_Helixus_, viii. 133.
_Hellanikus_, his treatment of mythes, i. 390;
contrasted with Saxo Grammaticus and Snorro Sturleson, i. 468.
_Hellas_, division of, i. 100;
proper, ii. 212;
mountain systems of, ii. 212 _seq._;
islands and colonies of, ii. 224;
most ancient, ii. 268;
first historical manifestation of, as an aggregate body, iv. 318.
_Hellê_ and Phryxus, i. 123.
_Hellên_ and his sons, i. 99 _seq._
_Hellênes_, i. 99, ii. 236 _seq._, 255 _seq._
_Hellenic_ religion and customs in the Trôad, i. 337;
cities, ii. 257.
_Hellênion_ at Naukratis, iii. 336.
_Hellenism_, definition of, xii. 270.
_Hellenotamiæ_, v. 265, viii. 310.
_Hellespont_, bridges of Xerxes over, v. 15 _seq._, 19 _n._;
crossed by Xerxes, v. 31;
retreating march of Xerxes to, v. 144 _seq._;
Grecian fleet at, B. C. 479, v. 200;
Strombichidês at, viii. 96;
Peloponnesian reinforcement to, B. C. 411, viii. 97;
Mindarus and Thrasyllus at, viii. 102, 109, 117;
Athenians and Peloponnesians at, after the battle of Kynossêma,
viii. 117;
Thrasyllus and Alkibiadês at, viii. 131;
Thrasybulus at, ix. 366;
Iphikrates at, ix. 369 _seq._;
Antalkidas at, ix. 384;
Epaminondas at, x. 301, 306;
Timotheus at, x. 301, 306, 368;
Autoklês at, x. 371 _seq._;
operations of the Athenians at, B. C. 357, xi. 224;
disputes between Athens and Philip about, xi. 450;
imprudence of the Persians in letting Alexander cross the, xii. 78.
_Helôris_, unsuccessful expedition of, xi. 5, 7, 15.
_Helots_, ii. 373 _seq._;
Pausanias and, v. 270;
revolt of, v. 315 _seq._;
at Ithômê, capitulation of, v. 333;
assassination of, vi. 368 _seq._;
Brasidean, vii. 21;
brought back to Pylus, vii. 71;
and the invasion of, Laconia by Epaminondas, x. 219;
establishment of, with the Messenians, x. 229 _seq._
_Helus_, conquered by Alkamenês, ii. 420.
_Hephæstion_, xii. 246, 247, 252, 254.
_Hephæstos_, i. 10, 58.
_Hêræon_ near Mykênæ, i. 165.
_Hêræon Teichos_, siege of, by Philip, xi. 307.
_Hêrakleia Pontica_, i. 241; xii. 460 _seq._;
the Ten Thousand Greeks at, ix. 146.
_Hêrakleia in Italy_, iii. 384, vi. 14.
_Hêrakleia in Sicily_, v. 207;
Dion at, xi. 89, 90 _seq._
_Hêrakleia Trachinea_, vi. 90 _seq._; vii. 60, ix. 284, 302,
xi. 90 _seq._
_Hêrakleid_ kings of Corinth, ii. 307.
_Hêrakleides the Syracusan_, exile of, xi. 86;
victory of, over Philistus, xi. 100;
and Dion, xi. 101, 105, 110, 112 _seq._, 121;
victory of, over Nypsius, xi. 107;
death of, xi. 122.
_Hêrakleides_, governor of the Pontic Herakleia, xii. 469, 470.
_Hêrakleids_, i. 94, 95, ii. 1 _seq._;
Lydian dynasty of, iii. 222.
_Hêraklês_, i. 92 _seq._;
attack of, on Pylos, i. 110;
and Alkêstis, i. 113;
overthrows Orchomenos, i. 133;
death of, i. 151;
and Hylas, i. 234;
and Laomedôn, i. 286;
Tyrian temple of, iii. 269.
_Hêraklês_, son of Alexander, xii. 372.
_Hêrê_, i. 6, 7, 10, 58;
and Mykênæ, i. 165;
temple of, near Argos, burnt, vi. 451;
Lakinian, robe of, xi. 52.
_Herippidas_, ix. 285, 326, 339.
_Hermæ_, mutilation of, at Athens, vii. 167 _seq._, 199 _seq._
_Hermeias_ of Atarneus, xi. 441.
_Hermes_, i. 10, 58 _seq._
_Hermionê_, i. 163.
_Hermokratês_, at the congress at Gela, vii. 137;
and the Athenian armament, vii. 182;
recommendations of, after the battle near Olympieion, vii. 227;
speech of at Kamarina, vii. 229;
urges the Syracusans to attack the Athenians at sea, vii. 290;
postpones the Athenians’ retreat from Syracuse, vii. 330;
and Tissaphernês, vii. 390; viii. 98;
in the Ægean, x. 385 _seq._;
banishment of, x. 387 _seq._;
his return to Sicily, and death, x. 415 _seq._
_Hermokratean_ party, x. 432;
exiles, x. 438.
_Hermolaus_, xii. 221.
_Hermotybii_ and Kalasiries, iii. 316.
_Herodotus_, on Minôs, i. 228, 229;
on Helen and the Trojans, i. 308;
treatment of mythes by, i. 393 _seq._;
his view of Lykurgus, ii. 343;
his story of Solon and Crœsus, iii. 151 _seq._;
chronological mistakes of, iii. 154 _n._, 198 _n._ 3;
chronological discrepancies of, respecting Kyaxarês, iii. 232 _n._;
his description of Scythia, iii. 236 _seq._;
his account of Babylon, iii. 295 _seq._, 297 _n._ 2;
distinction between what he professes to have seen and heard,
iii. 309;
on the effects of despotism and democracy upon the Athenians,
iv. 178;
and Ktêsias, on Cyrus, iv. 185;
chronology of his life and authorship, iv. 277 _n._, v. 49 _n._;
his narrative of Darius’s march into Scythia, iv. 265 _seq._;
does not mention Pythagoras in connection with the war between
Sybaris and Kroton, iv. 416;
historical manner and conception of, v. 5, 11, _n._ 3;
his estimate of the number of Xerxes’s army, v. 36 _seq._;
doubts about the motives ascribed to Xerxes at Thermopylæ by, v. 87;
a proof of the accuracy of, v. 89 _n._;
on the movements of the Persian fleet before the battle of Salamis,
v. 132 _nn._
_Heroes_ appear with gods and men on mythes, i. 64;
Greek, at Aulis, i. 293 _seq._, 289;
Greek, analogy of Alexander to, xii. 70.
_Heroic_ race, i. 66, legends, i. 424.
_Hesiod_, theogony of, i. 3, 16, 20, 74;
family affairs of, i. 72;
Iapetids in, i. 73;
complaints of, against kings, ii. 73;
dark picture of Greece by, ii. 91.
_Hesiodic_ mythes traceable to Krête and Delphi, i. 15;
“Works and Days”, i. 66 _seq._;
philosophy, i. 367;
Greeks, ii. 114 _seq._;
epic, ii. 119.
_Hesionê_, i. 286.
_Hesperides_, dragon of, i. 7.
_Hesperides_, town of, iv. 32 _n._ 2, 42.
_Hestia_, i. 6, 7, 58.
_Hestiæa_ on Ilium, i. 329.
_Hetæræ_, vi. 100.
_Hetæries_, at Athens, vi. 290, viii. 15.
_Hexameter_, the ancient, i. 73;
new metres superadded to, iv. 75.
_Hierax_, ix. 373.
_Hiero of Syracuse_, v. 227 _seq._
_Hieromnêmôn_, ii. 246.
_Hiketas_, xi. 128;
and the Syracusans, xi. 134;
message of, to Corinth and to Timoleon, xi. 143, 144;
defeat of, at Adranum, xi. 148;
and Magon, xi. 156 _seq._, 159;
flight of, from Syracuse to Leontini, xi. 161;
capitulation of, with Timoleon, xi. 170;
invites the Carthaginians to invade Sicily, xi. 171;
defeat, surrender, and death of, xi. 181, 182.
_Himera_, iii. 367;
battle of, v. 221 _seq._;
treatment of, by Thêro, v. 228;
capture of, by Hannibal, x. 410 _seq._;
defeat of Agathokles at the, xii. 408 _seq._
_Hindoos_, rivers personified by, i. 342 _n._ 2;
their belief with regard to the small pox, i. 360 _n._;
belief of, in fabulous stories, i. 430 _n._;
expensiveness of marriage among, iii. 141 _n._ 2;
sentiment of, with regard to the discontinuance of sacrifices,
xii. 43 _n._ 1.
_Hindoo Koosh_, Alexander at, xii. 200;
Alexander reduces the country between the Indus and, xii. 224 _seq._
_Hindostan_, hoarding in, xii. 175 _n._ 3.
_Hipparchus_, ii. 153 _n._, iv. 111 _seq._
_Hipparinus_, son of Dionysius, xi. 130.
_Hippeis_, Solonian, iii. 118.
_Hippias_, of Elis, viii. 380 _seq._
_Hippias, Peisistratid_, iv. 111 _seq._, 120 _seq._, 281, 356 _n._ 2.
_Hippo_, iv. 385.
_Hippodameia_, i. 159.
_Hippodamus_, vi. 20.
_Hippokleidês_, iii. 39.
_Hippokratês the physician_, i. 373; viii. 426 _n._ 2.
_Hippokratês of Gela_, v. 213 _seq._
_Hippokratês, the Athenian general_, vi. 370 _seq._, 379, 382 _seq._,
388.
_Hippon_, xi. 184.
_Hipponikus_, iii. 102.
_Hipponium_, capture of, xi. 17;
re-establishment of, xi. 43.
_Hipponoidas_, vii. 85, 89.
_Histiæus_ and the bridge over the Danube, iv. 272;
and Myrkinus, iv. 273, 277;
detention of, at Susa, iv. 277;
and the Ionic revolt, iv. 284, 299 _seq._, 309.
_Historians_, treatment of mythes by, i. 391 _seq._
_Historical_ proof, positive evidence indispensable to, i. 430;
sense of modern times not to be applied to an unrecording age,
i. 432;
evidence, the standard of, raised with regard to England, but not
with regard to Greece, i. 485;
and legendary Greece compared, ii. 60 _seq._
_Historicizing_ innovations in the tale of Troy, i. 333;
of ancient mythes, i. 409 _seq._;
applicable to all mythes, or none, i. 422.
_History_, uninteresting to early Greeks, i. 359;
of England, how conceived down to the seventeenth century,
i. 482 _seq._;
and legend, Grecian, blank between, ii. 33 _seq._;
Grecian first period of, from B. C. 776 to 560, ii. 270, 273;
Grecian, second period of, from B. C. 560 to 300, ii. 270 _seq._;
religious conception of, common to Greeks and Persians, v. 10.
_Homer_ and Hesiod, mythology of, i. 12;
personality and poems of, ii. 127 _seq._
_Homeric Zeus_, i. 12;
hymns, i. 34, 37 _seq._, 45, 59, 60, iii. 168 _seq._;
legend of the birth of Hêraklês, i. 93 _seq._;
Pelops, i. 159;
gods, types of, i. 350;
age, mythical faith of, i. 359;
philosophy, i. 368;
account of the inhabitants of Peloponnesus, ii. 12;
Boulê and Agora, ii. 65 _seq._;
Greeks, social condition of, ii. 97 _seq._, 107;
Greeks, unity, idea of, partially revived, ii. 162 _seq._;
epoch, right conception of, ii. 174;
mode of fighting, ii. 457;
geography, iii. 204.
_Homêrids_, the poetical gens of, ii. 132.
_Homicide_, purification for, i. 25, 26;
mode of dealing with, in legendary and historical Greece,
ii. 93 _seq._;
tribunals for, at Athens, iii. 77;
Drake’s laws of, retained by Solon, iii. 134;
trial for and the senate of Areopagus, v. 368 _n._
_Homoioi_, Spartan, ii. 363, 418.
_Hoplêtes_, iii. 51.
_Hôræ_, the, i. 10.
_Horkos_, i. 7, 8.
_Horse_, the wooden, of Troy, i. 302, 309.
_Horsemen_ at Athens, after the restoration of the democracy,
B. C. 403, viii. 305.
_Hospitality_ in legendary Greece, ii. 84.
_Human_ sacrifices in Greece, i. 126 _seq._
_Hyakinthia_ and the Lacedæmonians, v. 153.
_Hyakinthus_, i. 168.
_Hyblæan Megara_, iii. 365.
_Hydarnês_, v. 88.
_Hydaspes_, Alexander at the, xii. 227 _seq._;
Alexander sails down the, xii. 333.
_Hydra_, the Lernæan, i. 7.
_Hydra_, sailors of, v. 51 _n._ 2.
_Hykkara_, capture of, vii. 216.
_Hylas_ and Hêraklês, i. 234.
_Hylleis_, ii. 360.
_Hyllus_, i. 94, 177.
_Hymns_, Homeric, i. 34, 37 _seq._, 45, 59, 60, iii. 168 _seq._;
at festival in honor of gods, i. 49.
_Hypaspistæ_, xii. 61.
_Hyperbolus_, iv. 151, vii. 108 _seq._, viii. 27.
_Hyperides_, xi. 509, xii. 298 _n._ 1, 305 _n._, 326, 327.
_Hyperiôn_, i. 5, 6.
_Hypermênes_, x. 146.
_Hypermnêstra_, i. 88.
_Hyphasis_, Alexander at, xii. 231.
_Hypomeiones_, Spartan, ii. 363, 418.
_Hyrkania_, Alexander in, xii. 166.
I.
_Ialmenos_ and Askalaphos, i. 130.
_Iapetids_ in Hesiod, i. 74.
_Iapetos_, i. 5, 6.
_Iapygians_, iii. 392.
_Iasus_, capture of, vii. 389.
_Iberia_ in Spain, iii. 275.
_Iberians_ and Dionysius, x. 510.
_Ida_ in Asia, iii. 195, 197.
_Ida_ in Crête, Zeus at, i. 6.
_Idanthyrsus_, iv. 267.
_Idas_, i. 169, 171.
_Idomenê_, Demosthenês at, vi. 306 _seq._
_Idrieus_, xi. 437.
_Ikarus_, i. 225.
_Iliad_ and the Trojan war, i. 297;
and Odyssey, date, structure, and authorship of, ii. 118-209.
