Two Tube Cornish, 22ft. long, and 7ft. 6in. diameter, tubes 3ft.
diameter, and strengthened with rings in the approved manner.
The second from the back of the seven rings, was ruptured at the bottom
and torn off by a rent through the line of rivets on each side, and
the boiler was thrown from its seat, and turned completely over, so as
to lie in a contrary direction to what it was before.
Extensive corrosion, from leaking of the seams beneath the brickwork,
where hidden from view, was the cause of explosion.
_No. 67. Willenhall. December 7th. none injured._
Plain Cylinder, with hemispherical ends, 9ft. long, 3ft. 3in. diameter,
20 lbs.
The boiler was rent all along one side, and the reaction of the issuing
contents caused it to be thrown some yards away, and one of the ends
became altogether detached, and flew to a considerable distance.
The plates were so thinned by corrosion, that they gave way on a very
slight increase of pressure during a temporary stoppage of the engine.
_No. 68. Glasgow. December 12th. 1 killed, 1 injured._
This Boiler was 14ft. long, with hemispherical ends, and 7ft. diameter,
30 lbs.
The cause of the explosion was over-pressure and thinness of plates,
wasted by corrosion.
_No. 69. Manchester. (Fig. 32.) December 15th. 5 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 32._]
Two Tube Cornish, 24ft. long, 6ft. 6in. diameter, tubes 2ft. 8in.
diameter, 7/16 inch plates, 50 lbs. The boiler was fired in each of the
tubes in the ordinary way, and also the heat from two furnaces passed
from the back, one on each side of the outside shell.
Both the internal furnaces collapsed, until the crowns almost touched
the fire bars, as shown in dotted lines, but without fracture. The back
of the shell, on the right side, had evidently been overheated, and had
rent along the centre of a bulge, and this rent had extended along the
line of rivets of the transverse seam on each side, allowing two rings
of the plates of the shell to open out flat as shown. There was a bulge
on the plate, on the right side of shell, corresponding with the one
which parted on the opposite side.
The cause of the explosion was overheating of the plates from shortness
of water.
_No. 70. Aberdeen. December 24th. 1 injured._
No particulars have been obtained.
BOILER EXPLOSIONS IN 1867.
_No. 1. Hull. January 2nd. 1 killed, 1 injured._
A small Boiler to heat a bath. It exploded, causing great damage,
because the connecting pipes were frozen. All such boilers should have
a proper safety valve.
_No. 2. Durham. (Fig. 1.) January 2nd. 3 killed, 3 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 1._]
Plain Cylinder, 33ft. long, 6ft. diameter, 33 lbs. pressure. Only
set two days, but was old and deteriorated, and had worked before at
another place. It had been turned 1/4 round, and old fitting-holes
stopped. First rent was supposed to be in a seam at front end, over the
fire. Main portion of shell was driven back, and front end forward, and
torn in its flight. The cause of explosion was, that the seam in front
was overheated and injured, and also incautious working without a steam
gauge.
_No. 3. Sheffield. (Fig. 2.) January 2nd. 1 killed, 4 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 2._]
One Tube externally fired, 30ft. long, 6ft. 6in. diameter, with dished
ends. Tube 2ft. 9in. diameter, slightly oval. Pressure 60 lbs. Tube
collapsed sideways from end to end, because it was not strengthened
by hoops or other means, which were the more needed, because it was
slightly oval, and the longitudinal seams were nearly in one line.
_No. 4. Preston. January 3rd. 1 killed._
Boiler for heating apparatus. Fire was lighted without noticing that as
there was no safety valve, and that all escape of steam was prevented
by the connecting pipes being frozen.
_No. 5. Westerham. January 5th. 1 killed._
Cast-iron Boiler for heating water for a horse shower bath, fixed
behind an ordinary fireplace. Burst and caused great damage, owing to
the pipes being frozen. There was no safety valve.
_No. 6. Barr. January 9th. 1 killed, 3 injured._
Kitchen Boiler, which burst because the supply pipes were stopped by
frost, and there was no safety valve.
