematizes the doctrines of the Reformation, vii. 408;

its effect in Hungary, 408

_Tricks_ of the monks, ii. 385 _sqq._

_Trinity_, The, Servetus and Calvin on, iii. 84 _sqq._

_Trois-Moutiers_, Prior of, iii. 45, 63

_Troll_, Gustavus, archbishop of Upsala, imprisoned, vii. 128;

crowns King Frederick, 154;

supports Christian II., 185;

commander of the Lübeckers, 213

_Turin_, introduction of reformed doctrines at, iv. 412

_Tyndale_, William, iv. 2;

his _Practice of Prelates_ presented to the king, 53;

sought for by the king, 54;

meets with Vaughan, 55;

his warning to Henry, 56;

distrusts the clergy, 56;

second meeting with Vaughan, 58;

a gulf between him and the king, 58;

friend of Lambert, 92;

his translation of New Testament read in London, 105, 111;

assisted by Fryth, 140;

letter to Fryth, 144;

another, 151;

at Antwerp, v. 29;

his labors and charities, 30;

his New Testament in demand, 30;

his protest of integrity as translator, 31;

Gardiner's plot against him, 35;

beset by Gardiner's agents, 35;

treacherously arrested, 40;

imprisoned at Vilvorde, 40;

presents his New Testament to Queen Anne, 122, 197;

his peculiar work as translator, 214, 215;

assisted by Rogers, 215;

his joy at the printing of his translation, 216;

intercourse with the jailor and his family, 217;

efforts of Poyntz to save him, 218;

of Cromwell, 219;

his liberation promised, 219;

conflict with Romish doctors, 220;

abandoned by Henry VIII., 221;

before the court, 222;

undertakes his own defence, 222;

condemned, 223;

degraded, 224;

his religious courage, 224;

his martyrdom, 225, 226;

circulation of his New Testament, 226;

sale of his Bible authorized by Henry VIII., 227;

universally read, 228;

Hacket ordered to burn his New Testaments, vi. 25;

they are imported in Scotland, 25;

publication of his writings at Marburg, 30;

new edition of his Bible, viii. 177, 178;

his Bible suppressed, but issued without his name, 260

_Ulrich_, duke of Würtemberg, ii. 100;

expelled from his states, 100;

his cause supported by France at Augsburg, 219, 221, 226;

restored, 253, 255;

promotes reformation, 255

_Uniformity_, in church government and worship, ii. 97

_Union with God_, three acts necessary to, i. 319

_United Brethren_, The, in Bohemia, vii. 417;

differences about the Supper, 418;

condemned by Luther, 418;

send a deputation to him, 419;

send a statement of their views, 420

_Unity_, ecclesiastical, sought by three parties, iv. 348 _sqq._;

common feature of the three, 350, 372;

Roman and Christian contrasted, viii. 312

_Universities_, decisions of, on divorce of Henry VIII.

presented to parliament, iv. 67;

visitation of English, v. 84

_Upsala_, assembly of, re-establishes Protestantism in Sweden,

vii. 340

_Urbino_, Duke of, at war with Leo X., i. 114;

duchy of, ii. 149

_Utenhov_, Nicholas, vii. 547

_Valdez_, Alfonso de, birth of, iv. 454;

sees Luther's works burnt, 455;

his _Dialogue_, on events at Rome, 455 _sqq._;

attacked by Castiglione, 457;

defended by his brother, 457;

at Augsburg, 458; viii. 3

_Valdez_, Juan de, birth of, iv. 454;

his _Dialogue between Mercury and Charon_, 457;

_Hundred Considerations_, 457 _note_;

in Italy, 459;

character of, 459, 460;

at Chiaja, 460;

_Considerations_, 466 _sqq._;

conversation with Giulia di Gonzaga, 469 _sqq._;

his _Spiritual Abecedary_, 469 _note_

_Valerio_, Rodrigo de, Spanish reformer, his birth and early

life, viii. 10, 11;

his renunciation of the world, 11;

studies the Bible, 12;

begins to propagate evangelical doctrines, 12;

his labors at Seville, 21;

his influence over Egidius, 24;

preaches publicly, 25;

arrested by the Inquisition, defended by Egidius and liberated,

25, 26;

teaches the Gospel privately, 36;

then publicly, and is imprisoned for life by the Inquisition,

36, 37;

his death, 37

_Valeton_, Peter, iii. 73;

arrested, 110;

his books seized, 111;

tortured, 137;

burnt, 138

_Valladolid_, beginnings of reformation at, viii. 21, 112

_Vandel_, Claude, and his sons, i. 54;

the father kidnapped by the Bastard of Savoy, 55;

liberated by episcopal council, 57, 87;

syndic, 111, 134, 148, 206

_Vandel_, Hugues, ambassador to the Swiss, ii. 400

_Vandel_, Pierre, i. 292; iii. 277;

wounded in the Cathedral, 372, 385;

proscribed by the bishop, 439;

seized and imprisoned, 441, 457;

leader in campaign against idols, v. 289, 305; vi. 435;

account of him, 435;

gets possession of Calvin's articles, 435;

reads them before the council, 436

_Vandel_, Robert, i. 207, 292, 293;

wins over the bishop of Geneva, 297, 298;

at election of syndics, 300;

defends the Reformation, 310;

bishop's envoy to Friburg and Basel, ii. 320;

a fray, 337, 348, 369;

envoy to Switzerland, 381;

again, 415;

again, 450;

visits Farel, iii. 277

_Vandel_, Thomas, v. 235

_Van der Hulst_, Franz, inquisitor in the Netherlands, vii. 491, 493;

takes the lead in persecution of Henry of Zutphen, 497

_Vargas_, viii. 27;

interview with Egidius, 28;

shares the labors of Egidius and Ponce de la Fuente, 29;

his death, 35

_Vatable_, Francis, ii. 51;

cited, 59;

accused by Beda, 230

_Vaudois_, in Picardy, i. 349

_Vaughan_, Stephen, sent by Henry VIII. to find Tyndale, iv. 54;

meets with him at Antwerp, 55;

their conference, 56;

second meeting, 58;

searches for John Fryth, 59;

envoy to Elector of Saxony, 165

_Vax_, Antonia, account of, v. 244;

consents to take part in plot against reformers at Geneva, 245;

poisons Viret, 246;

her remorse, 247;

tried, and condemned, 248;

executed, 249

_Vedastes_, John, i. 361, 362

_Venice_, appearance of Protestantism at, iv. 410

_Vergara_, John de, his attainments, viii. 13;

corrects the Vulgate and is arrested by the Inquisition, 13, 14

_Vergara_, Francis de, viii. 13

_Vergerio_, legate, papal ambassador at Smalcalde, iv. 399;

interview with Luther, v. 108

_Vernou_, Jean, iii. 46;

sent by Calvin to preach, 58, 61

_Veron_, Anthony, iii. 46

_Veron_, Philip, sent by Calvin to preach, iii. 58, 59, 61, 62

_Vevey_, Reformation at, vi. 267

_Viborg_, vii. 151;

free school at, 154;

Reformation at, 155;

departure of the monks, 167;

a printing press established, 168

'_Vidamy_,' The, of Geneva, i. 18;

attempt of duke of Savoy to usurp, 238, 242

_Vienne_, Archbishop of, i. 99;

summons bishop of Geneva to hear judgment in Pécolat's case, 99,

100;

threatens the bishop with excommunication, 103;

his official posts up the excommunication in Geneva, 104;

his censures annulled by the pope, 106

_Vienne_, persecution at, i. 10

_Viglius_ of Zuychem, vii. 476;

his admiration for Erasmus, 476;

President of Council of Mechlin, 477;

President of Privy Council, 477;

inward conflict, 477;

secret report about him, 478;

his moderation, 479

_Vilvorde_, castle of, v. 40

_Viret_, Pierre, early life of, iii. 220;

goes to University of Paris, 221;

meets with Farel, 221;

refuses the tonsure, 222;

his struggles, 222;

friendship with Farel, 224;

preaches at Orbe, 225;

his place among the reformers, 225;

imprisoned at Orbe, 239;

accompanies Bernese embassy to Geneva, iv. 215;

at the tournament, 217;

presides at a reformed baptism, 249;

takes part in first evangelical Pentecost, 281;

summoned before the Council, 306;

poisoned by Antonia Vax, v. 246;

contends with Caroli at the disputation, 269;

preaches at Lausanne, vi. 230;

takes part in the disputation, 241 _sqq._;

condemns image-worship, 262;

second pastor, with Caroli, 265, 266;

dispute with him, 305, 306;

intervention of Calvin, 306, 307;

at synod of Lausanne, 313;

pleads for recall of Calvin and Farel to Geneva, 433, 443;

goes to Geneva, vii. 12;

Calvin's colleague, 56;

assists Calvin in preparing the Ordinances, 60;

returns to Lausanne, 110

_Virgin, Image of the_, at Paris, mutilated, i. 423 _sqq._;

processions, 425, 426;

miracles, 426, 427;

at Geneva, broken, iv. 186;

appearance of the Virgin, at Geneva, 279

_Virves_, Alfonso, chaplain to Charles V., viii. 18;

slandered by the monks, 18;

his esteem for the reformers, 18;

imprisoned by the Inquisition, 18;

intervention of Charles V., 19;

condemned, 19;

his retractation, 19;

liberated and made a bishop, 19;

his _Philippicæ Disputationes_, 19

_Viry_, Sire de, ii. 382;

withdraws from attack on Geneva, 384

_Voré_, Barnabas. [_De la Fosse_]

