Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis; formerly Federation of Saint
Christopher and Nevis
Type:
constitutional monarchy
Capital:
Basseterre
Administrative divisions:
14 parishs; Christ Church Nichola Town, Saint Anne Sandy Point, Saint George
Basseterre, Saint George Gingerland, Saint James Windward, Saint John
Capisterre, Saint John Figtree, Saint Mary Cayon, Saint Paul Capisterre,
Saint Paul Charlestown, Saint Peter Basseterre, Saint Thomas Lowland, Saint
Thomas Middle Island, Trinity Palmetto Point
Independence:
19 September 1983 (from UK)
Constitution:
19 September 1983
Legal system:
based on English common law
National holiday:
Independence Day, 19 September (1983)
Executive branch:
British monarch, governor general, prime minister, deputy prime minister,
Cabinet
Legislative branch:
unicameral House of Assembly
Judicial branch:
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court
Leaders:
Chief of State:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General
Sir Clement Athelston ARRINDELL (since 19 September 1983, previously
Governor General of the Associated State since NA November 1981)
Head of Government:
Prime Minister Dr. Kennedy Alphonse SIMMONDS (since 19 September 1983,
previously Premier of the Associated State since NA February 1980); Deputy
Prime Minister Michael Oliver POWELL (since NA)
Political parties and leaders:
People's Action Movement (PAM), Kennedy SIMMONDS; Saint Kitts and Nevis
Labor Party (SKNLP), Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS; Nevis Reformation Party (NRP),
Simeon DANIEL; Concerned Citizens Movement (CCM), Vance AMORY
Suffrage:
universal adult at age NA
Elections:
House of Assembly:
last held 21 March 1989 (next to be held by 21 March 1994); results -
percent of vote by party NA; seats - (14 total, 11 elected) PAM 6, SKNLP 2,
NRP 2, CCM 1
Member of:
ACP, C, CARICOM, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, IBRD, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IMF, INTERPOL,
OAS, OECS, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO
Diplomatic representation:
Minister-Counselor (Deputy Chief of Mission), Charge d'Affaires ad interim
Aubrey Eric HART; Chancery at Suite 608, 2100 M Street NW, Washington, DC
20037; telephone (202) 833-3550
US:
no official presence since the Charge resides in Saint John's (Antigua and
Barbuda)
:Saint Kitts and Nevis Government
Flag:
divided diagonally from the lower hoist side by a broad black band bearing
two white five-pointed stars; the black band is edged in yellow; the upper
triangle is green, the lower triangle is red
:Saint Kitts and Nevis Economy
Overview:
The economy has historically depended on the growing and processing of
sugarcane and on remittances from overseas workers. In recent years, tourism
and export-oriented manufacturing have assumed larger roles.
GDP:
exchange rate conversion - $146.6 million, per capita $3,650; real growth
rate 2.1% (1990)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
4.2% (1990)
Unemployment rate:
15% (1989)
Budget:
revenues $38.1 million; expenditures $68 million, including capital
expenditures of $31.5 million (1991)
Exports:
$24.6 million (f.o.b., 1990)
commodities:
sugar, clothing, electronics, postage stamps
partners:
US 53%, UK 22%, Trinidad and Tobago 5%, OECS 5% (1988)
Imports:
$103.2 million (f.o.b., 1990)
commodities:
foodstuffs, intermediate manufactures, machinery, fuels
partners:
US 36%, UK 17%, Trinidad and Tobago 6%, Canada 3%, Japan 3%, OECS 4% (1988)
External debt:
$26.4 million (1988)
Industrial production:
growth rate 11.8% (1988 est.); accounts for 17% of GDP
Electricity:
15,800 kW capacity; 45 million kWh produced, 1,117 kWh per capita (1991)
Industries:
sugar processing, tourism, cotton, salt, copra, clothing, footwear,
beverages
Agriculture:
cash crop - sugarcane; subsistence crops - rice, yams, vegetables, bananas;
fishing potential not fully exploited; most food imported
Economic aid:
US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY85-88), $10.7 million; Western (non-US)
countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $67 million
Currency:
East Caribbean dollar (plural - dollars); 1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents
Exchange rates:
East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)
Fiscal year:
calendar year
:Saint Kitts and Nevis Communications
Railroads:
58 km 0.760-meter gauge on Saint Kitts for sugarcane
Highways:
300 km total; 125 km paved, 125 km otherwise improved, 50 km unimproved
earth
Ports:
Basseterre (Saint Kitts), Charlestown (Nevis)
Civil air:
no major transport aircraft
Airports:
2 total, 2 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways over
