called Aræ by _Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 1, near which the Romans
under Catulus, in the first Punic war, defeated the Carthaginian
fleet under Hanno, 242 B.C. _Livy_, bk. 21, chs. 10 & 41; bk. 22,
ch. 54.――_Mela_, bk. 2, ch. 7.――_Silius Italicus_, bk. 1, li. 61.
=Ægēleon=, a town of Macedonia taken by king Attalus. _Livy_, bk. 31,
ch. 46.
=Ægēria.= _See:_ Egeria.
=Ægesta=, the daughter of Hippotes, and mother of Ægestus, called
Acestes. _Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 1, li. 554.――――An ancient town of
Sicily near mount Eryx, destroyed by Agathocles. It was sometimes
called Segesta and Acesta. _Diodorus_, bk. 10.
=Ægeus=, king of Athens, son of Pandion, being desirous of having
children, went to consult the oracle, and in his return, stopped
at the court of Pittheus king of Trœzene, who gave him his daughter
Æthra in marriage. He left her pregnant, and told her, that if she
had a son, to send him to Athens as soon as he could lift a stone
under which he had concealed his sword. By this sword he was to be
known to Ægeus, who did not wish to make any public discovery of
a son, for fear of his nephews, the Pallantides, who expected his
crown. Æthra became mother of Theseus, whom she accordingly sent to
Athens with his father’s sword. At the time, Ægeus lived with Medea
the divorced wife of Jason. When Theseus came to Athens, Medea
attempted to poison him; but he escaped, and upon showing Ægeus
the sword he wore, discovered himself to be his son. When Theseus
returned from Crete after the death of the Minotaur, he forgot,
agreeably to the engagement made with his father, to hoist up
white sails as a signal of his success: and Ægeus, at the sight of
black sails, concluding that his son was dead, threw himself from a
high rock into the sea; which, from him, as some suppose, has been
called the Ægean. Ægeus reigned 48 years, and died B.C. 1235. He is
supposed to have first introduced into Greece the worship of Venus
Urania, to render the goddess propitious to his wishes in having a
son. _See:_ Theseus, Minotaurus, and Medea. _Apollodorus_, bk. 1,
chs. 8, 9; bk. 3, ch. 15.――_Pausanias_, bk. 1, chs. 5, 22, 38; bk. 4,
ch. 2.――_Plutarch_, _Theseus_.――_Hyginus_, fables 37, 43, 79, & 173.
=Ægiăle=, one of Phaeton’s sisters changed into poplars, and their
tears into amber. They are called Heliades.――――A daughter of
Adrastus, by Amphitea daughter of Pronax. She married Diomedes, in
whose absence, during the Trojan war, she prostituted herself to
her servants, and chiefly to Cometes, whom the king had left master
of his house. At his return, Diomedes, being told of his wife’s
wantonness, went to settle in Daunia. Some say that Venus implanted
those vicious and lustful propensities in Ægiale, to revenge herself
on Diomedes, who had wounded her in the Trojan war. _Ovid_, _Ibis_,
li. 350.――_Homer_, _Iliad_, bk. 5, li. 412.――_Apollodorus_, bk. 1,
ch. 9.――_Statius_, bk. 3, _Sylvæ_, poem 5, li. 48.
=Ægiălea=, an island near Peloponnesus, in the Cretan sea.――――Another
in the Ionian sea, near the Echinades. _Pliny_, bk. 4, ch. 12.――
_Herodotus_, bk. 4, ch. 107.――――The ancient name of Peloponnesus.
_Strabo_, bk. 12.――_Mela_, bk. 2, ch. 7.
