as to hold less wind, when a ship rides at anchor in a storm.
HYDROGRAPHE, an hydrographer, employed by the state to teach
navigation in the sea-ports.
J.
JAC, or JACHT. See YACHT.
JACQ. See PAVILLON.
JALOUX, a name given in Provence to the quality of rolling violently
at sea; or of being crank.
JAMBES _de hune_. See GAMBES _de hune_.
JARDEN, a name sometimes given to the gallery or balcony of a ship.
JARLOT, the rabbit, or channel, cut in the stem afore, and in the
stern-post abaft, &c. and into the keel, to receive the ends or
edges of the planks which cover the timbers.
JAS, or JOUAILS _d’ancre_, the anchor-stock, or the two pieces of
which it is composed.
JATTE, the manger. See GATTE.
JAVEAU, a bank, or small island, formed in a river by a mass of gravel
or mud.
JAUGE, the tonnage or burthen of a vessel.
JAUGER, to measure, or take the dimensions of a ship, in order to
discover her tonnage, or the space contained in her hold, &c.
JAUMIÉRE, the hole in a ship’s counter or stern, which contains the
rudder-head, and in which it is turned by the tiller; the lower part
of it is usually covered with a piece of tarred canvas nailed to the
rudder, to prevent the entrance of water.
JET _de voiles_, a complete suit of sails for all the masts, yards,
stays, &c.
JET also implies any part of the cargo, &c. thrown over-board in a
storm.
_Faire le_ JET, to throw over-board the cargo, or any part of it, in a
dangerous storm, in order to lighten the vessel, so as to prevent
shipwreck or foundering; on which occasion the master usually draws
up a protest against the weather, &c. on his arrival in port.
JETTÉE, a pier, or mole-head, formed by a heap of stones sunk at, or
near, the entrance of a harbour. Also a great wharf or key.
JETTER _à la mer_, to throw any thing over-board.
JETTER _dehors le fond du hunier_, to foot the top-sail out of the
top.
JETTER _du bled, ou autres grains à la bande_, to trim the corn, salt,
or such like materials, to the other side of the ship, on any
particular occasion.
JETTER _l’ancre_, to let go the anchor, to drop anchor.
JETTER _la sonde, ou le plomb_, to sound, or heave the lead.
JETTER _un navire sur un banc, ou sur un rocher, ou à la côte_, to run
a ship ashore, upon a bank, rock, or coast, to avoid an enemy.
JEU _du governail_, the play of the helm or rudder.
ILLOIRES, two ranges of planks running fore and aft in a French ship,
for the whole length of the deck on each side of the hatches, in the
same place where the carlings are in an English ship of war.
INCOMMODÉ, disabled by the loss of masts, sails, or rigging. See
DÉSEMPARÉ.
INGÉNIEUR _de la marine_, an officer who conducts the fortifications
of a sea-port, either for attack or defence; also a person employed
to survey coasts, draw sea-charts, and teach the theory of
navigation.
INONDER, to overflow a country by an inundation of the sea.
INSPECTEUR _des constructions_, an officer whose duty is nearly
similar to that of our surveyors of the navy.
INTENDANT _de marine_, an officer who, by his duty and authority,
resembles our resident-commissioner of a dock-yard. See COMMISSAIRE
_generál de la marine_, who is his deputy, and where his office is
fully explained.
INTENDANT _des armées navales_, an officer appointed to regulate the
justice, police, and finances of a naval armament.
INTENDANT _général de la marine_, a commissioner-general of all the
royal dock-yards and ports of the kingdom.
INTERLOPRES, smugglers, or contraband traders.
INTÉRRESSÉS. See CHARGEURS.
INVESTIR, to touch or stop at any port in a voyage, also to be driven
into a road or harbour.
JOL, a Danish yawl.
JONCTION _de deux flotes, ou de deux armées navales_, the conjunction
of two fleets of ships of war, or merchantmen.
JONQUE, a Chinese junk.
JOTTES, the fore-part of a ship’s bow, contained between the cat-head
and the stem.
JOTTEREAUX, the cheeks of the head, or knees which are fastened to the
cutwater, and to the bows, on each side of a ship’s stem.
JOTTEREAUX _de mât_, the cheeks of the mast.
JOUER _le gouvernail_, to play the helm, or traverse it from side to
side in light winds.
JOUER, to fetch way; as,
_Le mât_ JOUE, the mast fetches way.
