8481 ss.
Footnote 326:
See below, Lecture VII, p. 178.
Footnote 327:
Bücheler, _Carm. epigr._, 1233.
Footnote 328:
Kaibel, _Epigr. Graeca_, 324.
Footnote 329:
Haussoullier, _Revue de philologie_, XXIII, 1909, p. 6; see above,
Lecture III, p. 105.
Footnote 330:
Bücheler, _Carm. epigr._, 569: “Vitaeque e limine raptus.... Non tamen
ad Manes sed caeli ad sidera pergis.” _Cf._ _ibid._, 569, 611.
Footnote 331:
See Lecture III, p. 99.
Footnote 332:
Rohde, _Psyche_, II^4, p. 374, n. 2; Lawson, _Modern Greek folk-lore_,
1910 p. 140 ss.; _cf._ Dessau, 8748.
Footnote 333:
Bücheler, _Carm. epigr._, 1233; _cf._ Statius, _Silv._, II, 6, 100.
Footnote 334:
Kaibel, _Epigr. Graeca_, 570, 571; _cf._ CIL, VI, 29195 = Dessau,
8482: “Ulpius Firmus, anima bona superis reddita, raptus a Nymphis.”
Footnote 335:
_Cf._ Anderson, _Journ. hell. stud._, XIX, 1899, p. 127, n^r, 142, and
below, note 42.
Footnote 336:
Cagnat, _Inscr. Gr. ad res Rom. pertin._, IV, 1377.
Footnote 337:
Kaibel, _Epigr. Graeca_, 314.
Footnote 338:
Bücheler, _Carm. epigr._, 1439; _cf._ 1400:
“Vos equidem nati caelestia regna videtis
Quos rapuit parvos praecipitata dies.”
Footnote 339:
Cabrol et Leclercq, _Reliquiae liturgicae vetustissimae_, I, 1912,
n^r, 2917; _cf._ 2974; 3153.
Footnote 340:
Menander’s verse, “Ὃν οἱ θεοὶ φιλοῦσιν ἀποθνήσκει νέος,” is indeed
translated into Latin in a Roman epitaph (Dessau, 8481).
Footnote 341:
In Greek, βιοθάνατος is a popular form for βιαιοθάνατος. In Latin
_biaeothanatus_ is found only in Tertull., _De Anima_, 57,
_biothanatus_ everywhere else.
Footnote 342:
_Aen._, VI, 477 ss.
Footnote 343:
Horace, _Od._, III, 2, 21; _cf._ Introd., p. 13; Lecture IV, p. 113.
Footnote 344:
Joseph., _Bell. Iud._, VI, 5, § 47.
Footnote 345:
Servius, _Aen._, XII, 603.
Footnote 346:
Pliny, _N. H._, II, 63, § 156.
Footnote 347:
Dessau, _Inscr. sel._, 7846: “Extra auctorateis et quei sibei [la]queo
manu attulissent et quei quaestum spurcum professi essent.”
Footnote 348:
_Ibid._, 7212, II, 5.
Footnote 349:
Plut., _Cato_, 68.
Footnote 350:
_Cf._ _Revue des études grecques_, XXXII, 1921, p. 113 ss.
Footnote 351:
Sen., _Controv._, VIII, 4, end.
Footnote 352:
See above, Lecture I, p. 64 ss.
Footnote 353:
Theophanes, _Chronicon_, p. 437, 3 ss., De Boor.
Footnote 354:
Commodianus, I, 14, 8.
Footnote 355:
Du Cange, _Glossarium_, s. v.
Footnote 356:
Lawson, _Modern Greek folk-lore_, 1910, p. 408 ss.
Footnote 357:
See above, Lecture II, p. 74.
Footnote 358:
Transl. Harrison, _Prolegomena to the study of Greek religion_, 1903,
p. 660.
Footnote 359:
Thulin, _Etruskische Disciplin_, III, 1909, p. 58 ss.
