HABITS, inheritance of, ii. 395.
HAECKEL, on cells, ii. 370;
on the double reproduction of medusae, ii. 384;
on inheritance, ii. 397.
HACKLES, peculiarities of, in fowls, i. 254.
HAIR, on the face, inheritance of, in man, ii. 4;
peculiar lock of, inherited, ii. 5;
growth of, under stimulation of skin, ii. 326;
homologous variation of, ii. 325;
development of, within the ears and in the brain, ii. 391.
HAIR and teeth, correlation of, ii. 326-328.
HAIRY family, corresponding period of inheritance in, ii. 77.
HALF-CASTES, character of, ii. 46.
HALF-LOP rabbits, figured and described, i. 107-108;
skull of, i. 119.
_Haliaetus leucocephalus_, copulating in captivity, ii. 154.
HALLAM, Col., on a two-legged race of pigs, ii. 4.
HAMBURGH fowl, i. 227, 261;
figured, i. 228.
HAMILTON, wild cattle of, i. 84.
HAMILTON, Dr., on the assumption of male plumage by the hen pheasant, ii.
51.
HAMILTON, F. Buchanan, on the shaddock, i. 335;
varieties of Indian cultivated plants, ii. 256.
HANCOCK, Mr., sterility of tamed birds, ii. 155-157.
HANDWRITING, inheritance of peculiarities in, ii. 6.
HANMER, Sir J., on selection of flower seeds, ii. 204.
HANSELL, Mr., inheritance of dark yolks in duck's eggs, i. 281.
HARCOURT, E. V., on the Arab boar-hound, i. 17;
aversion of the Arabs to dun-coloured horses, i. 55.
HARDY, Mr., effect of excess of nourishment on plants, ii. 257.
HARE, hybrids of, with rabbit, i. 105;
sterility of the, in confinement, ii. 152;
preference of, for particular plants, ii. 232.
HARE-LIP, inheritance of, ii. 24.
HARLAN, Dr., on hereditary diseases, ii. 7.
HARMER, Mr., on the number of eggs in a codfish, ii. 379.
HARVEY, Mr., monstrous red and white African bull, i. 91.
HARVEY, Prof., singular form of _Begonia frigida_, i. 365-366;
effects of cross-breeding on the female, i. 404;
monstrous saxifrage, ii. 166.
HASORA wheat, i. 313.
HAUTBOIS strawberry, i. 353.
HAWKER, Col., on call or decoy ducks, i. 281.
HAWTHORN, varieties of, i. 360-364;
pyramidal, i. 361;
pendulous hybridised, ii. 18;
changes of, by age, i. 364, 387;
bud-variation in the, i. 377;
flower buds of, attacked by bullfinches, ii. 232.
HAYES, Dr., character of Esquimaux dogs, i. 21-22.
HAYWOOD, W., on the feral rabbits of Porto Santo, i. 114.
HAZEL, purple-leaved, i. 362, 395, ii. 330.
HEAD of wild boar and Yorkshire pig, figured, i. 72.
{456}
HEAD and limbs, correlated variability of, ii. 323.
HEADACHE, inheritance of, ii. 79.
HEARTSEASE, i. 368-369;
change produced in the, by transplantation, i. 386;
reversion in, ii. 31, 47;
effects of selection on, ii. 200;
scorching of, ii. 229;
effects of seasonal conditions on the, ii. 274;
annual varieties of the, ii. 305.
HEAT, effect of, upon the fleece of sheep, i. 98.
HEBER, Bishop, on the breeding of the rhinoceros in captivity, ii. 150.
HEBRIDES, cattle of the, i. 80;
pigeons of the, i. 183.
HEER, O., on the plants of the Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 309, ii. 215,
427;
on the cereals, i. 317-319;
on the peas, i. 326;
on the vine growing in Italy in the bronze age, i. 332.
_Helix lactea_, ii. 280.
_Hemerocallis fulva_ and _flava_, interchanging by bud-variation, i. 386.
HEMLOCK yields no conicine in Scotland, ii. 274.
HEMP, differences of, in various parts of India, ii. 165;
climatal difference in products of, ii. 274.
HEMPSEED, effect of, upon the colour of birds, ii. 280.
HERMAPHRODITE flowers, occurrence of, in Maize, i. 321.
HEN, assumption of male characters by the, ii. 51, 54;
development of spurs in the, ii. 318.
"HENNIES," or hen-like male fowls, i. 252.
HENRY, T. A., a variety of the ash produced by grafting, i. 394;
crossing of species of _Rhododendron_ and _Arabis_, i. 400.
HENSLOW, Prof., individual variation in wheat, i. 314;
bud-variation in the Austrian bramble rose, i. 381;
partial reproduction of the weeping ash by seed, ii. 19.
HEPATICA, changed by transplantation, i. 386.
HERBERT, Dr., variations of _Viola grandiflora_, i. 368;
bud-variation in camellias, i. 377;
seedlings from reverted _Cytisus Adami_, i. 388;
crosses of Swedish and other turnips, ii. 93;
on hollyhocks, ii. 107;
breeding of hybrids, ii. 131;
self-impotence in hybrid hippeastrums, ii. 138-139;
hybrid _Gladiolus_, ii. 139;
on _Zephyranthes candida_, ii. 164;
fertility of the crocus, ii. 165;
on contabescence, ii. 165;
hybrid _Rhododendron_, ii. 265.
HERCULANEUM, figure of a pig found in, i. 67.
HERON, Sir R., appearance of "black-shouldered" among ordinary peacocks,
i. 290-291;
non-inheritance of monstrous characters by goldfish, i. 296;
crossing of white and coloured Angora rabbits, ii. 92;
crosses of solid-hoofed pigs, ii. 93.
_Herpestes fasciatus_ and _griseus_, ii. 151.
HEUSINGER, on the sheep of the Tarentino, ii. 227;
on correlated constitutional peculiarities, ii. 337.
HEWITT, Mr., reversion in bantam cocks, i. 240;
degeneration of silk fowls, i. 243;
partial sterility of hen-like male fowls, i. 252;
production of tailed chickens by rumpless fowls, i. 259;
on taming and rearing wild ducks, i. 278-279, ii. 233, 262-263;
conditions of inheritance in laced Sebright bantams, ii. 22;
reversion in rumpless fowls, ii. 31;
reversion in fowls by age, ii. 39;
hybrids of pheasant and fowl, ii. 45, 68;
assumption of male characters by female pheasants, ii. 51;
development of latent characters in a barren bantam hen, ii. 54;
mongrels from the silk-fowl, ii. 67;
effects of close interbreeding on fowls, ii. 124-125;
on feathered-legged bantams, ii. 323.
HIBBERT, Mr., on the pigs of the Shetland Islands, i. 70.
HIGHLAND cattle, descended from _Bos longifrons_, i. 81.
HILDEBRAND, Dr., on the fertilisation of _Orchideae_, i. 402-403;
occasional necessary crossing of plants, ii. 90;
on _Primula sinensis_ and _Oxalis rosea_, ii. 132;
on _Corydalis cava_, ii. 132-133.
HILL, R., on the Alco, i. 31;
feral rabbits in Jamaica, i. 112;
feral peacocks in Jamaica, i. 190;
variation of the Guinea fowl in Jamaica, i. 294;
sterility of tamed birds in Jamaica, ii. 155, 157.
HIMALAYA, range of gallinaceous birds in the, i. 237.
HIMALAYAN rabbit, i. 107, 108-111;
skull of, i. 120.
HIMALAYAN sheep, i. 95.
HINDMARSH, Mr., on Chillingham cattle, i. 84.
"HINKEL-TAUBE," i. 142-143.
HINNY and mule, difference of, ii. 67-68.
_Hipparion_, anomalous resemblance to in horses, i. 50.
_Hippeastrum_, hybrids of, ii. 138-139.
HIVE-BEES, ancient domestication of, i. 297;
breeds of, i. 298;
smaller when produced in old combs, i. 297;
variability in, i. 298;
crossing of Ligurian and common, i. 299.
"HOCKER-TAUBE," i. 141.
HOBBS, Fisher, on interbreeding pigs, ii. 121.
HODGKIN, Dr., on the attraction of foxes by a female Dingo, i. 31;
{457}
origin of the Newfoundland dog, i. 42;
transmission of a peculiar lock of hair, ii. 5.
HODGSON, Mr., domestication of _Canis primaevus_, i. 26;
development of a fifth digit in Thibet mastiffs, i. 35;
number of ribs in humped cattle, i. 79;
on the sheep of the Himalaya, i. 95;
presence of four mammae in sheep, _ibid._;
arched nose in sheep, i. 96;
measurements of the intestines of goats, i. 102;
presence of interdigital pits in goats, _ibid._;
disuse a cause of drooping ears, ii. 301.
HOFACKER, persistency of colour in horses, i. 51, ii. 21;
production of dun horses from parents of different colours, i. 59;
inheritance of peculiarities in handwriting, ii. 6;
heredity in a one-horned stag, ii. 12;
on consanguineous marriages, ii. 123.
HOG, Red River, ii. 150.
HOGG, Mr., retardation of breeding in cows by hard living, ii. 112.
HOLLAND, Sir H., necessity of inheritance, ii. 2;
on hereditary diseases, ii. 7;
hereditary peculiarity in the eyelid, ii. 8;
morbid uniformity in the same family, ii. 17;
transmission of hydrocele through the female, ii. 52;
inheritance of habits and tricks, ii. 395.
HOLLY, varieties of the, i. 360, 362;
bud-reversion in, i. 384;
yellow-berried, ii. 19, 230.
HOLLYHOCK, bud-variation in, i. 378;
non-crossing of double varieties of, ii. 107;
tender variety of the, ii. 310.
HOMER, notice of Geese, i. 287;
breeding of the horses of Aeneas, ii. 202.
HOMOLOGOUS parts, correlated variability of, ii. 322-331, 354-355;
fusion of, ii. 393;
affinity of, ii. 339-342.
HOOFS, correlated with hair in variation, ii. 325.
HOOK-BILLED DUCK, skull figured, i. 282.
HOOKER, Dr. J. D., forked shoulder-stripe in Syrian asses, i. 63;
voice of the cock in Sikkim, i. 259;
use of Arum-roots as food, i. 307;
native useful plants of Australia, i. 311;
wild walnut of the Himalayas, i. 356;
variety of the plane tree, i. 362;
production of _Thuja orientalis_ from seeds of _T. pendula_, i. 362;
singular form of _Begonia frigida_, i. 365;
reversion in plants run wild, ii. 33;
on the sugar-cane, ii. 169;
on Arctic plants, ii. 256;
on the oak grown at the Cape of Good Hope, ii. 274;
on _Rhododendron ciliatum_, ii. 277;
stock and mignonette, perennial in Tasmania, ii. 305.
HOPKIRK, Mr., bud-variation in the rose, i. 381;
in _Mirabilis jalapa_, i. 382;
in _Convolvulus tricolor_, i. 408.
HORNBEAM, heterophyllous, i. 362.
HORNED fowl, i. 229;
skull figured, i. 265.
HORNLESS cattle in Paraguay, i. 89.
HORNS of sheep, i. 95;
correlation of, with fleece in sheep, ii. 326;
correlation of, with the skull, ii. 333;
rudimentary in young polled cattle, ii. 315;
of goats, i. 102.