JOUES _de virevaut_, the cheeks of the windlass.
JOUETS, certain clamps, or plates of iron, used to prevent the
bolt-heads from cutting the timber into which they are driven; as,
JOUETS _de pompe_, the iron clamps nailed on the cheeks or ears of the
pump, through which the bolts are thrust.
JOUETS _de sep de drisse_, plates of iron nailed on the _sep de
drisse_, to preserve it from the iron pins of the jear-block.
JOUR, a light-port; also the interval left between two pieces of
timber, to prevent them from chafing each other.
JOURS. See SEJOURS.
ISLES _d’avau le vent_, the Leeward Islands of the West Indies.
Isles _du vent_, the Windward Islands of the West Indies.
ISSAS. See DRISSE.
ISSER. See HISSER.
ISSONS, thick white ropes, used as jears to the lower yards.
ISSOP, or ISOP, hoist away! sway away! the order to hoist up any
thing.
ITAQUE, the tye of any yard, to whose lower-end the haliards are
fastened; but more particularly a top-sail tye.
ITAQUE _de palan_, the runner of a tackle.
JUMELLER _un mât_, to fish a mast, or fasten fishes upon it.
JUMELLES, the fishes of the lower mast.
JUSSANT, the ebb-tide.
L.
LABOURER, to raise, or harrow the surface of the ground with the
ship’s keel, in passing over a shallow.
_L’ancre_ LABOURE, the anchor comes home, shifts, or loosens from its
hold.
LAC, a great lake of fresh water.
LAGAN. See CHOSES _de la mer_.
LAGON, a sort of bay.
LAGUE _d’un vaisseau_, the path, tract, or way of a ship, either
before or behind her. See SILLAGE.
LAISSES _& relais_, a sort of bank thrown up by the waves of the sea,
upon any coast.
LAMANAGE, coasting-pilotage, or the act of piloting a vessel into or
out of any harbour or river.
LAMANEUR, a harbour or river-pilot.
LAMES _de la mer_, the waves or billows of the sea.
_La_ LAME _vient de l’avant_, the sea comes a-head.
_La_ LAME _vient de l’arriere_, the sea comes a-stern, the sea follows
the ship.
_La_ LAME _prend par le travers_, the sea strikes the ship upon the
broad-side; expressed of a ship when she lies in the trough of the
sea.
_Courir au devant de la_ LAME, to scud before the sea.
LAMPES _d’habitacle_, the lamps of the binacle.
LAMPION, a small lamp, used to enter the ship’s magazine.
LANCER, to sheer or yaw to the starboard or larboard side of the
course, by the negligence or incapacity of the steersman.
LANCER _un vaisseau à l’eau_, to launch a ship from the stocks into
the water.
LANCER _une manœuvre_, to belay a rope to a cleat, or timber-head.
LANGUE _de voile_, the goaring of a sail, or that part which is next
to the leech.
LANTERNE _à gargousses_, a cartridge-case, to carry the cartridges,
from the ship’s magazine to the artillery, in the time of battle.
LANTERNE _à mitrailles_, a case, box, or canister, filled with
case-shot, or langrage, wherewith to charge a cannon.
LANTIONE, a sort of row-galley, navigated on the coast of China.
LARDER _la bonêtte_. See BONETTE _lardée_.
_Au_ LARGE! sheer off! the order given by the centinel on a ship’s
gangway to any adjacent boat, to keep aloof.
_Courir au_ LARGE! _se mettre au_ LARGE, to stand off to sea; to bear
out from the coast towards the offing.
LARGUE, the offing, sea-room, out at sea.
_Vent_ LARGUE, a large, or quartering wind.
LARGUER, to relax, or loosen, expressed of a ship that strains
violently in a high sea, so as to open in several places.
LARGUER _une amarre_, to cast off, or let go a belayed rope.
LASSER, or LACER _une voile_, to reef a course with a reef-line.
LATINE, _voile_ LATINE, a lateen sail.
LATITUDE, latitude.
LATTES _à baux_, the ledges placed between the beams.
LATTES _de caillebotis_, the battens or laths of the gratings.
LATTES _de galere_, a sort of broad thin beams, used to support the
decks of a gallery.
LAZARET, a lazaretto, or building to receive persons while performing
quarentine, &c.
LÉ, the fair way of a channel, harbour, or river.
