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THE
DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE
OF THE
AMERICAN REVOLUTION.
VOL. X.
THE
DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE
OF THE
AMERICAN REVOLUTION;
BEING
THE LETTERS OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, SILAS DEANE, JOHN ADAMS, JOHN JAY,
ARTHUR LEE, WILLIAM LEE, RALPH IZARD, FRANCIS DANA, WILLIAM
CARMICHAEL, HENRY LAURENS, JOHN LAURENS, M. DE LAFAYETTE, M. DUMAS,
AND OTHERS, CONCERNING THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES
DURING THE WHOLE REVOLUTION;
TOGETHER WITH
THE LETTERS IN REPLY FROM THE SECRET COMMITTEE OF CONGRESS, AND THE
SECRETARY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS.
ALSO,
THE ENTIRE CORRESPONDENCE OF THE FRENCH MINISTERS, GERARD AND LUZERNE,
WITH CONGRESS.
Published under the Direction of the President of the United States,
from the original Manuscripts in the Department of State, conformably
to a Resolution of Congress, of March 27th, 1818.
EDITED
BY JARED SPARKS.
VOL. X.
BOSTON:
NATHAN HALE AND GRAY & BOWEN;
G. & C. & H. CARVILL, NEW YORK; P. THOMPSON, WASHINGTON.
1830.
Steam Power Press--W. L. Lewis' Print.
No. 6, Congress Street, Boston
CONTENTS
OF THE
TENTH VOLUME.
GENERAL LAFAYETTE'S CORRESPONDENCE.
Page.
Resolve of Congress respecting General Lafayette.
In Congress, November 23d, 1781, 5
Expressing their sense of his services, and directing the
foreign Ministers and other officers of the United States
to consult with him.
To Robert R. Livingston. Antony, near Paris,
March 30th, 1782, 7
Ministerial changes in England.
To Robert R. Livingston. St Germain, June 25th,
1782, 8
Composition, character, and policy of the Shelburne
Ministry.--Defeat of Count de Grasse.--Siege of Gibraltar.
Robert R. Livingston to M. de Lafayette. Philadelphia,
September 18th, 1782, 15
The Count de Segur.--Character of the British Ministry.
Robert R. Livingston to M. de Lafayette. Philadelphia,
November 2d, 1782, 16
Political and military state of America.
To the President of Congress. Brest, December
3d, 1782, 19
Is about to embark on a voyage in the service of America.
Robert R. Livingston to M. de Lafayette. Philadelphia,
January 10th, 1783, 20
Discontents in the army on account of the want of
money.--Regrets the departure of the French troops.
To William Carmichael, at Madrid. Cadiz, January
20th, 1783, 22
America ought to treat with Spain only on an equal
footing.
To Robert R. Livingston. Cadiz, February 5th,
1783, 24
Objects of his voyage.--Mr Carmichael desires his presence
at Madrid.--Disposition of Spain.--Southern
boundaries.--Recommends Mr Harrison to be Consul at Cadiz.
To the President of Congress. Cadiz, February
5th, 1783, 28
Congratulations on the peace.--Desires the annexation of
Canada to the United States.--His presence required in
Madrid.
To the Count de Florida Blanca. Madrid, February
19th, 1783, 30
Submitting to his revision the results of previous
conferences on American affairs.
Count de Florida Blanca to M. de Lafayette.
Pardo, February 22d, 1783, 32
Acknowledges the correctness of the statements contained
in the preceding letter.--The King is disposed to settle
the affair of the boundaries amicably.
To the Count de Florida Blanca. Madrid, February
22d, 1783, 33
The Spanish Minister explains his sentiments concerning
the boundary.
To Robert R. Livingston. Bordeaux, March 2d,
1783, 33
Interviews with the Count de Florida Blanca.--The Spanish
Court fears the effect of the American revolution on its
Colonies.--Conferences with the other Spanish
Ministers.--Disposition of the Spanish Court towards the
United States.--Urges the necessity of strengthening the
union.
Robert R. Livingston to M. de Lafayette. Philadelphia,
May 1st, 1783, 38
Acknowledges the importance of his correspondence, and his
services in Europe in the cause of America.--Proceedings
in America in consequence of the ratification of the
Provisional Articles.
To the President of Congress. Chavaniac, in the
Province of Auvergne, July 20th, 1783, 40
Russia is determined on a Turkish war.--Endeavors
to obtain L'Orient and Marseilles as free ports.
To the President of Congress. Nantes, September
7th, 1783, 42
Applies to the French Ministry and the American
Commissioners on the subject of American debts.--Commerce
between France and America.--Warlike preparations in the
East.--Necessity of conciliating the army and cementing
the union.--Will return to America as soon as his presence
in Europe ceases to be useful.
To the President of Congress. Paris, December
26th, 1783, 45
Changes in the British Ministry.--Affairs in the East.
To John Jay, Secretary of Foreign Affairs. Mount
Vernon, November 25th, 1784, 46
Regrets the publication of certain papers relating to the
Indian treaty.
To John Jay. Versailles, February 8th, 1785, 48
Affairs of Europe.
To John Jay. Paris, March 19th, 1785, 50
Urges the surrender of New Orleans to America, or the
declaration of it as a free port.--European
affairs.--Opposition of the mercantile interest to a
liberal commercial policy.