=Ægialeus=, son of Adrastus by Amphitea or Demoanassa, was one of the
Epigoni, _i.e._ one of the sons of those generals who were killed in
the first Theban war. They went against the Thebans, who had refused
to give burial to their fathers, and were victorious. They all
returned home safe, except Ægialeus, who was killed. That expedition
is called the war of the Epigoni. _Pausanias_, bk. 1, chs. 43, 44;
bk. 2, ch. 20; bk. 9, ch. 5.――_Apollodorus_, bk. 1, ch. 9; bk. 3,
ch. 7.――――The same as Absyrtus brother to Medea. _Justin_, bk. 42,
ch. 3.――_Cicero_, _de Natura Deorum_, bk. 3.――_Diodorus_, bk. 4.
=Ægiălus=, son of Phoroneus, was entrusted with the kingdom of Achaia
by king Apis going to Egypt. Peloponnesus was called Ægialea from
him.――――A man who founded the kingdom of Sicyon, 2091 before the
christian era, and reigned 52 years.
=Ægialus=, a name given to part of Peloponnesus. _See:_ Achaia.
_Pausanias_, bk. 5, ch. 1; bk. 7, ch. 1.――――An inconsiderable town
of Pontus.――――A city of Asia Minor.――――A city of Thrace near the
river Strymon.――――A mountain of Galatia.――――Another in Æthiopia.
=Ægīdes=, a patronymic of Theseus. _Homer_, _Iliad_, bk. 1, li. 265.
=Ægĭla=, a place in Laconia, where Aristomenes was taken prisoner by
a crowd of religious women whom he had attacked. _Pausanias_, bk. 4,
ch. 17.
=Ægilia=, an island between Crete and Peloponnesus.――――A place in
Eubœa. _Herodotus_, bk. 6, ch. 101.
=Ægimius=, an old man who lived, according to Anacreon, 200 years.
_Pliny_, bk. 7, ch. 48.――――A king of Doris, whom Hercules assisted
to conquer the Lapithæ. _Apollodorus_, bk. 2, ch. 7.
=Ægimōrus=, or =Ægimūrus=, an island near Libya, supposed by some to
be the same which Virgil mentions under the name of Aræ. _Pliny_,
bk. 5, ch. 7.
=Ægīna=, daughter of Asopus, had Æacus by Jupiter changed into a flame
of fire. She afterwards married Actor son of Myrmidon, by whom she
had some children, who conspired against their father. Some say that
she was changed by Jupiter into the island which bears her name.
_Pliny_, bk. 4, ch. 12.――_Strabo_, bk. 8.――_Mela_, bk. 2, ch. 7.――
_Apollodorus_, bk. 1, ch. 9; bk. 3, ch. 12.――_Pausanias_, bk. 2,
chs. 5 & 29.――――An island formerly called Œnopia, and now Engia, in
a part of the Ægean sea, called Saronicus Sinus, about 22 miles in
circumference. The inhabitants were once destroyed by a pestilence,
and the country was repeopled by ants changed into men by Jupiter,
at the prayer of king Æacus. They were once a very powerful nation
by sea, but they cowardly gave themselves up to Darius when he
demanded submission from all the Greeks. The Athenians under
Pericles made war against them; and after taking 70 of their ships
in a naval battle, they expelled them from Ægina. The fugitives
settled in Peloponnesus, and after the ruin of Athens by Lysander,
they returned to their country, but never after rose to their former
power or consequence. _Herodotus_, bks. 5, 6, & 7.――_Pausanias_,
bk. 2, ch. 29; bk. 8, ch. 44.――_Strabo_, bk. 8.――_Ælian_, _Varia
Historia_, bk. 12, ch. 10.
=Æginēta Paulus=, a physician born in Ægina. He flourished in the 3rd,
or, according to others, the 7th century, and first deserved to be
called man-midwife. He wrote _De Re Medicâ_, in seven books.
=Ægīnētes=, a king of Arcadia, in whose age Lycurgus instituted his
famous laws. _Pausanias_, bk. 1, ch. 5.
=Ægiŏchus=, a surname of Jupiter, from his being brought up by the
goat Amalthæa, and using her skin instead of a shield, in the war of
the Titans. _Diodorus_, bk. 5.
=Ægĭpan=, a name of Pan, because he had goat’s feet.