LEBESCHE, the south-west wind, in the dialect of Provence.
LEGE, light, without a cargo of any kind; understood also of a ship
which is not sufficiently ballasted.
LEST, a general name for any sort of ballast.
LEST _bon_, or _bon_ LEST, good ballast, or ballast which lies firmly
in the hold, without disordering the pumps; as shingle, gravel, &c.
LEST _de plongeurs_, a weight used by the divers in the coral-fishery:
it is fastened securely to their waists, to balance them in the
water, and keep them steady, so as to traverse the waves easily,
without being tossed about.
LEST _gros_, or _gros_ LEST, heavy ballast, composed of large stones,
or pigs of iron.
LEST _lavé_, washed shingle ballast.
LEST _mauvais_, bad ballast, as sand, salt, &c.
_Le_ LEST _roule_, the ballast shifts.
_Voiles à_ LEST, port-sails, or pieces of canvas depending, from the
port-hole of the ship into which the ballast is thrown, to the side
of the ballast-lighter, to prevent the ballast from falling into the
water.
LESTAGE, the ballasting of a ship, or furnishing her with ballast.
LESTER, to ballast a vessel, or furnish her with ballast.
LESTEUR, a ballast-lighter.
LETTRES _de reprisailles_, letters of mart.
LETTRE _de mer_, a passport.
LEVÉE, a swelling sea.
_Il y a de la_ LEVÉE, the sea rises, there is a broken or boiling sea.
LEVE-_rame_, unship the oars! the order to the rowers to lay in their
oars.
LEVER _l’amure_, to tack, or shift the tack, to put about.
LEVER _l’ancre_, to weigh the anchor.
LEVER _l’ancre avec la chaloupe_, to weigh the anchor by the buoy-rope
in the long-boat. See ANCRE.
LEVER _l’ancre d’affourche avec le navire_. See LEVER _l’ancre_, _&c._
LEVER _la fourrure du cable_, to take the plat, or other service, off
from the cable.
LEVER _le lof de grand voile_, to haul up the weather clew-garnet of
the main-sail.
LEVER _les terres_, to survey the coasts, in order to draw a chart
thereof.
LEVER _un objet avec la boussole_, to set a distant object by the
compass to discover its bearing.
LEVIER, a lever formed of a handspike or crow.
LEVIER _à croc_, a clawed-handspike.
LIAISON, the connecting or fastening together the several members or
pieces of timber of which a ship is composed.
LIBOURET, a line or snare for fishing of mackarel.
LIEN _de fer_, an iron hoop used on several occasions in
ship-building.
LIEN _du governail_, the iron hoop which encircles the head of the
rudder above the mortise of the tiller, to strengthen it in that
place.
LIEU, a league, or measure of three miles, common in navigation.
LIEURES, the lower futtocks of a boat. See GENOUX.
LIEUTENANT-_amiral_. See VICE-AMIRAL.
LIEUTENANT-_général des armées navales_, a rear admiral in the French
navy.
LIEUTENANT _de vaisseau_, the lieutenant of a ship of war.
LIGNE, a line of battle.
_Marcher en_ LIGNE, to sail in a line.
LIGNE _d’eau_, a water-line.
LIGNE _d’eau du vaisseau chargé_, the load-water line.
_Vaisseau percé d’un coup de canon, à la_ LIGNE _de l’eau_, or _à
fleur-d’eau_, a ship which has received a shot between wind and
water.
LIGNE _de fond_, a sounding-line, or lead-line.
LIGNE _du fort_, the extreme breadth of a ship.
LIGNES, small cords or lines, used on several occasions at sea.
LIGNES _d’amarrage_, seisings, or lashings; also the cable-bends.
LINGUET, the pawl of a capstern.
LIOUBE, the scarf by which a jury-mast is attached to the stump of a
mast that has been carried away.
LISSE, or CARREAU, a name sometimes, but improperly, given to the
wales in general: it is only applied with propriety to the upper
ones, known by the name of rails, and to the wing-transom. See
CEINTES.
LISSE _de hourdi_, the wing-transom.
LISSE _de la rabbatue_, the sheer-rail, or drift-rail.
LISSE _du plat-bord_, the waist-rail.
LISSE _de pont_. See BARRE _du pont_.
LISSES _de porte-aubans_, the channel-rails.
LIT, the bed or channel in which a river runs.
LIT _de marée_, a tide-way, a part in the seas where a current flows,
or where there is a flux and reflux of the tide.