_No. 7. London. January 11th. 1 killed._
Cornish, 12ft. long, 4ft. 6in. diameter, tube 2ft. 4in. diameter,
pressure 40 lbs. Small piece of plate was blown out near the bottom,
and the boiler was displaced by the reaction of issuing contents. The
cause of explosion was extensive external corrosion on the lower part.
_No. 8. Preston. January 16th. none injured._
Kitchen Boiler. Burst and did great damage, because pipes were frozen
preventing escape of steam. There was no safety valve.
_No. 9. Brechin. January 23rd. 1 killed._
Kitchen Boiler. Fire had been out some days, and the boiler burst soon
after re-kindling it and did much damage, because the supply pipes were
stopped by frost, and there was no safety valve for escape of steam.
_No. 10. Sunderland. (Fig. 3.) January 26th. 3 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 3._]
Plain Cylinder, 30ft. long, 6ft. 2in. diameter. Pressure 30 to 35 lbs.
Rent into four pieces, which were flattened out and scattered on to
other boilers, but are arranged in sketch so as to show their original
position in the boiler. It had worked a very long time, and was
overheated and injured along the fractured line.
_No. 11. Exeter. (Fig. 4.) January 30th. 2 killed, 2 injured._
Elephant Boiler, 16ft. long, 5ft. diameter, tubes 1ft. 10in. diameter,
45 lbs. pressure. Flat end blew out, throwing boiler upwards by
reaction, but shell and tubes were not injured. The flat end was not
sufficiently stayed, having only one stay-rod to the centre, the bolt
of which was broken.
[Illustration: _Fig. 4._]
_No. 12. Glasgow. February 8th. 1 killed, 4 injured._
Small Boiler to 6-horse power engine. Gave way at centre of furnace,
and water forced out at both ends, and it was suspected that the water
was low.
_No. 13. Sheffield. (Fig. 5.) February 11th. 4 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 5._]
Cornish, about 30ft. long. Tubes 3ft. unstayed. Tube collapsed
sideways, and was rent from grate bars to end, without injuring front
plates or shell. It was said to be short of water, but most likely the
true cause was the weakness of the tube.
_No. 14. Manchester. February 15th. none injured._
Two flued, 28ft. long, 6ft. 9in. diameter, slightly oval; plates 3/8
inch; tube 2ft. 8in. diameter, pressure 45 lbs. Shell had once been
externally fired. Rent along the seams which were in one line, and a
large piece of the plate blew away, leaving tubes uninjured. The cause
of explosion was defective form and worn out state of shell.
_No. 15. Weymouth. (Fig. 6.) March 12th. 1 killed, 3 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 6._]
Agricultural, 45 lbs. pressure. Fire-box blew off, and the outer shell
separated from it. The cause of explosion was over-pressure from the
safety valve being screwed down.
_No. 16. Lynn. (Fig. 7.) March 19th. 8 killed, 4 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 7._]
Agricultural, 45 lbs. pressure. Fire-box and tubes blew out. The cause
of explosion was over-pressure, as the safety valve was tied down with
string.
_No. 17. Blackbraes. March 23rd. 3 killed, 1 injured._
Colliery Boiler, 30 lbs. pressure. Rent in two while the engine was
standing, but no details obtained.
_No. 18. Barnsley. (Fig. 8.) March 29th. 2 killed, 2 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 8._]
Small plain Cylinder, with ends nearly flat, 4ft. 7in. long, 2ft. 4in.
diameter, plates 3/16 inch. No emptying plug or feed-pipe, and only a
very small hand-hole. Front end attached by slight angle iron, which
gave way, leaving the shell unmoved. The cause of explosion was the
internal corrosion of front end owing to very bad water being used. The
plates were reduced to a knife edge in line of fracture.
_No. 19. Cornwall. (Fig. 9.) April 10th. 1 killed, 1 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 9._]
Cornish, one tube 32ft. long, 6ft. diameter, tube 3ft. 10in. diameter,
plates 3/8 inch, pressure 25 to 40 lbs. It was 20 years old, but just
repaired and reset. Furnace tube failed and collapsed from one end to
the other, except about 4 feet of front, owing to its weakness, being
unstrengthened by hoops or cross tubes.