To John Jay. Paris, May 11th, 1785, 51
European affairs.--Endeavors to obtain privileges for the
American trade in France.--Intends to visit the south of
France and Germany.
To John Jay. Vienna, September 6th, 1785, 52
Calls the attention of Congress to the Memorial of M.
d'Argaynarat.
To John Jay. Paris, February 11th, 1786, 53
Sentiments of the German Courts concerning America.--The
stability of democratical forms of government, and of the
union of the States distrusted in Europe.--European
affairs.
To John Jay. Paris, October 28th, 1786, 57
Expresses his astonishment that M. Gardoqui should raise
any doubts respecting the adoption of the English limits
in America.--The navigation of the Mississippi must be
enjoyed by the United States.--The appointment of the
convention has a good effect in Europe.--Recommends a
confederacy of America and the powers of southern Europe
against the Barbary States.
To John Jay. Paris, February 7th, 1787, 59
European affairs.--The disturbances in New England excite
distrust in Europe.
To John Jay. Paris, May 3d, 1787, 60
Proceedings of the notables in France.--The interest of
the American debt unpaid.--Hopes from the convention at
Philadelphia.--Character of Brienne.
To John Jay. Paris, October 15th, 1787, 63
State of affairs in Europe.--Effects of a maritime war on
America.--The present time favorable for obtaining the
restoration of the forts and the navigation of the
Mississippi.
THE CORRESPONDENCE OF THE COMMISSIONERS
FOR NEGOTIATING A PEACE
WITH GREAT BRITAIN.
Commission to treat of Peace, 71
Commission to accept the mediation of the Empress
of Russia and the Emperor of Germany, 73
Instructions to the Commissioners for Peace. In
Congress, June 15th, 1781, 75
The King's warrant for Richard Oswald's first Commission
for negotiating Peace, 76
Richard Oswald's second Commission for negotiating
Peace, 80
Commission to William T. Franklin, 83
From Benjamin Franklin and John Jay, appointing him
Secretary to the Commissioners.
Resolutions of Congress. In Congress, October 3d,
1782, 86
Declaring their intention to adhere to their alliance with
France, and to prosecute the war till the conclusion of a
general peace, and their entire confidence in the support
of France.
Articles agreed on between the American and British
Commissioners. October 8th, 1782, 88
Richard Oswald to the Commissioners. Paris, November
4th, 1782, 92
Insisting on the restoration of the property confiscated
for attachment to the British cause, and on a general
amnesty.
Articles taken to England by Mr Strachey. November
5th, 1782, 94
H. Strachey to the Commissioners. Paris, November
5th, 1782, 98
Urging the indemnification of the refugees as
indispensable to peace.
To Richard Oswald. Paris, November 5th, 1782, 99
Restitution of the estates of the refugees is
impossible.--Indemnification can only be granted on
condition of retribution to American citizens for the
destruction of their property during the war.--The amnesty
cannot be extended any further.
To H. Strachey. Paris, November 6th, 1782, 101
Enclosing the preceding letter.
Third set of Articles. November 25th, 1782, 101
Article proposed and read to the Commissioners,
before signing the Preliminary Articles, 106
Demanding compensation for all the private property seized
or destroyed during the war.--FACTS in regard to this
subject.
To M. de Lafayette. Paris, November 28th, 1782, 108
Approve of his return to America.
Provisional Articles of Peace, 109
To Francis Dana at Petersburg. Paris, December
12th, 1782, 116
Informing him of the signing of the Provisional Articles,
and advising the communication of his mission.
To Robert R. Livingston. Paris, December 14th,
1782, 117
Enclosing a copy of the preliminaries of peace, with
remarks on some of the articles.
Resolution of Congress respecting Commercial
Stipulations. In Congress, December 31st, 1782, 121
Instructing the Commissioners to stipulate for a direct
commerce between the British dominions and the United
States.
English Commissioners' Declaration of the Cessation
of Hostilities. Paris, January 20th, 1783, 121
Signature of the above Declaration by the American
Commissioners, 123
British King's Proclamation, Declaring a Cessation
of Arms, 124
Alleyne Fitzherbert to the Commissioners. Paris,
February 18th, 1783, 126
Enclosing passports for American vessels and the preceding
proclamation.
American Commissioners' Declaration of the Cessation
of Hostilities, 127
Robert R. Livingston to the Commissioners.
Philadelphia, March 25th, 1783, 129
General satisfaction with the Preliminary
Articles.--Remarks on the 5th Article.--Regrets the
signing of the treaty without communication with the
French Court, and the concealing of the Separate Article.
Proclamation of Congress, Declaring a Cessation of Arms, 133
Robert R. Livingston to the Commissioners. Philadelphia,
April 21st, 1783, 136
Proceedings in Congress relative to the ratification of
the Provisional Articles.--Points out some ambiguities in
the Articles.
Mr Grand to the Commissioners. Paris, May 10th,
1783, 139
Enclosing a statement of sums for which he is responsible
on behalf of the United States.--Difficulty of meeting the
payment.
M. de Lafayette to the Commissioners. Paris,
May 12th, 1783, 141
Is requested by the Count de Vergennes to inquire if the
Commissioners will conclude the treaty under the mediation
of Austria and Russia.
