128. =Middle toe= is the central of three toes directed forwards.

129. =Hind toe= (_Hallux_). The single toe directed backwards.

This is homologically the first or great toe directed backward. It

is

130. =Insistent= (_insistens_), when the tip at least touches the

ground, but the base raised above the level of the rest;

131. =Incumbent= (_incumbens_), when its whole under surface

touches the ground; and

132. =Elevated= (_elevatus_; _amotus_), when raised so high that

the tip does not touch the ground at all.

133. =Unarmed toe= (_Digitus muticus_). Toe without a claw. The

tarsus is unarmed when without a spur.

134. =Fringed toe= (_Digitus lomatinus_). A lateral membranous

margin to the toes. This

A History of North American Birds; Land Birds; Vol. 3 of 3 · 第 314 / 607 题