_No. 20. Belfast. (Fig. 10.) April 20th. 1 killed, 2 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 10._]
Plain Cylinder, 6ft. long, 2ft. 5in. diameter, plates 1/4 inch,
pressure 90 lbs. The end blew out from excessive pressure, as the
escape from the safety valve was prevented by a plug in the exit pipe.
_No. 21. Birmingham. (Fig. 11.) May 9th. 2 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 11._]
Plain Cylinder, 3ft. 2in. long, 1ft. 8in. diameter, plates 5/16 inch,
pressure 30 lbs. Workmanship and material very inferior. Piece of top
ripped out from manhole and allowed manlid to blow out through manhole.
The cause of the explosion was, the large manhole and over-pressure.
The safety valve was too small, and very roughly made.
_No. 22. Hartlepool. (Fig. 12.) May 10th. 1 killed, 1 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 12._]
Locomotive, 130 lbs. pressure. Barrel blown away and broken to pieces,
leaving fire and smoke boxes. The cause of explosion was supposed to be
the strain on the boiler caused by its being made a stay to the frame
without allowance for expansion, and thereby weakening a horizontal
seam.
_No. 23. Newark. (Fig. 13.) May 18th. 4 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 13._]
Cornish, one tube 20ft. 6in. long, 5ft. 4-1/2in. diameter, tube 3ft.
diameter, plates 3/8 inch, pressure 64 lbs. The ends came out and tube
collapsed for its full length, every joint being broken. The cause of
explosion was bad construction and workmanship, and tube too weak for
pressure.
_No. 24. Tamworth. (Fig. 14.) June 4th. 2 killed._
[Illustration: _Fig. 14._]
Two tube, externally fired, 30ft. long, 7ft. diameter, tubes 2ft. 4in.
diameter, pressure 50 lbs. Two plates lately put in bottom gave way,
and shell rent along bottom and opened out, dividing into several
pieces, which were scattered to great distances, but are arranged in
sketch so as to show their original position. The cause of explosion
was too frequent repair over the fireplace, and external firing.
_No. 25. Dudley. (Fig. 15.) July 10th. 1 killed, 2 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 15._]
Balloon, 22ft. diameter, pressure 5 lbs. Bottom blew out and was torn
in pieces. Main portion of shell fell over on to another boiler. The
cause of explosion was deep corrosion along the bottom where it rested
on the brickwork.
_No. 26. Batley. (Fig. 16.) July 11th. 3 killed, 3 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 16._]
One tube Cornish, 26ft. long, 8ft. 10-1/2in. diameter, tube 5ft.
diameter, for 8ft. 6in. of front end, tapering to 4ft. diameter at
back, pressure 30 lbs. Rent along bottom, allowing central ring of
plates to open out. The whole boiler was thrown some distance by the
reaction of issuing contents. The cause of explosion was corrosion at
mid-feather wall, the plates being little thicker than paper.
_No. 27. Rotherham. (Fig. 17.) July 13th. none injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 17._]
Two tube Cornish, 31ft. long, 7ft. diameter, tube 2ft. 7in., tapering
to 2ft., pressure 55 lbs. Left hand tube collapsed, and about the
centre of collapse, plate was torn in two pieces from seam to seam. The
cause of explosion was overheating, because the water was being let low
before all the fire was out.
_No. 28. Bilton. (Fig. 18.) July 24th. 1 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 18._]
Locomotive. Side-plate in the upper part of high top fire-box blew
away. The cause of explosion was most likely the boiler being made the
frame of the engine without allowance for expansion.
_No. 29. Ecclesfield. August 5th. 1 killed, 2 injured._
Full particulars were not obtained, but the steam and hot water were
allowed to come in from a neighbouring boiler through the blow-off pipe
while the men were cleaning.
_No. 30. Belfast. (Fig. 19.) August 27th. 7 killed, 3 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 19._]
Cornish, 18ft. long, 4ft. 9in. diameter, tube 1ft. 6in. diameter,
plates 3/8 inch, pressure 50 lbs. There were no stays. End plate blew
out while being caulked at a jump joint in back angle iron. The cause
of explosion was bad construction and want of stays, and also want of
proper care in working.