_Ilium_, i. 286, 334 _seq._
_Illyria_, Dionysius’s schemes of conquest in, xi. 24.
_Illyrians_, different tribes of, iv. 1 _seq._;
retreat of Perdikkas and Brasidas before, vi. 447 _seq._;
victory of Philip over, xi. 214 _seq._;
defeat of, by Alexander, xii. 28 _seq._
_Ilus_, i. 285, 286.
_Imbros_, iv. 28, 278 _seq._
_Imilkon_ and Hannibal, invasion of Sicily by, x. 421 _seq._;
at Agrigentum, x. 425 _seq._;
at Gela, x. 447 _seq._;
and Dionysius, x. 454 _seq._;
at Motyê, x. 479, 490;
capture of Messênê by, 491 _seq._;
and the Campanians of Ætna, x. 497;
before Syracuse, x. 498 _seq._;
flight of, from Syracuse, x. 510;
miserable end of, x. 511.
_Inachus_, i. 82.
_Indus_, Alexander at, xii. 225 _seq._, 233 _seq._;
voyage of Nearchus from the mouth of, to that of the Tigris,
xii. 235, 237.
_Industry_, manufacturing, at Athens, iii. 136 _seq._
_Infantry_ and oligarchy, iii. 31.
_Inland_ and maritime cities contrasted, ii. 225.
_Inô_, i. 123 _seq._
_Inscriptions_, ii. 41.
_Interest_ on loans, iii. 107 _seq._, 159.
_Interpreters_, Egyptian, iii. 327.
_Io_, legend of, i. 84 _seq._
_Iôn_, i. 198, 204.
_Iônia_, emigrants to, ii. 24 _seq._;
conquest of, by Harpagus, iv. 202;
Mardonius’s deposition of despots in, iv. 312;
expedition of Astyochus to, vii. 382;
expedition of Thrasyllus to, viii. 129.
_Ionian_, the name a reproach, iii. 169.
_Ionians_, ii. 12, 13;
and Darius’s bridge over the Danube, iv. 271 _seq._;
abandonment of, by the Athenians, iv. 297;
at Ladê, iv. 301 _seq._;
at Mykalê, v. 192 _seq._, 197;
after the battle of Mykalê, v. 199.
_Ionic_ emigration, ii. 21, 24 _seq._, iii. 172;
tribes in Attica, iii. 50, 52 _seq._;
cities in Asia, iii. 172 _seq._, 260;
and Italic Greeks, iii. 398;
revolt, iv. 285 _seq._, 306 _n._ 2;
philosophers, iv. 378;
Sicilians and Athens, vii. 132;
alphabet and the Athenian laws, viii. 308.
_Iphigeneia_, i. 293.
_Iphiklos_, i. 110.
_Iphikrates_, destruction of a Lacedæmonian _mora_ by, ix. 327 _n._,
341 _n._, 348 _seq._;
military improvements and successes of, ix. 335 _seq._, 353;
defeat of Anaxibius by, ix. 370 _seq._;
proceedings of, between B. C. 387-378, x. 105 _seq._;
and Kotys, x. 106, 299, 369, 374;
expedition of, to Korkyra, x. 149 _seq._, 154 _n._;
and Timotheus, x. 149, 299, xi. 231 _seq._;
expedition of, to aid Sparta against Thebes, x. 237 _seq._;
in Thrace and Macedonia, x. 250 _seq._, 299;
in the Hellespont, xi. 224;
and Chares, xi. 224 _seq._
_Iphikrates the Younger_, xii. 129.
_Ipsus_, battle of, xii. 387.
_Iran_, territory of, iv. 184.
_Irasa_, iv. 31.
_Iris_, i. 7.
_Iron race_, the, i. 66.
_Isagoras_, iv. 126, 164 _seq._
_Ischagoras_, vi. 449.
_Ischolaus_, x. 217.
_Ischys_, i. 178.
_Isidas_, x. 332.
_Islands_ in the Ægean, ii. 234.
_Ismenias_ in the north of Bœotia, ix. 301;
and Leontiades, x. 59;
trial and execution of, x. 63.
_Ismenias_ and Pelopidas, x. 277 _seq._, 283, 285.
_Isokratês_, his treatment of mythes, i. 407 _n._ 2;
on the origin of Periœki, ii. 367;
panegyrical oration of, x. 44, 77;
the Plataic oration of, x. 163;
the Archidamus of, x. 228 _n._ 2, 229 _n._ 1, 291 _n._ 2;
his letter to Philip, xi. 282, 436.
_Issêdones_, iii. 245.
_Issus_, Alexander at, before the battle, xii. 114;
Darius at, before the battle, xii. 117;
battle of, xii. 118 _seq._;
inaction of Darius after the battle of, xii. 152;
and its neighborhood, as connected with the battle, xii. 491 _seq._
_Isthmian games_, i. 124, ii. 242, iv. 65 _seq._;
Eleians excluded from, i. 140, ii. 306 _n._;
B. C. 412, vii. 368;
and Agesilaus, ix. 344.
_Istônê_, Korkyræan fugitives at, vi. 278, 313, 357 _seq._
_Italia_, iii. 350.
_Italian_ Greeks, iii. 369, 392, 394 _seq._, xi. 7 _seq._, 133,
xii. 394.
_Italians_, iii. 369.
_Italy and Sicily_, early languages and history of, iii. 354 _n._
_Italy_, the voyage from Greece to, iii. 361;
Grecian colonies in, iii. 354, 360, 374 _seq._;
decline of Greek power in, after the fall of Sybaris, iv. 415;
Southern, affairs of, B. C. 382-369, xi. 43.
_Ithômê_, ii. 422, v. 316.
J.
_Jason_, i. 114 _seq._, 237 _seq._
_Jason of Pheræ_, x. 137 _seq._, 147 _n._, 153, 189 _seq._, 195 _seq._
_Jaxartes_, Alexander at the, xii. 204 _seq._
_Jocasta_, i. 266 _seq._
_Jurkæ_, iii. 245.
_Jury-trial_, characteristics of, exhibited in the Athenian
dikasteries, v. 385 _seq._
K.
_Kabala_, victory of Dionysius at, xi. 41.
_Kabeirichus_, x. 85.
_Kadmeia_, at Thebes, seizure of, by Phœbidas, x. 58 _seq._;
surrender of, by the Lacedæmonians, x. 88 _seq._
_Kadmus_, i. 257 _seq._
_Kalais_ and Zêtês, i. 199.
_Kalasiries_ and Hermotybii, iii. 316.
_Kalauria_, i. 56;
Amphiktyony at, i. 133;
the Athenian allied armament at, x. 148;
death of Demosthenes at, xii. 327 _seq._
_Kalchas_, wanderings and death of, i. 313.
_Kalê Aktê_, foundation of, vii. 125.
_Kallias_, treaty of, v. 336 _seq._
_Kallias, son of Kalliades_, vi. 70, 72.
_Kallias_ at the congress at Sparta, B. C. 371, x. 165.
_Kallias of Chalkis_, xi. 341 _seq._, 452.
_Kallibius, the Lacedæmonian_, viii. 242; ix. 188.
_Kallibius_ of Tegea, x. 209.
_Kalliklês_, in Plato, viii. 382 _seq._
_Kallikratidas_, viii. 160 _seq._, 263.
_Kallimachus_, the polemarch, iv. 341, 348.
_Kallinus_, iv. 73, 77.
_Kallipidæ_, iii. 239.
_Kallippus_, xi. 123 _seq._, 128 _seq._
_Kallirrhoe_, i. 7, 282.
_Kallisthenês, the historian_, i. 410.
_Kallisthenes, the general_, failure and condemnation of, x. 370,
xi. 423.
_Kallisthenes of Olynthus_, xii. 213, 216 _seq._, 222 _seq._
_Kallistô_, i. 175.
_Kallistratus_, x. 110, 164, _seq._, 172, 288, xi. 266.
_Kallixenus_, viii. 194 _seq._, 203, 205.
_Kalpê_, the Ten Thousand Greeks at, ix. 148 _seq._
_Kalydônian_ boar, i. 143, 146 _seq._
_Kamarina_, iii. 366;
restoration of, to independence, v. 237;
and the Athenians, vii. 194;
Athenian and Syracusan envoys at, vii. 229 _seq._;
neutral policy of, B. C. 415, vii. 233;
evacuation of, x. 450;
and Timoleon, xi. 187.
_Kambyses_, iv. 47, 218 _seq._
_Kandaulês_, iii. 220.
_Kannônus_, psephism of, viii. 197 _n._
_Kanôpic branch of the Nile_., opening of, to Greek traffic, iii. 327.
_Kapaneus_. i. 273, 278.
_Kappadokia_ subdued by Alexander, xii. 111.
_Kardia_, Athenian fleet at, viii. 120;
alliance of, with Philip, xi. 451;
Eumenes of, xii. 74.
_Karduchians_, and the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 95 _seq._
_Karia_, resistance of, to Daurisês, iv. 294.
_Karmania_, Alexander’s bacchanalian procession through, xii. 237.
_Karneian_ festival, ii. 306 _n._, v. 78.
_Karneius_ Apollo, i. 49.
_Karnus_, ii. 3.
_Karpathus_, ii. 31.
_Karystus_, iv. 331, v. 303.
_Kassander_, Alexander’s treatment of, xii. 254;
schemes of, on Antipater’s death, xii. 339;
and Polysperchon, war between, xii. 360;
gets possession of Athens, xii. 361;
in Peloponnesus, xii. 365;
defeat of Olympias by, xii. 366;
confederacy of, with Lysimachus, Ptolemy, and Seleukus against
Antigonus, xii. 367, 372, 382, 387;
founds Kassandreia and restores Thebes, xii. 368;
and Alexander, son of Polysperchon, xii. 368, 369;
and the Ætolians, xii. 370;
measures of Antigonus against, xii. 369, 370;
great power of, in Greece, xii. 371;
Ptolemy, and Lysimachus, pacification of, with Antigonus, xii. 371;
compact of Polysperchon with, xii. 372, 381;
Ptolemy makes a truce with, xii. 373;
success of Demetrius Poliorketes in Greece against, xii. 382;
truce of, with Demetrius Poliorketes, xii. 387;
death of, xii. 389.
_Kassandra_. i. 287.
_Kastôr_ and Pollux, i. 169 _seq._
_Katabothra_, ii. 218.
_Katana_, iii. 364;
and Ætna, v. 236;
Alkibiadês at, vii. 194;
Nikias at, vii. 234;
conquest of, by Dionysius, x. 468;
Carthaginian naval victory near, x. 495;
Hiketas and Magon at, xi. 156.
_Katônakophori_, iii. 35.
_Katreus_ and Althæmenês, i. 224.
_Kaulonia_, iii. 384, xi. 14, 17;
Dikon of, xi. 28.
_Kaunus_, Antisthenês at, vii. 397.
_Käystru-Pedion_, march of Cyrus from Keramôn-Agora to, ix. 17 _n._ 2.
_Kebalinus_, xii. 191, 194.
_Kekrops_, i. 195 _seq._;
the second, i. 204.
_Kelænæ_, Alexander at, xii. 101.
_Keleos_, i. 38 _seq._, 196.
_Keleustes_, vi. 200 _n._
_Kenchreæ_, Peloponnesian fleet at, vii. 382.
_Kentrites_, the Ten Thousand Greeks at the, ix. 99 _seq._
_Kephallênia_, iii. 410, vi. 135, 141.
_Kephalus_, i. 195 _n._ 4, 198;
and Dionysius at Syracuse, xi. 167.
_Kephisodotus_, x. 374, 377.
_Kerasus_, the Ten Thousand Greeks at, ix. 127.
_Kersobleptes_, x. 366;
and Charidemus, x. 366, 378, 379;
intrigue of, against Athens, xi. 258;
and the peace and alliance between Athens and Philip,
xi. 396 _seq._;
defeat of, by Philip, xi. 443.
_Kertch_, tumuli near, xii. 487 _seq._
_Ketô_, i. 7.
_Keyx_ and Alcyone, i. 135.
_Kilikia_, Alexander in, xii. 113, 114;
Darius in, xii. 116.
_Kimon_ and Themistoklês, v. 278, 280;
capture of Skyros by, v. 304, 304 _n._ 2.;
victories of, at the Eurymedon, v. 308;
trial and acquittal of, v. 312, 365;
and the Spartan application for aid against the Helots, v. 318, 365;
recall of, from ostracism, v. 329;
death of, v. 335, 340;
political party of, v. 361;
and Periklês, v. 329, 362 _seq._, 371;
character of, v. 364;
ostracism of, v. 366.
_Kimonian_ treaty, the so-called, v. 337 _seq._
_Kinadon_, conspiracy and character of, ix. 251 _seq._
_King_, the, in legendary Greece, ii. 61 _seq._, 74 _seq._;
the, in historical Greece, ii. 76;
English theory of a, iii. 13.
_Kings_, Egyptian, iii. 321, 330 _n._ 2.
_Kingship_, discontinuance of, in Greece generally, ii. 76, iii. 8;
in mediæval and modern Europe, iii. 8 _seq._
_Kinyps_ and Dorieus, iv. 36.
_Kirrha_, iv. 60 _n._, 61 _seq._, xi. 468 _seq._, 474.
_Kirrhæans_, punishment of, iv. 62 _seq._
_Kissidas_, x. 265.
_Klarus_, temple of Apollo at, iii. 185.
_Klazomenæ_, iii. 188, vii. 372, 384, 391.
_Kleander_ of Gela, v. 207.
_Kleander the Lacedæmonian_, ix. 149 _seq._, 152, 154, 165, xii. 197.
_Kleandridas_, vi. 14.
_Kleandridês_, v. 349.
_Klearchus the Lacedæmonian_, at the Hellespont, viii. 96;
at Byzantium, viii. 128;
and Cyrus the Younger, ix. 8, 22 _seq._;
and Menon’s soldiers, ix. 35;
and Ariæus, ix. 52;
and Tissaphernes, ix. 63, 70 _seq._
_Klearchus of the Pontic Herakleia_, xii. 461 _seq._
_Klearidas_, vi. 450, 470, 472, vii. 3.
_Kleinas_, iii. 102.