=Ægīra=, a town between Ætolia and Peloponnesus.――――A town of Achaia.
_Pausanias_, bk. 7, ch. 26.――_Herodotus_, bk. 1, ch. 145.
=Ægiroessa=, a town of Ætolia. _Herodotus_, bk. 1, ch. 149.
=Ægis=, the shield of Jupiter, ἀπο της αἰγος, _a goat’s skin_. This
was the goat Amalthæa, with whose skin he covered his shield. The
goat was placed among the constellations. Jupiter gave this shield
to Pallas, who placed upon it Medusa’s head, which turned into
stones all those who fixed their eyes upon it. _Virgil_, _Æneid_,
bk. 8, lis. 352 & 435.
=Ægisthus=, king of Argos, was son of Thyestes by his daughter Pelopea.
Thyestes being at variance with his brother Atreus, was told by
the oracle that his wrongs could be revenged only by a son born of
himself and his daughter. To avoid such an incest, Pelopea had been
consecrated to the service of Minerva by her father, who some time
after met her in a wood, and ravished her, without knowing who she
was. Pelopea kept the sword of her ravisher, and finding it to be
her father’s, exposed the child she had brought forth. The child
was preserved, and when grown up presented with the sword of his
mother’s ravisher. Pelopea soon after this melancholy adventure had
married her uncle Atreus, who received into his house her natural
son. As Thyestes had debauched the first wife of Atreus, Atreus sent
Ægisthus to put him to death; but Thyestes, knowing the assassin’s
sword, discovered that he was his own son, and fully to revenge his
wrongs, sent him back to murder Atreus. After this murder Thyestes
ascended the throne, and banished Agamemnon and Menelaus, the
sons, or as others say, the grandsons of Atreus. These children
fled to Polyphidus of Sicyon; but as he dreaded the power of
their persecutors, he permitted the protection of them to Œneus
king of Ætolia. By their marriage with the daughters of Tyndarus
king of Sparta, they were empowered to recover the kingdom of
Argos, to which Agamemnon succeeded, while Menelaus reigned in his
father-in-law’s place. Ægisthus had been reconciled to the sons of
Atreus; and when they went to the Trojan war, he was left guardian
of Agamemnon’s kingdom, and of his wife Clytemnestra. Ægisthus
fell in love with Clytemnestra, and lived with her. On Agamemnon’s
return, these two adulterers murdered him, and, by a public marriage,
strengthened themselves on the throne of Argos. Orestes, Agamemnon’s
son, would have shared his father’s fate, had not his sister Electra
privately sent him to his uncle Strophius king of Phocis, where he
contracted the most intimate friendship with his cousin Pylades.
Some time after, Orestes came to Mycenæ the residence of Ægisthus,
and resolved to punish the murderers of his father, in conjunction
with Electra, who lived in disguise in the tyrant’s family. To
effect this more effectually, Electra publicly declared that her
brother Orestes was dead; upon which Ægisthus and Clytemnestra went
to the temple of Apollo to return thanks to the god for his death.
Orestes, who had secretly concealed himself in the temple, attacked
them, and put them both to death, after a reign of seven years.
They were buried without the city walls. _See:_ Agamemnon, Thyestes,
Orestes, Clytemnestra, Pylades, and Electra. _Ovid_, _de Remedia
Amoris_, li. 161; _Tristia_, bk. 2, li. 396.――_Hyginus_, fables 87
& 88.――_Ælian_, _Varia Historia_, bk. 12, ch. 42.――_Pausanias_,
bk. 2, ch. 16, &c.――_Sophocles_, _Electra_.――_Aeschylus_ & _Seneca_,
_Agamemnon_.――_Homer_, _Odyssey_, bks. 3 & 11.――_Lactantius
[Placidus]_ on [Statius’] _Thebaid_, bk. 1, li. 684.――――Pompey used
to call Julius Cæsar, Ægisthus, on account of his adultery with
his wife Mutia, whom he repudiated after she had borne him three
children. _Suetonius_, _Julius Cæsar_, ch. 50.