_Voruz_, Sieur de, betrays Bonivard to duke of Savoy, i. 185, 186;

his reward, 186

_Vuillet_, Messire, governor of Gex, his treacherous visit to

Hugues, i. 271;

his prey escapes him, 274;

orders pursuit, 274

_Waim_, Gervais, envoy of Francis I. to German princes, ii. 72;

his rashness at Wittenberg, 72

_Waldenses_, The, ii. 102; iii. 245, 246;

send a deputy to Wittenberg, 246;

synod at Merindol, 246;

deputation (Morel and Masson) to Œcolampadius, 247;

story of Peter Waldo, 248;

confessions of the Barbes, 249;

the deputies go to Strasburg, 250;

are imprisoned at Dijon, Masson put to death, 250;

synod proposed, Farel invited, 251;

tell their story at Granson, 251;

two parties at the synod, 255;

synod opened, 255;

new confession signed, 258;

old manuscripts, 259;

agree to French translation of the Bible, 260;

contribute to Olivétan's, 304

_Wallachia_, the waywode has audience of Francis I., ii. 248

_Wallop_, Sir John, ambassador in France, viii. 210, 211

_Waltham Abbey_, the monks netted, v. 81, 82

_Warham_, William, archbishop of Canterbury, iv. 13;

proposes a compromise on supremacy, 64;

orders exhumation and burning of Tracy's remains, 76;

examines Lambert, 94;

presides at examination of Latimer, 99;

invites him to visit him, 100;

excommunicates him, 101;

his character, protest against reformation, 113;

death, 113, 116;

his belief in Maid of Kent, v. 10

_Watteville_, J. J. de, avoyer of Berne, i. 174;

deputy to Geneva, ii. 445;

intervenes at Granson, iii. 241;

encounter with the sentinels, 241;

reviews the Bernese army, v. 375;

ambassador to disputation of Lausanne, vi. 239;

presides at synod of Berne, 328;

deputy to Geneva, 517

_Wernli_, Peter, Canon of Geneva, iii. 363, 368, 396;

his activity, 406;

conducts high mass, 408;

prepared for battle, 412;

his appeal, 415;

gives the signal for battle, 416;

slain, 417;

his body found, 419;

consequences of his death, 420;

the funeral, 421;

a miracle, 422;

removal of the body to Friburg, 422, 425, 447, 454; iv. 194

_Wessel_, Johan, vii. 482

_Westeraas_, Diet of, vii. 281;

the banquet, 282;

secret meeting of the bishops, 283;

their engagement, 284;

speech of the chancellor, 285;

speech of the king, his abdication, 287, 288;

popular agitation, 289;

discussion between Olaf and Peter Galle, 290;

return of the king, 293;

Compact of, signed, 295

_Weston_, Sir Francis, charge against him, v. 134;

at Greenwich tournament, 138;

arrest of, 139;

examined, 148;

indicted, 153;

tried and sentenced to death, 154;

beheaded, 159

_Westphalia_, conflicts of the Reformation in, viii. 329

_Wickliffe_, John, iv. 2;

known in Poland, vii. 422

_Wildermuth_, Jacob, account of, v. 320;

undertakes to help Geneva, 321;

takes command of auxiliaries, 324;

dismisses cowards, 326;

his plan of march, 327;

in the Jura, 329 _sqq._;

guides offered, 330;

the men betrayed, 332;

defeats Savoyards at Gingins, 334 _sqq._;

duped by Savoyards at Coppet, returns home, 350

_William of Orange_, i. 5

_William_, of Zwoll, preaches and is arrested, vii. 526;

burnt at Mechlin, 527

_Wiltshire_, Earl of, ambassador to Charles V. and the pope, iv. 22,

24;

audience with the pope, 25;

audience with Charles V., 26;

reproved by Charles, 26;

conference with De Gramont, 27;

presents Cranmer's book to the pope, 28;

returns to England, 28;

at the coronation of his daughter Anne, 136;

one of Fryth's examiners, 151; v. 126, 136, 155

_Winding-sheet, Holy_, Feast of the, iii. 407

_Windsor_, persecution of evangelicals at, viii. 265, 266

_Wingle_, Pierre de, printer, v. 272, 273

_Winsheim_, Dr., professes evangelical faith in Hungary, vii. 346;

banished, becomes professor at Wittenberg, 354

_Wishart_, George, account of, vi. 185;

his return to Scotland, 185;

preaches at Dundee, 186;

forbidden to preach, 186;

goes to Ayr, preaches in the market-place, 187;

in country places, 188;

returns to Dundee on outbreak of the plague, 188;

attempt to murder him, 189;

escapes ambuscade of the cardinal, 190;

at Invergowrie, his night of prayer, 190;

at Leith, 192;

prohibited preaching in Haddingtonshire, 194;

his last sermon, 195;

dismisses Knox, 195;

arrested by Bothwell, 196;

imprisoned at Hailes, 197;

given up to the regent, and by him to the cardinal, 197;

cited before the cardinal, 198;

his trial, 198-203;

sentenced to death, 203;

the communion refused him, 204;

preparations for his execution, 205;

his martyrdom, 206, 207;

its effects in Scotland, 207, 208

_Wittenberg and Geneva_, i. 183, 191;

first echo of Wittenberg at Geneva, 209, 216, 305; ii. 434, 437

_Wittenberg_, discussion between English and German divines at,

v. 116, 117;

the plague at, vi. 36, 37;

the university transferred to Jena, 37

_Wolfgang_, prince of Anhalt, signs Confession of Augsburg, viii.

323

_Wolmar_, Michael, ii. 9, 10, 11;

called to Bourges, 23;

his appeal to Calvin, 25

_Wolsey_, Cardinal, i. 356; iv. 44, 60, 61

_Women_, join Catholic bands at Geneva, iii. 383, 384;

weep and pray, 391

_Wormorsen_, Francis, Carmelite, preaches at Malmoe, vii. 159;

professor there, 169;

his apology for the evangelicals, 206;

made bishop of Lund, 222

_Worms_, Conference of theologians at, vii. 8;

transferred to Ratisbon, 18

_Wriothesley_, Chancellor of England, conducts negotiation for

marriage of Henry VIII. with duchess of Milan, viii. 174;

arrests Cromwell, 210;

takes part in examination of Anne Askew, 276;

tortures her, 281;

presides at her burning, 283, 287, 289;

with Gardiner intrigues against the queen, 289;

aids in drawing up bill of indictment, 290;

drops it in the palace, 291;

attempts to arrest the queen, 296;

in disgrace, 297;

investigates charges against Norfolk and his son, 300, 301

_Würtemberg_, duchy of, affairs of, ii. 100 _sqq._, 215,

216, 217, 220;

treaty between Francis I. and Philip of Hesse for deliverance of,

226;

preparations for war, 251;

restoration of Duke Ulrich, 253, 254;

opened to the Reformation, 255

_Wyatt_, Sir Thomas, ambassador, quoted, viii. 175 _n._;

his interview with Charles V., 199 _sqq._

_Wynram_, Gilbert, accompanies Patrick Hamilton to the

Netherlands, vi. 29

_Yorkshire_, Catholic revolt in, v. 206

_Yvonand_, iii. 298, 300

_Yverdun_, sends a procession to Granson, iii. 239;

taken by the Bernese, vi. 229;

the Reformation introduced by force, 229

_Zapolya_, head of the grandees of Hungary, vii. 357;

crowned King of Hungary, 364;

opposed by Ferdinand of Austria, 364;

publishes edict against the Lutherans, 364;

supported by Solyman, 370;

does homage to him, 371;

imprisons Devay at Buda, 377;

liberates him, 378;

concludes agreement with Ferdinand, 390;

marries Isabella of Poland, 390;

his death, his son proclaimed king, 391

_Zapolya, John Sigismund_, proclaimed King of Hungary, vii. 391;

supported by Solyman, 391

_Zell_, Matthew, his preaching at Strasburg, i. 339, 361; ii. 246;

receives Calvin, iii. 150;

prosecuted, 151;

his wife Catherine, 151;

lodges persecuted Christians, 151;

Catherine's failings, 152, 153

_Zoete_, Louis de, agent of the Inquisition, meets Enzinas at

Mechlin, viii. 90

_Zurich_, i. 182, 277, 310; ii. 390, 392, 399, 400;

treaty with landgrave of Hesse, 420, 442, 443;

defeat at Cappel, 444;

synod of reformed churches at, vi. 420;

articles of Calvin and Farel approved by the synod, and their

recall recommended, 425; vii. 43, 44;

English students at, viii. 143, 144

_Zwinglius_, i. 201, 277;

his special work, 319, 352; ii. 311, 313, 314;

encourages Ab Hofen, 314, 436, 438, 439, 443; iii. 49, 165;

condemns divorce of Henry VIII., iv. 42;

his works read in Italy, 408, 461;

a man of action, vii. 114;

his views compared with Calvin's, 117;

his doctrine received in Hungary, 389, 395;

intercourse with Alasco, 435;

defended by Alasco, 436

THE END.

_530 BROADWAY, NEW YORK._

_November, 1877._

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FOOTNOTES:

[1] _Journal de Merle d'Aubigné._

[2] _Ibid._

[3] Jules Bonnet, _Notice sur Merle d'Aubigné_. Paris, 1874.

[4] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, i. p. 285.

[5] _Ibid._ p. 349.

[6] Martyris, _Epist. Lib._, ep. 333.

[7] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, ii. p. 3.