_Kleisthenês of Sikyôn_, i. 279, ii. 129, iii. 32 _seq._
_Kleisthenês the Athenian_, revolution in Attic tribes by,
iii. 63, 67;
and the oracle at Delphi, iv. 121;
retirement and recall of, iv. 164, 165;
development of Athenian energy after, iv. 176;
changes in the constitution of, after the Persian war, v. 275.
_Kleïppidês_, vi. 224 _seq._
_Kleitarchus_, xi. 450, 452.
_Kleitus the Illyrian_, xii. 28 _seq._
_Kleitus, Alexander’s general_, xii. 85, 208 _seq._
_Kleobulê_, mother of Demosthenes, xi. 263.
_Kleobûlus_ and Xenarês, vii. 24 _seq._
_Kleokritus_, viii. 270.
_Kleombrotus_, x. 94 _seq._, 129, 136, 176 _seq._, 180 _seq._
_Kleomenês I._, his expeditions to Athens, iv. 122, 164 _seq._;
and Aristagoras, iv. 287;
defeat of Argeians by, iv. 320 _seq._;
return of, without attacking Argos, iv. 321;
trial of, iv. 323;
and the Æginetans, iv. 325, 328;
and Demaratus, iv. 325 _seq._;
violent proceedings and death of, v. 45.
_Kleomenês III._, ii. 349, 350.
_Kleomenês, Alexander’s satrap_, xii. 241, 253, 253 _n._ 1.
_Kleon the Athenian_, first mention of, by Thucydidês, vi. 244;
policy and character of, vi. 246, 480 _seq._;
and Mitylênê, vi. 249 _seq._;
political function of, vi. 290, 292;
and the prisoners in Sphakteria, vi. 329 _seq._;
expedition of, to Pylus, vi. 336 _seq._;
warlike influence of, vi. 355, 457 _seq._;
at Amphipolis, vi. 462 _seq._, 467 _seq._;
capture of Torônê by, vi. 463;
at Eion, vi. 463;
Thucydidês’s treatment of, vi. 479, 483 _seq._;
and Aristophanês, vi. 481 _seq._, 485.
_Kleon, of Halikarnassus_, ix. 237, 300.
_Kleônæ_ and Argos, ii. 464, iv. 65 _n._ 2.
_Kleonikê_ and Pausanias, v. 255.
_Kleonymus_, xii. 448, 449.
_Kleopatra, wife of Philip_, xi. 513 _seq._, 518 _n._ 2,
xii. 4 _seq._, 8.
_Kleopatra, daughter of Philip_, xi. 514, xii. 321, 372.
_Kleophon_, viii. 123.
_Kleopus_, iii. 228.
_Kleruchies, Athenian_, revival of B. C. 365, vi. 31 _n._,
x. 296 _seq._
_Kleruchs, Athenian_, in Chalkis, iv. 170;
in Lesbos, vi. 257;
after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 223.
_Klonas_, musical improvements of, iv. 75.
_Klothô_, i. 7.
_Klymenê_, i. 6.
_Klytæmnêstra_, i. 162, 168.
_Knêmus_, vi. 193 _seq._, 202, 213.
_Knidus_, settlement of, ii. 31;
maritime contests near, B. C. 412 vii. 394;
Antisthenês and Astyochus at, vii. 397;
the battle of, ix. 283;
and Agesilaus, ix. 312;
reverses of Sparta after the battle of, 317.
_Knights at Athens_, viii. 305, ix. 183.
_Knôpus_, iii. 187.
_Kodrids_, i. 112.
_Kodrus_, ii. 24;
archons after, iii. 48.
_Kœnus_, xii. 194, 195, 232.
_Kœos_, i. 5, 7.
_Kœratadus_, viii. 134, iv. 160, 163.
_Kôês_, iv. 270, 273, 285.
_Kokalus_, i. 225 _seq._
_Kôlæus_, his voyage to Tartêssus, iii. 279.
_Kôlakretæ_, iv. 137.
_Kolchians_ and the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 112, 126.
_Kolchis_, and the Argonautic expedition, i. 241, 255.
_Kolônus_, Athenian assembly at, viii. 35.
_Kolophôn_, iii. 184 _seq._
_Konipodes_, iii. 35.
_Konon_ at Naupaktus, vii. 358;
at Andros, viii. 151;
appointment of, to succeed Alkibiadês, viii. 159;
at Samos, 160;
at Mitylênê, viii. 166 _seq._;
escape of, from Ægospotami, viii. 219;
renewed activity of, ix. 255, 269;
at Rhodes, ix. 270;
visit of, to the Persian court, ix. 280 _seq._;
and Pharnabazus, ix. 281, 318, 321 _seq._;
rebuilds the Long Walls of Athens, ix. 322;
large plans of, ix. 325;
sent as envoy to Tiribazus, ix. 359;
arrest of, ix. 361;
long absence of, from Athens, x. 108 _n._ 2.
_Kopaïs_, lake of, i. 132.
_Korkyra_ and the Argonauts, i. 243;
early inhabitants of, iii. 402;
relations of, with Corinth, iii. 403 _seq._;
relations of, with Epirus, iii. 405;
and Corinth, joint settlements of, iii. 405 _seq._;
commerce of, iii. 409;
and Corinth, disputes between, vi. 51 _seq._;
application of the Epidamnian democracy to, vi. 52;
and Corinth, hostilities between, vi. 55, 63 _seq._;
and Corinth, decision of the Athenians between, vi. 62;
oligarchical violence at, vi. 270 _seq._;
vengeance of the victorious Demos at, B. C. 427, vi. 275 _seq._;
Nikostratus and Alkidas at, vi. 282;
revolutions at, contrasted with those at Athens, vi. 283;
distress at, B. C. 425, vi. 313;
expedition of Eurymedon and Sophoklês to, vi. 313 _seq._,
357 _seq._;
muster of the Athenian armament at, vii. 180;
Demosthenês’s voyage from, to Sicily, vii. 301;
renewed troubles at, viii. 118;
Lacedæmonian expedition against, x. 142 _seq._;
expedition of Iphikrates to, x. 149 _seq._;
Kleonymus and Agathokles in, xii. 449.
_Korkyræan_ envoys, speech of, to the Athenian assembly,
vi. 58 _seq._;
captives return home from Corinth, vi. 266 _seq._;
oligarchical fugitives at Istônê, vi. 278, 313, 357.
_Korkyræans_, and Xerxes’s invasion, v. 66;
attack Epidamnus, vi. 53;
remonstrate with the Corinthians and Peloponnesians, vi. 54;
seek the alliance of Athens, vi. 56 _seq._
_Korôbius_ and the foundation of Kyrênê, iv. 30.
_Korôneia_, Athenian defeat at, v. 348;
Theban victory at, ix. 312 _seq._, 317.
_Korônis_ and Asklêpius, i. 178.
_Korynephori_, iii. 35.
_Kôs_, settlement of, ii. 30;
capture of, by Astyochus, vii. 397;
revolt of, from Athens, xi. 220 _seq._, 231.
_Kossæi_, xii. 248.
_Kottas_, i. 5.
_Kottyphus_, xi. 475, 479, 480.
_Kotyôra_, the Ten Thousand Greeks at, ix. 126 _seq._
_Kotys_ and Iphikrates, x. 106, 299, 369, 373;
and Athens, x. 228 _seq._, 372, 373;
and Timotheus, x. 301, 368;
and Miltokythes, x. 372;
capture of Sestos by, x. 373;
assassination of, x. 375.
_Kranaus_, i. 196.
_Krannon_, battle of, xii. 321.
_Kraterus_ and Philôtas, xii. 192 _seq._;
and Antipater, xii. 320 _seq._, 335;
death of, xii. 336.
_Kratês_, comedy of, viii. 328.
_Kratesippidas_, viii. 128, 138.
_Kratinus_, viii. 327, 332 _n._
_Kreôn, king of Thêbes_, i. 117, 276.
_Kreôn, archon at Athens_, iii. 48.
_Kresphontês_, ii. 2 _seq._, 331 _n._
_Krêtan_ settlements on the Gulf of Tarentum, i. 330;
and Phrygian worship, iii. 215.
_Krêtans_ and Minôs, i. 229;
in the time of Homer, ii. 102;
and Xerxes, v. 66.
_Krête_, migrations of Dorians to, ii. 30;
early Dorians in, ii. 310;
Periœki in, ii. 364 _n._ 3;
Phalækus in, xi. 433.
_Krêthêis_ and Pêleus, i. 114.
_Krêtheus_, descendants of, i. 113.
_Kreüsa_, i. 198, 204.
_Krimêsus_, Timoleon’s victory over the Carthaginians at the,
xi. 174 _seq._
_Krios_, i. 5, 6.
_Krissa_, iv. 59 _seq._
_Kritias_ and Sokratês, vii. 36 _seq._;
return of, to Athens, viii. 233 _seq._;
and Theramenês, viii. 237 _seq._, 245 _seq._;
death of, viii. 290.
_Krius_, iv. 325, 328.
_Krommyon_, capture of, ix. 335;
recovery of, ix. 353.
_Kromnus_, capture of Lacedæmonians at, x. 316 _seq._
_Kronium_, Dionysius at, xi. 41.
_Kronos_, i. 5 _seq._, 8.
_Krotôn_, foundation, territory, and colonies of, iii. 376 _seq._;
fall of, iii. 392;
maximum power of, iii. 394;
citizens and government of, iii. 399;
and Pythagoras, iv. 401 _seq._;
and Sybaris, iv. 413 _seq._;
capture of, by Dionysius, xi. 22;
expedition from Syracuse to, xii. 397.
_Krypteia_, ii. 378.
_Kteatos_ and Eurytos, i. 141.
_Ktêsias_ and Herodotus on Cyrus, iv. 185;
on Darius, iv. 264.
_Ktesiphon_, xi. 371, xii. 286 _seq._
_Kunaxa_, battle of, ix. 42 _seq._
_Kurêtes_, ceremonies of, i. 31.
_Kyaxarês_, iii. 231, 254.
_Kydonta_, vi. 203.
_Kyknus_, i. 294.
_Kylôn the Athenian_, attempted usurpation of, iii. 81 _seq._
_Kylôn of Krotôn_, iv. 409.
_Kyllyrii_ at Syracuse, v. 206.
_Kymæans_ and Pactyas, iv. 201.
_Kymê_, iii. 190;
Alkibiadês at, viii. 153.
_Kynegeirus_, iv. 350.
_Kynossêma_, battle of, viii. 109 _seq._
_Kynurians_, ii. 303;
in Argolis, ii. 451.
_Kypselus_, iii. 40;
fall of the dynasty of, iii. 43.
_Kyrênê_, foundation of, iv. 29 _seq._;
situation, fertility and prosperity of, iv. 31 _seq._;
and the Libyans, iv. 35 _seq._, 42 _seq._;
second migration of Greeks to, iv. 41;
and Egypt, iv. 42;
reform of, by Demônax, iv. 43;
Periœki at, iv. 45;
third immigration to, iv. 46;
submission of, to Kambysês, iv. 220;
history of, from about B. C. 450 to 306, xii. 428 _seq._;
Ophellas, viceroy of, xii. 431 _seq._
_Kythera_, capture of, by the Athenians, vi. 365 _seq._
_Kytinium_, occupation of, by Philip, xi. 498.
_Kyzikus_ and the Argonauts, i. 234;
revolt of, from Athens, viii. 112;
siege of, by Mindarus, viii. 120;
battle of, viii. 121.
L.
_Labdalum_, vii. 248, 269.
_Lacedæmonian_ envoys to Persia, B. C. 430, vi. 181;
embassy to Athens about the prisoners in Sphakteria, vi. 325 _seq._;
reinforcement to Brasidas in Chalkidikê, vi. 449;
envoys at the congress at Corinth, B. C. 421, vii. 15;
envoys at Athens, about Panaktum and Pylus, vii. 29;
embassy to Athens, against the alliance of Athens with Argos,
vii. 44 _seq._;
army, vii. 79, 81 _n._ 2;
assembly, speech of Alkibiadês in, vii. 237 _seq._;
fleet under Agesandridas, viii. 66, 71;
fleet victory of, near Eretria, viii. 72 _seq._;
_mora_, destruction of a, by Iphikrates, ix. 350 _seq._;
auxiliaries to the Phokians at Thermopylæ, xi. 419, 421.
_Lacedæmonians_ and Cyrus the Great, iv. 199;
attack of, upon Polykratês, iv. 243;
and Themistoklês, v. 149, 278, 280;
and Mardonius’s offer of peace to the Athenians, v. 151 _seq._;
invoke the aid of their allies against the Helots, v. 316;
dismiss their Athenian auxiliaries against the Helots,
v. 317 _seq._;
expedition of, into Bœotia, B. C. 458, v. 327 _seq._;
victory of, at Tanagra, v. 328;
proceedings of, on Phormio’s victory over the Peloponnesian fleet
near Rhium, vi. 202;
proceedings of, for the recovery of Pylus, vi. 319, 320 _seq._;
occupation of Sphakteria by, vi. 320, 347;
blockade of, in Sphakteria, vi. 324 _seq._, 333 _seq._, 342 _seq._;
offers of peace from, after the capture of Sphakteria, vi. 353;
assassination of Helots by, vi. 368 _seq._;
and the Peace of Nikias, vii. 3;
liberate the Arcadian subjects of Mantinea, and plant Helots at
Lepreum, vii. 21;
exclusion of, from the Olympic festival, vii. 57 _seq._;
detachment of, to reinforce Epidaurus, B. C. 419, vii. 70;
and their allies, invasions of Argos by, vii. 71 _seq._, 102;
Gylippus sent to Syracuse by, vii. 242;
fortification of Dekeleia by, vii. 288, 354;
and the Four Hundred, viii. 65;
recapture of Pylus by, viii. 131;
defeat of, at Arginusæ, viii. 173 _seq._;
repayment of, by the Athenians, after the restoration of the
democracy, B. C. 403, viii. 305;
assassination of Alkibiadês demanded by, viii. 313;
the Cyreians under, ix. 170, 174, 208, 217, 318;
and Dorieus, ix. 271 _seq._;
and Corinthians, conflicts between, B. C. 393, ix. 326 _seq._;
victory of, within the Long Walls of Corinth, ix. 333 _seq._;
and the Olynthian confederacy, x. 56;
seizure of the Kadmeia at Thebes by, x. 60 _seq._;
trial and execution of Ismenias by, x. 64;
their surrender of the Kadmeia at Thebes, x. 88 _seq._;
defeat of, at Tegyra, x. 134;
expulsion of, from Bœotia, B. C. 374, x. 135;
at Kromnus, x. 316 _seq._;
at Mantinea, B. C. 362, x. 329, 335, 338, 340 _seq._;
and Alexander, xii. 13.