David Hartley's Commission, 142
An Order of the British Council. At the Court of
St James, May 14th, 1783, 144
Authorising the importation of unmanufactured articles
from the United States, and allowing the same privileges
on merchandise exported into the United States, as upon
those exported to the foreign dominions of Great Britain.
Count de Vergennes' Proposed New Articles, 146
Interpreting the 2d and 3d Articles of the treaty of
commerce of 1778, so as to place the two powers mutually
on the footing of the most favored nation.
To Mr Grand. Paris, May 22d, 1783, 147
Regret that they cannot relieve his difficulties.
Robert R. Livingston to the Commissioners. Philadelphia,
May 28th, 1783, 148
Violation of the Articles of the Provisional Treaty, by
the British General sending off slaves.--Complains of want
of information from the Commissioners.
Robert R. Livingston to the Commissioners. Philadelphia,
May 31st, 1783, 149
Propositions from Holland.--Congress will be averse to
engagements that may involve them in European
quarrels.--Dissatisfaction with the 5th and 6th
Preliminary Articles.
John Adams's Proposed Agreement. June, 1783, 151
John Jay's Proposed Agreement. June, 1783, 153
David Hartley's Proposed Agreement. June, 1783, 154
Report of a Committee of Congress, 155
On the proposition of Holland, that America should accede
to the treaty of the armed neutrality and conclude a
similar treaty with the other belligerents.--Congress came
to the resolution, to instruct the Commissioners not to
enter into any engagement, which should bind the
contracting parties to support it by arms.
David Hartley to the Commissioners. Paris, June
14th, 1783, 158
The British Court desires a sincere reconciliation of the
two countries.--It is not an exact literal reciprocity
that is desirable, but a substantial reciprocity.--The old
British policy cannot easily be abandoned at once.--A
temporary convention between the two powers would tend to
remove the difficulties in the way of an entire
reconciliation and reciprocity.
David Hartley's Memorial to the Commissioners, 165
On the proposed reciprocity of intercourse between Great
Britain and America.--Circumstances which must prevent a
permanent connexion between America and France; Spain; the
Italian powers; the Northern powers; Holland.--Great
Britain and America must be connected in friendly or
hostile relations.
The President of Congress to the Commissioners.
Philadelphia, June 16th, 1783, 172
Transmitting papers in consequence of Mr Livingston's
resignation.
Henry Laurens to the Commissioners. London,
June 17th, 1783, 173
Interview with Mr Fox.--Symptoms of coldness.
The President of Congress to B. Franklin. Philadelphia,
June 18th, 1783, 174
Thanks him for medals.--The Americans are irritated by the
British holding New York and sending away negroes.
Henry Laurens to the Commissioners. London,
June 20th, 1783, 176
Coolness of the Ministry.
To the Count de Vergennes. Passy, June 28th,
1783, 177
Desiring assistance to meet the bills drawn by Mr Morris.
Propositions made by the Commissioners to David
Hartley for the Definitive Treaty, 178
David Hartley's Six Propositions for a Definitive
Treaty. June, 1783, 182
The Commissioners' Answers to Mr Hartley's Six
Propositions, 183
To David Hartley. Passy, July 17th, 1783, 185
Communicate the ratification of the Provisional Articles
by Congress.--Complain of the violation of the articles
by the British commander in America.--Propose that no
executions shall be issued against British debtors in
America under a delay of three years.
To Robert R. Livingston. Passy, July 18th, 1783, 187
Defence of their conduct in regard to the Separate
Article.--Reasons for framing the article, and for
withholding the communication of it to France and
Spain.--Explanations of the alleged ambiguities in the
other articles.
To Robert R. Livingston. Paris, July 27th, 1783, 193
State of the negotiations.
Project for a Definitive Treaty of Peace, 195
Ratification of the Provisional Articles by Great Britain, 206
An Act of the British Parliament, repealing certain Acts
prohibiting Intercourse with the United States, 207
David Hartley to the Commissioners. Paris, August
29th, 1783, 209
Desiring them to fix the day for signing the Definitive
Treaty.--His instructions confine him to Paris.
To David Hartley. Passy, August 30th, 1783, 209
Appointing a time for signing the treaty.
David Hartley to the Commissioners. Paris, September
4th, 1783, 210
Congratulates them on the signing of the
treaty.--Assures them of the sincere wish of the British
Court for an entire reconciliation.
B. Franklin to Charles Fox. Passy, September
5th, 1783, 211
Expressing his satisfaction with Mr Hartley.
To David Hartley. Passy, September 5th, 1783, 212
Desire a return of cordiality between the two
countries.--Some of the proposed stipulations are not
within their instructions.
To David Harley. Passy, September 7th, 1783, 213
Transmitting a resolve of Congress, ordering the issuing
of a commission to negotiate a treaty of commerce.
To the President of Congress. Passy, September
10th, 1783, 214
Recommending Mr Thaxter.--Account of their negotiations
subsequent to the signing of the Provisional
Articles.--The articles relating to the tories.--Injurious
impressions made in Europe by the popular assemblies in
America.--Recommends the appointment of a Minister to
Great Britain.--Connexions with other powers.--Necessity
of a common national policy in the States.