=Ægĭtum=, a town of Æolia, on a mountain eight miles from the sea.
_Thucydides_. Bk. 3, ch. 97.
=Ægium=, a town on the Corinthian isthmus, where Jupiter was said to
have been fed by a goat, whence the name. _Strabo_, bk. 8.――_Livy_,
bk. 28, ch. 7.
=Ægle=, the youngest daughter of Æsculapius and Lampetie.――――A
nymph, daughter of Sol and Neæra. _Virgil_, _Eclogues_, poem 6, li.
20.――――A nymph, daughter of Panopeus, beloved by Theseus after he
had left Ariadne. _Plutarch_, _Theseus_.――――One of the Hesperides.
――――One of the Graces.――――A prostitute. _Martial_, bk. 1, ltr. 95.
=Ægles=, a Samian wrestler, born dumb. Seeing some unlawful measures
pursued in a contest, he broke the string which held his tongue,
through the desire of speaking, and ever after spoke with ease.
_Valerius Maximus_, bk. 1, ch. 8.
=Æglētes=, a surname of Apollo.
=Æglŏge=, a nurse of Nero. _Suetonius_, _Nero_, ch. 50.
=Ægobolus=, a surname of Bacchus at Potnia, in Bœotia.
=Ægocĕros=, or =Capricornus=, an animal into which Pan transformed
himself when flying before Typhon in the war with the giants.
Jupiter made him a constellation. _Lucretius_, bk. 1, li. 613.
=Ægon=, a shepherd. _Virgil_, _Eclogues_.――_Theocritus_, _Idylls_.
――――A promontory of Lemnos.――――A name of the Ægean sea. _Flaccus_,
bk. 1, li. 628.――――A boxer of Zacynthus, who dragged a large bull
by the heel from a mountain into the city. _Theocritus_, _Idylls_,
poem 4.
=Ægospotămos=, i.e. _the goat’s river_, a town in the Thracian
Chersonesus, with a river of the same name, where the Athenian fleet,
consisting of 180 ships, was defeated by Lysander, on the 13th Dec.,
B.C. 405, in the last year of the Peloponnesian war. _Mela_, bk. 2,
ch. 2.――_Pliny_, bk. 2, ch. 58.――_Pausanias_, bk. 3, chs. 8 & 11.
=Ægosāgæ=, an Asiatic nation under Attalus, with whom he conquered
Asia, and to whom he gave a settlement near the Hellespont.
_Polybius_, bk. 5.
=Ægus= and =Roscillus=, two brothers amongst the Allobroges, who
deserted from Cæsar to Pompey. _Cæsar_, _Civil War_, bk. 3, ch. 59.
=Ægūsa=, the middle island of the Ægates, near Sicily.
=Ægy=, a town near Sparta, destroyed because its inhabitants were
suspected by the Spartans of favouring the Arcadians. _Pausanias_,
bk. 3, ch. 2.
=Ægypānes=, a nation in the middle of Africa, whose body is human
above the waist, and that of a goat below. _Mela_, bk. 1, chs. 4 & 8.
=Ægypsus=, a town of the Getæ, near the Danube. _Ovid_, _ex Ponto_,
bk. 1, ltr. 8; bk. 4, ltr. 7.
=Ægypta=, a freedman of Cicero. _Letters to Atticus_, bk. 8.
=Ægyptii=, the inhabitants of Egypt. _See:_ Ægyptus.
=Ægyptium mare=, that part of the Mediterranean sea which is on the
coast of Egypt.