Footnote 360:
Xenoph., _Memorab._, II, 1, 21; _cf._ Hesiod, _Op. et dies_, 287 ss.
Footnote 361:
Brinkmann, _Rheinisches Museum_, LXVI, 1911, p. 622 ss.
Footnote 362:
See below, Lecture VIII, p. 205.
Footnote 363:
See Lecture II, p. 76.
Footnote 364:
Cic., _Tusc._, I, 30, 72.
Footnote 365:
See above, Lecture III, p. 82.
Footnote 366:
See above, Lecture III, p. 94.
Footnote 367:
_Cf._ _Comptes rendus Acad. Inscr._, 1920, p. 277.
Footnote 368:
Lactantius, _Inst._, VI, 3 s.
Footnote 369:
Polyaen., VII, 22.
Footnote 370:
See Lecture III, p. 107; _Monum. mystères de Mithra_, I, p. 118 s.;
II, p. 525.
Footnote 371:
Philo, _De somniis_, I, 22; Origen, _Contra Celsum_, VI, 21.
Footnote 372:
Charles R. Morey, _East Christian paintings in the Freer collection_,
New York, 1914, p. 17 ss.
Footnote 373:
Ladder among other magical emblems on terra cotta discs found at
Taranto; _cf._ _Revue archéologique_, V, 1917, p. 102.
Footnote 374:
See above, Lecture III, p. 93.
Footnote 375:
_Ibid._, p. 96.
Footnote 376:
_Cf._ _Revue de philologie_, XLIV, 1920, p. 75.
Footnote 377:
_Cf._ Joseph Keil, _Jahresh. Instituts Wien_, XVII, 1914, pp. 138,
142, n. 13; Bormann, _Bericht des Vereins Carnuntum_, 1908–1911, p.
330, where _Itala felix_ applies not to the ship but to the dead
woman.
Footnote 378:
For instance, Dessau, _Inscr. sel._, 8031.
Footnote 379:
_Cf._ my _Études syriennes_, 1917, p. 99, n. 1. So on the beautiful
chariot of Monteleone in the Metropolitan Museum of New York (sixth
century B. C.).
Footnote 380:
_Cf._ my _Études syriennes_, p. 91 s.
Footnote 381:
_Ibid._, p. 92, fig. 41.
Footnote 382:
_Ibid._, p. 94, fig. 42; _cf._ below, p. 165.
Footnote 383:
_Cf._ _ibid._, p. 95 s.
Footnote 384:
II _Reg._, 2, 11.
Footnote 385:
Kornemann, _Klio_, VII, p. 278; _cf._ _Études syriennes_, p. 98, n. 3.
Footnote 386:
Eunap., _Hist._, fr. 26 (F. H. G. IV, 25; _cf._ _Études syriennes_, p.
104).
Footnote 387:
See above, Lecture III, p. 102.
Footnote 388:
Weichert, _Der Seelenvogel in der alten Literatur und Kunst_, Leipzig,
1902; see above, Lecture III, p. 93.
Footnote 389:
_Études syriennes_, p. 38 ss.
Footnote 390:
_Phaedr._, p. 246 C.
Footnote 391:
_Anth. Pal._, VII, 62 = Diog. Laert., III, 44; _cf._ _Études
syriennes_, p. 88:
Αἰετέ τίπτε βέβηκας ὑπὲρ τάφον; ἢ τίνος, εἰπέ,
ἀστεροέντα θεῶν οἶκον ἀποσκοπέεις;—
Ψυχῆς εἰμὶ Πλάτωνος ἀποπταμένης εἰς Ὄλυμπον
εἰκών· σῶμα δὲ γῆ γηγενὲς Ἀτθὶς ἔχει.
Footnote 392:
_Cf._ _Études syriennes_, p. 57 ss.
Footnote 393:
_Études syriennes_, 1917, p. 87, fig. 39.
