Although Yakoub Khan had ceased to beleaguer Candahar, he had withdrawn
from that fortress but a very short distance, and the position he had
taken up was of considerable strength. The Urgundab valley is separated
on the north-west from the Candahar plain by a long precipitous spur
trending south-west from the mountainous mass forming the eastern
boundary of the valley further north. Where the spur quits the main
range, due north of the city, the Murcha Pass affords communication
between the Candahar plain and the Urgundab valley. The spur, its summit
serrated by alternate heights and depressions, is again crossed lower
down by an easy pass known as the Babawali Kotul. It is continued beyond
this saddle for about a mile, still maintaining its south-westerly
trend, never losing its precipitous character, and steeply scarped on
its eastern face; and it finally ends in the plain in a steep descent of
several hundred feet. The section of it from the Babawali Kotul to its
south-western termination is known as the Pir Paimal hill, from a
village of that name in the valley near its extremity. Ayoub Khan had
made his camp near the village of Mazra, behind the curtain formed by
the spur described, and about a mile higher up in the valley than the
point at which the spur is crossed by the road over the Babawali Kotul.
He was thus, with that point artificially strengthened and defended by
artillery, well protected against a direct attack from the direction of
Candahar, and was exposed only to the risk of a turning movement round
the extremity of the Pir Paimal hill. Such a movement might be made the
reverse of easy. A force advancing to attempt it must do so exposed to
fire from the commanding summit of the Pir Paimal; around the base of
that elevation there were several plain villages, and an expanse of
enclosed orchards and gardens which strongly held were capable of
stubborn defence. In the valley behind the Pir Paimal hill there was the
lofty detached Kharoti hill, the fire from which would meet in the teeth
a force essaying the turning movement; and the interval between the two
hills, through which was the access to the Mazra camps, was obstructed
by deep irrigation channels whose banks afforded cover for defensive
fire, and could be swept by a cross fire from the hills on either flank.
[Illustration: Kandahar.]
Sir Frederick Roberts at a glance had perceived that a direct attack by
the Babawali Kotul must involve very heavy loss, and he resolved on the
alternative of turning the Afghan position. A reconnaissance was made on
the afternoon of the 31st by General Gough, accompanied by Colonel
Chapman. He penetrated to within a short distance of the village of Pir
Paimal, where it was ascertained that the enemy were strongly
entrenched, and where several guns were unmasked. A great deal of
valuable information was obtained before the enemy began to interfere
with the leisurely withdrawal. The cavalry suffered little, but the Sikh
infantry covering the retirement of the reconnaissance were hard pressed
by great masses of Afghan regulars and irregulars. So boldly did the
enemy come on that the third and part of the first brigade came into
action, and the firing did not cease until the evening. The enemy were
clearly in the belief that the reconnaissance was an advance in force
which they had been able to check and indeed drive in, and they were
opportunely audacious in the misapprehension that they had gained a
success. The information brought in decided the General to attack on the
following morning; and having matured his dispositions, he explained
them personally to the commanding officers in the early morning of
September 1st. The plan of attack was perfectly simple. The Babawali
Kotul was to be plied with a brisk cannonade and threatened by
demonstrations both of cavalry and infantry; while the first and second
brigades, with the third in reserve, were to turn the extremity of the
Pir Paimal hill, force the enemy's right in the interval between that
hill and the Kharoti eminence, take in reverse the Babawali Kotul, and
pressing on up the Urgundab valley, carry Ayoub Khan's principal camp at
Mazra. The Bombay cavalry brigade was to watch the roads over the Murcha
and Babawali Kotuls, supported by infantry and artillery belonging to
General Primrose's command, part of which was also detailed for the
protection of the city; and to hold the ground from which the Cabul
brigades were to advance. General Gough was to take the cavalry of the
Cabul column across the Urgundab, so as to reach by a wide circuit the
anticipated line of the Afghan retreat.
Soon after nine A.M. the forty-pounders on the right of Picquet hill
began a vigorous cannonade of the Babawali Kotul, which was sturdily
replied to by the three field-guns the enemy had in battery on that
elevation. It had been early apparent that the Ayoub's army was in great
heart, and apparently meditating an offensive movement had moved out so
far into the plain as to occupy the villages of Mulla Sahibdad opposite
the British right, and Gundigan on the left front of the British left.
Both villages were right in the fair way of Roberts' intended line of
advance; they, the adjacent enclosures, and the interval between the
villages were strongly held, and manifestly the first thing to be done
was to force the enemy back from those advanced positions. Two batteries
opened a heavy shell fire on the Sahibdad village, under cover of which
Macpherson advanced his brigade against it, the 2d Goorkhas and 92d
Highlanders in his first line. Simultaneously Baker moved out to the
assault of Gundigan, clearing the gardens and orchards between him and
that village, and keeping touch as he advanced with the first brigade.