HORSES, in Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 49;
different breeds of, in Malay Archipelago, i. 49;
anomalies in osteology and dentition of, i. 50;
mutual fertility of different breeds, i. 51;
feral, i. 51;
habit of scraping away snow, i. 53;
mode of production of breeds of, i. 54;
inheritance and diversity of colour in, i. 55;
dark stripes in, i. 56-61, ii. 351;
dun-coloured, origin of, i. 59;
colours of feral, i. 60-61;
effect of fecundation by a Quagga on the subsequent progeny of, i.
403-404;
inheritance of peculiarities in, ii. 10-11;
polydactylism in, ii. 14;
inheritance of colour in, ii. 21;
inheritance of exostoses in legs of, ii. 23;
reversion in, ii. 33, 41;
hybrids of, with ass and zebra, ii. 42;
prepotency of transmission in the sexes of, ii. 65;
segregation of, in Paraguay, ii. 102;
wild species of, breeding in captivity, ii. 150;
curly, in Paraguay, ii. 205, 325;
selection of, for trifling characters, ii. 209;
unconscious selection of, ii. 212-213;
natural selection in Circassia, ii. 225;
alteration of coat of, in coal-mines, ii. 278;
degeneration of, in the Falkland Islands, ii. 278;
diseases of, caused by shoeing, ii. 300;
feeding on meat, ii. 305;
white and white-spotted, poisoned by mildewed vetches, ii. 337;
analogous variations in the colour of, ii. 349;
teeth developed on palate of, ii. 391;
of bronze period in Denmark, ii. 427.
HORSE-CHESNUT, early, at the Tuileries, i. 362;
tendency to doubleness in, ii. 168.
HORSE-RADISH, general sterility of the, ii. 170.
"HOUDAN," a French sub-breed of fowls, i. 229.
HOWARD, C., on an Egyptian monument, i. 17;
on crossing sheep, ii. 95, 120.
HUC, on the Emperor Khang-hi, ii. 205;
Chinese varieties of the bamboo, ii. 256.
HUMBOLDT, A., character of the Zambos, ii. 47;
parrot speaking the language of an extinct tribe, ii. 154;
on _Pulex penetrans_, ii. 275.
HUMIDITY, injurious effect of, upon horses, i. 53.
HUMPHREYS, Col., on Ancon sheep, i. 100.
HUNGARIAN cattle, i. 80.
{458}
HUNTER, John, period of gestation in the dog, i. 29;
on secondary sexual characters, i. 179;
fertile crossing of _Anser ferus_ and the domestic goose, i. 288;
inheritance of peculiarities in gestures, voice, &c., ii. 6;
assumption of male characters by the human female, ii. 51;
period of appearance of hereditary diseases, ii. 78;
graft of the spur of a cock upon its comb, ii. 296;
on the stomach of _Larus tridentatus_, ii. 302;
double-tailed lizards, ii. 341.
HUNTER, W., evidence against the influence of imagination upon the
offspring, ii. 264.
HUTTON, Capt., on the variability of the silk moth, i. 303;
on the number of species of silkworms, i. 300;
markings of silkworms, i. 302;
domestication of the rock-pigeon in India, i. 185;
domestication and crossing of _Gallus bankiva_, i. 236.
HUTCHINSON, Col., liability of dogs to distemper, i. 35.
HUXLEY, Prof., on the transmission of polydactylism, ii. 13;
on unconscious selection, ii. 194;
on correlation in the mollusca, ii. 320;
on gemmation and fission, ii. 359;
development of star-fishes, ii. 366.
HYACINTHS, i. 370-371;
bud-variation in, i. 385;
graft-hybrid by union of half bulbs of, i. 395;
white, reproduced by seed, ii. 20;
red, ii. 229, 336;
varieties of, recognisable by the bulb, ii. 251.
HYACINTH, feather, ii. 185, 316.
_Hyacinthus orientalis_, i. 370.
_Hybiscus syriacus_, ii. 286.
HYBRIDS, of hare and rabbit, i. 105;
of various species of _Gallus_, i. 234-236;
of almond, peach, and nectarine, i. 339;
naturally produced, of species of _Cytisus_, i. 390;
from twin-seed of _Fuchsia coccinea_ and _fulgens_, i. 391;
reversion of, i. 392-394, ii. 36, 48-50;
from mare, ass, and zebra, ii. 42;
of tame animals, wildness of, ii. 44-46;
female instincts of sterile male, ii. 52;
transmission and blending of characters in, ii. 92-95;
breed better with parent species than with each other, ii. 131;
self-impotence in, ii. 138-140;
readily produced in captivity, ii. 151.
HYBRIDISATION, singular effects of, in oranges, i. 336;
of cherries, i. 347;
difficulty of, in _Cucurbitae_, i. 358;
of roses, i. 366.
HYBRIDISM, ii. 178-191;
the cause of a tendency to double flowers, ii. 171;
in relation to pangenesis, ii. 385.
HYBRIDITY in cats, i. 44-45;
supposed of peach and nectarine, i. 342.
_Hydra_, i. 374, ii. 293, 359.
HYDRANGEA, colour of flowers of, influenced by alum, ii. 277.
HYDROCELE, ii. 52.
HYDROCEPHALUS, ii. 295.
_Hypericum calycinum_, ii. 170.
_Hypericum crispum_, ii. 227, 337.
HYPERMETAMORPHOSIS, ii. 367.
HYPERMETROPIA, hereditary, ii. 8.
ICHTHYOPTERYGIA, number of digits in the, ii. 16.
_Ilex aquifolium_, ii. 19.
IMAGINATION, supposed effect of, on offspring, ii. 263.
_Imatophyllum miniatum_, bud-variation in, i. 385.
INCEST, abhorred by savages, ii. 123-124.
INCUBATION, by crossed fowls of non-sitting varieties, ii. 43-44.
INDIA, striped horses of, i. 58;
pigs of, i. 66, 67, 76;
breeding of rabbits in, i. 112;
cultivation of pigeons in, i. 205-206.
INDIVIDUAL variability in pigeons, i. 158-160.
INGLEDEW, Mr., cultivation of European vegetables in India, ii. 169.
"INDISCHE Taube," ii. 144.
INHERITANCE, ii. 1-84, 371-373, 395, 397-402;
doubts entertained of by some writers, ii. 3;
importance of to breeders, 3-4;
evidence of, derived from statistics of chances, 5;
of peculiarities in man, 5-7, 12-16;
of disease, 7-8, 17;
of peculiarities in the eye, 8-10;
of deviations from symmetry, 12;
of polydactylism, 12-16;
capriciousness of, 17-22, 27;
of mutilations, 22-24;
of congenital monstrosities, 24;
causes of absence of, 24-26;
by reversion or atavism, 28-61;
its connexion with fixedness of character, 62-64;
affected by prepotency of transmission of character, 65-71;
limited by sex, 71-75;
at corresponding periods of life, 75-80;
summary of the subject of, 80-84;
laws of, the same in seminal and bud varieties, i. 409;
of characters in the horse, i. 10-11;
in cattle, i. 87;
in rabbits, i. 107;
in the peach, i. 339;
in the nectarine, i. 340;
in plums, i. 347;
in apples, i. 350;
in pears, i. 351;
in the pansy, i. 369;
of primary characters of _Columba livia_ in crossed pigeons, i. 201;
of peculiarities of plumage in pigeons, i. 160-161;
of peculiarities of foliage in trees, i. 362;
effects of, in varieties of the cabbage, i. 325.
INSANITY, inheritance of, ii. 7, 78.
INSECTS, regeneration of lost parts in, ii. 15, 294;
agency of, in fecundation of larkspurs, ii. 21;
effect of changed conditions upon, ii. 157;
sterile neuter, ii. 186-187;
{459}
monstrosities in, ii. 269, 391.
INSTINCTS, defective, of silkworms, i. 304.
INTERBREEDING, close, ill effects of, ii. 114-131, 175.
INTERCROSSING, of species, as a cause of variation, i. 188;
natural, of plants, i. 336;
of species of Canidae and breeds of dogs, i. 31-33;
of domestic and wild cats, i. 44-45;
of breeds of pigs, i. 71, 78;
of cattle, i. 83;
of varieties of cabbage, i. 324;
of peas, i. 326, 329-330;
of varieties of orange, i. 336;
of species of strawberries, i. 351-352;
of _Cucurbitae_, i. 357-358;
of flowering plants, i. 364;
of pansies, i. 368.
INTERDIGITAL pits, in goats, i. 102.
INTERMARRIAGES, close, ii. 122-123.
INTESTINES, elongation of, in pigs, i. 73;
relative measurements of parts of, in goats, i. 102;
effects of changed diet on, ii. 302.
_Ipomoea purpurea_, ii. 128.
IRELAND, remains of _Bos frontosus_ and _longifrons_ found in, i. 81.
IRIS, hereditary absence of the, ii. 9;
hereditary peculiarities of colour of the, ii. 9-10.
IRISH, ancient, selection practised by the, ii. 203.
IRON period, in Europe, dog of, i. 18.
ISLANDS, oceanic, scarcity of useful plants on, i. 311.
ISLAY, pigeons of, i. 183.
ISOLATION, effect of, in favour of selection, ii. 233-234.
ITALY, vine growing in, during the bronze period, i. 332.
IVY, sterility of, in the north of Europe, ii. 170.
JACK, Mr., effect of foreign pollen on grapes, i. 400.
JACKAL, i. 24, 27, 30;
hybrids of, with the dog, i. 32;
prepotency of, over the dog, ii. 67.
JACOBIN pigeon, i. 154, 208.
JACQUEMET-BONNEFORT, on the mulberry, i. 334.
JAGUAR, with crooked legs, i. 17.
JAMAICA, feral dogs of, i. 28;
feral pigs of, i. 77;
feral rabbits of, i. 112.
JAPAN, horses of, i. 53.
JAPANESE pig (figured), i. 69.
JARDINE, Sir W., crossing of domestic and wild cats, i. 44.
JARVES, J., silkworm in the Sandwich islands, i. 301.
JAVA, Fantail pigeon in, i. 148.
JAVANESE ponies, i. 53, 59.
JEMMY BUTTON, i. 309.
JENYNS, L., whiteness of ganders, i. 288;
sunfish-like variety of the goldfish, i. 297.
JERDON, J. C., number of eggs laid by the pea-hen, ii. 112;
origin of domestic fowl, i. 237.
JERSEY, arborescent cabbages of, i. 323.
JESSAMINE, i. 394.
JEITTELES, Hungarian sheep-dogs, i. 24;
crossing of domestic and wild cats, i. 44.
JOHN, King, importation of stallions from Flanders by, ii. 203.
JOHNSON, D., occurrence of stripes on young wild pigs in India, i. 76.
JORDAN, A., on Vibert's experiments on the vine, i. 332;
origin of varieties of the apple, i. 350;
varieties of pears found wild in woods, ii. 260.
JOURDAN, parthenogenesis in the silk moth, ii. 364.
JUAN DE NOVA, wild dogs on, i. 27.
JUAN FERNANDEZ, dumb dogs on, i. 27.
_Juglans regia_, i. 356-357.
JUKES, Prof., origin of the Newfoundland dog, i. 42.
JULIEN, Stanislas, early domestication of pigs in China, i. 68;
antiquity of the domestication of the silk-worm in China, i. 300.
JUMPERS, a breed of fowls, i. 230.
JUNIPER, variations of the, i. 361, 364.
_Juniperus suecica_, i. 361.
_Jussiaea grandiflora_, ii. 170.
JUSSIEU, A. de, structure of the pappus in _Carthamus_, ii. 316.
KAIL, Scotch, reversion in, ii. 32.