_No. 31. Plashetts. September 2nd. 2 injured._
Locomotive, but no details obtained.
_No. 32. Ashton. September 9th. none injured._
Two flued, 40 lbs. pressure. The cast-iron mouth-piece of manhole
fractured from insufficient strength, and allowed lid and upper flange
to blow off.
_No. 33. Blackburn. October 4th. 4 injured._
Water Heater, made of large bottle-shaped pipes placed in the flue. The
force of explosion caused the neighbouring boilers to be unseated. No
details have been obtained as to the cause of the explosion.
_No. 34. London. (Fig. 20.) October 7th. 1 killed._
[Illustration: _Fig. 20._]
One tube Cornish, 11ft. long, 4ft. diameter, plates 3/8 inch, tube 2ft.
1-1/2in. diameter, pressure 50 lbs. Gave way underneath. Top thrown
upwards. Front part and tube thrown to the front. The cause of the
explosion was extensive corrosion at the bottom where it touched the
walls.
_No. 35. Preston. October 31st. none injured._
Cornish, 26ft. long, 5ft. 6in. diameter, tube 2ft. 11in. diameter,
plates 3/8 inch. Pressure 30 lbs. Tube collapsed for want of proper
strengthening hoops, blowing out back end, and throwing boiler forward.
_No. 36. Durham. (Fig. 21.) November 3rd. 1 killed, 1 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 21._]
Plain Cylinder, 19ft. long, 6ft. diameter, pressure 40 lbs. It was 36
years old, and iron deteriorated and also much patched. The cause of
explosion was over-pressure for so old a boiler.
_No. 37. Bradford. (Fig. 22.) November 6th. 2 killed, 3 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 22._]
Agricultural, wagon-shaped, 6ft. 5in. long, 3ft. high, 2ft. 4in. wide,
plates 3/8 inch, pressure 50 lbs. Upper portion of barrel blew off. The
cause of the explosion was over-pressure from locked safety valve and
defective construction.
_No. 38. Sheffield. (Fig. 23.) November 7th. 1 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 23._]
Plain Cylinder, 12ft. 3in. long, 3ft. 11in. diameter, pressure 20
lbs., flat front, and round back end. Main portion thrown back and
front forward. Front torn all round the root of angle iron, and stay
rivets drawn through flat end. The cause of explosion was weakness of
construction of flat end, and bad safety valve, which could have been
loaded to 60 lbs.
_No. 39. Langley Mill. (Fig. 24.) November 11th. 3 killed, 10 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 24._]
Plain Cylinder, 40ft. long, 5ft. diameter, plates 7/16 inch, pressure
45 to 50 lbs. Parted at third seam, and front thrown forward and
main portion backwards. The cause of explosion was a seam-rip of old
standing near patch at place of first rupture.
_No. 40. Bradford. (Fig. 25.) November 14th. 4 killed, 3 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 25._]
Breeches tube 25ft. 6in. long, 7ft. 6in. diameter, plates 7/16 inch,
pressure 30 lbs. Front end and fire-grate tubes and taper junction
were thrown to the front in one piece. Main shell not injured. Back
part of tube remained in boiler. Bottom part of taper junction where
flattened to receive the two fire tubes, collapsed upwards. The cause
of explosion was the want of proper stays or strengthening tubes, and
consequent weakness. There was only one safety valve of small size.
_No. 41. Chippenham. (Fig. 26.) November 21st. 3 killed, 2 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 26._]
One tube Cornish, 11ft. long, 5ft. diameter, pressure 44 lbs. Tube gave
way at an old crack at back of strap-plate and partially collapsed.
_No. 42. Dudley. (Fig. 27.) November 27th. 1 killed._
[Illustration: _Fig. 27._]
Plain Cylinder, 25ft. long, 6ft. diameter, plates 7/16 inch, pressure
50 lbs. Had been a one tube Cornish, but tube had been taken out,
leaving flat ends. Back end was blown out. Main shell thrown forwards.
The cause of explosion was weakness of construction in not sufficiently
strengthening the flat end to compensate for loss of tube.