=Ægyptus=, son of Belus, and brother to Danaus, gave his 50 sons
in marriage to the 50 daughters of his brother. Danaus, who had
established himself at Argos, and was jealous of his brother, who,
by following him from Egypt into Greece, seemed envious of his
prosperity, obliged all his daughters to murder their husbands the
first night of their nuptials. This was executed; but Hypermnestra
alone spared her husband Lynceus. Even Ægyptus was killed by his
niece Polyxena. _See:_ Danaus, Danaides, Lynceus. Ægyptus was
king, after his father, of a part of Africa, which from him has
been called Ægyptus. _Hyginus_, fables 168, 170.――_Apollodorus_,
bk. 2, ch. 1.――_Ovid_, _Heroides_, poem 14.――_Pausanias_, bk. 7,
ch. 21.――――An extensive country of Africa, watered by the Nile,
bounded on the east by Arabia, and on the west by Libya. Its name
is derived from Ægyptus brother to Danaus. Its extent, according
to modern calculation, is 180 leagues from north to south, and
it measures 120 leagues on the shore of the Mediterranean; but
at the distance of 50 leagues from the sea, it diminishes so much
as scarce to measure seven or eight leagues between the mountains
on the east and west. It is divided into lower, which lies near
the Mediterranean, and upper, which is towards the south. Upper
Egypt was famous for the town of Thebes, but Lower Egypt was the
most peopled, and contained the Delta, a number of large islands,
which, from their form, have been called after the fourth letter
of the Greek alphabet. This country has been the mother of arts
and sciences. The greatest part of Lower Egypt has been formed by
the mud and sand carried down by the Nile. The Egyptians reckoned
themselves the most ancient nation in the universe [_See:_
Psammetichus], but some authors make them of Æthiopian origin. They
were remarkable for their superstition; they paid as much honour to
the cat, the crocodile, the bull, and even to onions, as to Isis.
Rain never or seldom falls in this country; the fertility of the
soil originates in the yearly inundations of the Nile, which rises
about 25 feet above the surface of the earth, and exhibits a large
plain of waters, in which are scattered here and there the towns and
villages, as the Cyclades in the Ægean sea. The air is not wholesome,
but the population is great, and the cattle very prolific. It is
said that Egypt once contained 20,000 cities, the most remarkable of
which were Thebes, Memphis, Alexandria, Pelusium, Coptos, Arsinoe,
&c. It was governed by kings who have immortalized themselves by
the pyramids they have raised and the canals they have opened. The
priests traced the existence of the country for many thousand years,
and fondly imagined that the gods were their first sovereigns, and
that their monarchy had lasted 11,340 years according to Herodotus.
According to the calculation of Constantine Manasses, the kingdom of
Egypt lasted 1663 years from its beginning under Misraim the son of
Ham, 2188 B.C., to the conquest of Cambyses, 525 B.C. Egypt revolted
afterwards from the Persian power, B.C. 414, and Amyrtæus then
became king. After him succeeded Psammetichus, whose reign began
408 B.C.: Nephereus, 396: Acoris, 389: Psammuthis, 376: Nepherites,
4 months, and Nectanebis, 375: Tachos, or Teos, 363: Nectanebus,
361. It was conquered by Ochus, 350 B. C.; and after the conquest
of Persia by Alexander, Ptolemy refounded the kingdom, and began to
reign 323 B.C.: Philadelphus, 284: Evergetes, 246: Philopater, 221:
Epiphanes, 204: Philomater, 180 and 169, conjointly with Evergetes
II. or Physcon, for six years: Evergetes II. 145: Lathurus Soter,
and his mother Cleopatra, 116: Alexander of Cyprus, and Cleopatra,
106: Lathurus Soter restored, 88: Cleopatra II. six months, with
Alexander II. 19 days, 81: Ptolemy, surnamed Alexander III. 80:
Dionysius, surnamed Auletes, 65: Dionysius II. with Cleopatra III.
51: Cleopatra III. with young Ptolemy, 46, and in 30 B.C. it was
reduced by Augustus into a Roman province. The history of Egypt,
therefore, can be divided into three epochas: the first beginning
with the foundation of the empire, to the conquest of Cambyses; the
second ends at the death of Alexander; and the third comprehends
the reign of the Ptolemies, and ends at the death of Cleopatra,
in the age of Augustus.――_Justin_, bk. 1.――_Hirtius_, _Alexandrine
War_, ch. 24.――_Macrobius_, _Somnium Scipionis_, bk. 1, chs. 19 &
21.――_Herodian_, bk. 4, ch. 9.――_Strabo_, bk. 17.――_Herodotus_, bks.