"KALA-PAR" pigeon, i. 142.
KALES, i. 323.
KALM, P., on maize, i. 322, ii. 307;
introduction of wheat into Canada, i. 315;
sterility of trees growing in marshes and dense woods, ii. 170.
"KALMI Lotan," tumbler pigeon, i. 151.
KANE, Dr., on Esquimaux dogs, i. 21.
KARAKOOL sheep, i. 98.
KARKEEK, on inheritance in the horse, ii. 10.
"KARMELITEN Taube," i. 156.
KARSTEN on _Pulex penetrans_, ii. 275.
KATTYWAR horses, i. 58.
KEELEY, R., pelorism in _Galeobdolon luteum_, ii. 59.
KERNER on the culture of Alpine plants, ii. 163.
KESTREL, breeding in captivity, ii. 154.
"KHANDESI," i. 141.
KHANG-HI, selection of a variety of rice by, ii. 205.
KIANG, ii. 43.
KIDD, on the canary bird, i. 77, ii. 275.
KIDNEY Bean, i. 371;
varieties of, ii. 256, 275.
{460}
KIDNEYS, compensatory development of the, ii. 300;
fusion of the, ii. 341;
shape of, in birds, influenced by the form of the pelvis, ii. 344.
KING, Col., domestication of rock doves from the Orkneys, i. 184, 185.
KING, P. S., on the Dingo, i. 21, 28.
KIRBY and Spence, on the growth of galls, ii. 283.
KIRGHISIAN sheep, i. 98.
KITE, breeding in captivity, ii. 154.
KLEINE, variability of bees, i. 298.
KNIGHT, Andrew, on crossing horses of different breeds, i. 51;
crossing varieties of peas, i. 326, ii. 129;
persistency of varieties of peas, i. 329;
origin of the peach, i. 338;
hybridisation of the morello by the Elton cherry, i. 347;
on seedling cherries, _ibid._;
variety of the apple not attacked by coccus, i. 349;
intercrossing of strawberries, i, 351, 352;
broad variety of the cock's comb, i. 365;
bud variation in the cherry and plum, i. 375;
crossing of white and purple grapes, i. 393;
experiments in crossing apples, i. 402, ii. 129;
hereditary disease in plants, ii. 11;
on interbreeding, ii. 116;
crossed varieties of wheat, ii. 130;
necessity of intercrossing in plants, ii. 175;
on variation, ii. 256, 257;
effects of grafting, i. 387, ii. 278;
bud-variation in a plum, ii. 289;
compulsory flowering of early potatoes, ii. 343;
correlated variation of head and limbs, ii. 323.
KNOX, Mr., breeding of the eagle owl in captivity, ii. 154.
KOCH, degeneracy in the turnip, i. 325.
KOHLRABI, i. 323.
KOELREUTER, reversion in hybrids, i. 392, ii. 36;
acquired sterility of crossed varieties of plants, i. 358, ii. 101;
absorption of _Mirabilis vulgaris_ by _M. longiflora_, ii. 88;
crosses of species of _Verbascum_, ii. 93, 107;
on the hollyhock, ii. 107;
crossing varieties of tobacco, ii. 108;
benefits of crossing plants, ii. 130, 131, 175-176;
self-impotence in _Verbascum_, ii. 136, 141;
effects of conditions of growth upon fertility in _Mirabilis_, ii. 164;
great development of tubers in hybrid plants, ii. 172;
inheritance of plasticity, ii. 241;
variability of hybrids of _Mirabilis_, ii. 265;
repeated crossing a cause of variation, ii. 267-268;
number of pollen-grains necessary for fertilization, ii. 363.
"KRAUSESCHWEIN," i. 67.
KROHN, on the double reproduction of Medusae, ii. 384.
"KROPF-TAUBEN," i. 137.
LABAT, on the tusks of feral bears in the West Indies, i. 77;
on French wheat grown in the West Indies, ii. 307;
on the culture of the vine in the West Indies, ii. 308.
LABURNUM, Adam's, see _Cytisus Adami_;
oak-leaved, reversion of, i. 382;
pelorism in the, ii. 346;
Waterer's, i. 390.
LACHMANN, on gemmation and fission, ii. 358.
_Lachnanthes tinctoria_, ii. 227, 336.
LACTATION, imperfect, hereditary, ii. 8;
deficient, of wild animals in captivity, ii. 158.
LADRONE islands, cattle of, i. 86.
LAING, Mr., resemblance of Norwegian and Devonshire cattle, i. 82.
LAKE-DWELLINGS, sheep of, i. 94, ii. 427;
cattle of, ii. 427;
absence of the fowl in, i. 246;
cultivated plants of, i. 309, ii. 427, 429;
cereals of, i. 317-319;
peas found in, i. 326;
beans found in, i. 330.
LAMARE-PIQUOT, observations on half-bred North American wolves, i. 22.
LAMBERT, A. B., on _Thuja pendula_ or _filiformis_, i. 362.
LAMBERT family, ii. 4, 76.
LAMBERTYE on strawberries, i. 351, 352;
five-leaved variety of _Fragaria collina_, i. 353.
LANDT, L., on sheep in the Faroe islands, ii. 103.
LA PLATA, wild dogs of, i. 27;
feral cat from, i. 47.
LARCH, ii. 310.
LARKSPURS, insect agency necessary for the full fecundation of, ii. 21.
_Larus argentatus_, ii. 157.
_Larus tridactylus_, ii. 302.
LASTERYE, merino sheep in different countries, i. 99.
LATENT characters, ii. 51-56.
LATHAM, on the fowl not breeding in the extreme north, ii. 161.
_Lathyrus_, ii. 38.
_Lathyrus aphaca_, ii. 343.
_Lathyrus odoratus_, ii. 20, 91, 93, 311, 393.
LA TOUCHE, J. D., on a Canadian apple with dimidiate fruit, i. 392-393.
"LATZ-TAUBE," i. 154.
LAUGHER pigeon, i. 155, 207.
_Laurus sassafras_, ii. 274.
LAWRENCE, J., production of a new breed of fox-hounds, i. 40;
occurrence of canines in mares, i. 50;
on three-parts-bred horses, i. 54;
on inheritance in the horse, ii. 10-11.
LAWSON, Mr., varieties of the potato, i. 330.
LAXTON, Mr., bud-variation in the gooseberry, i. 376;
crossing of varieties of the pea, i. 397-398;
{461}
double-flowered peas, ii. 168.
LAYARD, E. L., resemblance of a Caffre dog to the Esquimaux breed, i. 25,
ii. 286;
crossing of the domestic cat with _Felis Caffra_, i. 44;
feral pigeons in Ascension, i. 190;
domestic pigeons of Ceylon, i. 206;
on _Gallus Stanleyi_, i. 234;
on black-skinned Ceylonese fowls, i. 256.
LE COMPTE family, blindness inherited in, ii. 78.
LECOQ, bud-variation in _Mirabilis jalapa_, i. 382;
hybrids of _Mirabilis_, i. 393, ii. 169, 265;
crossing in plants, ii. 127;
fecundation of _Passiflora_, ii. 137;
hybrid _Gladiolus_, ii. 139;
sterility of _Ranunculus ficaria_, ii. 170;
villosity in plants, ii. 277;
double asters, ii. 316.
LE COUTEUR, J., varieties of wheat, i. 313-315;
acclimatisation of exotic wheat in Europe, i. 315;
adaptation of wheat to soil and climate, i. 316;
selection of seed-corn, i. 318;
on change of soil, ii. 147;
selection of wheat, ii. 200;
natural selection in wheat, ii. 233;
cattle of Jersey, ii. 234.
LEDGER, Mr., on the Llama and Alpaca, ii. 208.
LEE, Mr., his early culture of the pansy, i. 368.
_Leersia oryzoides_, ii. 91.
LEFOUR, period of gestation in cattle, i. 87.
LEGS, of fowls, effects of disuse on, i. 270-272;
characters and variations of, in ducks, i. 284-288;
fusion of, ii. 341.
LEGUAT, cattle of the Cape of Good Hope, i. 88.
LEHMANN, occurrence of wild double-flowered plants near a hot spring, ii.
168.
LEIGHTON, W. A., propagation of a weeping yew by seed, ii. 19.
LEITNER, effects of the removal of anthers, ii. 167.
LEMMING, ii. 152.
LEMOINE, variegated _Symphytum_ and _Phlox_, i. 384.
LEMON, i. 334, 335;
orange fecundated by pollen of the, i. 399.
LEMURS, hybrid, ii. 153.
LEPORIDES, ii. 98-99, 152.
LEPSIUS, figures of ancient Egyptian dogs, i. 17;
domestication of pigeons in ancient Egypt, i. 204.
_Leptotes_, ii. 134.
_Lepus glacialis_, i. 111.
_Lepus magellanicus_, i. 112.
_Lepus nigripes_, i. 108.
_Lepus tibetanus_, i. 111.
_Lepus variabilis_, i. 111.
LEREBOULLET, double monsters of fishes, ii. 340.
LESLIE, on Scotch wild cattle, i. 85.
LESSON, on _Lepus magellanicus_, i. 112.
LEUCKART on the larva of Cecidomyidae, ii. 360.
LEWIS, G., cattle of the West Indies, ii. 229.
LHERBETTE and Quatrefages, on the horses of Circassia, ii. 102, 225.
LIEBIG, differences in human blood, according to complexion, ii. 276.
LIEBREICH, occurrence of pigmentary retinitis in deaf-mutes, ii. 328.
LICHENS, sterility in, ii. 171.
LICHTENSTEIN, resemblance of Bosjesman's dogs to _Canis mesomelas_, i.
25;
Newfoundland dog at the Cape of Good Hope, i. 36.
LILACS, ii. 164.
LILIACEAE, contabescence in, ii. 165.
_Lilium candidum_, ii. 137.
LIMBS, regeneration of, ii. 376-377.
LIMBS and head, correlated variation of, ii. 323.
LIME, effect of, upon shells of the mollusca, ii. 280.
LIME tree, changes of by age, i. 364, 387.
LIMITATION, sexual, ii. 71-75.
LIMITATION, supposed, of variation, ii. 416.
_Linaria_, pelorism in, ii. 58, 61, 346;
peloric, crossed with the normal form, ii. 70;
sterility of, ii. 166.
_Linaria vulgaris_ and _purpurea_, hybrids of, ii. 94.
LINDLEY, John, classification of varieties of cabbages, i. 324;
origin of the peach, i. 338;
influence of soil on peaches and nectarines, i. 340;
varieties of the peach and nectarine, i. 343;
on the New Town pippin, i. 349;
freedom of the Winter Majetin apple from coccus, i. 349;
production of monoecious Hautbois strawberries by bud-selection, i.
353;
origin of the large tawny nectarine, i. 375;
bud-variation in the gooseberry, i. 376;
hereditary disease in plants, ii. 11;
on double flowers, ii. 167;
seeding of ordinarily seedless fruits, ii. 168;
sterility of _Acorus calamus_, ii. 170;
resistance of individual plants to cold, ii. 309.
LINNAEUS, summer and winter wheat regarded as distinct species by, i.
315;
on the single-leaved strawberry, i. 353;
sterility of Alpine plants in gardens, ii. 163;
recognition of individual reindeer by the Laplanders, ii. 251;
growth of tobacco in Sweden, ii. 307.
LINNET, ii. 158.
_Linota cannabina_, ii. 158.
{462}
LINUM, ii. 165.
LION, fertility of, in captivity, ii. 150, 151.