[8] Martyris, _Epp._, pp. 689, 722.

[9] Frobenius to Luther, February 14, 1519.--Walch., xv. p. 1631.

[10] 'Libellus Lutheri de libertate christiana et de servo arbitrio in

Hispanicum idioma translatus.'--Gerdesius, _Ann._, iii. p. 168.

[11] Melch. Adami, _Vitæ Theol._, p. 288.

[12] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, i. p. 419.

[13] Works of John d'Avila, translated by Arnauld d'Andilly. Paris,

1773.

[14] Works of John d'Avila, p. 671.

[15] Works of John d'Avila, pp. 684, 685, 688, 714, 715, 717.

[16] _Ibid._ pp. 710, 712.

[17] There are four books of them, containing in all 162 letters,

generally very lengthy.

[18] Works of D'Avila, p. 397.

[19] _Ibid._ p. 95.

[20] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, ii. 6, 138. Works of

D'Avila, p. 122.

[21] Works of D'Avila, p. 397.

[22] It is an exposition of Christian doctrine, viewed not from the

dogmatical, but from the spiritual and practical point of view.

[23] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, ii. p. 7.

[24] 'Homo simplex, ruri perpetuo addictus, &c.'--Montanus,

_Inquisitionis hispanicæ artes_, p. 31.

[25] 'Adoranda hic maxime est divina providentia erga eos quos

elegit ... cujus rei, vel is ipse rusticus luculentum exemplum esse

possit.'--Montanus, _Artes Inq. hisp._, pp. 32, 33.

[26] 'In equis, in equorum apparatu, in ludis, in vestium luxu, in

venationibus, etc.'--_Artes Inq. hisp._, p. 260.

[27] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, ii. p. 148.

[28] 'Repente divinus quidem furor eum corripit.'--Montanus, pp. 260,

269.

[29] 'In cultu corporis antea molliculo et splendido, tum vero horrido

et sordido apparebat.'--Montanus, p. 261.

[30] 'Sacras litteras diu noctuque versabat.'--_Ibid._

[31] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, ii. p. 148.

[32] 'Rursus Hispanias habere suum _Geryonem_, sed auspicatissimum,

tricorporem quidem, sed unanimem.'--Erasmi _Epp._, lib. xx. ep. 15.

[33] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, ii. pp. 7, 8. _Epp. Th.

Mori et Lud. Vives_, col. 114.

[34] 'Propter hoc unum verbum, sine mora in custodiam SS. PP. est

traditus.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 156.

[35] 'Illius judicium instar oraculi.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p.

158.

[36] Llorente, ii. p. 456. _Memoirs of Enzinas_, i. p. 123.

[37] Llorente, ii. pp. 430-431.

[38] Llorente, iii. pp. 6, 7.

[39] 'Tam impudentibus calumniis, tam evidentibus mendaciis, tam

malitiosis artibus.'--Erasmi _Epp._ lib. xviii. ep. 2.

[40] Virves, _Epist._, Ratisbon, April 15, 1532. Burcheri _Spicil._, v.

pp. 12-16.

[41] Llorente, ii. pp. 8-14.

[42] 'Qui ad alios illuminandos amandati erant, ipsimet lumine capti

ad nos redierunt, deceptique ab hæreticis.'--G. de Illescas, _Hist.

Pontiffical y Catolica_, i. p. 672.

[43] 'Unde illa audacia qua in sanctos patres ecclesiæ lumina atque

columnas... inveheretur?'--Montanus, pp. 261, 262.

[44] 'Magno contemptui esse cœpit, quo in die magis magisque

aucto.'--Montanus, p. 258.

[45] 'Eum exacte edocuit Christiani concionatoris officium.'--Montanus,

p. 258.

[46] 'Obstupescebat primo Ægidius.... Unus e media plebe, idiota,

etc.'--Montanus, p. 258.

[47] Llorente, ii. pp. 139, 140.

[48] 'Fuit divina monenti tanta spiritus Dei vis in dicendo ut ab ea

hora Ægidius in alium virum mutatus.'--Montanus, p. 259.

[49] 'Præcipue sua ipsius experientia erat edoctus.'--Montanus, p. 263.

[50] 'Igneam quamdam pietatis facem.'--_Ibid._, p. 231.

[51] 'Adesse Christum qui verba, eo externe ministrante, in ipsis

visceribus suorum virtute spiritus sui exararet.'--Montanus, p. 201.

[52] 'Familiaris consuetudo atque arcta amicitia.'--Montanus, p. 265.

[53] 'Constantini Fontii, viri ad prodigium usque eruditi.'--_Ibid._

[54] Llorente, ii. p. 273.

[55] A learned and pious historian, M'Crie, who devoted much attention

to the history of the Reformation in Spain, states that Vargas

first explained the Epistle to the Romans. But Montanus de Montes,

a contemporary and friend of Egidius, says--'_Prælegebat evangelium

Matthæi, quo absoluto accepit Psalmos._' P. 281.

[56] 'Capitulum cum honorifica legatione accercebat.'--Montanus, p. 279.

[57] 'Vilesceret vero indies assidua congressione lucis hypocritarum

turba.'--Montanus, p. 266.

[58] 'Ad Epicteti Stoici placita ... eo Epicteto inferior.'--Montanus,

p. 238.

[59] 'De crebris jejuniis, de mortificatione, vestitu, sermone,

vultu ... ad missas complures, ad sacrorum locorum frequentationes, et ad

multa alia nugamenta.'--Montanus, p. 238.

[60] 'Accessorat ea Hispaniæ linguæ peritia et facundia quæ

quibuscumque illius studiosissimis miraculo esset.'--Montanus, p. 278.

[61] 'Videbatur enim veluti a specula quadam humana omnia negotia

contemplari.'--Montanus, p. 278.

[62] 'Tantus erat populi concursus ut quarta, sæpe etiam tertia, noctis

hora vix in templo inveniretur commodus ad audiendum locus.'--_Ibid._,

p. 279.

[63] 'Clarissimos antecelluit.'--_Ibid._, p. 278.

[64] 'Ea urbs omnium totius Hispaniæ felicissima.'--Montanus, p. 240.

[65] 'Illa enim messis quæ per totos jam octo aut decem annos

colligitur, ex illa laboriosa novatione provenire certum

est.'--Montanus, p. 240.

[66] 'Constantinus (de la Fuente) a Cæsare et filio Philippo ascitus

Hispali discedere cogeretur,'--Montanus, p. 282.

[67] 'Qui ut simplicitate ingenii et auctoritate præstabat, apertius et

frequentius lucis hostes lacessebat.'--Montanus, p. 266.

[68] 'A Valerio Nebrissensi ex d. Pauli epistolæ ad Romanos familiari

interpretatione (veritatem) ante didicerat (Diazius).'--Montanus, p.

268.

[69] Peter is not to be confounded with one of the two brothers Juan

and Alfonso, whose tragic history holds a place in the annals of the

Reformation.

[70] 'Sæpe e sua sede surgens, spectante universo populo,

concionatoribus contradixit.'--Montanus, p. 264.

[71] 'Quem olim in nostra civitate adolescentem puer familiariter

novi,' says Francis Enzinas of San Romano.--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii.

p. 174.

[72] 'Virum gravem admodum constantemque et fortem in iis

asserendis defendendisque quæ vera atque recta esse discendo

comperisset.'--Camerarius, _Melanchthonis Vita_, p. 324.

[73] 'De officio pii viri in hoc dissidio religionis. Consultatio de

articulis fidei inter papistas et protestantes controversis,' &c.

[74] 'Illustrium et clarorum virorum epistolæ, scriptæ a Belgis vel ad

Belgas,' pp. 55, 58. Lugd. Batav., 1617.

[75] _Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. pp. 172, 173.

[76] M'Crie, _Reformation in Spain_, pp. 403, 414.

[77] 'Cum gravitatem illam vultus pari suavitate conjunctam, et totius

corporis majestatem vere heroicam contemplarer.'--Gerdesius, iii.

_Monumenta_, p. 83.

[78] 'Divinitus donatus præ ceteris mortalibus.'--_Ibid._

[79] 'Scintillula ignis ... ut totum fere pectus conflagrare

videretur.'--Gerdesius, iii. _Monumenta_, 83.

[80] 'Vel ad extremum orbem advolare.'--Gerdesius, iii. p. 85.

[81] 'Cujus suavi colloquio et minime molesta gravitate mirifice

delectabar.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 166.

[82] Miserias hujus mundi cum æterna vita commutavit.'--_Memoirs of

Enzinas_, ii. p. 166, in the scholarly edition of M. Campan. (Brussels,

1862.)

[83] 'Usque ad cineres summa sum eum reverentia prosecutus.'--_Ibid._

[84] Illust. et Clar. Virorum _Epp._ selectæ, a Belgis vel ad Belgas

scriptæ; Leyden, 1617. Ep. from Knobelsdorf to Cassander, July 10,

1542; from James Dryander to Cassander, pp. 38-45, 55, 60. Crespin,

_Actes des Martyrs_, iii. p. 127.

[85] See vol. vii. p. 491.

[86] 'Totam concionem intellexit.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 176.

[87] 'Divino quodam œstro percitus.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p.

176.

[88] 'Ipsum inflammavit concionatoris oratio.'--_Ibid._

[89] 'Toto triduo... in alium quemdam hominem prorsus novum est

immutatus.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 178.

[90] 'Nihil toto die meditabatur, nihil nocte somniabat, præter eas

sententias.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 178.