2, 3, & 7.――_Theocritus_, _Idylls_, poem 17, li. 79.――_Polybius_,
bk. 15.――_Diodorus_, bk. 1.――_Pliny_, bk. 5, ch. 1; bk. 14, ch. 7.――
_Marcellinus_, bk. 22, ch. 40.――_Justin_, bk. 1.――_Cornelius Nepos_,
_Pausanias_, bk. 3; _Iphicrates_; _Datames_, ch. 3.――_Curtius_,
bk. 4, ch. 1.――_Juvenal_, satire 15, li. 175.――_Pausanias_, bk. 1,
ch. 14.――_Plutarch_, _de Facie in Orbe Lunæ_; _de Iside et Osiride_;
_Ptolemy_, _Alexander_.――_Mela_, bk. 1, ch. 9.――_Apollodorus_, bk. 2,
chs. 1 & 5.――――A minister of Mausolus king of Caria. _Polyænus_,
bk. 6.――――The ancient name of the Nile. _Homer_, _Odyssey_, ♦bk. 14,
li. 258.――_Pausanias_, bk. 9, ch. 40.
♦ ‘ξ’ replaced with ‘bk. 14’
=Ægys.= _See:_ Ægy.
=Ægysthus.= _See:_ Ægisthus.
=Ælia=, the wife of Sylla. _Plutarch_, _Sulla_.――――The name of some
towns built or repaired by the emperor Adrian.
=Ælia lex=, enacted by Ælius Tubero the tribune, A.U.C. 559, to
send two colonies into the country of the Brutii. _Livy_, bk. 34,
ch. 53.――――Another A.U.C. 568, ordaining that, in public affairs,
the augurs should observe the appearance of the sky, and the
magistrates be empowered to postpone the business.――――Another called
Ælia Sexta, by _Ælius Sextus_, A.U.C. 756, which enacted, that all
slaves who bore any marks of punishment received from their masters,
or who had been imprisoned, should be set at liberty, but not rank
as Roman citizens.
=Ælia Petina=, of the family of Tubero, married Claudius Cæsar, by
whom she had a son. The emperor divorced her to marry Messalina.
_Suetonius_, _Claudius_, ch. 26.
=Æliānus Claudus=, a Roman sophist of Præneste, in the reign of Adrian.
He first taught rhetoric at Rome; but being disgusted with his
profession, he became author, and published treatises on animals in
17 books, on various history in 14 books, &c., in Greek, a language
which he preferred to Latin. In his writings he shows himself very
fond of the marvellous, and relates many stories which are often
devoid of elegance and purity of style; though Philostratus has
commended his language as superior to what could be expected from
a person who was neither born nor educated in Greece. Ælian died in
the 60th year of his age, A.D. 140. The best editions of his works
collected together are that of Conrad Gesner, folio, printed Tigurii,
1556, though now seldom to be met with, and that of Kuenius, 2 vols.,
8vo, Lipscomb, 1780. Some attribute the treatise on the tactics of
the Greeks to another Ælian.
=Ælius= and =Ælia=, a family in Rome, so poor that 16 lived in a small
house, and were maintained by the produce of a little field. Their
poverty continued till Paulus conquered Perseus king of Macedonia,
and gave his son-in-law Æl. Tubero five pounds of gold from the
booty. _Valerius Maximus_, bk. 4, ch. 4.