LIPARI, feral rabbits of, i. 113.
LIVINGSTONE, Dr., striped young pigs on the Zambesi, i. 77;
domestic rabbits at Loanda, i. 112;
use of grass-seeds as food in Africa, i. 308;
planting of fruit-trees by the Batokas, i. 309;
character of half-castes, ii. 46;
taming of animals among the Barotse, ii. 160;
selection practised in South Africa, ii. 207, 209.
LIVINGSTONE, Mr., disuse a cause of drooping ears, ii. 301.
LIZARDS, reproduction of tail in, ii. 294;
with a double tail, ii. 341.
LLAMA, selection of, ii. 208.
LLOYD, Mr., taming of the wolf, i. 26;
English dogs in northern Europe, i. 36;
fertility of the goose increased by domestication, i. 288;
number of eggs laid by the wild goose, ii. 112;
breeding of the capercailzie in captivity, ii. 156.
LOANDA, domestic rabbits at, i. 112.
_Loasa_, hybrid of two species of, ii. 98.
_Lobelia_, reversion in hybrids of, ii. 392;
contabescence in, ii. 166.
_Lobelia fulgens_, _cardinalis_, and _syphilitica_, ii. 136.
LOCKHART, Dr., on Chinese pigeons, i. 206.
LOCUST-TREE, ii. 274.
LOISELEUR-DESLONGCHAMPS, originals of cultivated plants, i. 307;
Mongolian varieties of wheat, i. 313;
characters of the ear in wheat, i. 314;
acclimatisation of exotic wheat in Europe, i. 315;
effect of change of climate on wheat, i. 316;
on the supposed necessity of the coincident variation of weeds and
cultivated plants, i. 317;
advantage of change of soil to plants, ii. 146.
_Lolium temulentum_, variable presence of barbs in, i. 314.
LONG-TAILED sheep, i. 94, 95.
LOOCHOO islands, horses of, i. 53.
LORD, J. K., on Canis latrans, i. 22.
"LORI RAJAH," how produced, ii. 280.
_Lorius garrulus_, ii. 280.
"LOTAN," tumbler pigeon, i. 150.
LOUDON, J. W., varieties of the carrot, i. 326;
short duration of varieties of peas, i. 329;
on the glands of peach-leaves, i. 343;
presence of bloom on Russian apples, i. 349;
origin of varieties of the apple, i. 350;
varieties of the gooseberry, i. 354;
on the nut tree, i. 357;
varieties of the ash, i. 360;
fastigate juniper (_J. suecica_), i. 361;
on _Ilex aquifolium ferox_, i. 362;
varieties of the Scotch fir, i. 363;
varieties of the hawthorn, _ibid._;
variation in the persistency of leaves on the elm and Turkish oak, i.
363;
importance of cultivated varieties, _ibid._;
varieties of _Rosa spinosissima_, i. 367;
variation of dahlias from the same seed, i. 370;
production of Provence roses from seeds of the moss rose, i. 380;
effect of grafting the purple-leaved upon the common hazel, i. 395;
nearly evergreen Cornish variety of the elm, ii. 310.
LOW, G., on the pigs of the Orkney islands, i. 70.
LOW, Prof., pedigrees of greyhounds, ii. 3;
origin of the dog, i. 10;
burrowing instinct of a half-bred Dingo, i. 28;
inheritance of qualities in horses, i. 51;
comparative powers of English race-horses, Arabs, &c., i. 54;
British breeds of cattle, i. 80;
wild cattle of Chartley, i. 84;
effect of abundance of food on the size of cattle, i. 91;
effects of climate on the skin of cattle, i. 92, ii. 326;
on interbreeding, ii. 116;
selection in Hereford cattle, ii. 214;
formation of new breeds, ii. 244;
on "sheeted" cattle, ii. 349.
LOWE, Mr., on hive bees, i. 299.
LOWE, REV. Mr., on the range of _Pyrus malus_ and _P. acerba_, i. 348.
"LOWTAN" tumbler pigeon, i. 150.
_Loxia pyrrhula_, ii. 154.
LUBBOCK, Sir J., developments of the Ephemeridae, ii. 366.
LUCAS, P., effects of cross-breeding on the female, i. 404;
hereditary diseases, ii. 7, 78-79;
hereditary affections of the eye, ii. 9-10;
inheritance of anomalies in the human eye and in that of the horse, ii.
10, 11;
inheritance of polydactylism, ii. 13;
morbid uniformity in the same family, ii. 17;
inheritance of mutilations, ii. 23;
persistency of cross-reversion, ii. 35;
persistency of character in breeds of animals in wild countries, ii.
64;
prepotency of transmission, ii. 65, 68;
supposed rules of transmission in crossing animals, ii. 68;
sexual limitations of transmission of peculiarities, ii. 72-73;
absorption of the minority in crossed races, ii. 88;
crosses without blending of certain characters, ii. 92;
on interbreeding, ii. 116;
variability dependent on reproduction, ii. 250;
period of action of variability, ii. 260;
inheritance of deafness in cats, ii. 329;
complexion and constitution, ii. 335.
LUCAZE-DUTHIERS, structure and growth of galls, ii. 282-284.
LUIZET, grafting of a peach-almond on a peach, i. 338.
{463}
LUETKE, cats of the Caroline Archipelago, i. 47.
LUXURIANCE, of vegetative organs, a cause of sterility in plants, ii.
168-171.
LYONNET, on the scission of _Nais_, ii. 358.
_Lysimachia nummularia_, sterility of, ii. 170.
_Lythrum_, trimorphic species of, ii. 400.
_Lythrum salicaria_, ii. 183;
contabescence in, ii. 166.
_Lytta vesicatoria_, affecting the kidneys, ii. 380.
_Macacus_, species of, bred in captivity, ii. 153.
MACAULAY, Lord, improvement of the English horse, ii. 213.
MCCLELLAND, Dr., variability of fresh-water fishes in India, ii. 259.
MCCOY, Prof., on the dingo, i. 26.
MACFAYDEN, influence of soil in producing sweet or bitter oranges from
the same seed, i. 335.
MACGILLIVRAY, domestication of the rock-dove, i. 185;
feral pigeons in Scotland, i. 190;
number of vertebrae in birds, i. 266;
on wild geese, i. 287;
number of eggs of wild and tame ducks, ii. 112.
MACKENZIE, Sir G., peculiar variety of the potato, i. 330.
MACKENZIE, P., bud-variation in the currant, i. 376.
MACKINNON, Mr., horses of the Falkland islands, i. 52;
feral cattle of the Falkland islands, i. 86.
MACKNIGHT, C., on interbreeding cattle, ii. 118.
MACNAB, Mr., on seedling weeping birches, ii. 18;
non-production of the weeping beech by seed, ii. 19.
MADAGASCAR, cats of, i. 47.
MADDEN, H., on interbreeding cattle, ii. 118.
MADEIRA, rock pigeon of, i. 184.
_Magnolia grandiflora_, ii. 308.
MAIZE, its unity of origin, i. 320;
antiquity of, _ibid._;
with husked grains said to grow wild, _ibid._;
variation of, i. 321;
irregularities in the flowers of, i. 321;
persistence of varieties, _ibid._;
adaptation of to climate, i. 322, ii. 307;
acclimatisation of, ii. 313, 347;
crossing of, i. 400, ii. 104-105;
extinct Peruvian varieties of, ii. 425.
MALAY fowl, i. 227.
MALAY Archipelago, horses of, i. 53;
short-tailed cats of, i. 47;
striped young wild pigs of, i. 76;
ducks of, i. 280.
MALE, influence of, on the fecundated female, i. 397-406;
supposed influence of, on offspring, ii. 68.
MALE flowers, appearance of, among female flowers in maize, i. 321.
MALFORMATIONS, hereditary, ii. 79.
_Malva_, fertilisation of, i. 402, ii. 363.
_Mamestra suasa_, ii. 157.
MAMMAE, variable in number in the pig, i. 74;
rudimentary, occasional full development of, in cows, i. 87, ii. 317;
four present in some sheep, i. 95;
variable in number in rabbits, i. 106;
latent functions of, in male animals, ii. 52, 317;
supernumerary and inguinal, in women, ii. 57.
MANGLES, Mr., annual varieties of the heartsease, ii. 305.
MANTELL, Mr., taming of birds by the New Zealanders, ii. 161.
MANU, domestic fowl noticed in the Institutes of, i. 246.
MANURE, effect of, on the fertility of plants, ii. 163.
MANX cats, i. 46, ii. 66.
MARCEL de Serres, fertility of the ostrich, ii. 156.
MARIANNE islands, varieties of _Pandanus_ in, ii. 256.
MARKHAM, Gervase, on rabbits, i. 104, ii. 204.
MARKHOR, probably one of the parents of the goat, i. 101.
MARQUAND, cattle of the channel islands, i. 80.
MARRIMPOEY, inheritance in the horse, ii. 10.
MARROW, vegetable, i. 357.
MARRYATT, Capt., breeding of asses in Kentucky, ii. 237.
MARSDEN, notice of _Gallus giganteus_, i. 235.
MARSHALL, Mr., voluntary selection of pasture by sheep, i. 96;
adaptation of wheats to soil and climate, i. 316;
"Dutch-buttocked" cattle, ii. 8;
segregation of herds of sheep, ii. 103;
advantage of change of soil to wheat and potatoes, ii. 146;
fashionable change in the horns of cattle, ii. 210;
sheep in Yorkshire, ii. 235.
MARSHALL, Prof., growth of the brain in microcephalous idiots, ii. 389.
MARTENS, E. Von, on _Achatinella_, ii. 53.
MARTIN, W. C. L., origin of the dog, i. 16;
Egyptian dogs, i. 18;
barking of a Mackenzie River dog, i. 27;
African hounds in the Tower menagerie, i. 32;
on dun horses and dappled asses, i. 55;
breeds of the horse, i. 49;
wild horses, i. 51;
Syrian breeds of asses, i. 62;
asses without stripes, i. 63;
effects of cross-breeding on the female in dogs, i. 404;
striped legs of mules, ii. 42.
MARTINS, defective instincts of silkworms, i. 304.
MARTINS, C., fruit trees of Stockholm, ii. 307.
{464}
MASON, W., bud-variation in the ash, i. 382.
MASTERS, Dr., reversion in the spiral-leaved weeping willow, i. 383;
on peloric flowers, ii. 58;
pelorism in a clover, ii. 346;
position as a cause of pelorism, ii. 345, 347.
MASTERS, Mr., persistence of varieties of peas, i. 329;
reproduction of colour in hyacinths, ii. 20;
on hollyhocks, ii. 107;
selection of peas for seed, ii. 199-200;
on _Opuntia leucotricha_, ii. 286;
reversion by the terminal pea in the pod, ii. 347.
MASTIFF, sculptured on an Assyrian monument, i. 17, ii. 429;
Tibetan, i. 35-36, ii. 278.
MATTHEWS, Patrick, on forest trees, ii. 237.
_Matthiola annua_, i. 399, ii. 20.
_Matthiola incana_, i. 381, 399.
MAUCHAMP, merino sheep, i. 100.
MAUDUYT, crossing of wolves and dogs in the Pyrenees, i. 24.
MAUND, Mr. crossed varieties of wheat, ii. 130.
MAUPERTUIS, axiom of "least action," i. 12.
MAURITIUS, importation of goats into, i. 101.
MAW, G., correlation of contracted leaves and flowers in pelargoniums,
ii. 330, 331.