_Lachês_, expedition to Sicily under, vii. 132.
_Lachesis_, i. 7.
_Laconia_, genealogy of, i. 168;
population of, ii. 362;
gradual conquest of, ii. 417;
modern, ii. 418 _n._ 3, 454 _n._;
invasions of, by Epaminondas, x. 215 _seq._, 330 _seq._;
western, abstraction of, from Sparta, x. 226 _seq._
_Ladê_, combined Ionic fleet at, iv. 300 _seq._;
victory of Persian fleet at, iv. 304.
_Laius_ and Œdipus, i. 265.
_Lakes_ and marshes of Greece, ii. 219.
_Lamachus_, vii. 148, 190 _seq._, 256.
_Lamia_, Antipater at, xii. 315 _seq._
_Lamian_ war, xii. 315 _seq._, 334.
_Lampsakus_, revolt of, viii. 94;
recovery of, by Strombichidês, viii. 96.
_Language_, Greek, dialects of, ii. 239.
_Lanikê_, xii. 208.
_Laocoôn_, i. 303.
_Laomedôn_, i. 57, 285.
_Laphystios_, Zeus, i. 127.
_Laphystius_ and Timoleon, xi. 192.
_Larissa_, Asiatic, iii. 191 _n._ 1, 192.
_Lash_, use of, by Xerxes, v. 24, 31.
_Lasthenes_ and Euthykrates, xi. 351, 352.
_Latin_, Oscan, and Greek languages, iii. 354.
_Latium_, emigration from Arcadia to, iii. 351 _n._ 3;
plunder of, by Dionysius, xi. 25.
_Latins_, Œnotrians and Epirots, relationship of, iii. 351.
_Latona_ and Zeus, offspring of, i. 10.
_Laurium_, mines of, v. 55 _seq._
_Laws_, authority of, in historical Athens, ii. 81;
of Solon, iii. 131 _seq._;
of Zaleukus, iii. 382;
and psephisms, distinction between, v. 373;
enactment and repeal of, at Athens, v. 373 _seq._
_Layard’s_ “Nineveh and its Remains”, iii. 305.
_Learchus_ and Eryxô, iv. 43.
_Lebedos_, revolt of, from Athens, vii. 383.
_Lechæum_, capture of, by the Lacedæmonians, ix. 345 _n._ 1, 348.
_Leda_, and Tyndareus, i. 168 _seq._
_Legend_ of Dêmêtêr, i. 39 _seq._;
of the Delphian oracle, i. 45;
of Pandôra, i. 75 _n._ 4, 76;
of Io, i. 84 _seq._;
of Hêraklês, i. 93 _seq._;
Argonatic, i. 234 _n._ 3, 245 _seq._, 255 _seq._;
of Troy, i. 289 _seq._;
of the Minyæ from Lemnos, ii. 27;
and history, Grecian, blank between, ii. 31 _seq._
_Legendary_ Greece, social state of, ii. 57-118;
poems of Greece, value of, ii. 55 _seq._
_Legends_, mystic, i. 32 _seq._;
of Apollo, i. 45 _seq._;
of Greece, originally isolated, afterwards thrown into series,
i. 105;
of Mêdea and Jasôn, i. 118 _n._;
change of feeling with regard to, i. 186;
Attic, i. 191;
ancient, deeply rooted in the faith of the Greeks, i. 217, 348;
of Thebes, i. 256 _seq._;
divine, allegorized, heroic historicized, i. 424;
of saints, i. 469 _seq._;
of Asia Minor, iii. 227.
_Lekythus_, capture of, by Brasidas, vi. 425.
_Leleges_, ii. 264.
_Lelex_, i. 172.
_Lemnos_ and the Argonauts, i. 233;
early condition of, iv. 28;
conquest of, by Otanês, iv. 278;
Miltiadês at, iv. 279 _seq._
_Lending_ houses, iii. 162.
_Leokrates_, xi. 504.
_Leon_ and Diomedon, vii. 385 _seq._; viii. 28.
_Leon the Spartan_, viii. 20, 94.
_Leon_, mission of, to Persia, x. 278, 280.
_Leonidas_ at Thermopylæ, v. 76 _seq._, 89 _seq._
_Leonnatus_, xii. 317, 321.
_Leontiades_, the oligarchy under, x. 29 _n._;
conspiracy of, x. 58 _seq._;
at Sparta, x. 62;
Thebes under, x. 79, 80;
conspiracy against, x. 81 _seq._;
death of, x. 86.
_Leontini_, iii. 364;
intestine dissention at, vii. 140;
Demos at, apply to Athens, vii. 142, 143;
Dionysius at, B. C. 396, x. 442, 468, 492;
the mercenaries of Dionysius at, xi. 2;
Philistus at, xi. 99;
Dion at, xi. 106, 108, 109;
Hiketas at, xi. 160, 170;
surrender of, to Timoleon, xi. 182.
_Leosthenes the admiral_, x. 370.
_Leosthenes the general_, xii. 311, 313 _seq._
_Leotychides the Prokleid_, ii. 430;
chosen king of Sparta, iv. 326;
and Æginetan hostages, iv. 328, v. 46;
at Mykalê, v. 193;
banishment of, v. 259.
_Leotychides, son of Agis II._, ix. 242, 244.
_Lepreum_ and Elis, ii. 440, vii. 18;
Brasidean Helots at, vii. 21.
_Leptines, brother of Dionysius_, x. 489, 491, 495, xi. 13, 33, 42.
_Leptines the Athenian_, xi. 272.
_Leptines, general of Agathokles_, xii. 434, 441.
_Lesbians_, their application to Sparta, vi. 76.
_Lesbos_, early history of, iii. 193 _seq._;
autonomous ally of Athens, vi. 2;
Athenian kleruchs in, vi. 257;
application from, to Agis, vii. 365;
expedition of the Chians against, vii. 382 _seq._;
Thrasyllus at, viii. 102;
Kallikratidas in, viii. 166;
Thrasybulus in, ix. 166;
Memnon in, xii. 105;
recovery of, by Macedonian admirals, xii. 141.
_Lethe_, i. 7.
_Letô_, i. 6, 10.
_Leukas_, iii. 404 _seq._
_Leukon_ of Bosporus, xii. 481.
_Leukothea_, the temple of, i. 242.
_Leuktra_, the battle of, x. 176 _seq._;
treatment of Spartans defeated at, x. 192 _seq._;
extension of Theban power after the battle of, x. 193;
proceedings in Peloponnesus after the battle of, x. 198, 242;
position of Sparta after the battle of, x. 201;
proceedings in Arcadia after the battle of, x. 204 _seq._;
proceedings and views of Epaminondas after the battle of,
x. 213 _seq._
_Libya_, first voyages of Greeks to, iv. 29;
nomads of, iv. 38 _seq._;
expedition of Kambyses against, iv. 220.
_Libyans_ and Greeks at Kyrênê, iv. 39 _seq._;
and Dionysius, x. 510.
_Liby-Phœnicians_, x. 332.
_Lichas_ and bones of Orestes, ii. 447;
and the Olympic festival, iv. 72 _n._ 2, vii. 53 _n._, 59;
mission of to Milêtus, vii. 397, 398, viii. 98.
_Lilybæum_, defeat of Dionysius near, xi. 45.
_Limos_, i. 7, 10, _n._ 6.
_Lion_, the Nemean, i. 7.
_Lissus_, foundation of, xi. 24.
_Livy_, his opinion as to the chances of Alexander, if he had attacked
the Romans, xii. 260;
on the character of Alexander, xii. 265 _n._ 3.
_Lixus_ and Tingis, iii. 273 _n._ 1.
_Loans_ on interest, iii. 109, 159.
_Localities_, epical, i. 245.
_Lochages_, Spartan, ii. 459.
_Lochus_, Spartan, ii. 458 _seq._;
Macedonian, xii. 60.
_Logographers_ and ancient mythes, i. 377, 390 _seq._
_Lokri, Epizephrian_, early history of, iii. 379 _seq._;
and Dionysius, x. 476, xi. 17, 21, 23;
Dionysius the Younger at, xi. 105, 132 _seq._
_Lokrian_ coast opposite Eubœa, Athenian ravage of, vi. 136.
_Lokrians_, ii. 287;
Ozolian, ii. 290;
Italian, iii. 380 _seq._, iv. 172 _n._;
of Opus and Leonidas, v. 76;
and Phokians, xi. 251, 253;
of Amphissa, xi. 469.
_Lokris_ and Athens, v. 331.
_Long Walls_ at Megara, v. 324;
at Athens, v. 325 _seq._, 327, 331, vi. 20, viii. 231,
ix. 328 _seq._;
at Corinth, ix. 340 _seq._
_Lucanians_, xi. 9 _seq._, 132.
_Lucretius_ and ancient mythes, i. 430 _n._
_Lydia_, early history of, iii. 220 _seq._
_Lydian_ music and instruments, iii. 212, 219;
monarchy, iii. 262, iv. 191 _seq._
_Lydians_, iii. 215 _seq._, 219, iv. 198.
_Lykæus_, Zeus, i. 174.
_Lykambes_ and Archilochus, iv. 81.
_Lykaôn_ and his fifty sons, i. 173 _seq._
_Lykia_, conquest of, by Alexander, xii. 99.
_Lykidas_, the Athenian senator, v. 155.
_Lykomedes_, x. 259 _seq._, 281, 288.
_Lykophrôn, son of Periander_, iii. 42.
_Lykophrôn, despot of Pheræ_, xi. 261, 292, 294.
_Lykurgus the Spartan_, laws and discipline of, ii. 337-349, 381-421.
_Lykurgus the Athenian_, xii. 278, 378.
_Lykus_, i. 204; and Dirkê, i. 263.
_Lynkeus_ and Idas, i. 172.
_Lyre_, Hermes the inventor of, i. 59.
_Lyric poetry_, Greek, ii. 136, iv. 73, 93.
_Lysander_, appointments of, as admiral, viii. 138 _n._, 212;
character and influence of, viii. 139, ix. 309;
and Cyrus the Younger, viii. 140 _seq._, 214, 215;
factions organized by, in the Asiatic cities, viii. 143;
at Ephesus, viii. 152, 212;
victory of, at Notium, viii. 153;
superseded by Kallikratidas, viii. 162;
revolution at Milêtus by the partisans of, viii. 213;
operations of, after the battle of Arginusæ, viii. 215 _seq._;
victory of, at Ægospotami, viii. 217 _seq._;
proceedings of, after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 222;
at Athens, viii. 226 _seq._, 237;
conquest of Samos by, viii. 238;
triumphant return of, to Sparta, viii. 238;
ascendency and arrogance of, after the capture of Athens, viii. 261,
ix. 204, 236 _seq._;
opposition to, at Sparta, viii. 262, ix. 204;
contrasted with Kallikratidas, viii. 263;
expedition of, against Thrasybulus, viii. 274;
dekarchies established by, ix. 184 _seq._, 197;
contrasted with Brasidas, ix. 195;
recall and temporary expatriation of, ix. 205;
introduction of gold and silver to Sparta by, ix. 230 _seq._;
intrigues of, to make himself king, ix. 237, 239 _seq._, 300;
and Agesilaus, ix. 242 _seq._, 257, 260 _seq._;
and the Bœotian war, ix. 292, 295;
death of, ix. 296.
_Lysias_, seizure of, by the Thirty at Athens, viii. 248;
speech of, against Phormisius’s disfranchising proposition,
viii. 294;
proposed citizenship of, viii. 309;
oration of, against Ergoklês, ix. 367;
oration of, at Olympia, B. C. 384, x. 73 _seq._;
panegyrical oration of, xi. 29 _seq._, 35 _n._
_Lysikles_, vi. 232.
_Lysikles, general at Chæoroneia_, xi. 502.
_Lysimachus_, confederacy of, with Kassander, Ptolemy, and Seleukus,
against Antigonus, xii. 367, 372, 383;
Kassander, Ptolemy, and Seleukus, pacification of, with Antigonus,
xii. 371;
and Amastris, xii. 468;
and Arsinoê, xii. 469 _seq._;
death of, xii. 470;
and the Pentapolis on the south-west coast of the Euxine, xii. 472.
M.
_Macedonia_, Mardonius in, iv. 313;
Perdikkas and Brasidas in, vi. 449, 453 _seq._;
increasing power of, from B. C. 414, x. 44;
and Athens, contrasted, x. 47;
kings of, after Archelaus, x. 48;
state of, B. C. 370, x. 248, 249;
Iphikrates in, x. 250 _seq._;
Timotheus in, x. 300;
government of, xi. 210 _seq._;
military condition of, under Philip, xi. 282 _seq._, xii. 55 _seq._;
and conquered Greece, xii. 1, 52;
and the Greeks, on Alexander’s accession, xii. 9;
Antipater, viceroy of, xii. 67, 68;
and Sparta, war between, xii. 281 _seq._;
Grecian confederacy against, after Alexander’s death,
xii. 313 _seq._;
Kassander in, xii. 366;
Demetrius Poliorketes acquires the crown of, xii. 389.
_Macedonian_ dynasty, iv. 12, 13;
envoys at Athens, xi. 387, 390, 398;
phalanx, xi. 501, xii. 59 _seq._, 251;
interventions in Greece, B. C. 336-335, xii. 16 _seq._;
pike, xii. 57, 101 _seq._;
troops, xii. 61 _seq._;
officers of Alexander’s army in Asia, xii. 72;
fleet, master of the Ægean, xii. 141;
soldiers of Alexander, mutiny of, xii. 242 _seq._
_Macedonians_, ii. 233, iv. 1 _n._, 8 _seq._;
conquered by Megabazus, iv. 276;
poverty and rudeness of, xi. 283;
military aptitude of, xii. 67;
small loss of, at the battle of the Granikus, xii. 86.
_Machaôn_ and Podaleirius, i. 180.
_Mæandrius_, iv. 245 _seq._
_Mæonians_ and Lydians, iii. 219.
_Magians_, massacre of, after the assassination of Smerdis, iv. 225.
_Magistrates_ of early Athens, v. 352 _seq._;
Athenian, from the time of Periklês, v. 355, 357, 366 _seq._
_Magna Græcia_, iii. 399.