From Congress to the Commissioners. October
29th, 1783, 222
Instructing them to express to the Emperor the desire of
Congress to enter into a treaty of amity and commerce with
him; to meet the advances of other European powers on the
basis of perfect equality and reciprocity; to demand
satisfaction of the Danish Court for the seizure of
American prizes in Danish ports; to report to Congress
information as to the expedition of Commodore Jones; to
take no further steps for the admission of the United
States into the confederacy of the neutral powers; to
hasten the conclusion of the Definitive Treaty; to
negotiate an explanation of a paragraph in the Declaration
of the cessation of hostilities.--Authorising Mr Jay to
call Mr Carmichael to Paris for the purpose of adjusting
their accounts.--Giving Mr Jay leave to go to Bath.
Ratification of the Definitive Treaty by Congress, 226
Proclamation of Congress respecting the Definitive
Treaty, 226
Accompanied by Resolutions recommending the adoption of
measures by the States for the restitution of confiscated
property of British subjects.
Ratification of the Definitive Treaty by Great
Britain, 229
CONRAD ALEXANDER GERARD'S CORRESPONDENCE.
Letter from the King of France to Congress, 235
Letter of credence for M. Gerard, in the character of
Minister of France to the United States.
Appointment of Consul-General of France in the
United States, 236
The King of France to Congress, 238
Letter of credence for Count d'Estaing.
Count d'Estaing to the President of Congress. At
Sea, July 8th, 1778, 239
Communicating his credentials and his readiness to
co-operate with General Washington.--M. Gerard.
Resolves of Congress respecting the Count d'Estaing's
Letter, and the reception of M. Gerard.
In Congress, July 11th, 1778, 241
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, July
14th, 1778, 243
Offering the protection of Count d'Estaing's squadron to
the armed vessels of the United States.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, July
14th, 1778, 244
Requesting Congress to make provision for the English
prisoners on board the French squadron.
Ceremonial of admitting the French Minister to
Congress. In Congress, July 20th, 1778, 245
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, November
9th, 1778, 251
Requesting Congress to take measures for the sailing of
vessels with supplies for the French forces.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, November
20th, 1778, 253
Informing Congress, that it is not usual to publish
treaties until the ratifications have been exchanged.
Notes of M. Gerard to Congress. Philadelphia,
December 2d, 1778, 253
Method of rendering acts in America valid in France.--Plan
for discharging the debt due to Hortalez & Co. by
furnishing the French forces in America with provisions at
the expense of the United States.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, December
6th, 1778, 254
Intends to encourage the capture of ships loaded with
ship-timber by privateers.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, December
7th, 1778, 255
Requesting to be informed if the United States have
reserved the liberty of treating separately with England.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, December
14th, 1778, 257
On the purchase of flour and rice for the French fleet.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, January
4th, 1779, 258
The articles furnished by Beaumarchais were sold to him by
the government, who is, therefore, a creditor of the
United States.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, January
5th, 1779, 260
Complaining of certain assertions in the newspapers, which
imply that France had assisted America previous to the
alliance.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, January
10th, 1779, 262
Urging an answer of Congress to the representations of the
preceding letter.--Answer of Congress disproving the
passages referred to.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, January
14th, 1779, 263
Acknowledging the answer of Congress abovementioned.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, January
15th, 1779, 264
Relative to the sentiments of Congress concerning certain
French officers.
Messrs Duportail, La Radiere, and Laumoy to M.
Gerard. Philadelphia, January 15th, 1779, 265
Consenting to remain in the service of the United States.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, February
3d, 1779, 267
Supply of provisions for the French fleet in the Gulf of
Mexico.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, February
8th, 1779, 267
Requesting to be admitted to an audience by Congress.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, February
9th, 1779, 268
The King of France grants a new supply of seven hundred
and fifty thousand livres.--The articles furnished by
Beaumarchais were not a present from France.--The French
Court cannot answer for the house of Hortalez & Co.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, February
9th, 1779, 269
The King of Spain has determined to adopt decisive
measures.--Advises the nomination of agents to conduct the
negotiations for peace.--Conference of M. Gerard with
Congress.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, March
14th, 1779, 272
Relative to means of regulating the rate of exchange.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, March
16th, 1779, 272
Requesting facilities for transporting French prisoners.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, March
17th, 1779, 273
Urging the measures for conducting the negotiations for
peace.--The delay of this measure creates suspicions of
divisions in Congress.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, March
31st, 1779, 275
Intention of returning to France.--Urges the sending out
of Ministers with full powers to treat.
To the President of Congress. Mount Pleasant,
April 6th, 1779, 276
Communicating extracts of letters from Martinique.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, April
24th, 1779, 279
Respecting the capture of two Spanish vessels by American
privateers, and their condemnation.--Memorial of Don Juan
de Miralles to M. Gerard on this subject.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, May
3d, 1779, 283
Urging Congress to adopt measures for taking part in the
negotiations for peace.
To the President of Congress. May 4th, 1779, 284
Communicating a note of the King of France.