MAWZ, fertility of _Brassica rapa_, ii. 165.
_Maxillaria_, self-fertilised capsules of, ii. 134;
number of seeds in, ii. 379.
_Maxillaria atro-rubens_, fertilisation of, by _M. squalens_, ii. 133.
MAYES, M., self-impotence in _Amaryllis_, ii. 139.
MECKEL, on the number of digits, ii. 13;
correlation of abnormal muscles in the leg and arm, ii. 322.
MEDUSAE, development of, ii. 368, 384.
MEEHAN, Mr., comparison of European and American trees, ii. 281.
_Meleagris mexicana_, i. 292.
_Meles taxus_, ii. 151.
MELONS, i. 359-360;
mongrel, supposed to be produced from a twin-seed, i. 391;
crossing of varieties of, i. 399, ii. 108, 129;
inferiority of, in Roman times, ii. 216;
changes in, by culture and climate, ii. 275;
serpent, correlation of variations in, ii. 330;
analogous variations in, ii. 349.
MEMBRANES, false, ii. 294-295.
MENETRIES, on the stomach of _Strix grallaria_, ii. 302.
MENINGITIS, tubercular, inherited, ii. 78.
METAGENESIS, ii. 366.
METAMORPHOSIS, ii. 366.
METAMORPHOSIS and development, ii. 388, 389.
METZGER, on the supposed species of wheat, i. 312-313;
tendency of wheat to vary, i. 315;
variation of maize, i. 321-322;
cultivation of American maize in Europe, i. 322, ii. 347;
on cabbages, i. 323-325;
acclimatisation of Spanish wheat in Germany, ii. 26;
advantage of change of soil to plants, ii. 146;
on rye, ii. 254;
cultivation of different kinds of wheat, ii. 261.
MEXICO, dog from, with tan spots on the eyes, i. 29;
colours of feral horses in, i. 61.
MEYEN, on sending of bananas, ii. 168.
MICE, grey and white, colours of, not blended by crossing, ii. 92;
rejection of bitter almonds by, ii. 232;
naked, ii. 279.
MICHAUX, F., roan-coloured feral horses of Mexico, i. 61;
origin of domestic turkey, i. 292;
on raising peaches from seed, i. 339.
MICHEL, F., selection of horses in mediaeval times, ii. 203;
horses preferred on account of slight characters, ii. 209.
MICHELY, effects of food on caterpillars, ii. 280;
on _Bombyx hesperus_, ii. 304.
MICROPHTHALMIA, associated with defective teeth, ii. 328.
MIDDENS, Danish, remains of dogs in, i. 18, ii. 427.
MIGNONETTE, ii. 237, 311.
MILLET, i. 371.
MILLS, J., diminished fertility of mares when first turned out to grass,
ii. 161.
MILNE-EDWARDS, on the development of the crustacea, ii. 368.
MILNE-EDWARDS, A., on a crustacean with a monstrous eye-peduncle, ii.
391.
_Milvus niger_, ii. 154.
_Mimulus luteus_, ii. 128.
MINOR, W. C., gemmation and fission in the Annelida, ii. 358.
_Mirabilis_, fertilisation of, ii. 363;
hybrids of, ii. 131, 169, 265.
_Mirabilis jalapa_, i. 382, 393.
_Mirabilis longiflora_, ii. 88.
_Mirabilis vulgaris_, ii. 88.
_Misocampus_ and _Cecidomyia_, i. 5.
MITCHELL, Dr., effects of the poison of the rattlesnake, ii. 289.
MITFORD, Mr., notice of the breeding of horses by Erichthonius, ii. 202.
MOCCAS Court, weeping oak at, ii. 18.
MOGFORD, horses poisoned by fool's parsley, ii. 337.
MOELLER, L., effects of food on insects, ii. 281.
MOQUIN-TANDON, original form of maize, i. 320;
variety of the double columbine, i. 365;
{465}
peloric flowers, ii. 58-59, 61;
position as a cause of pelorism in flowers, ii. 345;
tendency of peloric flowers to become irregular, ii. 70;
on monstrosities, ii. 254;
correlation in the axis and appendages of plants, ii. 321;
fusion of homologous parts in plants, ii. 339, 341-342;
on a bean with monstrous stipules and abortive leaflets, ii. 343;
conversion of parts of flowers, ii. 392.
MOLE, white, ii. 332.
MOLL and Gayot, on cattle, i. 80, ii. 96, 210.
MOLLUSCA, change in shells of, ii. 280.
MONKE, Lady, culture of the pansy by, i. 368.
MONKEYS, rarely fertile in captivity, ii. 153.
MONNIER, identity of summer and winter wheat, i. 315.
MONSTER, cyclopean, ii. 341.
MONSTERS, double, ii. 339-340.
MONSTROSITIES, occurrence of, in domesticated animals and cultivated
plants, i. 366, ii. 254;
due to persistence of embryonic conditions, ii. 57;
occurring by reversion, ii. 57-60;
a cause of sterility, ii. 166-167;
caused by injury to the embryo, ii. 269.
MONTEGAZZA, growth of a cock's-spur inserted into the eye of an ox, ii.
369.
MONTGOMERY, E., formation of cells, ii. 370.
MOOR, J. H., deterioration of the horse in Malasia, i. 53.
MOORCROFT, Mr., on Hasora wheat, i. 313;
selection of white-tailed yaks, ii. 206;
melon of Kaschmir, ii. 275;
varieties of the apricot cultivated in Ladakh, i. 345;
varieties of the walnut cultivated in Kaschmir, i. 356.
MOORE, Mr., on breeds of pigeons, i. 148, 156, 208, 209, 211.
MOORUK, fertility of, in captivity, ii. 156.
MORLOT, dogs of the Danish Middens, i. 18;
sheep and horse of the bronze period, ii. 427.
_Mormodes ignea_, ii. 53.
MOROCCO, estimation of pigeons in, i. 205.
MORREN, C., on pelorism, ii. 58;
in _Calceolaria_, ii. 346;
non-coincidence of double flowers and variegated leaves, ii. 167.
MORRIS, Mr., breeding of the Kestrel in captivity, ii. 154.
MORTON, Lord, effect of fecundation by a quagga on an Arab mare, i.
403-404.
MORTON, Dr., origin of the dog, i. 16;
hybrid of zebra and mare, ii. 42.
_Morus alba_, i. 334.
MOSCOW, rabbits of, i. 106, 120;
effects of cold on pear-trees at, ii. 307.
MOSSES, sterility in, ii. 171;
retrogressive metamorphosis in, ii. 361.
MOSS-ROSE, probable origin of, from _Rosa centifolia_, i. 379;
Provence roses produced from seeds of, i. 380.
MOSTO, Cada, on the introduction of rabbits into Porto Santo, i. 113.
MOTTLING of fruits and flowers, i. 400.
MOUFFLON, i. 94.
MOUNTAIN-ASH, ii. 230.
MOUSE, Barbary, ii. 152.
"MOEVEN-TAUBE," i. 148.
MOWBRAY, Mr., on the eggs of game fowls, i. 248;
early pugnacity of game cocks, i. 251;
diminished fecundity of the pheasant in captivity, ii. 155.
MOWBRAY, Mr., reciprocal fecundation of _Passiflora alata_ and
_racemosa_, ii. 137.
MULATTOS, character of, ii. 46.
MULBERRY, i. 334, ii. 256.
MULE and hinny, differences in the, ii. 67-68.
MULES, striped colouring of, ii. 42;
obstinacy of, ii. 45;
production of, among the Romans, ii. 110;
noticed in the Bible, ii. 202.
MUELLER, Fritz, reproduction of orchids, ii. 134-135;
development of crustacea, ii. 368;
number of seeds in a _maxillaria_, ii. 379.
MUELLER, H., on the face and teeth in dogs, i. 34, 73, ii. 345.
MUELLER, J., production of imperfect nails after partial amputation of
the fingers, ii. 15;
tendency to variation, ii. 252;
atrophy of the optic nerve consequent on destruction of the eye, ii.
297;
on Janus-like monsters, ii. 340;
on gemmation and fission, ii. 358;
identity of ovules and buds, ii. 360;
special affinities of the tissues, ii. 380.
MUELLER, Max, antiquity of agriculture, ii. 243.
MULTIPLICITY of origin of pigeons, hypotheses of, discussed, i. 188-194.
MUNIZ, F., on Niata cattle, i. 90.
MUNRO, R., on the fertilisation of orchids, ii. 133;
reproduction of _Passiflora alata_, ii. 138.
"MURASSA" pigeon, i. 144.
MURPHY, J. J., the structure of the eye not producible by selection, ii.
222.
_Mus alexandrinus_, ii. 87-88.
_Musa sapientum_, _Chinensis_ and _Cavendishii_, i. 377.
_Muscari comosum_, ii. 185, 316.
MUSCLES, effects of use on, ii. 297.
MUSK duck, feral hybrid of, with the common duck, i. 190.
{466}
MUSMON, female, sometimes hornless, i. 95.
MUTILATIONS, inheritance or non-inheritance of, ii. 22-24, 397.
MYATT, on a five-leaved variety of the strawberry, i. 353.
MYOPIA, hereditary, ii. 8.
MYRIAPODA, regeneration of lost parts in, ii. 15, 294.
NAILS, growing on stumps of fingers, ii. 394.
NAIS, scission of, ii. 358.
NAMAQUAS, cattle of the, i. 88, ii. 207.
NARCISSUS, double, becoming single in poor soil, ii. 167.
NARVAEZ, on the cultivation of native plants in Florida, i. 312.
_Nasua_, sterility of, in captivity, ii. 152.
"NATAS," or Niatas, a South American breed of cattle, i. 89-91.
NATHUSIUS, H. von, on the pigs of the Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 68;
on the races of pigs, i. 65-68;
convergence of character in highly-bred pigs, i. 73, ii. 241;
causes of changes in the form of the pig's skull, i. 72-73;
changes in breeds of pigs by crossing, i. 78;
change of form in the pig, ii. 279;
effects of disuse of parts in the pig, ii. 299;
period of gestation in the pig, i. 74;
appendages to the jaw in pigs, i. 76;
on _Sus pliciceps_, i. 70;
period of gestation in sheep, i. 97;
on Niata cattle, i. 89;
on short-horn cattle, ii. 118;
on interbreeding, ii. 116;
in the sheep, ii. 120;
in pigs, ii. 122;
unconscious selection in cattle and pigs, ii. 214;
variability of highly selected races, ii. 238.
NATO, P., on the Bizzaria orange, i. 391.
NATURAL selection, its general principles, i. 2-14.
NATURE, sense in which the term is employed, i. 6.
NAUDIN, supposed rules of transmission in crossing plants, ii. 68;
on the nature of hybrids, ii. 48-49;
essences of the species in hybrids, ii. 386, 401;
reversion of hybrids, ii. 36, 49-50;
reversion in flowers by stripes and blotches, ii. 37;
hybrids of _Linaria vulgaris_ and _purpurea_, ii. 94;
pelorism in _Linaria_, ii. 58, 346;
crossing of peloric _Linaria_ with the normal form, ii. 70;
variability in _Datura_, ii. 266;
hybrids of _Datura laevis_ and _stramonium_, i. 392;
prepotency of transmission of _Datura stramonium_ when crossed, ii. 67;
on the pollen of _Mirabilis_ and of hybrids, i. 389;
fertilisation of _Mirabilis_, ii. 363;
crossing of _Chamaerops humilis_ and the date palm, i. 399;
cultivated Cucurbitaceae, i. 357-360, ii. 108;
rudimentary tendrils in gourds, ii. 316;
dwarf _Cucurbitae_, ii. 330;
relation between the size and number of the fruit in _Cucurbita pepo_,
ii. 343;
analogous variation in _Cucurbitae_, ii. 349;
acclimatisation of Cucurbitaceae, ii. 313;
production of fruit by sterile hybrid Cucurbitaceae, ii. 172;
on the melon, i. 360, ii. 108, 275;
incapacity of the cucumber to cross with other species, i. 359.