Footnote 394:
See Introd., p. 28.
Footnote 395:
See Lecture III, p. 100.
Footnote 396:
_Études syriennes_, p. 106 s.; _cf._ Lecture III, p. 101.
Footnote 397:
See Lecture I, p. 59.
Footnote 398:
Diog. Laert., VIII, 1, 27.
Footnote 399:
Jul., _Or._, V, p. 172 C.
Footnote 400:
Cic., _Tusc._, I, 42 ss.; Sextus Empir., _Adv. Math._, IX, 71, 4;
_cf._ above, Introd., p. 29.
Footnote 401:
Winds and souls, see below, Lecture VII, p. 185.
Footnote 402:
See below, Lecture VII, p. 186; _cf._ Lecture II, p. 81.
Footnote 403:
See Introd., p. 29; _cf._ Lecture VII, p. 185.
Footnote 404:
See below, Lecture VII, p. 185.
Footnote 405:
See above, Lecture III, p. 93, and p. 96 s.
Footnote 406:
Dieterich, _Eine Mithrasliturgie_^2, 1910.
Footnote 407:
Plato, _Phaedo_, p. 107 D, 108 B.
Footnote 408:
Kaibel, _Epigr. Graeca_, 650 = _Inscr. Sic. Ital._, 2461.
Footnote 409:
Haussoullier, _Revue de philologie_, XXIII, 1909, p. 6; _cf._ Lecture
III, p. 105.
Footnote 410:
See above, Lecture IV, p. 112.
Footnote 411:
_Cf._ Rohde, _Psyche_, II^4, p. 376 s.
Footnote 412:
See above, Lecture I, p. 45 ss., 59 ss.
Footnote 413:
_Cf._ Cic., _Tusc._, I, 16, 37.
Footnote 414:
See below, Lecture VIII, p. 199 ss.
Footnote 415:
Lucretius, I, 124: “Simulacra modis pallentia miris.”
Footnote 416:
See, for instance, above, p. 156.
Footnote 417:
_Cf._ Proclus, _In Rempubl._, I, p. 290, 10 ss., Kroll.
Footnote 418:
On this _katoptromanteia_, _cf._ _Revue archéologique_, V, 1917, p.
105 ss.; Ganschinietz in _Realencycl._, s. v.
Footnote 419:
See above, Lecture V, p. 130.
Footnote 420:
See above, Lecture II, p. 79.
Footnote 421:
_Cf._ _Revue de philologie_, XLIV, 1920, p. 237 ss.
Footnote 422:
See Lecture III, p. 103.
Footnote 423:
_Cf._ Lecture III, p. 107.
Footnote 424:
Plato, _Phaedr._, 247 B; _cf._ _Phaedo_, p. 113 D.
Footnote 425:
_Timaeus_, p. 41 D E.
Footnote 426:
See above, Lecture III, p. 106 s., and Introd., p. 41; _cf._ p. 24.
Footnote 427:
_Odyssey_, XI, 576 s.
Footnote 428:
_Cf._ Rohde, _Psyche_, I^4, p. 61 ss.
Footnote 429:
_Cf._ Plut., _De superst._, 7, p. 168 D.
Footnote 430:
_Cf._ above, Lecture II, p. 75.
Footnote 431:
_Cf._ Dieterich, _Nekyia_, p. 206 ss.
Footnote 432:
Plut., _De sera num. vind._, p. 567 B.
Footnote 433:
Dieterich, _Nekyia_, 1893 (2^d ed. 1913).
Footnote 434:
Even the devout Plutarch rejects them as superstitious imaginations;
_cf._ _De superst._, 167 A.
Footnote 435:
_Aen._, VI, 625–628.
Footnote 436:
Dieterich, _op. cit._, p. 197 ss.