[91] Letter from Spreng to Enzinas, Jan. 6, 1546. Archives of

Protestant Seminary at Strasburg.

[92] 'Postea in Hispaniam commigrare ut parentes ac totam denique

civitatem nostram... converteret.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 182.

[93] 'Quo morbo laboraret.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 184.

[94] 'In aliquod antrum, quasi vivum cadaver insepultum

detruderent.'--_Ibid._, p. 184.

[95] 'Ex equo deponunt, et captivum in ædes cujusdam mercatoris

deducunt.'--_Ibid._, p. 186.

[96] 'Pessimi nebulones.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 188.

[97] _Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 198.

[98] See the opening speech of the Diet.--_Sleidan_, ii. p. 125 _sqq._

[99] 'Longam atque audacem orationem ... audivit imperator

patienter.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 200.

[100] 'Es ist unmöglich Christum zu vergleichen mit der

Schlangen.'--_Luth., Epp._, v. p. 376.

[101] 'Volebant eum, sine mora, in Danubium præcipitem dare.'--_Memoirs

of Enzinas_, ii. p. 202.

[102] 'Etiam (ut audivi) in ipsam Africanam expeditionen.'--_Ib._, p.

206.

[103] 'Nihil tamen obstant hæc omnia vincula, quin meus animus alioqui

liberrimus, in quem nihil habet juris imperator.'--_Memoirs of

Enzinas_, ii. p. 204.

[104] 'Nimium in via properabant.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 206.

[105] The conclusion of San Romano's story will be found in ch. vi.

_infra_.

[106] _Memoirs of Enzinas_, i. pp. 9-13.

[107] Vol. vii. p. 554.

[108] 'Vel suo sanguine librum impressum.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, i. p.

140.

[109] 'Responsandi ex prophetarum, Christi, et apostolorum scriptis

adversus Ecclesiæ decreta.'--_Ibid._, p. 146.

[110] 'Utilis illa admodum, atque proficua futura sit

opera.'--Gerdesius, _Hist. Reform._, iii. p. 166.

[111] 'Ut divinum quoddam numen inter mortales existimetur.'--_Memoirs

of Enzinas_, ii. p. 126.

[112] 'Insanis vociferationibus, non dicam concionantem, sed vere

furentem, et concionem ipsam ad seditionem excitantem.'--_Memoirs of

Enzinas_, ii. p. 128.

[113] 'Non pauca ille in te oblique dicitur ejaculatus... cum

tu ipse proximus illi sederes,... quem tamen ipse non potuit

agnoscere.'--_Ibid._

[114] 'Juvenculum heri aut nudius tertius natum.'--_Memoirs of

Enzinas_, i. p. 188. This is evidence of the youth of Enzinas.

[115] 'Jurare per sacrosanctam cucullam.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, i. p.

190.

[116] The title stood finally thus: 'El Nuevo Testamento de nuestro

Redemptor y Salvador Jesu Christo, traduzido de Griego en lengua

Castellana por Francisco de Enzinas, dedicado á la cesarea Magestad. En

Enveres, en casa de Estevan Mierdmanno, en el anno de MDXLIII.'--In 8vo.

[117] 'Cognitis pactionis hujus legibus ... e vita, velut indignabunda,

excedens humanis valedixit.'--Ubbo Emmius, 832. Ranke, _Deutsche

Geschichte_, iv. p. 295.

[118] 'Eum præsentaneo veneno pungit.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p.

100.

[119] 'Inflexo capite in humeros, cucullo usque ad oculos demisso,

terram intuens, modeste,' &c.--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 100.

[120] 'Qui ne muscam quidem lædere possit.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii.

p. 100.

[121] 'Tum admonet omnes machinas quas illi suggerit Satanæ

furor.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 102.

[122] 'Vel in ipso furiarum choro bacchantem.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_,

ii. p. 100.

[123] 'Imperator existimat se jam nunc in imo Tartari esse

demersum.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 106.

[124] 'Eodem tempore quum ego, ad aulam accedebat

(imperator).'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, i. p. 196.

[125] 'In aula habebam non paucos neque vulgares amicos et

cognatos.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, i. p. 196.

[126] 'Nostræ Novi Testamenti interpretationi unice favebat.'--_Memoirs

of Enzinas_, i. p. 200.

[127] 'Singulari quadam majestate procedens, solus assedit

mensæ.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, i. p. 200.

[128] Ps. cxix. 46. 'Hæc sententia in animo meo frequenter atque

ardenter repetita, sic vires reficiebat,' &c.--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, i.

p. 202.

[129] 'Tunc auctor es istius libri?'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, i. p. 206.

[130] 'O rem unam lacrymis plane sanguineis deplorandam.'--_Memoirs of

Enzinas_, i. p. 208.

[131] 'Rem esse cum magno periculo conjunctam.'--_Ibid._, p. 212.

[132] 'Cujus opera thesaurum amplissimum cœlestis doctrinæ Hispani

homines sunt consecuti.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, i. p. 218.

[133] 'Omnes proditores et suspendi et crepare medios

debere.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, i. p. 228.

[134] 'Spurco sermone miseras auditorum aures exercebat.'--_Ibid._, p.

226.

[135] 'Ut paulo post totam Hispaniam ad lutheranismum

converteret!'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 66.

[136] 'Deum immortalem! qualia illic portenta, quot idolorum

formæ!'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, i. p. 236.

[137] 'Quod unum apud nos extremo dignum supplicio judicatur'--_Memoirs

of Enzinas_, i. p. 246.

[138] 'Ex istis fontibus haurienda est (doctrina) sine quibus sterilis

et cæca est humana cogitatio.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, i. p. 256.

[139] 'Videbam magnam monachorum turbam sursum deorsum cursitantium,

nescio quid inter se susurrantium....'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, i. p.

266.

[140] 'Qui hastis, gladiis ac multiplici armorum genere instructi

capiti meo imminebant.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, i. p. 268.

[141] 'Pericula ... non secus quam si omnia coram

prævidissem.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 6.

[142] 'Nunquam in lucem erumpit, quin fulgura et tonitrua

subsequantur.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 16.

[143] Vol. vii. pp. 565-576.

[144] 'Judico hominem esse omnium quos ego unquam viderim

optimum.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, p. 54.

[145] 'Ingens facinus ac incendio dignum.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, p. 60.

[146] 'Ne opus alioqui laudabile ab eventu rerum æstimarent.'--_Memoirs

of Enzinas_, ii. p. 50.

[147] 'Supplex exhortatio ad invictissimum Cæsarem Carolum V. et

illustrissimos principes,' &c., 1543.--_Calv. Opp._, vi.

[148] 'Ut plane sentirem me ad mortem paratiorem quam ante

fueram.'--_Cod. Genev._, 112, fol. 67, August 3, 1545. _Calv. Opp._,

xii. p. 127.

[149] 'Profecto sic me Davidicum plectrum harmonia sua plane cœlesti

rapiebat.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 78.

[150] M. Campan, editor of the _Memoirs of Enzinas_, conjectures

that this is the work which was first published in 1628, under the

title, _Los Psalmos de David, dirigidos in forma de oraciones_.--See

_Bibliotheca Wiffeniana_, p. 142.

[151] 'Universam civitatem in favorem evangelicæ doctrinæ

propendere.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 82.

[152] Sleidan, vol. ii. book xv. pp. 226-232. _Papiers d'Etat_, iii. p.

67.

[153] 'At vero qui propter religionem captivi erant, multo angustius et

crudelius asservantur.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 374.

[154] 'Leges sanguine scriptæ ... ut liceret illis pro suo arbitrio in

Lutheranos grassari.'--_Ibid._, p. 384.

[155] 'Facilius per nos ipsos quam per sanctos impetramus....'

Fifty-six similar propositions had been brought together against

Alexander.--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. pp. 390-411.

[156] 'Cum hora media octava audita esset, priusquam in carcere

a mensa surrexissem, eram jam in ipsis mœnibus cum pulsaretur

octava.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 420.

[157] _Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. pp. 420-425.

[158] 'Nullum ego vidi luminis splendorem, nisi tædarum quæ tunc in

plateis circumferebantur.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 426.

[159] 'Quem ego semper impensissime amavi.'--Dryander Calvino, Aug. 8,

1545.

[160] 'Epistolio subrustico.'--_Ibid._

[161] 'Quod laude dignum non est, officiose prædicare.'--_Ibid._

[162] Dryander Calvino. _Bibl. de Genève_, MS. 112. This letter, which

we have formerly had occasion to quote, is unpublished. [It has just

been published in _Calv. Opp._, xii. p. 126.--EDITOR.]

[163] _Memoirs of Enzinas_, i. p. 7.

[164] Crespin, _Actes des Martyrs_, book iii. p. 170.

[165] Crespin, _Actes_, book iii. p. 170.

[166] 'Grata mihi fuit tua consolatio de casu fratris

acerbissimo.'--Unpublished letter from Francis Dryander (Enzinas) to

Calvin. _Bibl. de Genève_, MS. 112. (Since published in _Calv. Opp._,

xii. p. 510.)

[167] 'Utinam vero hæc divina incendia per omnes Hispaniæ fines

spargantur.'--_Calv. Opp._, xii. p. 510. Theodore Beza places the

martyrdom of James Enzinas in 1545; Dr. M'Crie in 1546. As the letter

of Enzinas to Calvin is dated in April, 1547, might not his death be

with more probability assigned to the early months of this year?

[168] Crespin, _Actes des Martyrs_, art. _Diaz_.