NECTARINE, i. 336-344;
derived from the peach, i. 337, 339-342;
hybrids of, i. 339;
persistency of characters in seedling, i. 340;
origin of, _ibid._;
produced on peach trees, i. 340-341;
producing peaches, i. 341;
variation in, i. 342-343;
bud-variation in, i. 374;
glands in the leaves of the, ii. 231;
analogous variation in, ii. 348.
NECTARY, variations of, in pansies, i. 369.
NEES, on changes in the odour of plants, ii. 274.
"NEGRO" cat, i. 46.
NEGROES, polydactylism in, ii. 14;
selection of cattle practised by, ii. 207.
NEOLITHIC period, domestication of _Bos longifrons_ and _primigenius_ in
the, i. 81;
cattle of the, distinct from the original species, i. 87;
domestic goat in the, i. 101;
cereals of the, i. 317.
NERVE, optic, atrophy of the, ii. 297.
NEUMEISTER, on the Dutch and German pouter pigeons, i. 138;
on the Jacobin pigeon, i. 154;
duplication of the middle flight feather in pigeons, i. 159;
on a peculiarly coloured breed of pigeons, "Staarhalsige Taube," i.
161;
fertility of hybrid pigeons, i. 192;
mongrels of the trumpeter pigeon, ii. 66;
period of perfect plumage in pigeons, ii. 77;
advantage of crossing pigeons, ii. 126.
NEURALGIA, hereditary, ii. 79.
NEW ZEALAND, feral cats of, i. 47;
cultivated plants of, i. 311.
NEWFOUNDLAND dog, modification of, in England, i. 42.
NEWMAN, E., sterility of Sphingidae under certain conditions, ii. 158.
NEWPORT, G., non-copulation of _Vanessae_ in confinement, ii. 157;
regeneration of limbs in myriapoda, ii. 294;
fertilisation of the ovule in batrachia, ii. 363.
NEWT, polydactylism in the, ii. 14.
NEWTON, A., absence of sexual distinctions in the Columbidae, i. 162;
production of a "black-shouldered" pea-hen among the ordinary kind, i.
291;
on hybrid ducks, ii. 157.
NGAMI, Lake, cattle of, i. 88.
"NIATA" cattle, i. 89-91;
resemblance of to _Sivatherium_, i. 89;
{467}
prepotency of transmission of character by, ii. 66.
"NICARD" rabbit, i. 107.
NICHOLSON, Dr., on the cats of Antigua, i. 46;
on the sheep of Antigua, i. 98.
_Nicotiana_, crossing of varieties and species of, ii. 108;
prepotency of transmission of characters in species of, ii. 67;
contabescence of female organs in, ii. 166.
_Nicotiana glutinosa_, ii. 108.
NIEBUHR, on the heredity of mental characteristics in some Roman
families, ii. 65.
NIGHT-BLINDNESS, non-reversion to, ii. 36.
NILSSON, Prof., on the barking of a young wolf, i. 27;
parentage of European breeds of cattle, i. 80, 81;
on _Bos frontosus_ in Scania, i. 81.
NIND, Mr., on the dingo, i. 39.
"NISUS formativus," i. 293, 294, 355.
NITZSCH, on the absence of the oil-gland in certain Columbae, i. 147.
NON-INHERITANCE, causes of, ii. 24-26.
"NONNAIN" pigeon, i. 154.
NORDMANN, dogs of Awhasie, i. 25.
NORMANDY, pigs of, with appendages under the jaw, i. 75.
NORWAY, striped ponies of, i. 58.
NOTT and Gliddon, on the origin of the dog, i. 16;
mastiff represented on an Assyrian tomb, i. 17;
on Egyptian dogs, i. 18;
on the Hare-Indian dog, i. 22.
_Notylia_, ii. 135.
NOURISHMENT, excess of, a cause of variability, ii. 257.
NUMBER, importance of, in selection, ii. 235.
_Numida ptilorhyncha_, the original of the Guinea-fowl, i. 294.
NUN pigeon, i. 155;
known to Aldrovandi, i. 207.
NUTMEG tree, ii. 237.
OAK, weeping, i. 361, ii. 18, 241;
pyramidal, i. 361;
Hessian, i. 361;
late-leaved, i. 363;
variation in persistency of leaves of, i. 363;
valueless as timber at the Cape of Good Hope, ii. 274;
changes in, dependent on age, i. 387;
galls of the, ii. 282.
OATS, wild, i. 313;
in the Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 319.
OBERLIN, change of soil beneficial to the potato, ii. 146.
ODART, Count, varieties of the vine, i. 333, ii. 278;
bud-variation in the vine, i. 375.
ODOUR and colour, correlation of, ii. 325.
_Oecidium_, ii. 284.
_Oenothera biennis_, bud-variation in, i. 382.
OGLE, W., resemblance of twins, ii. 252.
OIL-GLAND, absence of, in fantail pigeons, i. 147, 160.
OLDFIELD, Mr., estimation of European dogs among the natives of
Australia, ii. 215.
OLEANDER, stock affected by grafting in the, i. 394.
OLLIER, Dr., insertion of the periosteum of a dog beneath the skin of a
rabbit, ii. 369.
_Oncidium_, reproduction of, ii. 133-135, 164.
ONIONS, crossing of, ii. 90;
white, liable to the attacks of fungi and disease, ii. 228, 336.
_Ophrys apifera_, self-fertilisation of, ii. 91;
formation of pollen by a petal in, ii. 392.
_Opuntia leucotricha_, ii. 277.
ORANGE, i. 334-336;
crossing of, ii. 91;
with the lemon, i. 399, ii. 365;
naturalisation of, in Italy, ii. 308;
variation of, in North Italy, ii. 256;
peculiar variety of, ii. 331;
Bizzaria, i. 391;
trifacial, _ibid._
ORCHIDS, reproduction of, i. 402, 403; ii. 133-135.
ORFORD, Lord, crossing greyhounds with the bulldog, i. 41.
ORGANISMS, origin of, i. 13.
ORGANISATION, advancement in, i. 8.
ORGANS, rudimentary and aborted, ii. 315-318;
multiplication of abnormal, ii. 391.
ORIOLE, assumption of hen-plumage by a male in confinement, ii. 158.
ORKNEY islands, pigs of, i. 70;
pigeons of, i. 184.
ORTHOPTERA, regeneration of hind legs in the, ii. 294.
_Orthosia munda_, ii. 157.
ORTON, R., on the effects of cross-breeding on the female, i. 404;
on the Manx cat, ii. 66;
on mongrels from the silk-fowl, ii. 67.
OSBORNE, Dr., inherited mottling of the iris, ii. 10.
OSPREY, preying on Black-fowls, ii. 230.
OSTEN-SACKEN, Baron, on American oak galls, ii. 282.
OSTEOLOGICAL characters of pigs, i. 66, 67, 71-74;
of rabbits, i. 115-130;
of pigeons, i. 162-167;
of ducks, i. 282-284.
OSTRICH, diminished fertility of the, in captivity, ii. 156.
OSTYAKS, selection of dogs by the, ii. 206.
OTTER, ii. 151.
"OTTER" sheep of Massachusetts, i. 100.
OUDE, feral humped cattle in, i. 79.
OUISTITI, breed in Europe, ii. 153.
{468}
OVARY, variation of, in _Cucurbita moschata_, i. 359;
development of, independently of pollen, i. 403.
_Ovis montana_, i. 99.
OVULES and buds, identity of nature of, ii. 360.
OWEN, Capt., on stiff-haired cats at Mombas, i. 46.
OWEN, Prof. R., palaeontological evidence as to the origin of dogs, i.
15;
on _Bos longifrons_, i. 81;
on the skull of the "Niata" cattle, i. 89, 90;
on fossil remains of rabbits, i. 104;
on the significance of the brain, i. 124;
on the number of digits in the Ichthyopterygia, ii. 16;
on metagenesis, ii. 366;
theory of reproduction and parthenogenesis, ii. 375.
OWL, eagle, breeding in captivity, ii. 154.
OWL pigeon, i. 148;
African, figured, i. 149;
known in 1735, i. 209.
_Oxalis_, trimorphic species of, ii. 400.
_Oxalis rosea_, ii. 132.
OXLEY, Mr., on the nutmeg tree, ii. 237.
OYSTERS, differences in the shells of, ii. 280.
PACA, sterility of the, in confinement, ii. 152.
PACIFIC islands, pigs of the, i. 70.
PADUA, earliest known flower garden at, ii. 217.
PADUAN fowl of Aldrovandi, i. 247.
_Paeonia moutan_, ii. 205.
PAEONY, tree, ancient cultivation of, in China, ii. 205.
PAMPAS, feral cattle on the, i. 85.
_Pandanus_, ii. 256.
PANGENESIS, hypothesis of, ii. 357-404.
_Panicum_, seeds of, used as food, i. 309;
found in the Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 317.
PANSY, i. 368-370.
PAPPUS, abortion of the, in _Carthamus_, ii. 316.
PAGET, on the Hungarian sheep dog, i. 24.
PAGET, inheritance of cancer, ii. 7;
hereditary elongation of hairs in the eyebrow, ii. 8;
period of inheritance of cancer, ii. 79-80;
on _Hydra_, ii. 293;
on the healing of wounds, ii. 294;
on the reparation of bones, _ibid._;
growth of hair near inflamed surfaces or fractures, ii. 295;
on false membranes, _ibid._;
compensatory development of the kidney, ii. 300;
bronzed skin in disease of supra-renal capsules, ii. 331;
unity of growth and gemmation, ii. 359;
independence of the elements of the body, ii. 369;
affinity of the tissues for special organic substances, ii. 380.
PALLAS, on the influence of domestication upon the sterility of
intercrossed species, i. 31, 83, 193, ii. 109;
hypothesis that variability is wholly due to crossing, i. 188, 374, ii.
250, 264;
on the origin of the dog, i. 16;
variation in dogs, i. 33;
crossing of dog and jackal, i. 25;
origin of domestic cats, i. 43;
origin of Angora cat, i. 45;
on wild horses, i. 52, 60;
on Persian sheep, i. 94;
on Siberian fat-tailed sheep, ii. 279;
on Chinese sheep, ii. 315;
on Crimean varieties of the vine, i. 333;
on a grape with rudimentary seeds, ii. 316;
on feral musk-ducks, ii. 46;
sterility of Alpine plants in gardens, ii. 163;
selection of white-tailed yaks, ii. 206.
_Paradoxurus_, sterility of species of, in captivity, ii. 151.
PARAGUAY, cats of, i. 46;
cattle of, i. 89;
horses of, ii. 102;
dogs of, ii. 102;
black-skinned domestic fowl of, i. 232.
PARALLEL variation, ii. 348-352.
PARAMOS, woolly pigs of, i. 78.
PARASITES, liability to attacks of, dependent on colour, ii. 228.
PARIAH dog, with crooked legs, i. 17;
resembling the Indian wolf, i. 24.