LIT _du vent_, the source or direction of the wind.
LIURE, the gammoning of the bowsprit.
LIVRE _à livre_, a phrase which implies a participation of gain or
loss of every owner of a ship’s cargo, in proportion to his share.
LOCH, or LOK, a log and line.
LOF, the weather-side of a ship, or that which is to windward of the
masts.
_Aller à_ LOF, to sail close to the wind.
_Bouter le_ LOF, to trim all sharp, to spring the luff.
_Etre au_ LOF, to be upon a wind, or close-hauled.
_Tenir le_ LOF, to keep the wind, or weather-gage of, to keep to
windward of.
LOF _au lof_, luff boy, luff! the order to steer the ship close to the
wind.
LOF _tout_, put the helm a-lee!
LOF _pour lof_, hard a-weather! the order to the helmsman to veer, or
wear, and bring the wind on the other side of the ship.
LOF is also the weather-clue of a sail; hence,
_Léve le_ LOF _de la grand voile_, or _léve le grand_ LOF! haul up the
weather-clue of the main-sail!
LOGE, the birth or cabin of an inferior officer.
LOIER, the wages or pay of a seaman.
LONGIS, the tressel-trees of the tops, &c.
LONGUEUR _de la quille, portant sur terre_, the length of the keel
upon a right line.
LONGUEUR _de l’étrave à l’étambord_, the length of a ship at the
height of the stem, or the distance between the top of the stem and
the top of the stern-post.
LONGUEUR _du cable_, a measure of 120 fathoms, usually called a
cable’s length at sea.
LOQUETS _d’écoutilles_, the hoops or clasps of the scuttles.
LOVER, or ROUER, to coil away a cable. See ROUER.
LOUVOYER, to ply to windward.
LOUVOYER _sur onze pointes_, to lie up, within eleven points of the
other tack, or to fall five points and a half from the wind.
_En_ LOUVOIANT _le vaisseau panche sur le côté_, to heel greatly, or
incline to one side, as the ship sails upon a wind.
LOXODROMIE, an oblique course in navigation, or a course which crosses
the meridians at equal and oblique angles.
LOXODROMIQUES, tables of difference of latitude and departure.
LUMIERE _du canon_, the touch-hole of a cannon.
LUMIERE _de pompe_, the hole in the side of a pump, through which the
water is discharged upon the deck, or into the pump-dale.
LUNETTE _d’approche, ou de long vue_, a telescope, or
perspective-glass.
LUZIN, a small line called housing, or house-line.
M.
MACHEMOURE, bread dust, formed of rusk, or broken biscuit.
MACHINE _à mater_, the sheers of a sheer-hulk, or other machine for
masting a ship.
MACLES, nettings of the quarters or sides of a ship.
MAESTRALISER, a name given to the west-variation of the magnetical
needle, in the Mediterranean.
MAGASIN _général_, a store-house, or magazine, to contain naval stores
in a dock-yard.
MAGASIN _particulier_, a store-house which contains the rigging and
cordage used for the king’s ships, magazines, &c.
MAGASINS, the store-ships which attend on a fleet of men of war.
MAHONNE, a sort of Turkish galeasse.
MAILLE, the keys or buttons by which a bonnet is fastened to its sail.
MAILLES, the intervals, or spaces, left between a ship’s timbers.
MAILLET _de calfas_, a calking mallet.
MAILLETAGE, the sheathing of a ship’s bottom with scupper-nails.
MAIN _avant_, the order to pull on a rope hand over hand.
MAJOR, an officer who has the charge of mounting, regulating, and
relieving the marine guard, in a ship, &c.
MAITRE-_canonnier_, the master-gunner of a ship.
_Second_ MAÎTRE-_canonnier_, the gunner’s mate.
MAÎTRE _de chaloupe_, the coxswain, or patroon of the long-boat.
MAÎTRE _de l’équipage_, or MAÎTRE _entretenu dans le port_, an officer
whose duty resembles that of our master-attendant in a dock-yard;
inasmuch as he has charge of whatever relates to the equipping,
mooring, or securing of ships; as well with regard to rigging,
arming, and fitting them for sea, as to the careening and floating
them out of the docks.
MAÎTRE _de grave_, a person appointed to take care of the salt cod,
when drying upon the stakes at Newfoundland.
MAÎTRE _de hache_. See CHARPENTIER.