[169] Calv. _Epp. Opp._, xii. pp. 130, 150.--'Apud

Gallasium.'--_Ibid._, p. 336.

[170] Calv. _Opp._, xii. p. 253.

[171] Bericht von dem Regensb. Colloq. von G. Major, Wittenberg, 1546;

Von M. Bucer, Strasb., 1546.--Calv. _Opp._, xii. p. 252.

[172] Crespin, _Actes des Martyrs_, book iii. p. 172.

[173] Diaz wrote down the conversation which he had with Malvenda, and

from his papers we derive our information about it.--Crespin, _Actes

des Martyrs_, book iii. p. 174.

[174] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, iii. p. 88.

[175] The close of the chapter is missing in the manuscript. We add a

few pages respecting the mournful death of Juan Diaz.--EDITOR.

[176] 'Quum Cæsar appropinquare dicebatur, Neoburgum se contulerat,

quod oppidum est sub ditione Othonis Henrici.'--Calv., _Opp._, xii. p.

336.

[177] Sleidan, _Reform._, book xvii.

[178] Jules Bonnet, _Récits du seizième siècle_, p. 228.

[179] Castro, _Spanish Protestants_, p. 44.

[180] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, pp. 184-187.

[181] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, ii. p. 238.

[182] It was removed during the regency of Espartero. The street is

named _Calle del doctor Cazalla_.

[183] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, ii. pp. 222, 223.

Illescas, _Historia Pontifical_, ii. p. 337.

[184] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, ii. pp. 235, 236, 407.

Illescas, _Historia Pontifical_, i. p. 337.

[185] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, iii. pp. 202, 204.

[186] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, iii. pp. 203, 208.

[187] _Ibid._, pp. 198, 199.

[188] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, iii. 205, 206.

[189] _Ibid._, p. 208.

[190] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, iii. p. 210.

[191] 'Adversus Deum blasphemiam et sanguinis Christi

profanationem.'--Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, iii. p. 208.

[192] 'Corona chartea in qua erant mille horribilissimorum cacodæmonum

figuræ depictæ.'--Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, iii. p. 210.

[193] 'Strictis gladiis ad crucem, quam in mille partes

dissecuerunt.'--Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, p. 210.

[194] 'Levavit caput aliquantulum.'--_Histoire de l'Inquisition_, iii.

p. 212.

[195] 'Quare me a vera gloria abstraxistis.'--_Ibid._, p. 214.

[196] Llorente, _Histoire de l'Inquisition_, p. 188.

[197] 'Legatus Angliæ qui ... verum Christi martyrem agnoscebat, ad

aliquot menses ex aula exulavit.'--_Memoirs of Enzinas_, ii. p. 216.

[198] Crespin, _Actes des Martyrs_, book iii. p. 157. Llorente says

1540. De Castro, p. 41, says: 'That event must have happened in 1545

or 1546.' Crespin and M'Crie, p. 174, say 1544. In order to determine

the date we must observe that Enzinas (ii. p. 173) writes the narrative

while he is himself a prisoner at Brussels, and that he escaped in

1545. M. Campan assigns the date 1543, the year in which the account

was written. This account follows that which relates to Peter de Lerma,

who died in August, 1541.--EDITOR.

[199] Calendar of letters, dispatches, and state papers, relating to

negotiations between England and Spain, edited by G. A. Bergenroth.

London: Longmans & Co. 1868.

[200] _Premia, Dar cuerda._

[201] Letter from Cardinal Adrian to the emperor, Sept. 4,

1520.--Bergenroth, _Calendar of Letters_, &c.

[202] Reports of Friar Thomas de Matienzo, August, 1498.

[203] Instructions of the archduke Philip to John Heidin.

[204] Instruccion del rey don Fernando. Granvella's _State Papers_,

July 29, 1506.

[205] See the interesting narrative of these events entitled _The

Emperor Charles the Fifth and his mother Joanna_, in Professor Sybel's

_Historische Zeitschrift_, vol. xx. p. 244. Munich: 1868.

[206] Robertson, _History of Charles the Fifth_, book i.

[207] Letter of the marquis of Denia of July 3, 1518.

[208] The marquis of Denia to the emperor, January 25, 1522.

[209] 'Mover piedras.'

[210] Letter of the marquis of Denia of May 25, 1525.

[211] 'Johanna war eine Lutheranerin.'--Sybel, _Historische

Zeitschrift_, xx. p. 262.

[212] _Ibid._, on the authority of the instructions for the duke of

Alva of April 12, 13, and 14, 1521 (Archives of Simancas).

[213] Sandoval, bishop of Pampeluna, _History of Charles

V._--Valladolid, 1604.

[214] 'Der tolle Heinze.'--Luther, _Contra Henricum regem Angliæ_.

[215] _Latimer, Works_, vol. ii. p. 385. (Parker Society.)

[216] _State Papers_, vol. i. pp. 570, 571; vii. p. 715; viii. p. 1.

[217] 'Which suffred her to take greate cold and to eate things that

her fantazie in syknes called for.'--_State Papers_, viii. p. 1. The

story that the cæsarian operation had been performed and that the

mother was sacrificed to the child appears to have been invented by the

Roman party.

[218] _State Papers_, viii. p. 2.

[219] _Ibid._, pp. 5, 6.

[220] See his letter to Henry VIII., _Original Letters relative to the

English Reformation_, ii. p. 554 (Parker Society).

[221] _Original Letters_, &c., pp. 621, 316, 608, 225, 226.

[222] _Ibid._, p. 623.

[223] Letter from Geneva to the ministers of Zurich, November 13,

1537.--Calv., _Opp._, x. p. 129.

[224] _Original Letters relative to the English Reformation_, ii. p.

621.

[225] Irus, a beggar of Ithaca; Codrus, an inferior poet of the time of

Domitian.

[226] _Original Letters_, &c., ii. p. 620.

[227] _Original Letters_, &c., ii. pp. 611, 618.

[228] Cranmer to Capito, _Original Letters_, p. 16.

[229] Bucer to Cranmer, _Ibid._, p. 525.

[230] Strype, _Eccles. Mem._, vol. i. part 2, Appendix, lxxxiii.

[231] _State Papers_, vii. p. 669. Wallop to Viscount Lisle.

[232] Strype, _Eccles. Mem._, i. p. 461.

[233] Beccatelli.

[234] Strype, _Eccles. Mem._, i. p. 477.

[235] 'Quum ... ad fores pene ejus aulæ pervenissem, nec tamen

intromissus sum, sed antequam pulsare possem, exclusus fuerim.'--Pole's

_Epp._ ii. p. 85.

[236] Strype, _Eccles. Mem._, i. Appendix, No. lxxxiv.

[237] _State Papers_, vii. p. 681. King Henry VIII. to Hutton.

[238] _Ibid._, p. 693.

[239] _State Papers_, vii. p. 700.

[240] 'Dissimulato vestitu.'--Pole, _Epp._ ii. p. 49.

[241] _State Papers_, vii. p. 702.

[242] _State Papers_, viii. p. 9.

[243] Robert Warner, November 21, 1538. _Original Letters illustrative

of English History_ (Ellis), ii. p. 97.

[244] 'Splendide vixerant legati et liberalem mensam

exhibuerant.'--Seckendorf, book iii. sec. 16.

[245] 'Singularem erga me benevolentiam.... Sermones mihi tuos

amantissimos perferri.'--Melanchthon to Henry VIII., _Corp. Ref._, iii.

p. 671.

[246] Cranmer to Cromwell, _Letters_, p. 379.

[247] Strype, _Memorials_, i. pp. 504, _sqq._ Cranmer, _Letters_, &c.

[248] 'So gentilly as I could.'--Cranmer, _Letters_, p. 377.

[249] Cranmer, _Letters_, p. 370.

[250] The document drawn up by the German doctors, and the answer of

the king, prepared by Tonstall, are to be found in the _Cotton MSS.

Cleop. E._ They were printed by Burnet (i. p. 491) and by Strype, in

Appendices to their histories.

[251] 'Præcipuum hoc officium esse summorum principum propagare et

tueri cœlestem doctrinam.'--_Corp. Ref._, iii. p. 671.

[252] 'Illud præcipue est heroicum pro ecclesia contra tyrannos arma

gerere.'--_Ibid._

[253] Some historians have supposed that Gardiner's embassy had lasted

only two years. The dates we give are taken from a paper written by

the bishop,--_The Account of his expenses_. His suite is described by

Wriothesley.--_State papers_, viii. p. 51.

[254] 'Adversus pontificis molimina atque technas.'--Gerdesius, _Ann._,

iv. p. 284.

[255] 'Aliquibus statutis in parliamentis nostris in contrariam editis,

cæterisque contrariis non obstantibus quibuscumque.' (Royal Commission

of October 1, 1538.)--Wilkins, iii. p. 836.

[256] Strype, _Eccles. Mem._, i. p. 500.

[257] Strype, _Eccles. Mem._, i. p. 504.

[258] Strype, _Eccles. Mem._, i. pp. 500 _sqq._

[259] Strype, _Eccles. Mem._, i. p. 496.

[260] Strype, Wilkins, &c.

[261] Fox, v. p. 193.

[262] The forty-five points and the answers to them are given in Fox,

_Acts_, v. pp. 181-225.

[263] Fox, v. p. 228.

[264] Fox, v. p. 228.

[265] Fox, Burnet, Godwin.

[266] This apology, entitled _A Treatise of John Lambert upon the

sacrament, addressed to the king_, is given in Fox, v. pp. 237-250.