PARISET, inheritance of handwriting, ii. 6.
PARKER, W. K., number of vertebrae in fowls, i. 266.
PARKINSON, Mr., varieties of the hyacinth, i. 370.
PARKYNS, Mansfield, on _Columba guinea_, i. 183.
PARMENTIER, differences in the nidification of pigeons, i. 178;
on white pigeons, ii. 230.
PARROTS, general sterility of, in confinement, ii. 155;
alteration of plumage of, ii. 280.
PARSNIP, reversion in, ii. 31;
influence of selection on, ii. 201;
experiments on, ii. 277;
wild, enlargement of roots of, by cultivation, i. 326.
PARTHENOGENESIS, ii. 359, 364.
PARTRIDGE, sterility of, in captivity, ii. 156.
PARTURITION, difficult, hereditary, ii. 8.
_Parus major_, ii. 231.
_Passiflora_, self-impotence in species of, ii. 137-138;
contabescence of female organs in, ii. 166.
_Passiflora alata_, fertility of, when grafted, ii. 188.
PASTURE and climate, adaptation of breeds of sheep to, i. 96, 97.
PASTRANA, Julia, peculiarities in the hair and teeth of, ii. 328.
PATAGONIA, crania of pigs from, i. 77.
PATAGONIAN rabbit, i. 105.
{469}
PATERSON, R., on the Arrindy silk moth, ii. 306.
PAUL, W., on the hyacinth, i. 370;
varieties of pelargoniums, i. 378;
improvement of pelargoniums, ii. 216.
_Pavo cristatus_ and _muticus_, hybrids of, i. 290.
_Pavo nigripennis_, i. 290-291.
"PAVODOTTEN-TAUBE," i. 141.
PEACH, i. 336-344;
derived from the almond, i. 337;
stones of, figured, _ibid._;
contrasted with almonds, i. 338;
double-flowering, i. 338-339, 343;
hybrids of, i. 339;
persistency of races of, _ibid._;
trees producing nectarines, i. 340-341;
variation in, i. 342-343, ii. 256;
bud-variation in, i. 374;
pendulous, ii. 18;
variation by selection in, ii. 218;
peculiar disease of the, ii. 228;
glands on the leaves of the, ii. 231;
antiquity of the, ii. 308;
increased hardiness of the, _ibid._;
varieties of, adapted for forcing, ii. 310;
yellow-fleshed, liable to certain diseases, ii. 336.
PEACH-ALMOND, i. 338.
PEAFOWL, origin of, i. 290;
japanned or black-shouldered, i. 290-291;
feral, in Jamaica, i. 190;
comparative fertility of, in wild and tame states, ii. 112, 268;
white, ii. 332.
PEARS, i. 350;
bud-variation in, i. 376;
reversion in seedling, ii. 31;
inferiority of, in Pliny's time, ii. 215;
winter nelis, attacked by aphides, ii. 231;
soft-barked varieties of, attacked by wood-boring beetles, ii. 231;
origination of good varieties of, in woods, ii. 260;
Forelle, resistance of, to frost, ii. 306.
PEAS, i. 326-330;
origin of, 326;
varieties of, 326-329;
found in Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 317, 319, 326-329;
fruit and seeds figured, i. 328;
persistency of varieties, i. 329;
intercrossing of varieties, i. 330, 397, ii. 129;
effect of crossing on the female organs in, i. 398;
double-flowered, ii. 168;
maturity of, accelerated by selection, ii. 201;
varieties of, produced by selection, ii. 218;
thin-shelled, liable to the attacks of birds, ii. 231;
reversion of, by the terminal seed in the pod, ii. 347.
PECCARY, breeding of the, in captivity, ii. 150.
PEDIGREES of horses, cattle, greyhounds, game-cocks, and pigs, ii. 3.
PEGU, cats of, i. 47;
horses of, i. 53.
PELARGONIUMS, multiple origin of, i. 364;
zones of, i. 366;
bud-variation in, i. 378;
variegation in, accompanied by dwarfing, i. 384;
pelorism in, ii. 167, 345;
by reversion, ii. 59;
advantage of change of soil to, ii. 147;
improvement of, by selection, ii. 216;
scorching of, ii. 229;
numbers of, raised from seed, ii. 235;
effects of conditions of life on, ii. 274;
stove-variety of, ii. 311;
correlation of contracted leaves and flowers in, ii. 330-331.
_Pelargonium fulgidum_, conditions of fertility in, ii. 164.
"PELONES," a Columbian breed of cattle, i. 88.
PELORIC flowers, tendency of, to acquire the normal form, ii. 70;
fertility or sterility of, ii. 166-167.
PELORIC races of _Gloxinia speciosa_ and _Antirrhinum majus_, i. 365.
PELORISM, ii. 58-60, 345-346.
PELVIS, characters of, in rabbits, i. 122-123;
in pigeons, i. 166;
in fowls, i. 268;
in ducks, i. 284.
PEMBROKE cattle, i. 81.
PENDULOUS trees, i. 361, ii. 348;
uncertainty of transmission of, ii. 18-19.
PENGUIN ducks, i. 280, 282;
hybrid of the, with the Egyptian goose, i. 282.
PENNANT, production of wolf-like curs at Fochabers, i. 37;
on the Duke of Queensberry's wild cattle, i. 84.
_Pennisetum_, seeds of, used as food in the Punjab, i. 309.
_Pennisetum distichum_, seeds of, used as food in Central Africa, i. 308.
PERCIVAL, Mr., on inheritance in horses, ii. 10;
on horn-like processes in horses, i. 50.
_Perdix rubra_, occasional fertility of, in captivity, ii. 156.
PERIOD of action of causes of variability, ii. 269.
PERIOSTEUM of a dog, producing bone in a rabbit, ii. 369.
PERIWINKLE, sterility of, in England, ii. 170.
PERSIA, estimation of pigeons in, i. 205;
carrier pigeon of, i. 141;
tumbler pigeon of, i. 150;
cats of, i. 45-47;
sheep of, i. 94.
_Persica intermedia_, i. 338.
PERSISTENCE of colour in horses, i. 50;
of generic peculiarities, i. 111.
PERU, antiquity of maize in, i. 320;
peculiar potato from, i. 331;
selection of wild animals practised by the Incas of, ii. 207-208.
"PERUECKEN-TAUBE," i. 154.
PETALS, rudimentary, in cultivated plants, ii. 316;
producing pollen, ii. 392.
PETUNIAS, multiple origin of, i. 364;
double-flowered, ii. 167.
"PFAUEN-TAUBE," i. 146.
_Phacochoerus Africanus_, i. 76.
_Phalaenopsis_, pelorism in, ii. 346.
PHALANGES, deficiency of, ii. 73.
{470}
_Phaps chalcoptera_, ii. 349.
_Phaseolus multiflorus_, ii. 309, 322.
_Phaseolus vulgaris_, ii. 309.
_Phasianus pictus_, i. 275.
_Phasianus Amherstiae_, i. 275.
PHEASANT, assumption of male plumage by the hen, ii. 51;
wildness of hybrids of, with the common fowl, ii. 45;
prepotency of the, over the fowl, ii. 68;
diminished fecundity of the, in captivity, ii. 155.
PHEASANTS, golden and Lady Amherst's, i. 275.
PHEASANT-FOWLS, i. 244.
PHILIPEAUX, regeneration of limbs in the salamander, ii. 376.
PHILIPPAR, on the varieties of wheat, i. 314.
PHILIPPINE Islands, named breeds of game fowl in the, i. 232.
PHILLIPS, Mr., on bud-variation in the potato, i. 385.
_Phlox_, bud-variation by suckers in, i. 384.
PHTHISIS, affection of the fingers in, ii. 332.
PICKERING, Mr., on the grunting voice of humped cattle, i. 79;
occurrence of the head of a fowl in an ancient Egyptian procession, i.
246;
seeding of ordinarily seedless fruits, ii. 168;
extinction of ancient Egyptian breeds of sheep and oxen, ii. 425;
on an ancient Peruvian gourd, ii. 429.
PICOTEES, effect of conditions of life on, ii. 273.
PICTET, A., oriental names of the pigeon, i. 205.
PICTET, Prof., origin of the dog, i. 15;
on fossil oxen, i. 81.
PIEBALDS, probably due to reversion, ii. 37.
PIGEAUX, hybrids of the hare and rabbit, ii. 99, 152.
PIGEON a cravate, i. 148.
PIGEON Bagadais, i. 142, 143.
PIGEON coquille, i. 155.
PIGEON cygne, i. 143.
PIGEON heurte, i. 156.
PIGEON Patu plongeur, i. 156.
PIGEON Polonais, i. 144.
PIGEON Romain, i. 142, 144.
PIGEON tambour, i. 154.
PIGEON Turc, i. 139.
PIGEONS, origin of, i. 131-134, 180-204;
classified table of breeds of, i. 136;
pouter, i. 137-139;
carrier, i. 139-142;
runt, i. 142-144;
barbs, i. 144-146;
fantail, i. 146-148;
turbit and owl, i. 148-149;
tumbler, i. 150-153;
Indian frill-back, i. 153;
Jacobin, i. 154;
trumpeter, i. 154;
other breeds of, i. 155-157;
differences of, equal to generic, i. 157-158;
individual variations of, i. 158-160;
variability of peculiarities characteristic of breeds in, i. 161;
sexual variability in, i. 161-162;
osteology of, i. 162-167;
correlation of growth in, i. 167-171, ii. 321;
young of some varieties naked when hatched, i. 170, ii. 332;
effects of disuse in, i. 172-177;
settling and roosting in trees, i. 181;
floating in the Nile to drink, i. 181;
Dovecot, i. 185-186;
arguments for unity of origin of, i. 188-204;
feral in various places, i. 190, ii. 33;
unity of coloration in, i. 195-197;
reversion of mongrel, to coloration of, _C. livia_, i. 197-202;
history of the cultivation of, i. 205-207;
history of the principal races of, i. 207-212;
mode of production of races of, i. 212-224;
reversion in, ii. 29, 47;
by age, ii. 38;
produced by crossing in, ii. 40, 48;
prepotency of transmission of character in breeds of, ii. 66-67;
sexual differences in some varieties of, ii. 74;
period of perfect plumage in, ii. 77;
effect of segregation on, ii. 86;
preferent pairing of, within the same breed, ii. 103;
fertility of, increased by domestication, ii. 112, 155;
effects of interbreeding and necessity of crossing, ii. 125-126;
indifference of, to change of climate, ii. 161;
selection of, ii. 195, 199, 204;
among the Romans, ii. 202;
unconscious selection of, ii. 211, 214;
facility of selection of, ii. 234;
white, liable to the attacks of hawks, ii. 230;
effects of disuse of parts in, ii. 298;
fed upon meat, ii. 304;
effect of first male upon the subsequent progeny of the female, i. 405;
homology of the leg and wing feathers in, ii. 323;
union of two outer toes in feather-legged, _ibid._;
correlation of beak, limbs, tongue, and nostrils in, ii. 324;
analogous variation in, ii. 349-350;
permanence of breeds of, ii. 429.