_Magnesia_, iii. 179, 192; Xerxes’s fleet near, v. 84 _seq._;
on the Pagasæan Gulf, xi. 304 _n._ 3.
_Magnetes_, Thessalian and Asiatic, ii. 285.
_Magon_, off Katana, x. 495;
near Abakæna, xi. 6;
at Agyrium, xi. 7;
death of, xi. 41.
_Magon_ and Hiketas, xi. 156 _seq._;
death of, xi. 171.
_Maia_ and Zeus, offspring of, i. 10.
_Makrônes_ and the Ten Thousand, ix. 112.
_Malians_, ii. 282.
_Malli_, xii. 234.
_Mallus_, Alexander at, xii. 114.
_Mamerkus_ and Timoleon, xi. 180 _seq._
_Manetho_ and the Sothiac period, iii. 339 _seq._
_Mania_, sub-satrap of Æolis, ix. 214 _seq._
_Mantinea_ and Tegea, ii. 442 _seq._, vi. 452, vii. 14;
and Sparta, ii. 444, vii. 20, 94, x. 35 _seq._;
and Argos, vii. 19;
congress at, vii. 81 _seq._;
battle of, B. C. 418, vii. 81 _seq._;
expedition of Agesipolis to, x. 36 _seq._;
and the river Ophis, x. 36 _n._ 2;
re-establishment of, x. 205 _seq._;
march of Agesilaus against, x. 211 _seq._;
muster of Peloponnesian enemies to Thebes at, x. 329;
attempted surprise of, by the cavalry of Epaminondas, x. 332 _seq._;
battle of, B. C. 362, x. 335 _seq._, 357;
peace concluded after the battle of, x. 350.
_Mantineans_ and the Pan-Arcadian union, x. 322 _seq._;
opposition of to Theban intervention, x. 326.
_Mantinico-Tegeatic_ plain, x. 338.
_Mantitheus_ and Aphepsion, vii. 200 _seq._
_Mantô_, iii. 184.
_Marakanda_, Alexander at, xii. 204, 207 _seq._
_Marathon_, battle of, iv. 342-360.
_Marathus_ surrenders to Alexander, xii. 130.
_Mardi_ and Alexander, xii. 178, 188.
_Mardonius_, in Ionia, iv. 313;
in Thrace and Macedonia, iv. 315;
fleet of, destroyed near Mount Athos, iv. 314;
urges Xerxes to invade Greece, v. 3 _seq._, 7;
advice of, to Xerxes after the battle of Salamis, v. 138;
forces left with, in Thessaly, v. 141;
and Medizing Greeks, after Xerxes’s retreat, v. 148;
in Bœotia, v. 149, 158 _seq._;
offers of peace to Athens by, v. 150 _seq._, 154;
at Athens, v. 154;
and his Phokiôn contingent, v. 161;
on the Asôpus, v. 167;
at Platæa, v. 169 _seq._
_Marine_, military, unfavorable to oligarchy, iii. 31.
_Maritime_ and inland cities contrasted, ii. 225.
_Marpessa_ and Idas, i. 172.
_Marriage_ in legendary Greece, ii. 83;
among the Spartans, ii. 386;
among the Hindoos, iii. 141 _n._ 2.
_Marshes_ and lakes of Greece, ii. 219.
_Marsyas_, iii. 213, 213 _n._ 1.
_Masistes_, v. 199.
_Masistius_, v. 164.
_Maskames_, v. 295.
_Massagetæ_, iii. 245.
_Massalia_, iii. 280, 348, 400 _seq._, xii. 453 _seq._
_Mausôlus_ and the Social War, xi. 222.
_Mazæus_ at Thapsakus, xii. 150;
at the battle of Arbela, xii. 164, 165;
surrender of Babylon by, xii. 168;
appointed satrap of Babylon by Alexander, xii. 169.
_Mazares_, iv. 200 _seq._
_Medea_ and the Argonauts, i. 237 _seq._
_Medes_, early history of, iii. 224 _seq._;
and Persians, iv. 183, 224 _seq._
_Media_, the wall of, iii. 304 _n._ 2, ix. 63, 65 _n._;
Darius a fugitive in, xii. 178, 180.
_Medius_, xii. 254.
_Medus_, i. 205 _n._ 4, 242.
_Medusa_, i. 7, 90.
_Megabates_, iv. 283, 284.
_Megabazus_, iv. 275, 276.
_Megabyzus_, v. 333.
_Megaklês_, iii. 37 _n._, 38, 82.
_Megalêpolis_, capture of, by Agathokles, xii. 414.
_Megalopolis_, foundation of, ii. 448, x. 224 _seq._, 233 _n._ 6;
the centre of the Pan-Arcadian confederacy, x. 232;
disputes at, x. 358;
and Sparta, xi. 198, 263, 290, 300 _seq._
_Megapenthes_ and Perseus, i. 90.
_Megara_, early history of, iii. 2, 44 _seq._;
Corinth and Sikyôn, analogy of, iii. 47;
and Athens, iii. 90 _seq._, v. 321, 348, 351 _n._, 352, vi. 76,
370 _seq._;
Long Walls at, v. 322;
Brasidas at, vi. 375 _seq._;
revolution at, vi. 378 _seq._;
Philippizing faction at, xi. 449.
_Megara in Sicily_, iii. 365, v. 215.
_Megarian Sicily_, iii. 365.
_Megarians_ under Pausanias, and Persian cavalry under Masistius,
v. 164;
repudiate the peace of Nikias, vi. 493, vii. 2;
refuse to join Argos, vii. 16;
recovery of Nisea by, viii. 131.
_Megarid_, Athenian ravage of, in the Peloponnesian war, vi. 137.
_Meidias of Skepsis_, ix. 213 _seq._
_Meidias the Athenian_, xi. 343, 343 _n._ 2.
_Meilaniôn_ and Atalanta, i. 149.
_Meilichios_, meaning of, ix. 171 _n._
_Melampus_, i. 33, 109, 398, v. 89.
_Melannippus_ and Tydeus, i. 274, 279.
_Melanthus_, ii. 23.
_Meleager_, legend of, i. 143 _seq._
_Meleagrides_, i. 145.
_Melesippus_, vi. 126.
_Melian_ nymphs, i. 5.
_Melissus_, vi. 28, viii. 341, 343.
_Melkarth_, temple of, iii. 269.
_Melon_, x. 81 _seq._, 88.
_Melos_, settlement of, ii. 28;
expedition against, under Nikias, vi. 295;
capture of, vii. 109 _seq._;
Antisthenês at, vii. 396.
_Memnôn, son of Tithônus_, i. 298.
_Memnôn the Rhodian_, operations of, between Alexander’s accession and
landing in Asia, xii. 49, 77;
and Mentor, xii., 75;
advice of, on Alexander’s landing in Asia, xii. 78;
made commander-in-chief of the Persians, xii. 92;
at Halikarnassus, xii. 95 _seq._;
his progress with the Persian fleet, and death, xii. 105 _seq._;
change in the plan of Darius after his death, xii. 107, 109.
_Memphis_, Alexander at, xii. 146.
_Men_, races of, in “Works and Days”, i. 64 _seq._
_Mende_, and Athens, vi. 441 _seq._
_Menedæus_, and the Ambrakiots, vi. 305 _seq._
_Menekleidas_ and Epaminondas, x. 268, 305 _seq._
_Menekles_, viii. 203.
_Menelaus_, i. 162 _seq._, iii. 269 _n._ 4.
_Menestheus_, i. 312, ii. 22.
_Menœkeus_, i. 274.
_Menœtius_, i. 6, 8.
_Menon the Thessalian_, ix. 30, 71.
_Menon the Athenian_, x. 373.
_Mentor the Rhodian_, xi. 439 _seq._, xii. 75.
_Mercenary_ soldiers, multiplication of, in Greece after the
Peloponnesian war, xi. 281 _seq._
_Mermnads_, Lydian dynasty of, iii. 221.
_Meroe_, connection of, with Egyptian institutions, iii. 313.
_Messapians_, iii. 391;
and Tarentines, xii. 394.
_Messene_, foundation of, ii. 422, iii. 366;
foundation of, by Epaminondas, x. 225, 233 _n._ 6, 261;
and Sparta, x. 290, 350, xi. 198, 263, 290.
_Messene, in Sicily_, chorus sent to Rhegium from, iv. 53 _n._;
re-colonization of, by Anaxilaus, v. 213;
Laches at, vii. 134;
Athenian fleet near, vii. 136;
Alkibiades at, vii. 193;
Nikias at, vii. 223;
and Dionysius, x. 474 _seq._, xi. 3;
Imilkon at, x. 492 _seq._;
and Timoleon, xi. 158.
_Messenia_, Dorian settlements in, ii. 8, 311.
_Messenian_ genealogy, i. 172; wars, ii. 421-438;
victor proclaimed at Olympia, B. C. 368, x. 262.
_Messenians_ and Spartans, early proceedings of, ii. 328;
expelled by Sparta, ix. 229, xi. 3;
plan of Epaminondas for the restoration of, x. 214.
_Messenians in Sicily_, defeated by Naxians and Sikels, vii. 135.
_Metaneira_, i. 38.
_Metapontium_, iii. 386.
_Methana_, Athenian Garrion at, vi. 451.
_Methône_, iv. 23;
Philip at, xi. 260.
_Methône in Peloponnesus_, Athenian assault upon, vi. 134.
_Methymna_, vi. 222, 225;
Kallikratidas at, viii. 164.
_Metics_, and the Thirty at Athens, viii. 247.
_Metis_ and Zeus, daughter of, i. 9.
_Metrodorus_, i. 419, 444 _n._
_Metropolis_, relation of a Grecian, to its colonies, vi. 60 _n._
_Midas_, iii. 209, 217.
_Middle ages_, monarchy in, iii. 8 _seq._
_Mikythus_, v. 230, 231, 238.
_Milesian_ colonies in the Troad, i. 339.
_Milesians_ and Lichas, viii. 98;
and Kallikratidas, viii. 164.
_Miletus_, early history of, iii. 176 _seq._;
and Alyattês, iii. 255 _seq._;
and Crœsus, iii. 258;
sieges of, by the Persians, iv. 290, 305;
Histiæus of, iv. 273 _seq._, 277, 280, 284, 298 _seq._;
Phrynichus’s tragedy on the capture of, iv. 309;
exiles from, at Zanklê, v. 211 _seq._;
and Samos, dispute between, vi. 26;
revolt of, from Athens, vii. 375, 385, 387 _seq._;
Tissaphernes at, vii. 376, 399;
Lichas at, vii. 399;
Peloponnesian fleet at, viii. 25, 94, 95 _seq._, 99;
revolution at, by the partisans of Lysander, viii. 213;
capture of, by Alexander, xii. 92 _seq._
_Military_ array of legendary and historical Greece, ii. 106 _seq._;
divisions not distinct from civil in any Grecian cities but Sparta,
ii. 456;
force of early oligarchies, iii. 31;
order, Egyptian, iii. 316;
arrangements, Kleisthenean, iv. 136.
_Miltas_, xi. 88.
_Miltiades the First_, iv. 117.
_Miltiades the Second_, iv. 119;
and the bridge over the Danube, iv. 271, 274 _n._ 2;
his retirement from the Chersonese, iv. 274;
capture of Lemnos and Imbros by, iv. 278;
escape of, from Persian pursuit, iv. 307;
adventures and character of, iv. 334 _seq._;
elected general, 490 B. C., iv. 341;
and the battle of Marathon, iv. 343 _seq._;
expedition of, against Paros, iv. 363;
disgrace, punishment, and death of, iv. 365 _seq._
_Milto_, ix. 47.
_Miltokythes_, x. 372, 378.
_Milton_ on the early series of British kings, i. 484;
his treatment of British fabulous history, i. 487.
_Mimnermus_, iv. 82.
_Mindarus_, supersedes Astyochus, viii. 98;
deceived by Tissaphernês, viii. 99;
removal of, from Milêtus to Chios, viii. 181;
eludes Thrasyllus and reaches the Hellespont, viii. 102, 103 _n._;
at the Hellespont, viii. 109;
Peloponnesian fleet summoned from Eubœa by, viii. 111;
siege of Kyzikus by, viii. 121;
death of, viii. 121.
_Mineral_ productions of Greece, ii. 229.
_Minôa_, capture of, by Nikias, vi. 285.
_Minôs_, i. 219 _seq._
_Minôtaur_, the, i. 220 _seq._
_Minyæ_, i. 130, ii. 26 _seq._
_Minyas_, i. 128 _seq._
_Miraculous_ legends, varied interpretation of, i. 472 _n._ 2.
_Mistake_ of ascribing to an unrecording age the historical sense of
modern times, i. 432.
_Mitford_, his view of the anti-monarchical sentiment of Greece,
iii. 12 _seq._
_Mithridates the Persian_, ix. 87 _seq._
_Mithridates of Pontus_, xii. 463.
_Mithrines_, xii. 90, 207.
_Mitylenæan_ envoys, speech of, to the Peloponnesians at Olympia,
vi. 226 _seq._;
prisoners sent to Athens by Pachês, vi. 243, 255.
_Mityleneans_ at Sigeium, i. 339.
_Mitylênê_, iii. 193; political dissensions and poets of, iii. 198;
revolt of, from Athens, vi. 221 _seq._;
blockade of, by Pachês, vi. 237 _seq._;
and the Athenian assembly, vi. 244, 246 _seq._;
loss and recovery of, by Athens, B. C. 412, vii. 383, 384;
Kallikratidas at, viii. 167 _seq._;
removal of Kallikratidas from, viii. 170;
Eteonikus at, viii. 170, 174, 189;
blockade of, by Memnon, xii. 105;
surrender of, by Chares, xii. 142.
_Mnassippus_, expedition of, to Korkyra, x. 142 _seq._
_Mnêmosynê_, i. 5, 10.
_Mnesiphilus_, v. 122.
_Mœræ_, and Crœsus, iv. 194 _seq._
_Mœris_, lake of, iii. 322 _n._ 1.
_Molionids_, the, i. 140.
_Molossian_ kingdom of Epirus, xii. 395.
_Molossians_, iii. 413 _seq._
_Molossus_, i. 189.
_Mômus_, i. 7.