[267] 'Fox saith it was Day, bishop of Chichester; but in that he

was mistaken, for he was not yet bishop.' It was in fact Bishop

Sampson.--Strype, _Mem. of Cranmer_, ch. xviii. (Translator's note.)

[268] 'The king's look, his cruel countenance, and his brows bent unto

severity,' &c.--Fox, v. p. 229.

[269] Fox, _Acts_, v. pp. 188, 189.

[270] _Ibid._, p. 230.

[271] 'Quodam modo.'

[272] Fox, _Acts_, v. pp. 232, 233.

[273] Fox.

[274] Fox, Godwin, Crespin, Collyer, Burnet, &c.

[275] Biblioth. Anglaise, i, p. 158. Gerdesius, _Ann._, iv. p. 286.

[276] Bossuet.

[277] _State Papers_, viii. p. 32.

[278] 'If your Majesty will hearken to the reconciling with the bishop

of Rome.'--Wyatt's Report to the king. _State Papers_, viii. p. 37.

[279] _State Papers_, viii. pp. 127, 156.

[280] 'Franciscus, &c.... quod... sacram Bibliam tam Latine quam

Britannice sive Anglice imprimendi... et in suum regnum apportandi et

transferendi libertatem... concesserit....'--Burnet, i. Records, p.

286. Strype, _Memorials of Cranmer_, Appendix, No. xxx.

[281] _State Papers_, i. p. 575. Anderson, _English Bible_, ii. p. 27.

[282] See Bonner's letter to Cromwell of September 2, 1538; Fox,

_Acts_, v. p. 150; and another of later date, p. 152.

[283] A few copies of this Bible are still to be found in various

libraries.--Anderson, _English Bible_, ii. p. 31.

[284] Royal Proclamation. Rolls, Henry.

[285] Castillon, Feb. 2, 1538. Ranke, v. p. 159.

[286] 'The king's mind so fully addicted, upon politic respects.'--Fox,

v. p. 264.

[287] Lord Herbert of Cherbury, _Life and Reign of King Henry VIII._,

p. 510.

[288] _Ibid._

[289] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 265. Lord Herbert says the same,--'Cranmer

for three days together in the open assembly opposed these articles

boldly.'--_Life of Henry VIII._, p. 512.

[290] Strype's _Memorials of Cranmer_, ii. p. 743.

[291] _Ibid._, Appendix, No. 40.

[292] Defence against Gardiner, p. 285.

[293] Strype, _Eccles. Mem._, i., p. 545.

[294] Fox, _Acts_, v. pp. 265, 398. Strype, _Mem. of Cranmer_, p. 74.

Burnet, _Hist. Ref._, i. p. 481.

[295] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 359.

[296] Lingard, _Hist. of England_, v. p. 131.

[297] Anderson, English Bible, ii. p. 63.

[298] 'Vintoniensis führet im Lande umher zwei unrüchtige Weiber mit

sich in Mannskleidern.' For this opinion of the four theologians see

the letter to the Elector signed by them.--_Corp. Ref._, iii. p. 796.

[299] Letter to Farel, from Strasburg, October 27, 1539, Calv. _Opp._,

x. p. 425.

[300] 'Circumit Christus esuriens, sitiens, nudus, vinctus, conquerens

de pontificum rabie.... Hunc agnoscere, excipere, fovere pii regis est

officium.'--Henrico VIII., regi Angliæ, _Corp. Ref._, iii p. 819.

[301] _Ibid._, p. 800.

[302] Fox, Hall, Burnet.

[303] Le Grand, _Divorce_, ii. p. 265.

[304] Cotton MS. Vitellius, B. xxi.

[305] _State Papers_, i. p. 619. Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._,

p. 517. Cott Libr., _App._ xxiii. fol. 104.

[306] Southampton to Henry VIII., _State Papers_, viii. p. 213.

[307] One document, _The coming of Lady Anne_, states that the

interview was at Blackheath.

[308] Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 517.

[309] Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, Depositions of Sir A.

Brown, Lord Russell, &c.

[310] Cromwell to the King. Burnet, _Hist. Ref._, i. p. 297.

[311] Hall, Lord Herbert, Burnet, _Records_.

[312] _Original Letters relative to the English Reformation_, ii. pp.

627 and 628, Feb. 24 and March 29, 1540. (Parker Society.)

[313] 'The word is powerfully preached by Barnes and his

fellow-ministers.'--_Ibid._

[314] Partridge to Bullinger, Feb. 29, 1540.--_Original Letters, &c._,

ii. p. 614.

[315] 'Unkind handling.' (Wyatt to Henry VIII.)--_State Papers_, viii.

p. 240.

[316] _State Papers_, viii. p. 241.

[317] _Ibid._, p. 249.

[318] 'Exposuerunt auspicia nuptiarum fuisse læta et sancta.'--_Corp.

Ref._, iii. p. 1005.

[319] 'Ut vera doctrina Christi luceat in Ecclesiis.'--_Ibid._, p.

1007. Strype, _Eccles. Mem._, i. p. 548.

[320] 'Articuli in Angliam missi.'--_Corp. Ref._, iii. p. 1009.

[321] _History of the Reformation_, First Series.

[322] This is Fox's opinion (_Acts and Monuments_, v. p. 420); the

former is the more probable.

[323] Gardiner's Sermon, Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 430.

[324] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 429. Gal. iv. 22.

[325] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 433.

[326] _Original Letters, &c._, ii. p. 632.

[327] _The Bible in English, with a prologue by the Archbishop of

Canterbury._ The king's copy is in the British Museum.

[328] Anderson, _English Bible_, index, p. ix.

[329] Strype, _Eccles. Mem._, i. p. 550.

[330] _The Necessary Erudition of a Christian Man._

[331] _Original Letters, &c._, i. p. 202.

[332] Cotton MS. Tit. B. 1. p. 406.

[333] _State Papers_, viii. pp. 244, 276, 282, 289, 295, 299 (Henry to

Wallop).

[334] _State Papers_, viii. pp. 349-350.

[335] Henry VIII. to Wallop.--_State Papers_, viii, p. 362.

[336] Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 520.

[337] Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 521. Cranmer, _Works_,

ii. p. 401.

[338] Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 522.

[339] 'The cardinal of Belly ... showed me that the said Prevey Seales

intent was to have marryed my lady Mary.'--Wallop to Henry VIII. _State

Papers_, viii. p. 379.

[340] See Cromwell's _Attainder_. Burnet, _Records_, i. No. 16. Lord

Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 521.

[341] Anderson, _English Bible_, ii. p. 110.

[342] Lingard, _Hist. of England_, v. p. 143. The same course had been

adopted with respect to the Countess of Salisbury; and Cromwell, it was

said, was implicated in that case. It must, however, be observed that

this lady was not executed till a year after Cromwell's death.

[343] Cromwell's Letter to Henry VIII. Burnet, _Records_, i. p. 301.

[344] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 401.

[345] Burnet, _Records_, ii. p. 214.

[346] Cotton MS. Titus, B. 1, fol. 267. Original Letters, &c. (Ellis)

Series ii. p. 160.

[347] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 402.

[348] Hall.

[349] Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 529.

[350] Le Grand, _Divorce_, ii. p. 235.

[351] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 403.

[352] Fox, v. p. 403. It is possible that the prayer may have been

written in the prison.

[353] _State Papers_, viii. p. 396. Pate to Norfolk.

[354] The distinguished historian, Mr. Froude, bears the same testimony.

[355] _Original Letters_, &c., i. p. 202. Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry

VIII._, p. 526.

[356] Fox, v. p. 434.

[357] 'Drawn to the place of execution two upon a hurdle, one being a

papist and the other a protestant.'--Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 439.

[358] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 435.

[359] 'Næ! in posterum ego regiæ religionis ero, hoc est,

nullius!'--Gerdesius, _Ann._, iv. p. 300.

[360] 'They had perceived that the king's affections were alienated

from the Lady Anne to that young girl ... whom he married immediately

upon Anne's divorce.'--_Original Letters relating to the English

Reformation_, i. p. 205.

[361] The judgment of Convocation, Burnet, _Records_, i. p. 303. Lord

Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 522. Strype, _Eccles. Mem._, i.,

Appendix, pp. 306 sqq.

[362] Letter of Henry VIII. to Clerk and Wotton.--_State Papers_, viii.

p. 404. The king's testimony is confirmed by that of Anne.--_Ibid._, i.

p. 637.

[363] 'The king's own declaration.'--Burnet, _Records_, i. p. 302.

[364] 'In libertate contrahendi matrimonii cum alia.'--Judgment of

Convocation.--_Ibid._, p. 306.

[365] A document preserved in the archives of Düsseldorf proves that

any engagement between Anne and the Prince of Lorraine had been

formally broken off.

[366] Letter from Bochetel to the English ambassador.--Le Grand,

_Divorce_, iii. p. 638.

[367] 'The news stroke her into a sudden weakness and fainting.'--Lord

Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 523.

[368] Anne to the king.--_State Papers_, i. p. 638.

[369] _Ibid._, pp. 641, 644.

[370] Anne to her brother.--Burnet, _Records_, i. p. 307. This letter

is also to be found in the _State Papers_, i. p. 645, with material

variations. The passages cited are, however, almost identical.

[371] Lingard himself remarks (_Hist. of England_, vi. ch. 4) that it

was at a dinner given by the bishop of Winchester that Catherine for

the first time attracted the king's attention.

[372] _Original Letters relative to the English Reformation_ (Parker

Soc.), p. 202.

[373] Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 534.