From the King of France to Congress, 284
Informing them of the birth of a Princess.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, May
6th, 1779, 285
Urging measures for entering into the negotiations.--The
British government intend to push the war with
vigor.--Further grant of supplies.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, May
9th, 1779, 287
Count d'Estaing will appear on the American coasts in
compliance with the wishes of Congress.--Desires that
supplies may be in readiness on the arrival of the fleet.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, May
9th, 1779, 289
On the proposed co-operation of Count d'Estaing.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, May
19th, 1779, 290
Communicating the succeeding Memorial on the Spanish
vessels brought into port by American privateers.--Reply
of Congress, promising reparation in case of injustice.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, May
22d, 1779, 294
Objects of the alliance between France and the United
States.--Consequent measures of the French
government.--Extent of the engagements of
France.--Necessity of speedy measures on the part of
Congress for participating in the negotiations for peace.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, May
24th, 1779, 299
Expressing his satisfaction with the arrangements of
Congress for levying supplies by a tax.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, May
25th, 1779, 301
Acknowledges the reception of resolutions of Congress,
expressing their determination to retaliate for cruelties
committed by the English on French subjects in America, in
the same manner as if committed on citizens of the States.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, May
27th, 1779, 302
Importance of a speedy decision of Congress in regard to
the negotiations for peace, for securing the favor of
Spain, and for facilitating the co-operation of the French
forces in America.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, June
21st, 1779, 305
Proposing the adoption of measures for maintaining the
immunity of the French flag in the United States.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, July
5th, 1779, 306
Relative to the loading and destination of a French supply
ship.--Frauds committed in exporting provisions for the
French fleet.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, July
5th, 1779, 309
Requesting that protection may be given to the provisions
purchased for the French forces.--Desires to know if a
sufficient supply can be obtained in the States.
Report of a Committee respecting a Conference
with the Minister of France. In Congress, July
10th, 1779, 312
Containing seven articles read by the Minister, with his
verbal explanations on each article, relating to the
claims of Beaumarchais, the disavowal by Congress of any
disposition to conclude a separate peace, the appointment
of a Minister Plenipotentiary to France, the want of
preparation for the approaching campaign on the part of
the States, the desire of the English Court to be
reconciled with France without an express acknowledgment
of American independence, &c.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, July
26th, 1779, 323
Returning thanks for the permission to expedite the supply
ship, and requesting an examination into the pretended
frauds, practised with regard to the ships employed in
carrying provisions to the French fleet.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, July
26th, 1779, 324
Requesting that the provisions destined for the French
fleet may remain in the public magazines.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, July
26th, 1779, 324
Demanding satisfaction for the attacks made on M. Holker,
French Consul, and requesting the adoption of measures for
protecting the officers of France from future insults.
M. Gerard to the President of the State of Pennsylvania.
Philadelphia, July 26th, 1779, 327
M. Holker to Joseph Reed, President of Pennsylvania.
Philadelphia, July 24th, 1779, 331
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, July
28th, 1779, 334
Enclosing certain papers relative to M. Holker, viz.;
Joseph Reed to M. Holker. Philadelphia, July
24th, 1779, 335
Joseph Reed to William Henry, Chairman of the
Committee. Walnut Street, July 23d, 1779, 337
William Henry to Joseph Reed. Friday Afternoon,
5 o'clock, Committee Room, 338
M. Holker to M. Gerard. Philadelphia, July 29th,
1779, 339
Transmitting papers relative to the affair of the flour at
Wilmington.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, July
30th, 1779, 340
Transmitting papers relative to M. Holker.
Resolves of Congress. In Congress, July 30th,
1779, 341
Resolves, assuring the protection of the United States to
the officers of his Most Christian Majesty, approving the
conduct of M. Holker, &c.
The President of Pennsylvania to M. Gerard. In
Council, Philadelphia, July 31st, 1779, 342
Expressing regret that any disagreeable discussions should
have taken place, and informing him that the flour is now
at the disposition of M. Holker.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, August
5th, 1779, 344
Acknowledging the reception of certain resolutions of
Congress.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, August
5th, 1779, 345
Expressing his satisfaction with the resolutions of
Congress on the affair of M. Holker, and requesting that
no prosecutions may be commenced against the offenders.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, August
11th, 1779, 346
Failure of the attempt to procure military stores at
Martinique.
The Marquis de Bouille to M. Gerard. Martinique,
July 11th, 1779, 347
Unable to furnish any supplies for the United States.
Resolution of Congress. In Congress, August
23d, 1779, 348
Resolution, appointing a committee to offer
congratulations on the birth-day of his Most Christian
Majesty.
M. Gerard to the Committee of Congress. Philadelphia,
August 23d, 1779, 348
Acknowledging the reception of the foregoing resolution.
The Count de Vergennes to M. Gerard, 349
Spain joins the alliance.--The English Court will attempt
to separate America from the alliance by advantageous
offers.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, September
15th, 1779, 350
Appointment of Mr Wilson Attorney General for France in
the United States.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, September
15th, 1779, 350
Requesting an audience of leave.
M. Gerard's Speech on taking leave of Congress, 351
Reply of the President of Congress to M. Gerard's
Speech on his taking leave, 352
Congress to the King of France, 354
Expressing their approbation of M. Gerard's conduct and
character.
Proceedings of Congress. In Congress, September
25th, 1779, 355
Draft of a letter to M. Gerard, reported by a committee,
expressing the inviolable attachment of the United States
to their allies.--Letter as adopted by Congress.