=Ælius Adriānus=, an African, grandfather to the emperor
Adrian.――――Gallus, a Roman knight, the first who invaded Arabia
Felix. He was very intimate with Strabo the geographer, and sailed
on the Nile with him to take a view of the country. _Pliny_, bk. 6,
ch. 28.――――Publius, one of the first questors chosen from the
plebeians at Rome. _Livy_, bk. 4, ch. 54.――――Quintus Ælius Pætus,
son of Sextus or Publius. As he sat in the senate house, a
woodpecker perched on his head; upon which a soothsayer exclaimed,
that if he preserved the bird, his house would flourish, and Rome
decay; and if he killed it, the contrary must happen. Hearing this,
Ælius, in the presence of the senate, bit off the head of the bird.
All the youths of his family were killed at Cannæ, and the Roman
arms were soon attended with success. _Valerius Maximus_, bk. 5,
ch. 6.――――Saturninus, a satirist, thrown down from the Tarpeian rock
for writing verses against Tiberius.――――Sejānus. _See:_ Sejanus.
――――Sextus Catus, censor with Marcus Cethegus. He separated the
senators from the people in the public spectacles. During his
consulship, the ambassadors of the Ætolians found him feasting in
earthen dishes, and offered him silver vessels, which he refused,
satisfied with the earthen cups, &c., which, for his virtues, he had
received from his father-in-law, Lucius Paulus, after the conquest
of Macedonia. _Pliny_, bk. 33, ch. 11.――_Cicero_, _On Oratory_,
bk. 1.――――Spartiānus, wrote the lives of the emperors Adrian,
Antoninus Pius, and Marcus Aurelius. He flourished A.D. 240.
――――Tubero, grandson of Lucius Paulus, was austere in his morals,
and a formidable enemy to the Gracchi. His grandson was accused
before Cæsar, and ably defended by Cicero. _Cicero_, _Letters to
Brutus_.――――Verus Cæsar, the name of Lucius Ceionius Commodus Verus,
after Adrian had adopted him. He was made pretor and consul by the
emperor, who was soon convinced of his incapacity in the discharge
of public duty. He killed himself by drinking an antidote; and
Antoninus, surnamed Pius, was adopted in his place. Ælius was father
to Antoninus Verus, whom Pius adopted.――――A physician mentioned by
Galen.――――Lucius Gallus, a lawyer, who wrote 12 books concerning the
signification of all law words.――――Sextus Pætus, a lawyer, consul at
Rome, A.U.C. 566. He is greatly commended by Cicero for his learning,
and called _cordatus homo_ by Ennius for his knowledge of law.
_Cicero_, _On Oratory_, bk. 1, ch. 48; _Brutus_, ch. 20.――――Stilo,
a native of Lanuvium, master to Marcus Terentius Varro, and author
of some treatises.――――Lamia. Lamia.
=Aello=, one of the Harpies (from ἑλουσα ἀλλο, _alienum tollens_,
or ἀελλα, _tempestas_). _Flaccus_, bk. 4, li. 450.――_Hesiod_,
_Theogony_, li. 267.――_Ovid_, _Metamorphoses_, bk. 13, li. 710.
――――_See:_ One of Actæon’s dogs. _Ovid_, _Metamorphoses_, bk. 3,
li. 220.
=Ælurus= (_a cat_), a deity worshipped by the Egyptians; and after
death embalmed and buried in the city of Bubastis. _Herodotus_,
bk. 2, ch. 66, &c.――_Diodorus_, bk. 1.――_Cicero_, _de Natura Deorum_,
bk. 1.――_Aulus Gellius_, bk. 20, ch. 7.――_Plutarch_, _Pyrrhus_.
=Æmathion= and =Æmathia=. _See:_ Emathion.
=Æmilia lex=, was enacted by the dictator Æmilius, A.U.C. 309. It
ordained that the censorship, which was before quinquennial, should
be limited to one year and a half. _Livy_, bk. 9, ch. 33.――――Another
in the second consulship of Æmilius Mamercus, A.U.C. 391. It gave
power to the eldest pretor to drive a nail in the capitol on the
ides of September. _Livy_, bk. 7, ch. 3.――The driving of a nail
was a superstitious ceremony, by which the Romans supposed that a
pestilence could be stopped, or an impending calamity averted.