Footnote 437:
Punishment by fire is mentioned for the first time in Philodemos, Περὶ
θεῶν, XIX, 16 ss. Philodemos being a Syrian, it is not unlikely that
this tenet is of Oriental origin. _Cf._ Diels, _Abhandl. Akad.
Berlin_, 1916, p. 80, n. 3.
Footnote 438:
See above, Introd., pp. 8, 17 s., and Lecture II, p. 83.
Footnote 439:
Herodotus, II, 123.
Footnote 440:
The Druses have even preserved the ancient doctrine that the number of
souls is always the same in the world. _Cf._ Silvestre de Sacy,
_Religion des Druses_, 1838, II, p. 459.
Footnote 441:
Dussaud, _Les Nosaïris_, Paris, 1900, p. 120 ss.
Footnote 442:
See above, Lecture III, p. 101.
Footnote 443:
_Cf._ Lucian, _Alex._, 43.
Footnote 444:
Hermes Trismeg. ap. Stob., _Ecl._, I, 49, p. 398, 16 ss., Wachsmuth.
Footnote 445:
Tim. Locr., p. 104 E.
Footnote 446:
Ps.-Plut., _Vita Homeri_, 126; Porph. ap. Stob., _Ecl._, I, 49, 60, p.
445, Wachsmuth.
Footnote 447:
See above, p. 176.
Footnote 448:
See above, Lecture II, p. 78.
Footnote 449:
_Cf._ _Revue de philologie_, XLIV, 1921, p. 232 ss.
Footnote 450:
Above, Introd., p. 13.
Footnote 451:
Museum of the University of California; Kaibel, _Inscr. Sicil. et
Ital._, 12, 1196. The sentence is taken from _Republ._, X, 617 C.
Footnote 452:
Porph., _De regressu anim._, fr. 11, Bidez = Aug., _Civ. Dei_, X, 30;
Jamblich. ap. Nemes., _De nat. hom._, 2; _cf._ Zeller, _Philos. Gr._,
V^4, p. 713.
Footnote 453:
“Has omnes, ubi mille rotam volvere per annos,
Lethaeum ad fluvium deus evocat agmine magno,
Scilicet immemores super ut convexa revisant,
Rursus et incipiant in corpore velle reverti.”
_Aen._, VI, 749–753.
Footnote 454:
See above, Lecture VI, p. 162, and Introd., p. 29.
Footnote 455:
_Études syriennes_, p. 70.
Footnote 456:
See Lecture VI, p. 161; _cf._ below, Lecture VIII, p. 196.
Footnote 457:
Virg., _Aen._, VI, 740 ss.
Footnote 458:
Plut., _De facie lunae_, p. 943 B.
Footnote 459:
Ps. Apul., _Asclep._, 28.
Footnote 460:
_Jahresh. Institut Wien_, XII, 1910, p. 213.
Footnote 461:
See above, Lecture III, p. 107.
Footnote 462:
Macrob., _Comm. Somn. Scip._, I, 11, 8; Proclus, _In Tim._, II, 48, 15
ss., Diehl.
Footnote 463:
Lecture II, p. 87 ss.
Footnote 464:
See Lecture I, p. 64 ss.
Footnote 465:
Tibullus, II, 6, 30: “Sic bene sub tenera parva quiescat humo.”
Footnote 466:
Tertull., _De testimonio animae_, 4.
Footnote 467:
_Securitati aeternae_; _cf._ Dessau, _Inscr. sel._, 8025 ss., 8149.
Footnote 468:
Cic., _Catil._, IV, 7; _cf._ _Tusc._, I, 11, 25; 49, 118.
Footnote 469:
Sen., _Dial._, VI, 19, 5.
Footnote 470:
Dessau, _Inscr. sel._, 8024 and note; _cf._ Cic., _Tusc._, I, 41, 97;
and Introd., p. 10.
Footnote 471:
Bücheler, _Carm. epigr._, 1274:
“Morborum vitia et vitae mala maxima fugi.
Nunc careo poenis, pace fruor placida.”