CAESAR ANNE DE LA LUZERNE'S CORRESPONDENCE.
Substance of a Conference between M. de la Luzerne
and General Washington at Head Quarters,
West Point. September 16th, 1779, 361
Relative to a co-operation with a proposed expedition of
Count d'Estaing to the American coasts, and also with the
Spanish expedition against the Floridas.--Project of an
invasion of Canada and Nova Scotia.
Reception of the French Minister by Congress. In
Congress, November 17th, 1779, 367
Containing his letter of credence, his speech to Congress,
and their answer.
Don Juan Miralles to M. de la Luzerne. Philadelphia,
November 25th, 1779, 373
Desiring the co-operation of the United States with the
Spanish forces in the Floridas, and against the English
possessions northeast of Louisiana.--Requests to be
informed what kind of supplies may be expected from the
States.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, November
26th, 1779, 376
Communicating the foregoing letter.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, December
6th, 1779, 377
Requesting instructions as to the disposition of certain
property captured by American seamen.
The President of Congress to M. de la Luzerne.
In Congress, December 16th, 1779, 378
Plan of co-operation with the Spanish forces in Florida.
M. Holker to M. de la Luzerne. Philadelphia,
January 10th, 1780, 380
Representing the injurious effects of a law of Maryland on
his measures for supplying the French forces.
William Smith to M. Holker. Baltimore, January
7th, 1780, 382
The supplies intended for the French forces will be seized
by the American Commissioners.
The President of the Council of Maryland to William
Smith. In Council, Annapolis, January 6th,
1780, 383
The supplies purchased for the French fleet cannot be
exempted from seizure for the American army.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, January
10th, 1780, 384
Urging the adoption of measures for securing the supplies
raised for the French forces from liability to seizure.
To George Washington. Philadelphia, January
23d, 1780, 386
The English government are unable to raise soldiers, and
intend to obtain them by an exchange of prisoners in
America.--In case of exchange, advantage may be taken to
obtain a virtual acknowledgment of independence.
Extract of a Memorial communicated by the Ambassador
of England to the Court of Madrid, on
the 28th of March, 1779, 389
Ultimatum proposed by the Court of Madrid to the
Courts of France and England, dated 3d of
April, 1779, 390
Extract from the Exposition of the Motives of the
Court of Spain relative to England, 392
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, January
24th, 1780, 393
Announcing the appointment of a French Consul for North
Carolina.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, January
25th, 1780, 394
Preparations for another campaign by the European
belligerents.--Necessity of similar preparations on the
part of America.--Desires to concert a plan of common
operations.
Report of a Committee on the Communications of
the French Minister. In Congress, January
28th, 1780, 395
The French Minister informs Congress, that great exertions
are making in Europe by England, to persuade the other
powers that America may be detached from France; that her
negotiations may result in an armed mediation, to which it
would be necessary to submit; that in this case, it would
be probably necessary to leave Great Britain whatever
territories in America were actually in her hand; he,
therefore, urges the necessity of pushing the approaching
campaign with vigor.
Answer of Congress to the Communications of the
French Minister. In Congress, January 31st,
1780, 399
Forces and plans of Congress for the approaching
campaign.--The general disposition in the United States is
to adhere to the alliance.
Communications of the French Minister to a Committee
of Congress at a second Conference. In
Congress, February 2d, 1780, 402
Communicating the views of the Spanish Court on the
Western boundary, the exclusive navigation of the
Mississippi, the possession of the Floridas, and the lands
on the left bank of the Mississippi.
George Washington to M. de la Luzerne. Head
Quarters, Morristown, February 4th, 1780, 404
The small number of British prisoners will, probably,
prevent any important concessions for the sake of
effecting an exchange.
George Washington to M. de la Luzerne. Head
Quarters, Morristown, February 15th, 1780, 406
Declines granting a detachment requested of him, on
account of the feebleness of his forces.--A covering
party, if necessary, may be furnished by the militia.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia,
March 8th, 1780, 408
M. Gerard obtains facilities for fitting out the
Confederation in Martinique, but has no materials for
masts.
The King of France to Congress, 409
Communicating an additional grant of aid.
George Washington to M. de la Luzerne. Morristown,
May 5th, 1780, 410
Expressing his esteem for M. de la Luzerne, and his
satisfaction with his approbation of the state of the
army.
George Washington to M. de la Luzerne. Morristown,
May 11th, 1780, 411
Expresses his pleasure at the arrival of M. de Lafayette.
George Washington to M. de la Luzerne. Head
Quarters, Morristown, May 14th, 1780, 412
French fleet in the West Indies.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, May
16th, 1780, 412
His Majesty intends to send out a reinforcement.--Desires
the concurrence of Congress in combining a plan of
operations.--Requests information as to the forces,
resources, and posts of the enemy.--Additional supplies
obtained by Dr Franklin.--Favorable situation of affairs.
To George Washington. Philadelphia, May 21st,
1780, 415
Operations of the approaching campaign.
Report of a Committee of Congress on a Conference
with the French Minister. In Congress,
May 24th, 1780, 416
Plan for raising supplies.--Propose the establishment of
posts from Boston to Charleston to facilitate
communication.--Recommend the preparation of a
reinforcement to the French fleet, and the adoption of
measures to prevent desertions from the same.