_No. 43. Shields. (Fig. 28.) December 7th. none injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 28._]
One tube Cornish, 28ft. long, 6ft. diameter, tube 4ft. diameter, plates
3/8 inch. Pressure 28 lbs. Tube collapsed for the whole length, but no
particulars of the cause obtained.
_No. 44. Belfast. December 14th. 2 killed._
Some repair had been done to a Boiler, and a blank flange used to stop
off the steam was being removed without shutting the stop-valves to the
other boilers, and the joint blew out when the bolts were loosened.
_No. 45. Manchester. (Fig. 29.) December 23rd. 6 killed, 4 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 29._]
One tube Cornish, 18ft. long, 6ft. diameter, tube 3ft. 2in. diameter,
plates 3/8 inch. Pressure 25 lbs. Rent along bottom, and two rings
of plates blown away, but tube and ends not much injured. The cause
of explosion was extensive corrosion on the part resting on the
mid-feather wall.
_No. 46. Barnsley. (Fig. 30.) December 28th. 1 killed._
[Illustration: _Fig. 30._]
Balloon, 11ft. 6in. diameter, and 11ft. 6in. high, plates 3/8 inch.
Bottom domed up 3ft. 6in. over fire; ordinary pressure 8 lbs. Boiler
had worked two days at 25 lbs. pressure, but safety valve loaded to 16
lbs. The cause of explosion was undue pressure for an old boiler of
such weak shape.
_No. 47. Leeds. (Fig. 31.) December 30th. 2 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 31._]
Two tube Cornish, 22ft. long, 7ft. 2in. diameter, tubes 2ft. 7in.
diameter, pressure 15 lbs. Rent along bottom, and shell blown away,
leaving tubes and ends nearly uninjured. The cause of explosion was,
that the bottom was corroded to a knife edge all along the mid-feather
wall.
_No. 48. Shields. (Fig. 32.) December 31st. 2 killed, 1 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 32._]
Plain Cylinder, 30ft. long, 4ft. 6in. diameter, plates 3/8 inch,
pressure 29 lbs. Rent over fire near where a new plate had lately been
put in. Front part of shell opened out and rent, and back end blew away
in one piece. The cause of explosion was deterioration from 20 years'
wear, and bad management.
BOILER EXPLOSIONS IN 1868.
_No. 1. Newcastle. (Fig. 1.) January 13th. none injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 1._]
One of three. Plain Cylinder, 27ft. long, 5ft. diameter, 3/8 inch
plates, 35 lbs. pressure. The boiler was much torn up, and all the
fragments thrown to the front of their original position. The cause of
the explosion was that the boiler was very old and much deteriorated,
so that it was unable to bear the ordinary pressure. The longitudinal
arrangement of the plates, and the entrance of the feed directly on the
bottom, no doubt contributed to the weakness.
_No. 2. Glasgow. January 27th. 1 killed, 5 injured._
One of four. Kier or steam chamber, and not used for generating steam.
It was 8ft. 6in. high, 6ft. 6in. diameter, 7/16 inch plates, 40 lbs.
pressure. It was rent from top to bottom, owing to inferior iron and
workmanship.
_No. 3. Sheffield. (Fig. 2.) January 28th. 1 killed._
[Illustration: _Fig. 2._]
One of four. One tube Cornish, 26ft. 4in. long, 6ft. 6in. diameter.
Tube 3ft. 9in. diameter, 3/8 inch plates, 15 lbs. pressure. The dotted
line shows outside shell of boiler. The tube collapsed from end to end
while the steam was being raised, owing to the weakness of so large a
tube without strengthening rings.
_No. 4. London. (Fig. 3.) January 29th. 1 killed._
[Illustration: _Fig. 3._]
One tube Cornish, 18ft. 3in. long, 4ft. 10in. diameter, 3/8 inch
plates. Tube 3ft. diameter, 5/16 inch plates. In sketch the external
shell is shown in outline to allow the tube to be seen. The tube
collapsed owing to shortness of water, and rent open at one seam,
allowing the contents to issue violently, although the boiler itself
was not disturbed.
_No. 5. Bolton. (Fig. 4.) January 31st. 1 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 4._]
Locomotive, 90 lbs. Sketch shows interior view of fire-box with front
removed. The left side of the copper fire-box burst inwards owing to
the plate in line of fracture being corroded to less than 1/8 inch.