[374] 'Catharinam Houwartham tantopere amabat ut feria omnium

sanctorum, sacra Domini cœna utens,' &c.--Gerdesius, _Ann._, iv. p.

306. Burnet, Rapin, Thoyras, &c.

[375] _State Papers_, viii. pp. 442, 451, 453, 456, 476.

[376] Act 32 Henry VIII., c. 10.

[377] Act 32 Henry VIII., c. 26.

[378] 'In ventos abiere infelici cum regionis tum religionis

fato.'--Gerdesius, _Ann._, iv. p. 301.

[379] Wilkins, _Concilia_, iii. pp. 842, 847.

[380] Three editions of this book were published, in 1537, 1540, and

1543.

[381] Burnet, _His. Ref._, i. p. 543.

[382] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 442.

[383] Fox, in his _Acts_, v. pp. 443 to 449, gives the names of all

these persons, naming also their parishes and their offences.

[384] Wallop to Henry VIII., January 20, 1541.--_State Papers_, viii.

p. 517.

[385] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 449.

[386] _Ibid._ Collyer, ii. p. 184.

[387] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 451.

[388] Cranmer, _Works_, i. p. xvi.

[389] Cranmer, _Works_, i. p. xvii.

[390] _Ibid._, p. xvii.

[391] Cranmer, _Works_, i. p. xvii.; Strype, _Mem. of Cranmer_, p. 102.

Burnet.

[392] Cranmer, _Works_, i. p. xviii.

[393] 'The whole council being thereat somewhat amazed.'--Cranmer,

_Works_, i. p. xix.

[394] Cranmer, _Works_, i.; Strype, _Mem. of Cranmer_; Burnet, _Hist.

Ref._; Anderson, _English Bible_, ii. p. 139.

[395] 'The king to the chancellor.'--_State Papers_, i. p. 689.

[396] Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 534.

[397] Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 535.

[398] The confession is given by Burnet, _Hist. Reform._, iii. p. 224.

[399] Cranmer to the king, _Works_, ii. p. 408. _State Papers_, i. 689.

[400] Cranmer, _Works_, ii. p. 408.

[401] Cranmer, _Works_, ii. p. 409. _State Papers_, i. p. 690.

[402] _State Papers_, i. p. 691. The Council to Cranmer.

[403] 'His coming again to the queen's service was to an ill intent of

the renovation of his former naughty life.'--_Ibid._, p. 700.

[404] Letters to the Privy Council.--_State Papers_, i. pp. 702, 704,

706, 708.

[405] Lord Herbert of Cherbury, Turner, and other historians say that

Culpeper was executed on November 30. But we follow the documents

signed by all the members of the council, which bear date December

10.--_State Papers_, i. p. 707.

[406] _State Papers_, i. p. 721.

[407] The bill is given by Burnet, _Records_, i. p. 567.

[408] The Roman Catholic historian Lingard, in his _History of

England_, at first put forward the idea of a conspiracy;--'A plot was

woven';--but in a later edition, he felt compelled to relinquish the

idea of conspiracy and to substitute that of _discovery_;--'A discovery

was then made.' The word _complot_ remains in the French version of his

work.

[409] 'The bishop of Rome is in great furor and rage against

him.'--Harvel to the king. _State Papers_, ix. pp. 21, 22.

[410] Fuller, _Church History_, Book v. p. 239.

[411] Burnet, i. p. 570. Anderson, _English Bible_, ii. p. 152.

Gerdesius, _Ann._, iv. p. 308.

[412] Bonner's _Admonition and Injunctions_, i., _Records_, pp. 379,

380.

[413] Letter from Hilles to Bullinger, of December 18, 1542, the date

of Catherine's trial.--_Original Letters relative to the English

Reformation_, i. pp. 228, 229. (Parker Soc.)

[414] _Original Letters relative to the English Reformation_, pp.

234-235.

[415] _Original Letters_, &c., i. p. 240.

[416] _Ibid._, p. 241.

[417] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 463.

[418] Anderson, _English Bible_, i. p. 569; ii. pp. 80, 156.

[419] 'An Act for the advancement of true religion and the abolishment

of the contrary.'--Strype, _Mem. of Cranmer_, p. 142.

[420] Wilkins, Burnet, Strype, Todd, _Life of Cranmer_, i. p. 332.

[421] 'She was endued with singular beauty, favor and comely

personage.'--Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 554.

[422] Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 561.--Strype, _Mem. of

Cranmer_, &c.

[423] Cranmer, _Works_, ii. p. ix. Burnet, _Hist. of the Reform._, i.

p. 593. Strype, Fox, Todd, _Life of Cranmer_, i. p. 349.

[424] Fox, who relates these circumstances, adds in a note,--'Christ

saith--_Scrutamini Scripturas_; and Winchester saith--The devil makes

men to meddle with the scriptures.'

[425] 'An epistle of Master John Calvin, which Marbeck had written

out.'--Fox, _Acts_, v. pp. 483, 484.

[426] _Ibid._, pp. 464-496.

[427] Despatch from the Privy Council to the French ambassador.--_State

Papers_, ix. p. 388.

[428] Act of Succession, 35 Henry VIII. c. 1.

[429] Harvel to Henry VIII.--_State Papers_, x. p. 492.

[430] 'Three of their captains have desired leave to depart for lack

of men.'--Poynings to Henry VIII., Boulogne, August 15, 1546.--_State

Papers_, x. p. 570.

[431] 'Fearing lest the Italians should pass over to England.'--_State

Papers_, x. p. 492.

[432] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 496.

[433] Burnet, _Hist. Ref._, i. p. 617.

[434] Cranmer, _Works_, ii. pp. 339, 398. Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 537. Bale,

_Works_, pp. 157, 161, 441. Bradford, _Writings_, i. pp. 290, 374, 529.

[435] Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 598. Fox, _Acts_, v. p.

534.

[436] Bale, _Select Works_, p. 226 (Parker Society).

[437] Bale, _Select Works_, p. 190.

[438] 1 Cor. vii. 5, 15.

[439] 'He flung into his chamber in a great fury.'--Bale, _Select

Works_, p. 177 (Parker Society). Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 543.

[440] Anderson, _English Bible_, ii. p. 198.

[441] Bale's _Works_, p. 216. Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 546.

[442] Proclamation of July 8, 1546.

[443] 'My Lord Chancellor and Master Rich took pains to rack me in

their own hands, _till I was nigh dead_.' Bale's _Works_, p. 224.

Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 547. Burnet also relates the fact and adds some

details:--'The lord chancellor, throwing off his gown, drew the rack

so severely.' But Burnet is inclined to doubt the fact. The evidence

of Anne Askew is positive. Burnet's doubt means nothing more than a

bishop's respect for a lord chancellor.

[444] Letter from Ottwell Johnson to his brother, of July 2. Anderson,

_English Bible_, ii. p. 196.

[445] Bale's _Works_, p. 238. Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 549.

[446] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 552.

[447] _Ibid._, p. 550.

[448] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 553.

[449] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 554.

[450] _State Papers_, i. p. 869. It is in this letter of September 17,

1546, that the first mention of the king's state is to be found.

[451] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 555.

[452] _Ibid._, v. p. 555.

[453] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 556.

[454] Gardiner's malicious interpretation of Acts iv. 32, where it is

stated that the Christians had all things in common.

[455] 'The drawing of certain articles against the queen, wherein her

life might be touched.'--Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 556.

[456] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 557. Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p.

624.

[457] 'Cum enim Cancellarius ex improviso scriptum illud regis manu

notatum e sinu in quem id recondiderat perdidisset.'--Gerdesius,

_Ann._, iv. p. 352.

[458] 'The queen fell incontinent into a great melancholy and agony,

bewailing and taking on in such sort as was lamentable to see, as

certain of her ladies and gentlewomen, being yet alive, who were then

present about her, can testify.'--Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 558.

[459] 'Almost to the peril and danger of her life.'--_Ibid_.

[460] It seems to have been Dr. Wendy.

[461] 'Was rather to pass away the time and pain of his

infirmity.'--Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 624.

[462] 'In the midst of their mirth.'--Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 560.

[463] Fox, _Acts_, v. p. 561. Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p.

625.

[464] _State Papers_, i. p. 882.

[465] 'I have no access to your majesty.'--_State Papers_, i. p. 884.

[466] _State Papers_, i. p. 884.

[467] Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 625.

[468] This paper is printed in _State Papers_, i. p. 891. The words

underlined by the king are here printed in italics.

[469] 'Sore perplexed, trembling and like to fall down.'--Letter from

Gate, Southwell and Carew to Henry VIII.--_State Papers_, i. p. 888.

[470] Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 627.

[471] The date usually given is the 19th. We follow _Lord Burleigh's

Notes_.--Merden's _State Papers_.

[472] She appointed as their preceptor John Fox, the evangelical author

of the _Acts and Monuments of the Martyrs_, which we frequently quote.

[473] Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 630.

[474] Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p. 631.

[475] Thevet, _Cosmog._ i. p. 16.

[476] Fox, Acts v. p. 689. Lord Herbert's _Life of Henry VIII._, p.

634. _Original Letters_ (Ellis), ii. p. 137.

[477] The will is to be found in Fuller, _Church History of Britain_,

pp. 243-252, in Rymer, _Fœdera_, &c.

[478] Phil. ii. 1, 2.

[479] Acts iv. 12.

[480] John xvii. 22, 23.

[481] 'Obter nun wohl noch nicht geweyhet war, vermahneten ihn

doch gute Freunde öffentlich zu predigen.'--Seckendorf, _Hist. des

Lutherthums_, p. 434.