George Washington to M. de la Luzerne. Morristown,
June 5th, 1780, 419
The French troops will be cordially received.--Desires to
maintain a correspondence with him.
Report of a Committee of Congress respecting
Communications from the French Minister. In
Congress, June 5th, 1780, 420
Raising of supplies for the French troops.--Mode of paying
them.
Report of a Committee of Congress respecting a
Conference with the French Minister. In Congress,
June 7th, 1780, 423
Raising of supplies for the French forces.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, June
18th, 1780, 425
Urging the completion of the American army.--Forces
necessary for an effective co-operation.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, June
28th, 1780, 427
Desiring permission for the supplying of the Spanish
forces with provisions.
Congress to the Minister of France. In Congress,
July 7th, 1780, 428
Supplies for the Spanish forces.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, July
22d, 1780, 429
Arrival of part of the French forces destined to act in
America.--The other part separated for security.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, July
25th, 1780, 430
Requesting that the American vessels of war may join the
French squadron.
Joseph Reed to M. de la Luzerne. In Council,
Philadelphia, July 25th, 1780, 431
The Hessian deserters are at liberty to enter the French
service, if desired.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, July
26th, 1780, 432
Desiring arrangements to be made for the subsistence of
the Hessian recruits.
George Washington to M. de la Luzerne. Head
Quarters, July 27th, 1780, 433
Plan of a junction of the French fleets.--Rumored project
of an attack on the French forces by General Clinton.
To George Washington. Philadelphia, July 30th,
1780, 434
Relative to certain proposed naval operations.
George Washington to M. de la Luzerne. Peekskill,
August 4th, 1780, 434
Project of junction of the two divisions of the French
forces.
George Washington to M. de la Luzerne. Peekskill,
August 6th, 1780, 436
Relative to the employment of American frigates to aid in
the junction of the French forces.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, August
15th, 1780, 437
Readiness of the French government to co-operate with the
American forces against the common enemy.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, August
15th, 1780, 438
Case of a citizen of Bermuda.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, September
1st, 1780, 439
Improbable that certain bills of exchange drawn on Dr
Franklin will be accepted.
George Washington to M. de la Luzerne. Head
Quarters, Bergen County, September 12th,
1780, 440
Projected naval operations.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, September
15th, 1780, 441
Desires the publication of the treaty for the purpose of
settling difficulties arising as to the 11th and 12th
Articles.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, September
16th, 1780, 442
Announcing the appointment of M. de Marbois as _Charge
d'Affaires_ during his absence.
M. de Marbois to the President of Congress. Philadelphia,
October 8th, 1780, 443
Acknowledging the reception of certain resolutions of
Congress.
M. de Marbois to the President of Congress. Philadelphia,
October 27th, 1780, 443
Requesting a convoy for store ships.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, November
1st, 1780, 444
Suggesting changes in the mode of authenticating ships'
papers.
From Congress to the King of France, 445
Unprosperous state of things.--Retrospect of
events.--Praying for assistance in raising a loan.
To George Washington. Philadelphia, December
5th, 1780, 449
Expected arrival of clothing for the army.--Spanish
operations.
George Washington to M. de la Luzerne. New
Windsor, December 14th, 1780, 451
Forwards his despatches for Rhode Island.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, January
15th, 1781, 452
American prizes carried into French ports will be judged
in the same manner as those of subjects.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, February
25th, 1781, 452
Arrival of a French squadron in the Chesapeake.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, February
28th, 1781, 453
Authorises Mr Morris to draw bills of exchange.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, March
2d, 1781, 454
The French squadron sails from the Chesapeake.
M. Destouches to M. de la Luzerne. On Board
the Duc de Bourgogne, March 19th, 1781, 455
Engagement between a French and English squadron.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, March
24th, 1781, 457
Supplies granted by France.--Proposes Congress should
furnish the French forces with provisions, receiving in
payment bills on the Treasury of France.
To George Washington. Philadelphia, March 27th,
1781, 460
Failure of the expedition of M. Destouches.
George Washington to M. de la Luzerne. Head
Quarters, New Windsor, March 31st, 1781, 461
Return of M. Destouches to Newport.--Good conduct of the
expedition.
To George Washington. Philadelphia, May 7th,
1781, 462
Forwarding proposals of an expedition to M. Destouches.
To M. Destouches. Philadelphia, May 7th, 1781, 463
Dangerous situation of Virginia and Maryland.--Proposes an
expedition into the Chesapeake for their relief.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, May
9th, 1781, 465
Abuse of intercepted ships' papers by the
English.--Proposes the adoption of measures of prevention.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, May
22d, 1781, 466
Transmitting the King's letter.
The King of France to Congress, 466
Granting further assistance.
George Washington to M. de la Luzerne. Weathersfield,
May 23d, 1781, 467
Intended attack on New York.--Urges the presence of the
French West India fleet in the American seas.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, May
25th, 1781, 469
The expected reinforcements of the French forces have not
been despatched.--Pecuniary grant of the French
government.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, May
26th, 1781, 472
Offered mediation of Austria and Russia between the
belligerents.--France declines accepting the offer without
the consent of the United States.--Urges the appointment
of Plenipotentiaries to take part in the proposed
negotiations.