3,659 m; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; none with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications:
good interisland VHF/UHF/SHF radio connections and international link via
Antigua and Barbuda and Saint Martin; 2,400 telephones; broadcast stations -
2 AM, no FM, 4 TV
:Saint Kitts and Nevis Defense Forces
Branches:
Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Police Force, Coast Guard
Manpower availability:
NA
Defense expenditures:
exchange rate conversion - $NA, NA% of GDP
:Saint Lucia Geography
Total area:
620 km2
Land area:
610 km2
Comparative area:
slightly less than 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
none
Coastline:
158 km
Maritime claims:
Contiguous zone:
24 nm
Exclusive economic zone:
200 nm
Territorial sea:
12 nm
Disputes:
none
Climate:
tropical, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season from January to
April, rainy season from May to August
Terrain:
volcanic and mountainous with some broad, fertile valleys
Natural resources:
forests, sandy beaches, minerals (pumice), mineral springs, geothermal
potential
Land use:
arable land 8%; permanent crops 20%; meadows and pastures 5%; forest and
woodland 13%; other 54%; includes irrigated 2%
Environment:
subject to hurricanes and volcanic activity; deforestation; soil erosion
Note:
located 700 km southeast of Puerto Rico
:Saint Lucia People
Population:
151,774 (July 1992), growth rate 1.7% (1992)
Birth rate:
26 births/1,000 population (1992)
Death rate:
5 deaths/1,000 population (1992)
Net migration rate:
-4 migrants/1,000 population (1992)
Infant mortality rate:
18 deaths/1,000 live births (1992)
Life expectancy at birth:
70 years male, 75 years female (1992)
Total fertility rate:
2.8 children born/woman (1992)
Nationality:
noun - Saint Lucian(s); adjective - Saint Lucian
Ethnic divisions:
African descent 90.3%, mixed 5.5%, East Indian 3.2%, Caucasian 0.8%
Religions:
Roman Catholic 90%, Protestant 7%, Anglican 3%
Languages:
English (official), French patois
Literacy:
67% (male 65%, female 69%) age 15 and over having ever attended school
(1980)
Labor force:
43,800; agriculture 43.4%, services 38.9%, industry and commerce 17.7% (1983
est.)
Organized labor:
20% of labor force
:Saint Lucia Government
Long-form name:
none
Type:
parliamentary democracy
Capital:
Castries
Administrative divisions:
11 quarters; Anse-la-Raye, Castries, Choiseul, Dauphin, Dennery, Gros-Islet,
Laborie, Micoud, Praslin, Soufriere, Vieux-Fort
Independence:
22 February 1979 (from UK)
Constitution:
22 February 1979
Legal system:
based on English common law
National holiday:
Independence Day, 22 February (1979)
Executive branch:
British monarch, governor general, prime minister, Cabinet
Legislative branch:
bicameral Parliament consists of an upper house or Senate and a lower house
or House of Assembly
Judicial branch:
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court
Leaders:
Chief of State:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Acting Governor
General Sir Stanislaus Anthony JAMES (since 10 October 1988)
Head of Government:
Prime Minister John George Melvin COMPTON (since 3 May 1982)
Political parties and leaders:
United Workers' Party (UWP), John COMPTON; Saint Lucia Labor Party (SLP),
Julian HUNTE; Progressive Labor Party (PLP), George ODLUM
Suffrage:
universal at age 18
Elections:
House of Assembly:
last held 6 April 1987 (next to be held by 27 April 1992); results - percent
of vote by party NA; seats - (17 total) UWP 10, SLP 7
Member of:
ACCT (associate), ACP, C, CARICOM, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU,
IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTERPOL, LORCS, NAM, OAS, OECS, UN, UNCTAD,
UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WMO
Diplomatic representation:
Ambassador Dr. Joseph Edsel EDMUNDS; Chancery at Suite 309, 2100 M Street
NW, Washington, DC 30037; telephone (202) 463-7378 or 7379; there is a Saint
Lucian Consulate General in New York
US:
no official presence since the Ambassador resides in Bridgetown (Barbados)
Flag:
blue with a gold isosceles triangle below a black arrowhead; the upper edges
of the arrowhead have a white border
:Saint Lucia Economy
Overview:
Since 1983 the economy has shown an impressive average annual growth rate of
almost 5% because of strong agricultural and tourist sectors. Saint Lucia
also possesses an expanding industrial base supported by foreign investment
in manufacturing and other activities, such as in data processing. The
economy, however, remains vulnerable because the important agricultural
sector is dominated by banana production. Saint Lucia is subject to periodic
droughts and/or tropical storms, and its protected market agreement with the
UK for bananas may end in 1992.