[482] Seckendorf, _Hist. des Lutherthums_, p. 435, &c. Cramer, _Pomer.

Chr._ Herzog's _Theol. Ency._ ii., and various biographies.

[483] _History of the Reformation_, second series, vii. p. 270.

[484] 'Si pasturam assumis, papæ et episcoporum hostem te facies; si

repugnaveris Christi hostis eris.'--Gerdesius, _Hist. Ref._ ii. p. 50.

[485] 'Das unüberwindliche ewige Worte Gottes, mit einem Schatten

verdunkelt, nun heller als die Sonne.'--Seckendorf, _Hist. des

Lutherthums_, p. 665. Ranke, _Deutsche Geschichte_, iii. p. 376.

Gerdesius, _Hist. Ref._ ii. p. 132.

[486] 'Christus faciat gloriam suam crescere.'--Luther, _Epist._ iii.

p. 290.

[487] 'So liegt auch mehr an Wittenberg zu dieser Zeit denn an

drey Braunschweig.'--Ibid. p. 377. See also Richter, _Evang.

Kirchenordnungen_. Seckendorf, _Hist. des Lutherthums_, pp. 666, 919.

Ranke, _Deutsche Geschichte_, iii. p. 378.

[488] 'Dass er sollte ewiglich bey Ihnen bleiben.'--Luther, _Epist._

iii. p. 399. Seckendorf, _Hist. des Lutherthums_, p. 924. Richter,

_Evang. Kirchenordnungen_.

[489] Seckendorf, _Hist. des Lutherthums_, p. 1160. Ranke, _Deutsche

Geschichte_, iii. p. 384. Richter, _Evang. Kirchenordnungen_.

[490] _History of the Reformation_, First Series, vol. iv. book xiv.

chap. 6.

[491] 'Anfänglich nicht wenig erschreckt, weil Gott, in seinem Herzen

dies Fünklein immer erhalten.'--Seckendorf, _Hist. des Lutherthums_, p.

1414.

[492] 'Welches alles bey ihm grosse Betrübniss, Bekümmerniss und

Herzensangst erweckt.'--Seckendorf, _Hist. des Lutherthums_, p. 1415.

[493] 'Omnium arborum radices in principio sunt tenuia fila ... et

tamen producunt trabes et robora quibus tantæ moles domorum, navium, et

machinarum construuntur.'--Luther, _Epist._ iv. p. 400.

[494] 'Victo regno, victus est rex.'--Luther, _Epist._ iv. p. 440.

[495] 'Christus ist grösser dann alle Fürsten.'--_Epist._ iv. p. 448.

[496] Eccles. xi. 9.

[497] 'Solle der Herzog gelächelt und den Bischof angesehen

haben.'--Seckendorf, _Hist. des Lutherthums_, p. 599.

[498] Ranke, _Deutsche Geschichte_, iii. p. 492.

[499] 'Traten aus einem nahen Hause die Frauen und Jungfrauen der

Stadt hervor, jener mit offener Brust, diese mit zerstreuten

Haaren...'--Ranke, _Deutsche Geschichte_, iii. p. 496. Hamelmann, _Hist.

renovati Evangelii_. Seckendorf, _Hist. des Lutherthums_, p. 1291.

[500] Compromise of October 18, 1532.

[501] _Hist. of the Reformation_, Second Series, vol. ii. book ii.

chap. 21.

[502] _History of the Reformation_, Second Series, vol. ii. chaps. 22

and 23.

[503] 'Mediocrem pecuniæ summam ei dant pontificii.'--Gerdesius, _Hist.

Reform._ iii. p. 93.

[504] 'Und allein im Thurme die alten Missbräuche beybehalten

wurden.'--Seckendorf, _Hist. des Lutherthums_, p. 1465.

[505] 'Amore Rotmani virum veneno interemit.'--Manlius, _Excerpta_, p.

485.

[506] Sleidan, _De statu religionis_, lib. x.

[507] 'Sin minus jam ira Dei vos obruet.'--Gerdesius, iii. p. 98.

[508] 'Johannes a Leidis artificio _sartor_.'--Cochlæus, _Acta

Lutheri_, p. 252.

[509] Gerdesius, _Hist. Reform_, iii. p. 95. Ranke, _Deutsche

Geschichte_, iii. p. 531.

[510] 'Et a fanaticis hominibus incorruptam defendere.'--Gerdesius,

_Hist. Reform_, iii. p. 95.

[511] 'Per eam pugnam urbe potiretur.'--Cochlæus, _Acta Lutheri_, p.

251.

[512] Arnold, _Kirchen-Historie_. Ranke, _Deutsche Geschichte_, iii. p.

533.

[513] 'Vascula cervisiæ plena quo mulieres fatigatos in itinere

parvulos recreaturæ videbantur, adimerent ... manibus panes ... ad

leniendam famem ... raperent.'--Cochlæus, _Acta Lutheri_, p. 252.

[514] Kersenbroik, quoted by Ranke, _Deutsche Geschichte_, iii. p. 526.

Hamelmann, 1216. Corvinus _apud Schardium_, ii. p. 315.

[515] 'Vestem non ad modum bonam.'--Cochlæus, _Acta Lutheri_.

[516] 'Intus humanis excrementis illitos.'--Kersenbroik, _Bellona

anabapt._ Sleidan, _De statu religionis_, lib. x. p. 150.

[517] Cochlæus, p. 252.

[518] 'Reges atque principes omnes promiscue interficiat'--Sleidan,

lib. x. p. 161. Gerdesius, _Hist. Ref._ iii. p. 102.

[519] 'Se suosque ministros exornavit holosericis, auratisque et

argenteis indumentis, quæ ex templis abstulerat.'--Cochlæus, p. 253.

[520] 'Duxit quindecim uxores et trecentas se ducturum

declaravit.'--Sleidan, lib. x. p. 161. Gerdesius, iii. p. 123.

[521] Ranke, iii. p. 540.

[522] 'Coram senatu expandentes in terra pallia sua,' &c.--Cochlæus, p.

254.

[523] Kersenbroik, Raeumer, _Geschichte Europas_, ii. p. 467. Ranke,

iii. p. 542.

[524] 'In lapides aliquoties dentes acuisse referuntur, sperantes juxta

regis vaticinium illos conversos iri in panem.'--Gerdesius, iii. p. 154.

[525] 'Cum trium liberorum mater facta esset, eos omnes occiderit, sale

condierit et comederit.... Infantium manus ac pedes, urbe capta, in

salsamentis dicuntur reperti.'--Gerdesius, iii. p. 154.

[526] Hortens. in _Ep. ad Erasmum_, p. 152. Kersenbroik, in _Bello

Monast._ p. 59. Gerdesius, iii. p. 104. Ranke, iii. p. 555. Raeumer,

_Geschichte Europas_, ii. p. 467.

[527] Brandt, _Reform._ i. p. 51.

[528] 'A milite transfuga episcopo ... via indicata ... capiendi

civitatem.'--Gerdesius, iii. p. 104.

[529] 'Rex vero latitans in turri quadam.'--Cochlæus, p. 255.

[530] 'Huc, illuc, ad principes ducebantur spectaculi et ludibrii

causa.'--Gerdesius, iii. p. 105.

[531] 'Supplicio ultimo candentibus forcipibus distracti

decesserunt.'--Sleidan, lib. x. p. 166. Heresbach, _Epist. ad Erasmum_,

Corvinus. Gerdesius, iii. p. 105. Ranke, iii. p. 561. Brandt, _Ref._ i.

p. 54.

[532] 'Parum curo. Satan furit sed stat Scriptura.'--Luther, Epp. iv.

p. 548.

[533] 'Si qui improvide commiscerent ea quæ toto tamen cœlo

distabant, Evangelii purioris professionem cum violentis illis

Ecclesiarum et Rerumpublicarum perturbatoribus.'--Gerdesius, iii. p.

106. Compromise of the Diet of 1529. Seckendorf, Raeumer, Ranke.

[534] 'Deplorabo quoad vixero.'--_Ubbonis Confessio_, in Gerdesius,

iii. p. 113.

[535] Psalm lxviii. 20.

[536] John viii. 51.

[537] See NOTE, p. 361.

[538] This name has first been written Keschel--altered to Kessel.

[539] Pius II. died in 1464.

[540] 'Gaspar Veronensis, p. 1038, 1043.'

[541] 'Diese Aufforderung nimmt sich in der Gründonnerstagsbulle v.

7 April, 1463, bei Raynaldus, 1463, n. 84 etwas wunderlich neben den

Flüchen aus.'

[542] 'Die ausführlichste Nachricht giebt Pius, _Comment._ p. 185, 186,

einige werthvolle Notizen Niccolo della Tuccia, _Cronaca_, etc. ed.

Orioli. Roma 1852, p. 307. Die verschiedenen Zeitangaben dürfen nicht

irremachen: nach Tuccia geschah der Fund im Mai 1462, wobei er richtig

bemerkt, dass der Papst damals in Viterbo war; damit stimmt Pius'

Angabe in den _Commentarien_. Als ef jene Bulle erliess, war der Bau

schon im Gange. Den Ertrag giebt auch Card. Papiens. _Comment._ p. 394

an.'

Transcriber's Note:

1. Spelling and punctuation errors have been corrected.

2. Original spelling has been retained where necessary.

3. Italics are shown as _xxxx_.

3. Bold print is shown as =xxxx=.

4. Underscored print is shown as ~xxxx~.