_No. 6. Stoke. (Fig. 5.) February 6th. none injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 5._]
One of three. One tube Cornish, with two external fire grates with a
water tube over each fire. It was 30ft. 2in. long, 6ft. diameter. Tube
3ft. diameter, 3/8 inch plates, 40 lbs. pressure. External shell is
shown in dotted lines to allow of the tubes being seen. The tube had
formerly been placed rather higher in the boiler. The tube collapsed
sideways, having become overheated from shortness of water. The boiler
itself was but little disturbed.
_No. 7. Kelso. (Fig. 6.) February 11th. none injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 6._]
One tube Cornish, 9ft. 9in. long, 4ft. 6in. diameter. Tube 2ft. 3in.
diameter, 5/16 inch plates, 30 lbs. pressure. The boiler rent open at
the bottom, and was thrown a considerable distance by the reaction
of the issuing contents. The plates along the bottom were reduced by
corrosion to 1/16 inch where in contact with the brickwork, so that the
boiler was unable to bear the usual working pressure.
_No. 8. Durham. (Fig. 7.) February 12th. 2 killed, 1 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 7._]
One of four. External shell is shown in dotted lines in sketch, to
allow the tubes to be seen. It was 20ft. long, 7ft. diameter, 40 lbs.
pressure. The two internal fire grates in the flues were 2ft. 8in.
diameter, which joined at the back with a central return flue to a
chimney passing out of the top of the boiler. The sides of flues were
flattened to allow them to be packed closer together, and especially
the central return flue, which was flattened on both sides, and thus
rendered so weak that the left side collapsed and allowed the contents
of the boiler to issue, blowing out the grate on the left side.
_No. 9. Halifax. (Fig. 8.) March 3rd. none injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 8._]
Plain Cylinder, with flat ends, 18ft. 6in. long, 3ft. 11in. diameter,
3/8 inch plates, 50 lbs. pressure. The back end gave way at the root
of the angle iron all round, and was thrown 60 yards to the rear. The
boiler was forced forward, and tilted up by the reaction of the issuing
contents, and forced through a wall. The cause of explosion was the
want of sufficient stays to the flat end.
_No. 10. Newcastle. (Fig. 9.) April 4th. 1 killed, 4 injured._
[Illustration: _Fig. 9._]
One of four. Plain Cylinder, 28ft. long, 6ft. diameter, 3/8 inch
plates, 30 lbs. pressure. The boiler was much torn and scattered,
and much damage was done. The plates were improperly arranged
longitudinally. The boiler gave way at a patch lately put on, and had
become so deteriorated by nearly 30 years' wear, that it was unable to
bear the usual pressure.
_No. 11. Aberdeen. April 7th. 1 killed._
Two tube Cornish, 6ft. diameter. Few particulars have been obtained.
The upper part of front end was blown out and did considerable damage.
Most likely this was for want of proper stays.
_No. 12. April 15th. 1 injured._
One of four. One tube Cornish, 15ft. long, 4ft. 7in. diameter. Tube
2ft. 8in. diameter, 1/4 inch plates, 60 lbs. pressure. The tube
collapsed and rent open near the bridge, owing to its weakness with
such thin plates and no strengthening rings.
_No. 13. Cornwall. May 1st. 1 killed._
No details obtained. One tube Cornish. Tube collapsed, owing to its
weakness without strengthening rings.
_No. 14. Cornwall. May 9th. none injured._
Few particulars obtained. One tube Cornish, 34ft. long. Tube 4ft.
diameter, 3/8 inch plates, 40 lbs. pressure. Tube collapsed owing to
its weakness without strengthening rings.
_No. 15. Oldham. May 11th. 1 killed, 1 injured._
A very small plain cylinder, 3ft. 5in. long, 1ft. 8in. diameter, 1/4
inch plates, 45 lbs. pressure. It burst at a faulty place at the lower
part of the back, on the left hand side, allowing the hot water to
issue, but the boiler was not much disturbed.
_No. 16. Bristol. May 11th. 1 killed._