GDP:
exchange rate conversion - $295 million, per capita $1,930; real growth rate
4.0% (1990 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
4.2% (1990)
Unemployment rate:
16.0% (1988)
Budget:
revenues $131 million; expenditures $149 million, including capital
expenditures of $71 million (FY90 est.)
Exports:
$127 million (f.o.b., 1990 est.)
commodities:
bananas 54%, clothing 17%, cocoa, vegetables, fruits, coconut oil
partners:
UK 51%, CARICOM 20%, US 19%, other 10%
Imports:
$270 million (c.i.f., 1990)
commodities:
manufactured goods 23%, machinery and transportation equipment 27%, food and
live animals 18%, chemicals 10%, fuels 6%
partners:
US 35%, CARICOM 16%, UK 15%, Japan 7%, Canada 4%, other 23%
External debt:
$54.5 million (1989)
Industrial production:
growth rate 3.5% (1990 est.); accounts for 7% of GDP
Electricity:
32,500 kW capacity; 112 million kWh produced, 732 kWh per capita (1991)
Industries:
clothing, assembly of electronic components, beverages, corrugated boxes,
tourism, lime processing, coconut processing
Agriculture:
accounts for 16% of GDP and 43% of labor force; crops - bananas, coconuts,
vegetables, citrus fruit, root crops, cocoa; imports food for the tourist
industry
Economic aid:
Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89),
$120 million
Currency:
East Caribbean dollar (plural - dollars); 1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents
Exchange rates:
East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)
:Saint Lucia Communications
Highways:
760 km total; 500 km paved; 260 km otherwise improved
Ports:
Castries
Civil air:
no major transport aircraft
Airports:
2 total, 2 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways over
3,659 m; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 1 with runways 1,220-2,439
Telecommunications:
fully automatic telephone system; 9,500 telephones; direct microwave link
with Martinique and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; interisland
troposcatter link to Barbados; broadcast stations - 4 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV (cable)
:Saint Lucia Defense Forces
Branches:
Royal Saint Lucia Police Force, Coast Guard
Manpower availability:
NA
Defense expenditures:
exchange rate conversion - $NA, NA% of GDP
:Saint Pierre and Miquelon Geography
Total area:
242 km2
Land area:
242 km2; includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon
groups
Comparative area:
slightly less than 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
none
Coastline:
120 km
Maritime claims:
Exclusive economic zone:
200 nm
Territorial sea:
12 nm
Disputes:
focus of maritime boundary dispute between Canada and France
Climate:
cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy
Terrain:
mostly barren rock
Natural resources:
fish, deepwater ports
Land use:
arable land 13%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and pastures 0%; forest and
woodland 4%; other 83%
Environment:
vegetation scanty
Note:
located 25 km south of Newfoundland, Canada, in the North Atlantic Ocean
:Saint Pierre and Miquelon People
Population:
6,513 (July 1992), growth rate 0.4% (1992)
Birth rate:
9 births/1,000 population (1992)
Death rate:
6 deaths/1,000 population (1992)
Net migration rate:
1 migrant/1,000 population (1992)
Infant mortality rate:
10 deaths/1,000 live births (1992)
Life expectancy at birth:
75 years male, 78 years female (1992)
Total fertility rate:
1.2 children born/woman (1992)
Nationality:
noun - Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women); adjective - French
Ethnic divisions:
originally Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)
Religions:
Roman Catholic 98%
Languages:
French
Literacy:
99% (male 99%, female 99%) age 15 and over can read and write (1982)
Labor force:
2,850 (1988)
Organized labor:
Workers' Force trade union
:Saint Pierre and Miquelon Government
Long-form name:
Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Type:
territorial collectivity of France
Capital:
Saint-Pierre
Administrative divisions:
none (territorial collectivity of France)
Independence:
none (territorial collectivity of France); note - has been under French
control since 1763
Constitution:
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Legal system:
French law
National holiday:
National Day, 14 July (Taking of the Bastille)
Executive branch:
French president, commissioner of the Republic
Legislative branch:
unicameral General Council
Judicial branch:
Superior Tribunal of Appeals (Tribunal Superieur d'Appel)
Leaders:
Chief of State:
President Francois MITTERRAND (since 21 May 1981)
Head of Government:
Commissioner of the Republic Jean-Pierre MARQUIE (since February 1989);
President of the General Council Marc PLANTEGENET (since NA)
Political parties and leaders:
Socialist Party (PS); Union for French Democracy (UDF/CDS), Gerard GRIGNON
Suffrage:
universal at age 18
Elections:
General Council:
last held September-October 1988 (next to be held NA September 1994);
results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (19 total) Socialist and
other left-wing parties 13, UDF and right-wing parties 6
French President:
last held 8 May 1988 (next to be held NA May 1995); results - (second
ballot) Jacques CHIRAC 56%, Francois MITTERRAND 44%
French Senate:
last held 24 September 1989 (next to be held NA September 1992); results -
percent of vote by party NA; seats - (1 total) PS 1
French National Assembly:
last held 5 and 12 June 1988 (next to be held NA June 1993); results -
percent of vote by party NA; seats - (1 total) UDF/CDS 1; note - Saint
Pierre and Miquelon elects 1 member each to the French Senate and the French
National Assembly who are voting members
Member of:
FZ, WFTU
Diplomatic representation:
as a territorial collectivity of France, local interests are represented in
the US by France
Flag:
the flag of France is used
:Saint Pierre and Miquelon Economy
Overview:
The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by
servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The
economy has been declining, however, because the number of ships stopping at
Saint Pierre has dropped steadily over the years. In March 1989, an
agreement between France and Canada set fish quotas for Saint Pierre's
trawlers fishing in Canadian and Canadian-claimed waters for three years.
The agreement settles a longstanding dispute that had virtually brought fish
exports to a halt. The islands are heavily subsidized by France. Imports
come primarily from Canada and France.
GDP:
exchange rate conversion - $60 million, per capita $9,500; real growth rate
NA% (1991 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
NA%
Unemployment rate:
9.6% (1990)
Budget:
revenues $18.3 million; expenditures $18.3 million, including capital
expenditures of $5.5 million (1989)
Exports:
$25.5 million (f.o.b., 1990)
commodities:
fish and fish products, fox and mink pelts
partners:
US 58%, France 17%, UK 11%, Canada, Portugal
Imports:
$87.2 million (c.i.f., 1990)
commodities:
meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials
partners:
Canada, France, US, Netherlands, UK
External debt:
$NA
Industrial production:
growth rate NA%
Electricity:
10,000 kW capacity; 25 million kWh produced, 3,970 kWh per capita (1989)
Industries:
fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism
Agriculture:
vegetables, cattle, sheep and pigs for local consumption; fish catch, 20,500
metric tons (1989)
Economic aid:
Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89),
$500 million
Currency:
French franc (plural - francs); 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes
Exchange rates:
French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.6397 (March 1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453
(1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987)
Fiscal year:
calendar year
:Saint Pierre and Miquelon Communications
Highways:
120 km total; 60 km paved (1985)
Ports:
Saint Pierre
Civil air:
no major transport aircraft
Airports:
2 total, 2 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways, none with runways over
2,439 m; 1 with runway 1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications:
3,601 telephones; broadcast stations - 1 AM, 3 FM, no TV; radio
communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French
domestic satellite system
:Saint Pierre and Miquelon Defense Forces
Note:
defense is the responsibility of France
:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Geography
Total area:
340 km2
Land area:
340 km2
Comparative area:
slightly less than twice the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
none
Coastline:
84 km
Maritime claims:
Contiguous zone:
24 nm
Exclusive economic zone:
200 nm
Territorial sea:
12 nm
Disputes:
none
Climate:
tropical; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to
November)
Terrain:
volcanic, mountainous; Soufriere volcano on the island of Saint Vincent
Natural resources:
negligible
Land use:
arable land 38%; permanent crops 12%; meadows and pastures 6%; forest and
woodland 41%; other 3%; includes irrigated 3%
Environment:
subject to hurricanes; Soufriere volcano is a constant threat
Note:
some islands of the Grenadines group are administered by Grenada
:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines People
Population:
115,339 (July 1992), growth rate 1.1% (1992)
Birth rate:
23 births/1,000 population (1992)
Death rate:
5 deaths/1,000 population (1992)
Net migration rate:
-7 migrants/1,000 population (1992)
Infant mortality rate:
19 deaths/1,000 live births (1992)
Life expectancy at birth:
71 years male, 74 years female (1992)
Total fertility rate:
2.4 children born/woman (1992)
Nationality:
noun - Saint Vincentian(s) or Vincentian(s); adjectives - Saint Vincentian
or Vincentian
Ethnic divisions:
mainly of black African descent; remainder mixed, with some white, East
Indian, Carib Indian
Religions:
Anglican, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Seventh-Day Adventist
Languages:
English, some French patois
Literacy:
96% (male 96%, female 96%) age 15 and over having ever attended school
(1970)
Labor force:
67,000 (1984 est.)
Organized labor:
10% of labor force
:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Government
Long-form name:
none
Type:
constitutional monarchy
Capital:
Kingstown
Administrative divisions:
6 parishes; Charlotte, Grenadines, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George,
Saint Patrick
Independence:
27 October 1979 (from UK)
Constitution:
27 October 1979
Legal system:
based on English common law
National holiday:
Independence Day, 27 October (1979)
Executive branch:
British monarch, governor general, prime minister, Cabinet
Legislative branch:
unicameral House of Assembly
Judicial branch:
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court
Leaders:
Chief of State:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General
David JACK (since 29 September 1989)
Head of Government:
Prime Minister James F. MITCHELL (since 30 July 1984)
Political parties and leaders:
New Democratic Party (NDP), James (Son) MITCHELL; Saint Vincent Labor Party
(SVLP), Vincent BEACHE; United People's Movement (UPM), Adrian SAUNDERS;
Movement for National Unity (MNU), Ralph GONSALVES; National Reform Party
(NRP), Joel MIGUEL
Suffrage:
universal at age 18
Elections:
House of Assembly:
last held 16 May 1989 (next to be held NA July 1994); results - percent of
vote by party NA; seats - (21 total; 15 elected representatives and 6
appointed senators) NDP 15
Member of:
ACP, C, CARICOM, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IMF,
IMO, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, LORCS, OAS, OECS, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU,
WCL, WFTU, WHO
Diplomatic representation:
Ambassador Kingsley LAYNE; 1717 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Suite 102,
Washington, DC 20036; telephone NA
US:
no official presence since the Ambassador resides in Bridgetown (Barbados)
Flag:
three vertical bands of blue (hoist side), gold (double width), and green;
the gold band bears three green diamonds arranged in a V pattern
*** No entry for this item ***
:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Economy
Overview:
Agriculture, dominated by banana production, is the most important sector of
the economy. The services sector, based mostly on a growing tourist
industry, is also important. The economy continues to have a high
unemployment rate of 30% because of an overdependence on the weather-plagued
banana crop as a major export earner. Government progress toward
diversifying into new industries has been relatively unsuccessful.