MAÎTRE-_mateur_, the master mast-maker.
MAÎTRE _des ponts & des pertuis_, a master wherry-man, or waterman,
whose office it is to conduct the craft of a harbour through
bridges, or in any dangerous place.
MAÎTRE _de ports_, an harbour-master, or officer, appointed to take
care of a port, and its booms, and places of anchorage; to arrange
the shipping conveniently therein, and regulate their moorings with
regard to each other: he has also the command of the ordinary-men
employed about the rigging, careening, &c.
MAÎTRE _de ports_, is also an officer resembling our tide-surveyors of
the customs in an out-port.
MAÎTRE _de quai_, a principal wharf-master, or officer, appointed to
regulate the affairs of wharfs and keys, and the shipping moored
along-side thereof; to see that the fires are extinguished at night,
and that no fires be made in any ship or boat during the night; to
appoint the proper places for ballasting and unballasting vessels;
as also for careening, caulking, and repairing them, and tarring
their rigging; to place the light-houses, beacons, and buoys, where
necessary; to examine once a month, and after every storm, the usual
channels of passage for shipping, to see whether the ground has not
shifted.
MAÎTRE _de vaisseau_, or CAPITAINE, the master, or commander of a
merchant-ship.
MAÎTRE _de vaisseau de guerre_, the master of a ship of war.
MAÎTRE-_valet_, the ship’s steward.
MAL _de mer_, sea-sickness.
MALEBESTE, _malebéte_, or _petarasse_. See PETARASSE.
MALINE, a spring-tide.
MAL-_sain_, foul ground, bad anchor-ground.
MANCHE, a great channel; as, _la_ MANCHE _Britannique_, the English
channel; _la_ MANCHE _de_ Bristol, the channel of Bristol, &c.
MANCHE _à eau, ou_ MANCHE _pour l’eau_, a canvass or leathern hoase,
to convey water from the deck, into the casks which are stowed in
the hold.
MANCHE _de pompe_, the pump-hoase.
MANEAGE, a name given to those employments, or labours, for which the
crew of a ship can demand no additional pay of the merchant; such
are the lading a ship with planks, timber, or green, or dried fish.
MANEGE _du navire_, the general trim of a ship, with regard to the
situation of the masts, of the center of gravity, of the sails; and
to the efforts of the wind and sea.
_La lune à_ MANGÉ, _la lune_ MANGERA, the moon has eat them up, or
will eat them up; understood of the clouds: a cant phrase, usual
amongst common sailors, to express the dissipation of the clouds on
the rising of the moon.
_Etre_ MANGÉ _par la mer_, to be in the hollow or trough of a high
sea, which often breaks aboard.
MANGER _du sable_, to flog the glass, or cheat the glass; expressed of
the steersman, who turns the watch-glasses before they have run out,
to shorten the period of his watch.
_Tems_ MANIABLE, moderate weather, and wind favourable for sea.
MANIVELLE. See MANUELLE.
MANNE, a sort of hand-basket, used on several occasions in a ship.
MANŒUVRE, the working of a ship, or the direction of her movements, by
the power of the helm, and the disposition of the sails to the wind.
MANOEUVRE _basse_, the work or employment which may be performed upon
deck, by the effort of the ropes upon the sails and yards.
MANOEUVRE _fine_, a dextrous management of the ship in working her.
MANOEUVRE _grosse_, heavy and laborious work in a ship; as the
embarkation of the artillery and cables, and stowing of the anchors.
MANOEUVRE _hardie_, a difficult or dangerous undertaking in a ship.
MANOEUVRE _haute_, the employment of the sailors in the tops, at the
mast-heads, and upon the yards.
MANOEUVRE _tortue_, a lubberly or aukward manner of working a ship.
MANOEUVRER, to work a ship, or direct the movements of a fleet.
MANŒUVRES, a general name given to the rigging, sails, blocks, and
cordage of a ship: but more particularly to the standing and running
ropes.
MANOEUVRES _à queue de rat_, ropes which taper to the end; as the main
and fore-tacks.
MANOEUVRES _en bande_, slack ropes which are unemployed.
MANOEUVRES-_majors_, a name usually given to the largest ropes in a
ship; as the ground-tackling, and the principal stays.
MANOEUVRES _passees à contre_, ropes leading forward; as those of the
mizen-mast.
MANOEUVRES _passées a tour_, ropes leading aft.