_Monarchy_, in mediæval and modern Europe, iii. 8 _seq._;
aversion to, in Greece, after the expulsion of Hippias, iv. 176.
_Money_, coined, not known to Homeric or Hesiodic Greeks, ii. 116;
coined, first introduction of, into Greece, ii. 320.
_Money-lending_ at Florence in the middle ages, iii. 109 _n._;
and the Jewish law, iii. 111 _n._;
and ancient philosophers, iii. 113.
_Money-standard_, Solon’s debasement of, iii. 100;
honestly maintained at Athens after Solon, iii. 114.
_Monsters_, offspring of the gods, i. 11.
_Monstrous_ natures associated with the gods, i. 1.
_Monts de Piété_, iii. 162.
_Monuments_ of the Argonautic expedition, i. 241 _seq._
_Moon_, eclipse of, B. C. 413, vii. 315;
eclipse of, B. C. 331, xii. 151.
_Mopsus_, iii. 184.
_Mora_, Spartan, ii. 458 _seq._;
destruction of a Spartan, by Iphikrates, ix. 351 _seq._
_Moral_ and social feeling in legendary Greece, ii. 79.
_Moralizing_ Greek poets, iv. 91 _seq._
_Mosynæki_, and the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 128.
_Mothakes_, ii. 418.
_Motyê_, capture of, by Dionysius, x. 485 _seq._;
recapture of, by Imilkon, x. 490.
_Motyum_, Duketius at, vii. 123.
_Mountainous_ systems of Greece, ii. 212 _seq._
_Müller_ on Sparta as the Dorian type, ii. 342.
_Multitude_, sentiment of a, compared with that of individuals,
ix. 279.
_Munychia_ and Peiræus, Themistoklês’ wall round, v. 249;
Menyllus in, xii. 326, 339;
Nikanor in, xii. 339, 345.
_Muse_, inspiration and authority of the, i. 355.
_Muses_, the, i. 10.
_Music_, ethical effect of old Grecian, ii. 433;
Greek, improvements in, about the middle of the seventh century
B. C., iv. 77;
comprehensive meaning of, among the ancient Greeks, viii. 349.
_Musical_ modes of the Greeks, iii. 212.
_Musicians_, Greek, in the seventh century B. C., iv. 76 _n._
Μῦθος, i. 356, 432 _n._, 458.
_Mutilated_ Grecian captives at Persepolis, xii. 173.
_Mutilation_ of dead bodies in legendary and historical Greece,
ii. 92;
of Bessus, xii. 206.
_Mutiny_ at Athens immediately before Solon’s legislation, iii. 93.
_Mygdonia_, iii. 210.
_Mykalê_, Pan-Ionic festival at, iii. 177;
the battle of, v. 191 _seq._
_Mykalêssus_, massacre at, vii. 357 _seq._
_Myknæ_, i. 90 _seq._
_Myriandrus_, Alexander’s march from Kilikia to, xii. 114;
Alexander’s return from, xii. 117.
_Myrkinus_, iv. 273, 296.
_Myrmidons_, origin of, i. 184.
_Myrôn_, iii. 32.
_Myrônidês_, v. 323, 331.
_Myrtilus_, i. 159.
_Mysia_, the Ten Thousand Greeks in, ix. 172 _seq._
_Mysians_, iii. 196, 205 _seq._, 209.
_Mysteries_, principal Pan-Hellenic, i. 28, 38, 41, 43, v. 209 _n._;
and mythes, i. 496.
_Mystic_ legends, connection of, with Egypt, i. 32;
legends, contrast of, with Homeric hymns, i. 34;
brotherhoods, iii. 87.
_Mythe_ of Pandôra and Prometheus, now used in “Works and Days”,
i. 71;
meaning of the word, i. 356.
_Mythes_, how to be told, i. 2;
Hesiodic, traceable to Krête and Delphi, i. 15;
Grecian, origin of, i. 4, 52, 61 _seq._, 340 _seq._;
of the gods, discrepancies in, i. 53 _n._, 54;
contain gods, heroes and men, i. 64;
formed the entire mental stock of the early Greeks, i. 340, 359;
difficulty of regarding them in the same light as the ancients did,
i. 341;
Grecian, adapted to the personifying and patriotic tendencies of the
Greeks, i. 344 _seq._;
Grecian, beauty of, i. 351;
Grecian, how to understand properly, i. 351 _seq._;
how regarded by superior men in the age of Thucydides, i. 375;
accommodated to a more advanced age, i. 376 _seq._;
treatment of, by poets and logographers, i. 377 _seq._;
treatment of, by historians, i. 391 _seq._;
historicised, i. 409 _seq._;
treatment of, by philosophers, i. 418 _seq._;
allegorized, i. 419 _seq._;
semi-historical interpretation of, i. 433;
allegorical theory of, i. 436;
connection of, with mysteries, i, 436;
supposed ancient meaning of, i. 438;
Plato on, i. 441 _seq._, 420;
recapitulation of remarks on, i. 450 _seq._;
familiarity of the Greeks with, i. 456 _seq._;
bearing of, on Grecian art, i. 459 _seq._;
German, i. 363;
Grecian, proper treatment of, i. 487 _seq._;
Asiatic, iii. 221.
_Mythical_ world, opening of, i. 1;
sentiment in “Works and Days”, i. 68 _seq._;
geography, i. 246 _seq._;
faith in the Homeric age, i. 357;
genealogies, i. 445 _seq._;
age, gods and men undistinguishable in, i. 449;
events, relics of, i. 457;
account of the alliance between the Hêrakleids and Dorians, ii. 2;
races of Greece, ii. 19.
_Mythology_, Grecian, sources of our information on, i. 106;
German, Celtic, and Grecian, i. 462, 463;
Grecian, how it would have been affected by the introduction of
Christianity, B. C. 500, i. 467.
_Mythopæic_ faculty, stimulus to, i. 351;
age, the, i. 361;
tendencies, by what causes enfeebled, i. 361 _seq._;
tendencies in modern Europe, i. 469 _seq._
_Myûs_, iii. 172.
N.
_Napoleon_, analogy between his relation to the confederation of the
Rhine, and that of Alexander to the Greeks, xii. 51.
_Nature_, first regarded as impersonal, i. 368.
_Naukraries_, iii. 52, 65.
_Naukratis_, iii. 327, 335 _seq._
_Naupaktus_, origin of the name, ii. 3;
Pharmio’s victory near, vi. 206 _seq._;
Eurylochus’s attack upon, vi. 301;
Demosthenês at, vi. 301;
naval battle at, B. C. 413, vii. 358 _seq._
_Nausinikus_, census in the archonship of, x. 115 _seq._
_Naval_ attack, Athenian, vi. 63.
_Naxians_ and Sikels, defeat of Messenians by, vii. 135.
_Naxos_, early power of, iii. 165;
expedition of Aristagoras against, iv. 282 _seq._;
Datis at, iv. 330;
revolt and reconquest of, v. 307.
_Naxos in Sicily_, iii. 363, vii. 193, x. 468.
_Nearchus_, voyages of, xii. 233, 235, 237, 238.
_Nebuchadnezzar_, iii. 333.
_Necklaces_ of Eriphylê and Helen, i. 287 _seq._
_Nectanebus_, xi. 440.
_Negative_ side of Grecian philosophy, viii. 345.
_Neileus_, or _Nêleus_, i. 109, ii. 24, iii. 173.
_Nekôs_, iii. 329 _seq._
_Nektanebis_, x. 362, 366.
_Nêleids_ down to Kodrus, i. 111.
_Nêleus_ and Pelias, i. 107 _seq._
_Nemean_ lion, the, i. 7;
games, ii. 461, iv. 65 _seq._
_Nemesis_, i. 7.
_Neobulê_ and Archilochus, iv. 81.
_Neon the Cyreian_, ix. 136 _seq._, 147.
_Neon the Corinthian_, xi. 156 _seq._
_Neoptolemus, son of Achilles_, i. 188, 300, 305.
_Neoptolemus the actor_, xi. 373.
_Nephelê_, i. 123 _seq._
_Nereas_, i. 7.
_Nereids_, i. 7.
_Nessus_, the centaur, i. 150.
_Nestor_, i. 110.
_Niebelungen_ Lied, i. 479.
_Nikæa_ on the Hydaspes, xii. 229, 233.
_Nikanor_, xii. 339, 354 _seq._
_Nikias_, at Minôa, vi. 285;
position and character of, vi. 285 _seq._;
and Kleon, vi. 287 _seq._, 457 _seq._;
at Mêlos, vi. 295;
in the Corinthian territory, vi. 355 _seq._;
at Mendê and Skiônê, vi. 441 _seq._;
peace of, vi. 490 _seq._ vii. 1 _seq._;
and the Spartans taken at Sphakteria, vii. 6 _seq._;
embassy of, to Sparta, vii. 44;
and Alkibiadês, vii. 104 _seq._, viii. 158;
appointed commander of the Sicilian expedition, B. C. 415, vii. 148;
speeches and influence of, on the Sicilian expedition, B. C. 415,
vii. 148 _seq._, 155, 159;
his plan of action in Sicily, vii. 191;
dilatory proceedings of, in Sicily, vii. 219, 225, 258 _seq._;
stratagem of, for approaching Syracuse, vii. 221;
at the battle near the Olympeion at Syracuse, vii. 220;
measures of, after his victory near the Olympeion at Syracuse,
vii. 223;
at Messênê in Sicily, vii. 223;
forbearance of the Athenians towards, vii. 225 _seq._;
at Katana, vii. 234;
in Sicily in the spring of B. C. 414, vii. 243;
his neglect in not preventing Gylippus’s approach to Sicily and
Syracuse, vii. 263 _seq._, 266 _seq._;
fortification of Cape Plenimyrium by, vii. 270;
at Epipolæ, vii. 272;
despatch of, to Athens for reinforcements, vii. 275 _seq._,
281 _seq._;
opposition of, to Demosthenês’s proposals for leaving Syracuse,
vii. 308 _seq._;
consent of, to retreat from Syracuse, vii. 313;
exhortations of, before the final defeat of the Athenians in the
harbor of Syracuse, vii. 321 _seq._;
and Demosthenês, resolution of, after the final defeat in the harbor
of Syracuse, vii. 330;
exhortations of, to the Athenians on their retreat from Syracuse,
vii. 333 _seq._;
and his division, surrender of, to Gylippus, vii. 343 _seq._,
347 _n._ 2;
and Demosthenês, treatment of, by their Syracusan conquerors,
vii. 346;
disgrace of, at Athens after his death, vii. 348;
opinion of Thucydidês about, vii. 349;
opinion and mistake of the Athenians about, vii. 351 _seq._
_Nikodromus_, v. 47.
_Nikoklês_, x. 26.
_Nikomachus the Athenian_, viii. 307 _seq._
_Nikomachus the Macedonian_, xii. 191, 194.
_Nikostratus_, vi. 271 _seq._, 440 _seq._
_Nikoteles_, x. 466.
_Nile_, the, iii. 309.
_Nineveh_, or _Ninus_, siege of, iii. 233;
capture of, iii. 255;
and Babylon, iii. 290;
site of, iii. 294 _n._ 2;
and its remains, iii. 305.
_Nine Ways_, nine defeats of the Athenians at the, x. 302 _n._ 1.
_Ninon_ and Kylon, iv. 409.
_Niobê_, i. 158.
_Nisæa_, alleged capture of, by Peisistratus, iii. 154 _n._;
connected with Megara by “Long Walls”, v. 324;
surrender of, to the Athenians, vi. 375 _seq._;
recovery of, by the Megarians, viii. 131.
_Nisus_, i. 205, 221.
_Nobles_, Athenian, early violence of, iv. 152.
_Nomads_, Libyan, iv. 35 _seq._
_Nomios_ Apollo, i. 61.
_Nomophylakes_, v. 371.
_Nomothetæ_, iii. 123, 125, v. 372, viii. 296.
_Non-Amphiktyonic_ races, ii. 270.
_Non-Hellenic_ practices, ii. 256.
_Non-Olympiads_, ii. 435.
_Notium_, iii. 183;
Pachês at, vi. 242;
recolonized from Athens, vi. 243;
battle of, viii. 153.
_Notus_, i. 6.
_Numidia_, Agathokles and the Carthaginians in, xii. 427.
_Nymphæum_, xi. 264, _n._ 1, xii. 480.
_Nymphs_, i. 5, 7.
_Nypsius_, xi. 107, 109, 111.
_Nyx_, i. 4, 6.
O.
_Oarus_, fortresses near, iv. 266.
_Oath_ of mutual harmony at Athens, after the battle of Ægospotami,
viii. 225.
_Obæ_ ar Obês, ii. 361.
_Ocean_, ancient belief about, iii. 286 _n._
_Oceanic_ nymphs, i. 6.
_Oceanus_, i. 5, 6, 8.
_Ochus_, x. 367, xi. 437 _seq._, xii. 75 _seq._
_Odeon_, building of, vi. 31.
_Odes_ at festivals in honor of gods, i. 52.
_Odin_ and other gods degraded into men, i. 466.
_Odrysian_ kings, vi. 215 _seq._
_Odysseus_, i. 290;
and Palamêdês, i. 294;
and Ajax, i. 299;
steals away the Palladium, i. 302;
return of, from Troy, i. 309;
final adventures and death of, i. 314 _seq._;
at the agora in the second book of the Iliad, ii. 70 _seq._
_Odyssey_ and Iliad, date, structure, authorship and character of,
ii. 118-209.
_Œchalia_, capture of, i. 151.
_Œdipus_, i. 265 _seq._
_Œneus_ and his offspring, i. 143 _seq._
_Œnoê_, vi. 127, viii. 83, ix. 353.
_Œnomaus_ and Pelops, i. 158.
_Œnônê_, i. 301 _n._ 3.
_Œnophyta_, Athenian victory at, v. 331.
_Œnotria_, iii. 350 _seq._
_Œnotrians_, iii. 351, 375, 393.
_Œta_, path over Mount, v. 78.
_Œtæi_, ii. 213.
_Office_, admissibility of Athenians citizens to, iv. 113.
_Ogygês_, i. 194.
_Okypetê_, i. 7.
_Olbia_, xii. 474 _seq._
_Oligarchical_ government, change from monarchical to, in Greece,
iii. 15 _seq._;
party at Athens, v. 365, viii. 235 _seq._, 300 _seq._;
Greeks, corruption of, vii. 401;
conspiracy at Samos, viii. 6 _seq._, 26 _seq._;
conspiracy at Athens, viii. 15, 31 _seq._;
exiles, return of, to Athens, viii. 232.