Report of a Conference with the French Minister.
In Congress, May 28th, 1781, 475
The French Ministry considers the mission of Mr Dana to St
Petersburg premature.--Desires that Mr Adams may be
restricted by instructions.--English agent at
Madrid.--Spain and France decline the mediation, but will
accept it finally.--Desires to know the sentiments of
America.--Advises moderation in the demands of the United
States.
Congress to the King of France, 483
Returning thanks for supplies.--Their opinion as to the
mediation will be communicated through their Minister.
To George Washington. Philadelphia, June 1st,
1781, 484
Regrets the delay of the reinforcements from
France.--Promises to propose his plan of operations to the
Count de Grasse.
George Washington to M. de la Luzerne. Head
Quarters, New Windsor, June 13th, 1781, 486
Desires that a body of land forces may accompany the Count
de Grasse's squadron.
Report of a Conference with the French Minister.
In Congress, June 18th, 1781, 487
Communications of the Minister relative to losses of
French subjects in America.--Proceedings of the armed
neutrality.--Violation of its principles by American
privateers.--Mr Cumberland's negotiations in
Spain.--Supplies.--Mediation of the Imperial
powers.--Situation of affairs in Europe obliges France to
maintain a considerable force.--State of affairs in
Holland.--Amount of the pecuniary aid granted by France.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, July
1st, 1781, 493
Leaves M. de Marbois _Charge d'Affaires_ during his visit
to the American army.
M. de Marbois to the President of Congress. Philadelphia,
July 9th, 1781, 494
The French naval commander desires permission to recruit
his forces by the impressment of French seamen.
M. de Marbois to the Secretary of Congress. Philadelphia,
July 11th, 1781, 495
On the appointment of Mr McKean to the Presidency.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, July
20th, 1781, 495
Desires to communicate despatches from his Court to
Congress.
Report of Communications from the French Minister.
In Congress, July 23d, 1781, 496
Causes of the delay of the intended reinforcement of the
French arms in America.--The relations of Holland and
England render a connexion between that country and
America probable.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, July
26th, 1781, 498
Communication of a draft of a convention relative to the
establishment of Consuls by France and America.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, August
23d, 1781, 499
Desires the recognition of the French Consul for New
England, regularly appointed.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, September
6th, 1781, 500
Desires the passing of acts authorising the French Consul
for New England to exercise his official functions.
THE
CORRESPONDENCE
OF
GEN. LAFAYETTE;
ON THE FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE UNITED STATES.
Although the services of GENERAL LAFAYETTE to the United States were
rendered chiefly in the military line, yet he contributed very
essentially by his efforts, and the weight of his personal character,
to promote the interests of our foreign relations. When he left the
United States at the close of the year 1781, Congress instructed the
American Ministers abroad to consult him on the public affairs of the
United States. His correspondence with Congress, now to be published,
will show how effectually he executed his trust in this respect, and
how deeply and constantly he watched over the interests of his adopted
country, long after his return to Europe. These letters are a
testimony not more of his patriotism, love of liberty, the warmth of
his affections, and the fulness of his gratitude, than of his close
observation, correct opinions, and enlarged views on political
affairs.
THE CORRESPONDENCE OF GENERAL LAFAYETTE.
* * * * *
RESOLVE OF CONGRESS RESPECTING GENERAL LAFAYETTE.
In Congress, November 23d, 1781.
On the report of a Committee, consisting of Mr Carroll, Mr Madison,
and Mr Cornell, to whom was referred a letter of the 22d, from
Major-General the Marquis de Lafayette,
_Resolved_, That Major-General the Marquis de Lafayette, have
permission to go to France; and that he return at such time as shall
be most convenient to him.
That he be informed, that on a review of his conduct throughout the
past campaign, and particularly during the period in which he had the
chief command in Virginia, the many new proofs, which present
themselves of his zealous attachment to the cause he has espoused, and
of his judgment, vigilance, gallantry, and address in its defence,
have greatly added to the high opinion entertained by Congress of his
merits and military talents.
That he make known to the officers and troops whom he commanded during
that period, that the brave and enterprising services with which they
seconded his zeal and efforts, and which enabled him to defeat the
attempts of an enemy far superior in numbers, have been beheld by
Congress with particular satisfaction and approbation.
That the Secretary of Foreign Affairs acquaint the Ministers
Plenipotentiary of the United States, that it is the desire of
Congress that they should confer with the Marquis de Lafayette, and
avail themselves of his information relative to the situation of
public affairs in the United States.
That the Secretary of Foreign Affairs further acquaint the Minister
Plenipotentiary at the Court of Versailles, that he will conform to
the intention of Congress by consulting with, and employing the
assistance of the Marquis de Lafayette, in accelerating the supplies,
which may be afforded by his Most Christian Majesty for the use of the
United States.
That the Superintendent of Finance, the Secretary for Foreign Affairs,
and the Board of War, make such communication to the Marquis de
Lafayette, touching the affairs of their respective departments, as
will best enable him to fulfil the purpose of the two resolutions
immediately preceding.
That the Superintendent of Finance take order for discharging the
engagement entered into by the Marquis de Lafayette with the merchants
of Baltimore referred to in the act of the 24th of May last.