The goods are to be padded in a solution of the sulphate or muriate of
manganese, of a strength proportional to the shade desired, dried in the
hot-flue, and then raised by wincing them in a boiling-hot caustic lye,
of spec. grav. 1·08, and next through a weak solution of chloride of
lime, or soda. They are afterwards rinsed. Instead of passing them
through the chloride, they may be merely exposed to the air till the
manganese attracts oxygen, then rinsed, and dried.
When the manganese solution has the density of 1·027, it gives a light
shade; at the density of 1·06, a shade of moderate depth, and at 1·12 a
dark tint.
The texture of the stuff is apt to be injured during the oxidation of
the manganese.
3. _Carmelite_ is obtained by padding in a mixture of muriate or
sulphate of manganese and acetate of iron, then proceeding as above.
4. _Copper green_ is given by padding in a mixed solution of sulphate
and acetate of copper with a little glue, drying in the hot-flue, and
next day padding in a caustic lye of spec. grav. 1·05. The goods are
then rinsed, and padded through a solution made with 8 ounces of
arsenious acid combined with 4 ounces of potash diluted with 2 gallons
of water. They are finally rinsed and dried.
5. Olive and cinnamon colours are given by padding through mixed
solutions of the acetate of iron and sulphate of copper; drying, and
padding in a caustic lye of spec. grav. 1·05.
6. _Green and solitaire_ form a pleasing umber, or hellebore shade,
which may be obtained by padding through a mixed solution of manganese
and aceto-sulphate of copper and raising the shades, as above
prescribed.