_Oligarchies_ in Greece, iii. 17, 29, 30, 31.
_Oligarchy_, conflict of, with despotism, iii. 28;
vote of the Athenian assembly in favor of, viii. 14;
establishment of, in Athenian allied cities, viii. 34;
of the Four Hundred, viii. 36 _seq._, 45 _seq._, viii. 75, 88 _seq._
_Olive trees_, sacred, near Athens, iii. 135 _n._ 2, vi. 267 _n._ 3.
_Olpæ_, Demosthenes’s victory at, vi. 303 _seq._
_Olympia_, Agesipolis, and the oracle at, ix. 356;
Lysias at, x. 73 _seq._;
panegyrical oration of Isokrates at, x. 77;
occupation of, by the Arcadians, x. 315, 322;
topography of, x. 319 _n._ 2;
plunder of, by the Arcadians, x. 322 _seq._
_Olympias_, xi. 262, 512, 516, 519;
and Antipater, xii. 68, 254, 256 _n._ 2;
intrigues of, after Alexander’s death, xii. 333;
return of, from Epirus to Macedonia, xii. 340 _seq._, 366;
death of, xii. 366;
Epirus governed by, xii. 395 _n._ 2.
_Olympic_ games, and Aëthlius, i. 100;
origin of, i. 140;
presidency of, ii. 10, 317 _seq._;
nature and importance of, ii. 241, 242;
the early point of union between Spartans, Messenians, and Eleians,
ii. 334;
and the Delian festival, iv. 54;
celebrity, history and duration of, iv. 55 _seq._;
interference of, with the defence of Thermopylæ, v. 77;
and the Karneia, v. 77 _n._;
conversation of Xerxes on, v. 113;
of the 90th Olympiad, vii. 52 _seq._;
celebration of, by the Arcadians and Pisatans, x. 318 _seq._;
legation of Dionysius to, xi. 28 _seq._
_Olympieion_ near Syracuse, battle of, vii. 219 _seq._
_Olympus_, ii. 211.
_Olympus, the Phrygian_, iii. 213 _n._, iv. 75.
_Olynthiac_, the earliest, of Demosthenês, xi. 327 _seq._;
the second, of Demosthenês, xi. 331 _seq._;
the third, of Demosthenês, xi. 335 _seq._
_Olynthiacs_ of Demosthenês, order of, xi. 358 _seq._
_Olynthian_ confederacy, x. 50 _seq._, 68, 381, xi. 324;
war, xi. 325-363.
_Olynthus_, iv. 24;
capture and re-population of, by Artabazus, v. 149;
increase of, by Perdikkas, vi. 69;
expedition of Eudamidas against, x. 58;
Teleutias at, x. 65 _seq._;
Agesipolis at, x. 67;
submission of, to Sparta, x. 68;
alliance of, rejected by the Athenians, xi. 236;
alliance of, with Philip, xi. 236 _seq._;
secedes from the alliance of Philip, and makes peace with Athens,
xi. 319;
hostility of Philip to, xi. 320;
Philip’s half-brothers flee to, xi. 321;
intrigues of Philip in, xi. 321;
attack of Philip upon, xi. 325, 381;
alliance of, with Athens, xi. 326;
renewed application of, to Athens, against Philip, xi. 331;
assistance from Athens to, B. C. 350, xi. 334;
three expeditions from Athens to, B. C. 349-348, xi. 334 _n._, 349;
expedition of Athenians to, B. C. 349, xi. 346, 347;
capture of, by Philip, xi. 350 _seq._, 364, 365, 372.
_Oneirus_, i. 7, ii. 185.
_Oneium_, Mount, Epaminondas at, x. 254.
_Onesilus_, iv. 292 _seq._
_Onomakles_, viii. 84 _seq._
_Onamakritus_, v. 3.
_Onomarchus_, and the treasures in the temple at Delphi, xi. 255;
successes of, 256, 293;
at Chæroneia, xi. 257;
power of the Phokians under, xi. 261;
aid to Lykophron by, xi. 293;
death of, xi. 294.
_Ophellas_, xii. 428, 431 _seq._
_Ophis_, the, x. 36.
_Opici_, iii. 353.
_Opis_, Alexander’s voyage to, xii. 243.
_Oracle at Delphi_, legend of, i. 41;
and the Krêtans, i. 226 _n._ 2;
and the Battiad dynasty, iv. 43;
answers of, on Xerxes’s invasion, v. 60 _seq._
_Oracles_, consultation and authority of, among the Greeks, ii. 255;
in Bœotia consulted by Mardonius, v. 149.
_Orations_, funeral, of Periklês, vi. 31, 144 _seq._
_Orchomenians_, i. 313.
_Orchomenus_, ante-historical, i. 130 _seq._;
and Thêbes, i. 135, v. 159 _n._ 4, x. 194.
_Orchomenus_, early historical, ii. 273;
capitulation of, B. C. 418, vii. 75;
revolt of, from Thebes to Sparta, ix. 293;
and the Pan-Arcadian union, x. 209, 210;
destruction of, x. 311.
_Oreithyia_, i. 199.
_Orestês_, i. 163 _seq._;
and Agamemnôn transferred to Sparta, i. 165.
_Orestês_, bones of, ii. 447.
_Oreus_, xi. 449, 452.
_Orgies_, post-Homeric, i. 27.
_Orœtês_, iv. 226, 245.
_Orontês the Persian nobleman_, ix. 36, 40 _n._ 2.
_Orontês_, the Persian satrap, x. 22, 24.
_Orôpus_, vi. 383 _n._ 2, viii. 25, x. 286.
_Orphans_ in legendary and historical Greece, ii. 91.
_Orpheotelestæ_, iii. 87.
_Orpheus_, i. 21, 22.
_Orphic_ Theogony, i. 16 _seq._;
egg, i. 18;
life, the, i. 23;
brotherhood, i. 34.
_Orsines_, xii. 237.
_Orthagoridæ_, iii. 33 _seq._
_Orthros_, i. 7.
_Ortygês_, iii. 187.
_Ortygia_, iii. 363;
fortification and occupation of, by Dionysius, x. 458 _seq._;
Dionysius besieged in, x. 462 _seq._;
blockade of, by Dion, xi. 95, 98, 114;
sallies of Nypsius from, xi. 107, 109, 111;
Dion’s entry into, xi. 117;
surrender of, to Timoleon, xi. 150 _seq._;
advantage of, to Timoleon, xi. 155;
siege of, by Hiketas and Magon, xi. 156 _seq._;
Timoleon’s demolition of the Dionysian works in, xi. 165;
Timoleon erects courts of justice in, xi. 165.
_Oscan_, Latin and Greek languages, iii. 354.
_Oscans_, iii. 353.
_Ossa_ and Pelion, ii. 214.
_Ostracism_, similarity of, to Solon’s condemnation of neutrality in
sedition, iii. 145, 147 _seq._, vii. 108 _seq._;
of Hyperbolus, iv. 151, vii. 101 _seq._;
of Kimon, v. 366;
of Thucydidês, son of Melêsias, vi. 19;
projected contention of, between Nikias and Alkibiadês,
vii. 106 _seq._;
at Syracuse, vii. 122.
_Otanês_, iv. 223, 249 _seq._, 277.
_Othryadês_, ii. 449.
_Othrys_, ii. 213 _seq._
_Otos_ and Ephialtês, i. 136.
_Ovid_ at Tomi, xii. 474 _n._
_Oxus_ crossed by Alexander, xii. 201.
_Oxylus_, i. 153, ii. 4, 9.
_Oxythemis Korônæus_, ii. 332 _n._ 2.
P.
_Pachês_, at Mitylênê, vi. 226, 237 _seq._;
at Notium, vi. 242;
pursues the fleet of Alkidas to Patmos, vi. 241;
sends Mitylenæan prisoners to Athens, vi. 243;
crimes and death of, vi. 258.
_Pæonians_, iv. 15;
conquest of, by Megabazus, iv. 276;
victory of Philip over, xi. 214.
_Pagasæ_, conquest of, by Philip, xi. 295;
importance of the Gulf of, to Philip, xi. 303.
_Pagondas_, vi. 384 _seq._
_Paktyas, the Lydian_, iv. 200 _seq._
_Palæmon_ and Inô, i. 124.
_Palæphatus_, his treatment of mythes, i. 415 _seq._
_Palamêdês_, i. 294.
_Palikê_, foundation of, vii. 123.
_Palladium_, capture of, i. 302.
_Pallakopas_, xii. 250.
_Pallas_, i. 6, 8.
_Pallas, son of Pandiôn_, i. 205.
_Pallênê_, i. 318, iv. 24.
_Palus Mæotis_, tribes east of, iii. 242.
_Pammenes_, expedition of, to Megalopolis, x. 359, xi. 257, 299.
_Pamphyli_, Hylleis, and Dymanes, ii. 360.
_Pamphylia_, conquest of, by Alexander, xii. 99.
_Panaktum_, vii. 24, 29.
_Pan-Arcadian Ten Thousand_, x. 232, 322.
_Pan-Arcadian union_, x. 208 _seq._, 321 _seq._
_Pandiôn_, i. 196.
_Pandiôn, son of Phineus_, i. 199.
_Pandiôn II._, i. 204.
_Pandôra_, i. 71, 76 _seq._
_Pan-Hellenic_ proceeding, the earliest approach to, iv. 50;
feeling, growth of, between B. C. 776-560, iv. 51;
character of the four great games, iv. 67;
congress at the Isthmus of Corinth, v. 57 _seq._;
patriotism of the Athenians on Xerxes’s invasion, v. 62;
union under Sparta after the repulse of Xerxes, v. 260;
schemes and sentiment of Periklês, vi. 18;
pretences of Alexander, xii. 51.
_Pan-Ionic_ festival and Amphiktyony in Asia, iii. 177.
_Panoptês_, Argos, i. 84.
_Pantaleôn_, ii. 434.
_Pantikapæum_, xii. 479 _seq._, 487.
_Pantitês_, story of, v. 94 _n._ 1.
_Paphlagonia_, submission of, to Alexander, xii. 111.
_Paphlagonians_, and the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 144.
_Paragraphê_, viii. 299.
_Parali_, at Samos, viii. 29.
_Paralus_, arrival of, at Athens from Samos, viii. 30.
_Paranomôn_, Graphê, v. 375 _seq._, viii. 36.
_Parasang_, length of, ix. 14 _n._ 3.
_Paris_, i. 286 _seq._, 301.
_Parisades I._, xii. 482.
_Parmenidês_, viii. 343, 344 _n._
_Parmenio_, embassy of, from Philip to Athens, xi. 386, 388, 389, 398,
401;
operations of, in Asia Minor against Memnon, xii. 49;
debate of, with Alexander at Milêtus, xii. 92;
captures Damascus, xii. 128;
at the battle of Arbela, xii. 158, 159, 164, 165;
invested with the chief command at Ekbatana, xii. 181;
family of, xii. 190;
alleged conspiracy and assassination of, xii. 196 _seq._
_Paropamisadæ_, subjugation of, by Alexander, xii. 200.
_Paros_, Theramenês at, viii. 118.
_Partheniæ_, iii. 387.
_Parthenon_, vi. 21, 22;
records of offerings in, xi. 249 _n._, 252 _n._ 3.
_Parthia_, Darius pursued by Alexander into, xii. 182 _seq._
_Partition of lands_ ascribed to Lykurgus, ii. 380, 393 _seq._,
401 _seq._;
proposed by Agis, iii. 399, 401.
_Parysatis, wife of Darius Nothus_, ix. 61, 72.
_Parysatis, daughter of Darius Nothus_, xii. 241.
_Pasimêlus_, ix. 331 _seq._
_Pasion_, and Xenias, ix. 28.
_Pasiphaë_ and the Minôtaur, i. 220.
_Pasippidas_, banishment of, viii. 128.
_Patizeithês_, conspiracy of, iv. 223.
_Patrokleidês_, amnesty proposed by, viii. 224.
_Patroklus_, treatment of, in the Iliad, ii. 177.
_Patronymic_ names of demes, iii. 63 _n._ 2.
_Patrôus_ Apollo, i. 50.
_Pattala_, xii. 235 _n._ 4.
_Pausanias, the historian_, on the Achæans, i. 104;
his view of mythes, i. 414;
his history of the Bœotians between the siege of Troy and the Return
of the Hêrakleids, ii. 16;
his account of the Messenian wars, ii. 425 _seq._, 428 _seq._;
on Iphikrates at Corinth, B. C. 369, x. 238 _n._
_Pausanias, the Spartan regent_, at the Isthmus of Corinth, v. 165;
at Platæa, v. 168 _seq._, 177 _seq._;
misconduct of, after the battle of Platæa, v. 178 _seq._, 181;
conduct of, after losing the command of the Greeks, v. 269;
detection and death of, v. 272 _seq._;
and Themistoklês, v. 273, 282.
_Pausanias the Spartan king_, and Lysander, viii. 262;
his expedition to Attica, viii. 275 _seq._;
his attack upon Peiræus, viii. 276;
his pacification between the Ten at Athens and the exiles at
Peiræus, viii. 277 _seq._;
in Bœotia, ix. 295 _seq._;
condemnation of, ix. 297 _seq._;
and the democratical leaders of Mantinea, x. 37.
_Pausanias the Macedonian_, x. 249, xi. 515 _seq._
_Pedaritus_, vii. 399, 391, viii. 19.
_Pedieis_, iii. 93.
_Pedigrees_, mythical, connect _gentes_, i. 193.
_Pegasus_, i. 4, 122.
_Peiræum_, Athenian victory near, vii. 369;
defeat of the Athenian fleet near, vii. 381;
capture of, by Agesilaus, ix. 343, 345 _seq._;
recovery of, by Iphikrates, ix. 353.
_Peiræus_, fortification of, by Themistoklês, v. 249 _seq._;
and Athens, Long Walls between, v. 324 _seq._, viii. 229,
ix. 333 _seq._;
improvements at, under Periklês, vi. 20;
departure of the armament for Sicily from, vii. 181;
walls built at, by the Four Hundred, viii. 63;
approach of the Lacedæmonian fleet under Agesandridas to,
viii. 66, 71;
Thrasybulus at, viii. 272 _seq._;
king Pausanias’s attack upon, viii. 276;
attack of Teleutias on, ix. 377 _seq._;
attempt of Sphodrias to surprise, x. 98 _seq._;
seizure of, by Nikanor, xii. 346.