Footnote 472:
Bücheler, _ibid._, 573:
“Qui post tantum onus, multos crebrosque labores
Nunc silet et tacito contentus sede quiescit.”
Footnote 473:
Bücheler, _ibid._, 507: “Poena fuit vita, requies mihi morte parata
est.”
Footnote 474:
Transl. by J. C. Anderson (in my _Astrology and Religion_, p. 171).
Footnote 475:
Dessau, _Inscr. sel._, 8393, 79: “Te di Manes tui ut quietam patiantur
atque ita tueantur opto.”
Footnote 476:
See above, Lecture I, p. 68; II, p. 86, n. 39; V, p. 134.
Footnote 477:
See above, Lecture VI, p. 143.
Footnote 478:
Virg., _Aen._, VI, 705: “Domos placidas.”
Footnote 479:
See Introd., p. 34 ss.
Footnote 480:
_Comptes rendus Acad. Inscr._, 1912, p. 151 ss.; _cf._ Bücheler,
_Carm. epigr._, 513.
Footnote 481:
Lecture III, p. 95.
Footnote 482:
Lecture VI, p. 150.
Footnote 483:
_Odyssey_, VI, 42 ss.
Footnote 484:
Lucretius, III, 18 ss.
Footnote 485:
Zeno, fr. 147 (von Arnim, _Fragm. Stoicorum_, I, p. 40): “Zeno docuit
sedes piorum ab impiis esse discretas et illos quidem quietas ac
delectabiles habitare regiones.”
Footnote 486:
See Introd., p. 25; Lecture III, p. 96.
Footnote 487:
Macrob., _Somn. Scip._, I, 11, 6: “Vitae mortisque confinium.”
Footnote 488:
See above, Lecture II, p. 81 s.
Footnote 489:
See Lecture VII, p. 185 s.
Footnote 490:
Sen., _Consol. Marc._, 24, 5: “(Animus) nititur illo unde demissus
est; ibi illum aeterna requies manet e confusis crassisque pura et
liquida visentem.”
Footnote 491:
Plotin., IX, 8, 9, p. 768 A; IX, 8, 11, p. 770 C.
Footnote 492:
_Cf._ Aug., _Serm._, CCLX (P.L. XXXVIII, 1132, 38): “Dixerunt
Platonici ... animas, ire ad superna caelorum et requiescere ibi in
stellis et luminibus istis conspicuis.”
Footnote 493:
Lecture I, p. 45 ss.
Footnote 494:
_Ibid._, p. 69.
Footnote 495:
St. Ambrose, _De bono mortis_, 9; _cf._ Kaibel, _Inscr. Sic. It._,
2117.
Footnote 496:
Aug., _De anima_, II, 12.
Footnote 497:
_Book of Enoch_, 39.
Footnote 498:
IV _Esdr._, VII, 91: “Requiescent per septem ordines”; _cf._ VII, 95
(p. 131 ss., Violet).
Footnote 499:
IV _Esdr._, VII, 36, 38 (p. 146, Violet).
Footnote 500:
Ambrose, _De bono mortis_, 12, § 53 (P.L., XIV, 154); _cf._ IV
_Esdr._, VII, 39.
Footnote 501:
See Lecture I, p. 50.
Footnote 502:
See Lecture I, p. 54.
Footnote 503:
_Ibid._, p. 57.
Footnote 504:
Calder, _Journal of Roman Studies_, 1912, p. 254.
Footnote 505:
See above, Lecture I, p. 55 ss.
Footnote 506:
See Introd., p. 35; Lecture IV, p. 126.
Footnote 507:
Lucian, _Verae hist._, II, 14.
Footnote 508:
Best reproduction, Wilpert, _Pitture delle Catacombe Romane_, II,
132–133.
Footnote 509:
See above, Introd., pp. 35, 37.
Footnote 510:
Aelius Arist., XLV (VIII), 27 (p. 360, Keil).