GDP:
exchange rate conversion - $146 million, per capita $1,300; real growth rate
5.9% (1989)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
3.0% (1990)
Unemployment rate:
30% (1989 est.)
Budget:
revenues $62 million; expenditures $67 million, including capital
expenditures of $21 million (FY90 est.)
Exports:
$75 million (f.o.b., 1990)
commodities:
bananas, eddoes and dasheen (taro), arrowroot starch, tennis racquets, flour
partners:
UK 43%, CARICOM 37%, US 15%
Imports:
$130 million (f.o.b., 1990 est.)
commodities:
foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, chemicals and fertilizers, minerals and
fuels
partners:
US 42%, CARICOM 19%, UK 15%
External debt:
$50.9 million (1989)
Industrial production:
growth rate 0% (1989); accounts for 14% of GDP
Electricity:
16,594 kW capacity; 64 million kWh produced, 560 kWh per capita (1991)
Industries:
food processing (sugar, flour), cement, furniture, clothing, starch, sheet
metal, beverage
Agriculture:
accounts for 15% of GDP and 60% of labor force; provides bulk of exports;
products - bananas, coconuts, sweet potatoes, spices; small numbers of
cattle, sheep, hogs, goats; small fish catch used locally
Economic aid:
US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $11 million; Western (non-US)
countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $81 million
Currency:
East Caribbean dollar (plural - dollars); 1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents
Exchange rates:
East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)
Fiscal year:
calendar year (as of January 1991); previously 1 July - 30 June
:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Communications
Highways:
about 1,000 km total; 300 km paved; 400 km improved; 300 km unimproved
Ports:
Kingstown
Merchant marine:
407 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,388,427 GRT/5,511,325 DWT; includes
3 passenger, 2 passenger-cargo, 222 cargo, 22 container, 19 roll-on/roll-off
cargo, 14 refrigerated cargo, 24 petroleum tanker, 7 chemical tanker, 4
liquefied gas, 73 bulk, 13 combination bulk, 2 vehicle carrier, 1 livestock
carrier, 1 specialized tanker; note - China owns 3 ships; a flag of
convenience registry
Civil air:
no major transport aircraft
Airports:
6 total, 6 usable; 4 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways over
2,439 m; 1 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications:
islandwide fully automatic telephone system; 6,500 telephones; VHF/UHF
interisland links from Saint Vincent to Barbados and the Grenadines; new SHF
links to Grenada and Saint Lucia; broadcast stations - 2 AM, no FM, 1 TV
(cable)
:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Defense Forces
Branches:
Royal Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Police Force, Coast Guard
Manpower availability:
NA
Defense expenditures:
exchange rate conversion - $NA, NA% of GDP
:San Marino Geography
Total area:
60 km2
Land area:
60 km2
Comparative area:
about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
39 km; Italy 39 km
Coastline:
none - landlocked
Maritime claims:
none - landlocked
Disputes:
none
Climate:
Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
Terrain:
rugged mountains
Natural resources:
building stones
Land use:
arable land 17%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and pastures 0%; forest and
woodland 0%; other 83%
Environment:
dominated by the Appenines
Note:
landlocked; world's smallest republic; enclave of Italy
:San Marino People
Population:
23,404 (July 1992), growth rate 0.6% (1992)
Birth rate:
8 births/1,000 population (1992)
Death rate:
7 deaths/1,000 population (1992)
Net migration rate:
5 migrants/1,000 population (1992)
Infant mortality rate:
8 deaths/1,000 live births (1992)
Life expectancy at birth:
74 years male, 79 years female (1992)
Total fertility rate:
1.3 children born/woman (1992)
Nationality:
noun - Sanmarinese (singular and plural); adjective - Sanmarinese
Ethnic divisions:
Sanmarinese, Italian
Religions:
Roman Catholic
Languages:
Italian
Literacy:
96% (male 96%, female 95%) age 14 and over can read and write (1976)
Labor force:
about 4,300
Organized labor:
Democratic Federation of Sanmarinese Workers (affiliated with ICFTU) has
about 1,800 members; Communist-dominated General Federation of Labor, 1,400
members
:San Marino Government