MANŒUVRIER, an able or expert sea-officer; or one who is perfectly
skilled in working a ship by every method of sailing.
MANQUER, to fly loose; understood of a rope which is broke, or
loosened from the place where it was made fast, so as to be blown
out to leeward, &c.
MANTEAUX, two folding-doors in a bulk-head.
MANTELETS, the covers of the ports in a ship’s side; called also ports
in English, although improperly.
MANTURES, the rolling waves of the sea. See HOULES, LAMES, and _Coup
de_ MER.
MANUELLE, the whipstaff of a helm; an instrument which is now entirely
disused.
MAQUILLEUR, a decked boat, used for the fishery of mackarel.
MARABOUT, a sail hoisted in the gallies in stormy weather.
MARAIS _salans_, salt pits on the sea coast, or reservoirs to contain
sea-water, for the purpose of making salt.
MARANDER, a phrase of the common sailors in the channel, which implies
to steer easily.
MARCHE-PIED, the horse of any yard.
MARCHE-PIED is also a space about three fathoms broad, left on the
banks of a river, whereon to draw their boats ashore, &c.
MARCHER. See _Ordre de_ MARCHE.
MARCHER _dans les eaux d’un autre vaisseau_, to sail in the wake or
track of another ship; to follow another ship.
MARCHER _en colonne_, to sail in a line, or column.
MARÉAGE, the hire or pay of a sailor for any particular voyage.
MARÉES, the tides. See FLUX _& reflux_.
_Mortes_ MARÉES, neap-tides, or dead-neap.
MARÉES _qui portent au vent_, a wind-tide, or tide which runs to
windward.
MARÉES _& contre-marées_, tide and half-tide.
_La_ MARÉE _est haut_, it is high-water.
MARÉE _qui soutiennent_, a tide which counteracts the wind, with
regard to a ship’s course, enabling her to turn to windward better.
MARGOUILLET, a bull’s eye, or wooden traveller.
MARGUERITES, a name given to jiggers, or such sort of purchases, used
to pull a rope with greater effort.
_Faire_-MARGUERITE, to clap a messenger on the cable when the anchor
cannot be purchased by the voyal.
MARIN, a sea-faring man of any denomination.
MARINE, implies in general the knowledge of maritime affairs: also the
persons employed in the sea-service, &c.
_Gens de_ MARINE, seamen, fishermen, &c.
_Officiers de_ MARINE, sea-officers.
MARINIER, a name generally given to sailors; but more particularly to
lightermen.
MARITIME, marine: of, or belonging to, the sea.
_Batteaux_ MARNOIS, a yacht, hoy, or smack, employed on the rivers of
Marne and Seine.
MARQUES, the sea-marks observed by the pilots upon any coast; as
mountains, spires, windmills, &c.
MARSILIANE, a square-sterned ship, navigated on the gulf of Venice,
and along the coasts of Dalmatia. They are of several sizes; the
largest carrying about 700 tons.
MARTEAU _à dents_, a claw-hammer used by ship-wrights.
MARTICLES, or _lignes de trélingage_, a crow-foot, or complicated
span.
MARTICLES is also a name given by some to the furling-lines of small
sails.
MARTINET, is properly the runner or tye which is fastened to the
dead-eye of a crow-foot, used as a topping-lift for the mizen-yard.
MARTINET is also a general name for the haliards, or tail of a
crow-foot.
MASCARET, a violent eddy of the tide.
MASLES, the pintles, by which the rudder is hung upon the stern-post.
See FERRURE _de gouvernail_.
MASSE, a large iron maul, used by ship-wrights to drive the tree-nails
and bolts into the ship’s side: also a very long tiller used in some
lighters.
MASULIT, a sort of Indian boat, whose sides are composed of the bark
of trees, and which are calked with moss.
MAT, a mast. The principal masts of a ship are,
_Le grand_ MAT, the main-mast,
MAT _de misaine_, the fore-mast,
MAT _d’artimon_, the mizen-mast.
MAT _d’un brin_, a mast formed of one piece only; such are the
bow-sprit and top-masts of all ships, and all the masts of a small
vessel.
MAT _forcé_, a mast which, is sprung.
MAT _jumellé_, _reclampé_ or _renforcé_, a mast which is fished in a
weak place, or opposite to a spring.
MATS _de rechange_, spare top-masts, or masts in reserve.