Footnote 511:
See my _Oriental Religions_, Chap. IV, end.
Footnote 512:
See Lecture IV, p. 122; Introd., p. 34.
Footnote 513:
CIL, III, 14165.
Footnote 514:
See Lecture I, p. 68; II, p. 86; V, p. 134.
Footnote 515:
Bücheler, _Carm. epigr._, 1317 = CIL, VI, 142; _cf._ Plato, _Phaedo_,
p. 107D.
Footnote 516:
As it is elsewhere; _cf._ Introd., p. 11.
Footnote 517:
Lagrange, _Religions sémitiques_^2, 1905, p. 493.
Footnote 518:
Horace, _Od._, III, 3, 12.
Footnote 519:
Lecture IV, p. 113 s., 116 ss.
Footnote 520:
See, for instance, Kaibel, _Epigr. Graeca_, 312, 13.
Footnote 521:
Julian, _Caesares_, p. 307 C; _cf._ Introd., p. 29; Lecture III, p.
98.
Footnote 522:
_Patrologia Orientalis_, I, p. 1014.
Footnote 523:
See above, Lecture I, p. 55 s.
Footnote 524:
Lecture IV, p. 121.
Footnote 525:
For instance, by the physician Thessalus (under Nero); _cf._ _Cat.
codd. astrol._, VIII, 3, p. 137; VIII, 4, p. 257.
Footnote 526:
_Cf._ Lecture IV, pp. 121, 125 s.
Footnote 527:
See above, Lecture IV, p. 126.
Footnote 528:
P. 896 C; _cf._ p. 992 B.
Footnote 529:
See above, Lecture IV, p. 126.
Footnote 530:
The true interpretation has been given by Bevan, _Stoics and
Sceptics_, 1913, p. 112 s.
Footnote 531:
_Georg._, II, 489 ss.:
“Felix qui potuit rerum cognoscere causas,
Atque metus omnis et inexorabile Fatum
Subiecit pedibus, strepitumque Acherontis avari.”
Footnote 532:
Νηφάλιος μέθη, Philo., probably after Posidonius.
Footnote 533:
_Cf._ Lecture IV, p. 126.
Footnote 534:
_Anthol. Palatina_, IX, 577:
Οἶδ’ ὅτι θνατὸς ἐγὼ καὶ ἐφάμερος, ἀλλ’ ὅταν ἄστρων
μαστεύω πυκινὰς ἀμφιδρομους ἕλικας
οὐκετ’ ἐπιψαύω γαίης ποσὶν, ἀλλὰ παρ’ αὐτῷ
Ζανὶ θεοτρεφέος πίμπλαμαι ἀμβροσίης.
Footnote 535:
See Introd., p. 4.
Footnote 536:
See Lecture III, p. 108.
Footnote 537:
Μόνος πρὸς μόνῳ. The expression had been used by religion before being
taken over by philosophy. _Cf._ _Le culte égyptien et le mysticisme de
Plotin_, in _Monuments Piot_, XXV, 1922, p. 78 ss.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES
1. P. 137, changed ἄνώνυμοι to ἀνώνυμοι.
2. P. 137, changed ἄτρόφοι to ἄτροφοι.
3. P. 225, changed Ἁγιάζο to Ἁγιάζω.
4. P. 225, changed εἴς to εἰς.
5. [391], changed ἀποσκοπεεις to ἀποσκοπέεις.
6. [534], changed Οῖδ’ to Οἶδ’.
7. [534], changed ἀμφιδρομους ἓλικας to ἀμφιδρόμους ἕλικας.
8. Silently corrected typographical errors and variations in spelling.
9. Archaic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings retained as printed.
10. Footnotes were re-indexed using numbers and collected together at
the end of the last chapter.
11. Enclosed italics font in _underscores_.
12. Superscripts are denoted by a caret before a single superscript
character, e.g. M^r.