August 2006 > Google Books, the worldwide Google program for books

The program resumed in August 2006 under the new name of Google Books.

Google Books has provided the full text of public domain books, and has

offered excerpts for copyrighted books. As of December 2008, Google had

24 library partners, including a Swiss one (University Library of

Lausanne), a French one (Lyon Municipal Library), a Belgian one (Ghent

University Library), a German one (Bavarian State Library), two Spanish

ones (National Library of Catalonia and University Complutense of

Madrid), and a Japanese one (Keio University Library). The U.S. partner

libraries were, by alphabetical order: Columbia University, Committee

on Institutional Cooperation (CIC), Cornell University Library, Harvard

University, New York Public Library, Oxford University, Princeton

University, Stanford University, University of California, University

of Michigan, University of Texas at Austin, University of Virginia, and

University of Wisconsin-Madison.

August 2006 > The Open Content Alliance, a universal public digital

library

The Open Content Alliance (OCA) was launched in August 2006 to build a

world public permanent archive of multilingual digitized text and

multimedia content. The project started in October 2005 as a group of

cultural, technology, non profit, and governmental organizations

gathering around the Internet Archive to digitize public domain books

around the world. The first 100,000 ebooks were available in December

2006 in the Text Archive of the Internet Archive, with 12,000 new

ebooks posted per month. Unlike Google Books, the Open Content Alliance

(OCA) has made them searchable through any web search engine, and has

not scanned copyrighted books, except when the copyright holder has

expressly given permission. The first contributors to OCA were the

University of California, the University of Toronto, the European

Archive, the National Archives in United Kingdom, O'Reilly Media, and

the Prelinger Archives. One million ebooks in December 2008 and two

million ebooks in March 2010 were available under OCA principles in the

Internet Archive.

August 2006 > A version of the union catalog WorldCat for free on the

web

In August 2006, WorldCat, the union catalog run by OCLC (Online

Computer Library Center), began migrating to the web through the beta

version of its new website worldcat.org. OCLC was created as early as

1971 as a non-profit organization dedicated to furthering access to the

world's information while reducing information costs. In 2005, WorldCat

had 61 million bibliographic records in 400 languages, provided by

9,000 member libraries in 112 countries. In 2006, 73 million

bibliographic records were linking to one billion documents available

in these libraries. Through the current WorldCat, member libraries have

now provided free access to their catalogs, and free or paid access to

their electronic resources: books, audiobooks, abstracts and full-text

articles, photos, music CDs, and videos. In April 2010, WorldCat

provided records linking to 1,5 billion documents.

Booknology: The eBook (1971-2010) · 第 81 / 92 题