PIGS, of Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 67-68;
types of, derived from _Sus scrofa_ and _Sus indica_, i. 66-67;
Japanese (_Sus pliciceps_, Gray), figured, i. 69;
of Pacific islands, i. 70, ii. 87;
modifications, of skull in, i. 71-73;
length of intestines in, i. 73, ii. 303;
period of gestation of, i. 74;
number of vertebrae and ribs in, i. 74;
anomalous forms, i. 75-76;
development of tusks and bristles in, i. 76;
striped young of, i. 76-77;
reversion of feral, to wild type, i. 77-78, ii. 33, 47;
production and changes of breeds of, by intercrossing, i. 78;
effects produced by the first male upon the subsequent progeny of the
female, i. 404;
two-legged race of, ii. 4;
{471}
polydactylism in, ii. 14;
cross-reversion in, ii. 35;
hybrid, wildness of, ii. 45;
monstrous development of a proboscis in, ii. 57;
disappearance of tusks in male under domestication, ii, 74;
solid hoofed, ii. 429;
crosses of, ii. 93, 95;
mutual fertility of all varieties of, ii. 110;
increased fertility by domestication, ii. 111;
ill effects of close interbreeding in, ii. 121-122;
influence of selection on, ii. 198;
prejudice against certain colours in, ii. 210, 229, 336;
unconscious selection of, ii. 214;
black Virginian, ii. 227, 336;
similarity of the best breeds of, ii. 241;
change of form in, ii. 279;
effects of disuse of parts in, ii. 299;
ears of, ii. 301;
correlations in, ii. 327;
white, buck-wheat injurious to, ii. 337;
tail of, grafted upon the back, ii. 369;
extinction of the older races of, ii. 426.
PIMENTA, ii. 91.
PIMPERNEL, ii. 190.
PINE-APPLE, sterility and variability of the, ii. 262.
PINK, Chinese. 322.
PINKS, bud-variation in, i. 381;
improvement of, ii. 216.
_Pinus pumilio_, _Mughus_, and _nana_, varieties of _P. sylvestris_, i.
363.
_Pinus sylvestris_, i. 363, ii. 310;
hybrids of, with _P. nigricans_, ii. 130.
PIORRY, on hereditary disease, ii. 7, 78.
_Pistacia lentiscus_, ii. 274.
PISTILS, rudimentary, in cultivated plants, ii. 316.
PISTOR, sterility of some mongrel pigeons, i. 192;
fertility of pigeons, ii. 112.
_Pisum arvense_ and _sativum_, i. 326.
PITYRIASIS versicolor, inheritance of, ii. 79.
PLANCHON, G., on a fossil vine, i. 332;
sterility of _Jussiaea grandifiora_ in France, ii. 170.
PLANE tree, variety of the, i. 362.
PLANTIGRADE carnivora, general sterility of the, in captivity, ii. 151.
PLANTS, progress of cultivation of, i. 305-312;
cultivated, their geographical derivation, i. 311;
crossing of, ii. 98, 99, 127;
comparative fertility of wild and cultivated, ii. 112-113;
self-impotent, ii. 131-140;
dimorphic and trimorphic, ii. 132, 140;
sterility of, from changed conditions, ii. 163-165;
from contabescence of anthers, ii. 165-166;
from monstrosities, ii. 166-167;
from doubling of the flowers, ii. 167-168;
from seedless fruit, ii. 168;
from excessive development of vegetative organs, ii. 168-171;
influence of selection on, ii. 199-201;
variation by selection, in useful parts of, ii. 217-219;
variability of, ii. 237;
variability of, induced by crossing, ii. 265;
direct action of change of climate on, ii. 277;
change of period of vegetation in, ii. 304-305;
varieties of, suitable to different climates, ii. 306;
correlated variability of, ii. 330-331;
antiquity of races of, ii. 429.
PLASTICITY, inheritance of, ii. 241.
PLATEAU, F., on the vision of amphibious animals, ii. 223.
_Platessa flesus_, ii. 53.
PLATO, notice of selection in breeding dogs by, ii. 212.
PLICA polonica, ii. 276.
PLINY, on the crossing of shepherd's dogs with the wolf, i. 24;
on Pyrrhus' breed of cattle, ii. 202;
on the estimation of pigeons among the Romans, i. 205;
pears described by, ii. 215.
PLUM, i. 345-347;
stones figured, i. 345;
varieties of the, i. 345-346, ii. 219;
bud-variation in the, i. 375;
peculiar disease of the, ii. 227;
flower-buds of, destroyed by bullfinches, ii. 232;
purple-fruited, liable to certain diseases, ii. 336.
PLUMAGE, inherited peculiarities of, in pigeons, i. 160-161;
sexual peculiarities of, in fowls, i. 251-255.
PLURALITY of races, Pouchet's views on, i. 2.
_Poa_, seeds of, used as food, i. 308;
species of, propagated by bulblets, ii. 170.
PODOLIAN cattle, i. 80.
POINTERS, modification of, i. 42;
crossed with the foxhound, ii. 95.
POIS sans parchemin, ii. 231.
POITEAU, origin of _Cytisus Adami_, i. 390;
origin of cultivated varieties of fruit-trees, ii. 260.
POLISH fowl, i. 227, 250, 254, 256-257, 262;
skull figured, i. 262;
section of skull figured, i. 263;
development of protuberance of skull, i. 250;
furcula figured, i. 268.
POLISH, or Himalayan rabbit, i. 108.
POLLEN, ii. 363-364;
action of, ii. 108;
injurious action of, in some orchids, ii. 134-135;
resistance of, to injurious treatment, ii. 164;
prepotency of, ii. 187.
POLLOCK, Sir F., transmission of variegated leaves in _Ballota nigra_, i.
383;
on local tendency to variegation, ii. 274.
POLYANTHUS, ii. 21.
POLYDACTYLISM, inheritance of, ii. 12-16;
significance of, ii. 16-17.
_Polyplectron_, i. 255.
PONIES, most frequent on islands and mountains, i. 52;
Javanese, i. 53.
POOLE, Col., on striped Indian horses, i. 58, 59;
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on the young of _Asinus indicus_, ii. 43.
POPLAR, Lombardy, i. 361.
POEPPIG, on Cuban wild dogs, i. 27.
POPPY, found in the Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 317, 319;
with the stamens converted into pistils, i. 365;
differences of the, in different parts of India, ii. 165;
monstrous, fertility of, ii. 166;
black-seeded, antiquity of, ii. 429.
PORCUPINE, breeding of, in captivity, ii. 152.
PORCUPINE family, ii. 4, 76.
_Porphyrio_, breeding of a species of, in captivity, ii. 156.
PORTAL, on a peculiar hereditary affection of the eye, ii. 9.
PORTO Santo, feral rabbits of, i. 112.
_Potamochoerus penicillatus_, ii. 150.
POTATO, i. 330-331;
bud-variation by tubers in the, i. 384-385;
graft-hybrid of, by union of half-tubers, i. 395;
individual self-impotence in the, ii. 137;
sterility of, ii. 169;
advantage of change of soil to the, ii. 146;
relation of tubers and flowers in the, ii. 343.
POTATO, sweet, sterility of the, in China, ii. 169;
varieties of the, suited to different climates, ii. 309.
POUCHET, M., his views on plurality of races, i. 2.
POUTER pigeons, i. 137-139;
furcula figured, i. 167;
history of, i. 207.
POWIS, Lord, experiments in crossing humped and English cattle, i. 83,
ii. 45.
POYNTER, Mr., on a graft-hybrid rose, i. 396.
PRAIRIE wolf, i. 22.
PRECOCITY of highly-improved breeds, ii. 321.
PREPOTENCY of pollen, ii. 187.
PREPOTENCY of transmission of character, ii. 65, 174;
in the Austrian emperors and some Roman families, ii. 65;
in cattle, ii. 65-66;
in sheep, ii. 66;
in cats, _ibid._;
in pigeons, ii. 66-67;
in fowls, ii. 67;
in plants, _ibid._;
in a variety of the pumpkin, i. 358;
in the jackal over the dog, ii. 67;
in the ass over the horse, _ibid._;
in the pheasant over the fowl, ii. 68;
in the penguin duck over the Egyptian goose, _ibid._;
discussion of the phenomena of, ii. 69-71.
PRESCOTT, Mr., on the earliest known European flower-garden, ii. 217.
PRESSURE, mechanical, a cause of modification, ii. 344-345.
PREVOST and Dumas, on the employment of several spermatozoids to
fertilise one ovule, ii. 363.
PRICE, Mr., variations in the structure of the feet in horses, i. 50.
PRICHARD, Dr., on polydactylism in the negro, ii. 14;
on the Lambert family, ii. 77;
on an albino negro, ii. 229;
on Plica polonica, ii. 276.
PRIMROSE, ii. 21;
double, rendered single by transplantation, ii. 167.
_Primula_, intercrossing of species of, i. 336;
contabescence in, ii. 166;
hose and hose, i. 365;
with coloured calyces, sterility of, ii. 166.
_Primula sinensis_, reciprocally dimorphic, ii. 132.
_Primula veris_, ii. 21, 109, 182.
_Primula vulgaris_, ii. 21, 109.
PRINCE, Mr., on the intercrossing of strawberries, i. 352.
_Procyon_, sterility of, in captivity, ii. 152.
PROLIFICACY, increased by domestication, ii. 174.
PROPAGATION, rapidity of, favourable to selection, ii. 297.
PROTOZOA, reproduction of the, ii. 376.
_Prunus armeniaca_, i. 344-345.
_Prunus avium_, i. 347.
_Prunus cerasus_, i. 347, 375.
_Prunus domestica_, i. 345.
_Prunus insititia_, i. 345-347.
_Prunus spinosa_, i. 345.
PRUSSIA, wild horses in, i. 60.
_Psittacus erithacus_, ii. 155.
_Psittacus macoa_, ii. 155.
_Psophia_, general sterility of, in captivity, ii. 157.
PTARMIGAN fowls, i. 228.
_Pulex penetrans_, ii. 275.
PUMPKINS, i. 357.
PUNO ponies of the Cordillera, i. 52.
PURSER, Mr. on _Cytisus Adami_, i. 389.
PUSEY, Mr., preference of hares and rabbits for common rye, ii. 232.
PUTSCHE and Vertuch, varieties of the potato, i. 330.
PUVIS, effects of foreign pollen on apples, i. 401;
supposed non-variability of monotypic genera, ii. 266.
_Pyrrhula vulgaris_, ii. 232;
assumption of the hen-plumage by the male, in confinement, ii. 158.
PYRRHUS, his breed of cattle, ii. 202.
_Pyrus_, fastigate Chinese species of, ii. 277.
_Pyrus acerba_, i. 348.
_Pyrus aucuparia_, ii. 230.
_Pyrus communis_, i. 350, 376.
_Pyrus malus_, i. 348, 376.
_Pyrus paradisiaca_, i. 348.
_Pyrus praecox_, i. 348.
QUAGGA, effect of fecundation by, on the subsequent progeny of a mare, i.
403-404.
QUATREFAGES, A. de, on the burrowing of a bitch to litter, i. 77;
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selection in the silkworm, i. 301;
development of the wings in the silkmoth, i. 303, ii. 298;
on varieties of the mulberry, i. 334;
special raising of eggs of the silkmoth, ii. 197;
on disease of the silkworm, ii. 228;
on monstrosities in insects, ii. 269, 391;
on the Anglo-Saxon race in America, ii. 276;
on a change in the breeding season of the Egyptian goose, ii. 304;
fertilisation of the _Teredo_, ii. 363;
tendency to similarity in the best races, ii. 241;
on his "_tourbillon vital_," ii. 61;
on the independent existence of the sexual elements, ii. 360.
_Quercus cerris_, i. 363.
_Quercus robur_ and _pedunculata_, hybrids of, ii. 130.
QUINCE, pears grafted on the, ii. 259.