TYPICAL ANALYSES (BY VOLUME) AND CALORIFIC VALUES OF NATURAL
GAS FROM VARIOUS LOCALITIES
+----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+----+-------+------+--------+
|Locality of Well| H |CH_{4}| CO |CO_{2}| N | O | Heavy |H_{2}S|B. t. u.|
| | | | | | | |Hydro- | | per |
| | | | | | | |carbons| | Cubic |
| | | | | | | | | | Foot |
| | | | | | | | | |Calcul- |
| | | | | | | | | |ated[49]|
|----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+----+-------+------+--------+
|Anderson, Ind. | 1.86|93.07| 0.73| 0.26| 3.02|0.42| 0.47 | 0.15 | 1017 |
|Marion, Ind. | 1.20|93.16| 0.60| 0.30| 3.43|0.55| 0.15 | 0.20 | 1009 |
|Muncie, Ind. | 2.35|92.67| 0.45| 0.25| 3.53|0.35| 0.25 | 0.15 | 1004 |
|Olean, N. Y. | |96.50| 0.50| | |2.00| 1.00 | | 1018 |
|Findlay, O. | 1.64|93.35| 0.41| 0.25| 3.41|0.39| 0.35 | 0.20 | 1011 |
|St. Ive, Pa. | 6.10|75.54|Trace| 0.34| | | 18.12 | | 1117 |
|Cherry Tree, Pa.|22.50|60.27| | 2.28| 7.32|0.83| 6.80 | | 842 |
|Grapeville, Pa. |24.56|14.93|Trace|Trace|18.69|1.22| 40.60 | | 925 |
|Harvey Well, | | | | | | | | | |
| Butler Co., Pa.|13.50|80.00|Trace| 0.66| | | 5.72 | | 998 |
|Pittsburgh, Pa. | 9.64|57.85| 1.00| |23.41|2.10| 6.00 | | 748 |
|Pittsburgh, Pa. |20.02|72.18| 1.00| 0.80| |1.10| 4.30 | | 917 |
|Pittsburgh, Pa. |26.16|65.25| 0.80| 0.60| |0.80| 6.30 | | 899 |
+----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+----+-------+------+--------+
[Illustration: 1600 Horse-power Installation of Babcock & Wilcox Boilers
and Superheaters at the Carnegie Natural Gas Co., Underwood, W. Va.
Natural Gas is the Fuel Burned under these Boilers]
When natural gas is the only fuel, the burners should be evenly
distributed over the lower portion of the boiler front. If the fuel is
used as an auxiliary to coal, the burners may be placed through the fire
front. A large combustion space is essential and a volume of .75 cubic
feet per rated horse power will be found to give good results. The
burners should be of a design which give the gas and air a rotary motion
to insure a proper mixture. A checkerwork wall is sometimes placed in
the furnace about 3 feet from the burners to break up the flame, but
with a good design of burner this is unnecessary. Where the gas is
burned alone and no grates are furnished, good results are secured by
inclining the burner downward to the rear at a slight angle.
By-product Coke Oven Gas--By-product coke oven gas is a product of the
destructive distillation of coal in a distilling or by-product coke
oven. In this class of apparatus the gases, instead of being burned at
the point of their origin, as in a beehive or retort coke oven, are
taken from the oven through an uptake pipe, cooled and yield as
by-products tar, ammonia, illuminating and fuel gas. A certain portion
of the gas product is burned in the ovens and the remainder used or sold
for illuminating or fuel purposes, the methods of utilizing the gas
varying with plant operation and locality.
Table 51 gives the analyses and heat value of certain samples of
by-product coke oven gas utilized for fuel purposes.
This gas is nearer to natural gas in its heat value than is blast
furnace gas, and in general the remarks as to the proper methods of
burning natural gas and the features to be followed in furnace design
hold as well for by-product coke oven gas.