_Peisander_, and the mutilation of the Hermæ, vii. 200;
and the conspiracy of the Four Hundred, viii. 8, 12, 13 _seq._, 21,
26, 33 _seq._;
statements respecting, viii. 32 _n._;
punishment of, viii. 88.
_Peisander, the Lacedæmonian admiral_, ix. 274, 283.
_Peisistratids_, and Thucydidês iv. 112 _n._ 2;
fall of the dynasty of, iv. 122;
with Xerxes in Athens, v. 115 _seq._
_Peisistratus_, iii. 153 _seq._, iv. 102 _seq._, 117.
_Peithias, the Korkyræan_, vi. 268 _seq._
_Pelasgi_, ii. 261 _seq._;
in Italy, iii. 351;
of Lemnos and Imbros, iv. 277.
_Pelasgikon_, oracle about the, vi. 129 _n._ 2.
_Pelasgus_, i. 173.
_Pêleus_, i. 114, 187 _seq._
_Pelias_, i. 108 _seq._, 114 _seq._
_Pelion_ and Ossa, ii. 214.
_Pella_, embassies from Grecian states at, B. C. 346, xi. 404 _seq._;
under Philip, xii. 66.
_Pellênê_, i. 318;
and Phlius, x. 271.
_Pelopidas_, escape of, to Athens, x. 61;
conspiracy of, against the philo-Laconian rulers at Thebes,
x. 81 _seq._;
slaughter of Leontiades by, x. 86;
and Epaminondas, x. 121;
victory of, at Tegyra, x. 134;
in Thessaly, x. 249, 263, 283 _seq._, 303, 307 _seq._;
and Philip, x. 249 _n._ 2, 264;
and Alexander of Pheræ, x. 282 _seq._;
death of, x. 308.
_Pelopidas_, i. 153 _seq._, 160.
_Peloponnesian_ war, its injurious effects upon the Athenian empire,
vi. 46;
war, commencement of, vi. 103-153;
fleet, Phormio’s victories over, vi. 196 _seq._, 203 _seq._;
war, agreement of the Peloponnesian confederacy at the commencement
of, vii. 19 _n._;
allies, synod of, at Corinth, B. C. 412, vii. 368;
fleet of under Theramenês, vii. 387 _seq._;
fleet at Rhodes, vii. 400 _seq._, viii. 94;
fleet, return of, from Rhodes to Milêtus, viii. 25;
fleet discontent in, Milêtus, viii. 95, 97 _seq._;
fleet, capture of, at Kyzikus, viii. 121;
fleet, pay of, by Cyrus, viii. 143;
confederacy, assembly of, at Sparta, B. C. 404, viii. 228;
confederacy, Athens at the head of, B. C. 371, x. 201;
allies of Sparta after the Peloponnesian war, xi. 280.
_Peloponnesians_, immigrant, ii. 303;
conduct of, after the battle of Thermopylæ, v. 106;
and Mardonius’s approach, v. 154 _seq._;
and the fortification of Athens, v. 243 _seq._, 247;
five years’ truce of, with Athens, v. 334;
position and views of, in commencing the Peloponnesian war,
vi. 94 _seq._, 113, 124 _seq._;
invasions of Attica, by, under Archidamus, vi. 126 _seq._, 154;
slaughter of neutral prisoners by, vi. 182;
and Ambrakiots attack Akarnania, vi. 194 _seq._;
application of revolted Mitylenæans to, vi. 226 _seq._;
and Ætolians attack Naupaktus, vi. 301;
and Tissaphernês, vii. 387, 395 _seq._, viii. 4, 21 _seq._, 113 _seq._;
defeat of, at Kynossêma, viii. 109 _seq._;
at Abydos, viii. 117;
aid of Pharnabazus to, viii. 126;
letters of Philip to, xi. 492.
_Peloponnesus_, eponym of, i. 154;
invasion and division of, by the Hêrakleids, ii. 4;
mythical tide of the Dorians to, ii. 6;
extension of Pindus through, ii. 212;
distribution of, about B. C. 450, ii. 299 _seq._;
difference between the distribution, B. C. 450 and 776, ii. 302;
population of, which was believed to be indigenous, ii. 303;
southern inhabitants of, before the Dorian invasion, ii. 337;
events in, during the first twenty years of the Athenian hegemony,
v. 315 _seq._;
voyage of Tolmidês round, v. 331;
ravages of, by the Athenians, vi. 135, 164;
political relations in, B. C. 421, vii. 23;
expedition of Alkibiadês into the interior of, vii. 63;
expedition of Konon and Pharnabazus to, ix. 322;
circumnavigation of, by Timotheus, x. 132;
proceedings in, after the battle of Leuktra, x. 198, 242;
expedition of Epaminondas to, x. 215 _seq._, 254 _seq._, 266 _seq._,
328 _seq._;
state of, B. C. 362, x. 313 _seq._;
visits of Dion to, xi. 61;
disunion of, B. C. 360-359, xi. 199;
affairs of, B. C. 354-352, xi. 290 _seq._;
war in, B. C. 352-351, xi. 299;
intervention of Philip in, after B. C. 346, xi. 443;
expedition of Philip to, xi. 511;
Kassander and Polysperchon in, xii. 360, 365;
Kassander and Alexander, son of Polysperchon, in, xii. 368, 369.
_Pelops_, i. 154 _seq._
_Pelusium_, Alexander at, xii. 146.
_Penal_ procedure at Athens, iv. 366 _n._
_Penestæ_, Thessalian, ii. 279 _seq._
_Pentakosiomedimni_, iii. 117.
_Pentapolis_ on the south-west coast of the Euxine, xii. 458, 472.
_Pentekontêrs_, Spartan, ii. 459.
_Pentekostys_, i. 458.
_Penthesileia_, ii. 209, 298.
_Pentheus_ and Agavê, i. 262 _seq._
_Perdikkas I._, iv. 17.
_Perdikkas II._, relations and proceedings of, towards Athens,
vi. 67 _seq._, 71, 141, 370, 448 _seq._, vii. 96, 104;
and Sitalkês, xi. 217, 220;
application of, to Sparta, vi. 398;
and Brasidas, relations between, vi. 369, 448, 450 _seq._;
joins Sparta and Argos, vii. 96;
death of, x. 46.
_Perdikkas, brother of Philip_, x. 300, 301, 370, 382, xi. 205 _seq._
_Perdikkas, Alexander’s general_, xii. 256, 319, 333 _seq._, 337.
_Pergamum_, i. 286 _n._ 5, 324.
_Pergamus_, custom in the temple of Asklêpius at, i. 301 _n._ 4.
_Pergamus in Mysia_, the Ten Thousand Greeks at, ix. 172 _seq._
_Periander, the Corinthian despot_, power and character of,
iii. 41 _seq._
_Perikles_, difference between the democracy after, and the
constitution of Kleisthenês, iv. 148;
effect of, on constitutional morality, iv. 163;
at the battle of Tanagra, v. 328;
expeditions of, to Sikyon and Akarnania, v. 332;
policy of, B. C. 450, v. 342;
reconquest of Eubœa by, v. 349;
and Ephialtês, constitution of dikasteries by, v. 355 _seq._;
and Kimon, v. 362 _seq._;
public life and character of, v. 362 _seq._;
and Ephialtês, judicial reform of, v. 355 _seq._, 366 _seq._;
real nature of the constitutional changes effected by,
v. 367 _seq._;
commencement of the ascendancy of, v. 370;
and Kimon, compromise between, v. 329, 371;
his conception of the relation between Athens and her allies, vi. 4;
and Athenian kleruchs by, vi. 10;
and Thucydidês, son of Melêsias, vi. 15 _seq._;
Pan-Hellenic schemes and sentiment of, vi. 18;
city-improvements at Athens under, vi. 20 _seq._, 23 _seq._;
sculpture at Athens under, vi. 22;
attempt of, to convene a Grecian congress at Athens, vi. 25;
Sophoklês, etc., Athenian armament under, vi. 27 _seq._;
funeral orations of, vi. 31, 143 _seq._;
demand of the Spartans for his banishment, vi. 97, 105;
indirect attacks of his political opponents upon, vi. 98 _seq._;
his family relations, and connection with Aspasia, vi. 101, 102;
charge of peculation against, vi. 103 _seq._;
stories of his having caused the Peloponnesian war, vi. 104 _n._;
speech of, before the Peloponnesian war, vi. 107 _seq._;
and the ravages of Attica by Archidamus, vi. 128 _seq._;
last speech of, xii. 165 _seq._;
accusation and punishment of, vi. 168 _seq._;
old age and death of, vi. 170 _seq._;
life and character of, vi. 172 _seq._;
new class of politicians at Athens after, vi. 171 _seq._;
and Nikias compared, vi. 287.
_Perriklymenos_, i. 112 _seq._
_Perinthus_, iv. 27;
and Athens, viii. 126, xi. 461;
siege of, by Philip, xi. 454, 458.
_Periœki_, ii. 364 _seq._, 369, 371 _n._ 2;
Libyan, iv. 40, 42, 45.
_Pêrô_, Bias and Melampus, i. 110 _seq._
_Perseid_ dynasty, i. 91.
_Persephonê_, i. 10;
mysteries of, v. 208 _n._ 2.
_Persepolis_, Alexander’s march from Susa to, xii. 170 _seq._;
Alexander at, xii. 172 _seq._, 237;
Alexander’s return from India to, xii. 237.
_Persês_, i. 6.
_Perseus_, exploits of, i. 89 _seq._
_Persia_, application of Athens for alliance with, iv. 165;
state of, on the formation of the confederacy of Delos, v. 267;
treatment of Themistoklês in, v. 284 _seq._;
operations of Athens and the Delian confederacy against,
v. 303 _seq._;
and Athens, treaty between, B. C. 450, v. 335 _seq._;
Asiatic Greeks not tributary to, between B. C. 477-412,
v. 337 _n._ 2;
surrender of the Asiatic Greeks by Sparta to, ix. 205;
and the peace of Antalkidas, ix. 385 _seq._, x. 2 _seq._, 158;
applications of Sparta and Athens to, x. 5 _seq._;
hostility of, to Sparta after the battle of Ægospotami, x. 8;
unavailing efforts of, to reconquer Egypt, x. 13;
and Evagoras, x. 20 _seq._;
Spartan project against, for the rescue of the Asiatic Greeks,
x. 44;
application of Thebes to, x. 277 _seq._;
embassy from Athens to, B. C. 366, x. 293;
state of, B. C. 362, x. 360, 366;
alarm at Athens about, B. C. 354, xi. 285;
projected invasion of, by Philip, xi. 511 _seq._;
correspondence of Demosthenes with, xii. 20 _seq._;
accumulation of royal treasures in, xii. 175 _n._ 3;
roads in, xii. 180 _n._
_Persian_ version of the legend of Io, i. 86;
noblemen, conspiracy of, against the false Smerdis, iv. 223 _seq._;
empire, organization of, by Darius Hystaspês, iv. 233 _seq._;
envoys to Macedonia, iv. 276;
armament against Cyprus, iv. 292;
force against Milêtus, iv. 299;
fleet at Ladê, iv. 304;
fleet and Asiatic Greeks, iv. 307;
armament under Datis, iv. 329 _seq._, 345;
fleet before the battle of Salamis, v. 85 _seq._, 99 _seq._, 113,
119, 125, 127 _nn._;
army, march of, from Thermopylæ to Attica, v. 114 _seq._;
fleet at Salamis, v. 130 _seq._;
fleet after the battle of Salamis, v. 137, 147;
army under Mardonius, v. 154 _seq._;
fleet at Mykalê, v. 191;
army at Mykalê, v. 193;
army, after the defeat at Mykalê, v. 198;
war effect of, upon Athenian political sentiment, v. 274;
kings, from Xerxes to Artaxerxes Mnemon, vi. 362 _seq._;
cavalry, and the retreating Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 89 _seq._;
empire, distribution of, into satrapies and subsatrapies, ix. 209;
preparations for maritime war against Sparta, B. C. 397, ix. 255,
268;
king, Thebans obtain money from, xi. 302;
forces in Phrygia on Alexander’s landing, xii. 75, 78;
Gates, Alexander at, xii. 171;
fleet and armies, hopes raised in Greece by, B. C. 334-331,
xii. 276.
_Persians_, condition of, at the rise of Cyrus the Great, iv. 187;
conquests of, under Cyrus the Great, iv. 209, 216 _seq._;
the first who visited Greece, iv. 257 _seq._;
conquest of Thrace by, under Darius Hystaspês, iv. 273;
successes of, against the revolted coast of Asia Minor, iv. 289;
attempts of, to disunite the Ionians at Ladê, iv. 300;
narrow escape of Miltiadês from, iv. 307;
cruelties of, at Milêtus, iv. 308;
attempted revolt of Thasos from, iv. 314;
at Marathon, iv. 333, 345 _seq._;
after the battle of Marathon, iv. 351, 352;
change of Grecian feeling towards, after the battle of Marathon,
iv. 355;
their religious conception of history, v. 10;
at Thermopylæ, v. 83, 85 _seq._;
in Psyttaleia, v. 128, 136;
at Salamis, v. 131 _seq._;
at Platæa, v. 163 _seq._;
at Mykalê, v. 197;
between Xerxes and Darius Codomannus, v. 241;
necessity of Grecian activity against, after the battles of Platæa
and Mykalê, v. 296;
mutilation inflicted by, ix. 9;
heralds from, to the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 52;
impotence and timidity of, ix. 75;
imprudence of, in letting Alexander cross the Hellespont, xii. 78;
defeat of, at the Granikus, xii. 80 _seq._;
defeat of, at Issus, xii. 118 _seq._;
incorporation of, in the Macedonian phalanx, xii. 251.
_Persis_, subjugation of, by Alexander, xii. 177;
Alexander’s return from India to, xii. 237.
_Personages_, quasi-human, in Grecian mythology, i. 342 _seq._
_Personal_ ascendency of the king in legendary Greece, ii. 61;
feeling towards the gods, the king, or individuals in legendary
Greece, ii. 80 _seq._;
sympathies the earliest form of social existence, ii. 84.