The shell fire compelled the Afghan occupants of Sahibdad to lie close,
and it was not until they were near the village that Macpherson's two
leading regiments encountered much opposition. It was carried at the
bayonet point after a very stubborn resistance; the place was full of
ghazees who threw their lives away recklessly, and continued to fire on
the British soldiers from houses and cellars after the streets had been
cleared. The 92d lost several men, but the Afghans were severely
punished; it was reported that 200 were killed in this village alone.
While a detachment remained to clear out the village, the brigade under
a heavy fire from the slopes and crest of the Fir Paimal hill moved on
in the direction of that hill's south-western extremity, the progress of
the troops impeded by obstacles in the shape of dry water-cuts,
orchards, and walled enclosures, every yard of which was infested by
enemies and had to be made good by steady fighting.
While Macpherson was advancing on Sahibdad, Baker's brigade had been
pushing on through complicated lanes and walled enclosures toward the
village of Gundigan. The opposition experienced was very resolute. The
Afghans held their ground behind loopholed walls which had to be carried
by storm, and they did not hesitate to take the offensive by making
vigorous counter-rushes. Baker's two leading regiments were the 72d and
the 2d Sikhs. The left wing of the former supported by the 5th Goorkhas,
the old and tried comrades of the 72d, assailed and took the village.
Its right wing fought its way through the orchards between it and
Sahibdad, in the course of which work it came under a severe enfilading
fire from a loopholed wall which the Sikhs on the right were attempting
to turn. Captain Frome and several men had been struck down and the hot
fire had staggered the Highlanders, when their chief, Colonel Brownlow,
came up on foot. That gallant soldier gave the word for a rush, but
immediately fell mortally wounded. After much hard fighting Baker's
brigade got forward into opener country, but was then exposed to the
fire of an Afghan battery near the extremity of the Pir Paimal spur, and
to the attacks of great bodies of ghazees, which were withstood stoutly
by the Sikhs and driven off by a bayonet attack delivered by the
Highlanders.
The two brigades had accomplished the first part of their task. They
were now in alignment with each other; and the work before them was to
accomplish the turning movement round the steep extremity of the Pir
Paimal ridge. Macpherson's brigade, hugging the face of the elevation,
brought up the left shoulder and having accomplished the turning
movement, swept up the valley and carried the village of Pir Paimal by a
series of rushes. Here, however, Major White commanding the advance of
the 92d, found himself confronted by great masses of the enemy, who
appeared determined to make a resolute stand about their guns which were
in position south-west of the Babawali Kotul. Reinforcements were
observed hurrying up from Ayoub's standing camp at Mazra, and the Afghan
guns on the Kotul had been reversed so that their fire should enfilade
the British advance. Discerning that in such circumstances prompt action
was imperative, Macpherson determined to storm the position without
waiting for reinforcements. The 92d under Major White led the way,
covered by the fire of a field-battery and supported by the 5th
Goorkhas and the 23d Pioneers. Springing out of a watercourse at the
challenge of their leader, the Highlanders rushed across the open
ground. The Afghans, sheltered by high banks, fired steadily and well;
their riflemen from the Pir Paimal slopes poured in a sharp cross fire;
their guns were well served. But the Scottish soldiers were not to be
denied. Their losses were severe, but they took the guns at the point of
the bayonet, and valiantly supported by the Goorkhas and pioneers,
shattered and dispersed the mass of Afghans, which was reckoned to have
numbered some 8000 men. No chance was given the enemy to rally. They
were headed off from the Pir Paimal slopes by Macpherson. Baker hustled
them out of cover in the watercourses in the basin on the left, and
while one stream of fugitives poured away across the river, another
rolled backward into and through Ayoub's camp at Mazra.
While Macpherson had effected his turning movement close under the
ridge, Baker's troops on the left had to make a wider sweep before
bringing up the left shoulder and wheeling into the hollow between the
Pir Paimal and the Kharoti hill. They swept out of their path what
opposition they encountered, and moved up the centre of the hollow,
where their commander halted them until Macpherson's brigade on the
right, having accomplished its more arduous work, should come up and
restore the alignment. Baker had sent Colonel Money with a half
battalion away to the left to take possession of the Kharoti hill, where
he found and captured three Afghan guns. Pressing toward the northern
end of the hill, Money to his surprise found himself in full view of
Ayoub's camp, which was then full of men and in rear of which a line of
cavalry was drawn up. Money was too weak to attack alone and sent to
General Baker for reinforcements which, however, could not be spared
him, and the gallant Money had perforce to remain looking on while the
advance of Macpherson and Baker caused the evacuation of Ayoub's camp
and the flight of his cavalry and infantry toward the Urgundab. But the
discovery and capture of five more Afghan cannon near Babawali village
was some consolation for the enforced inaction.
Considerable numbers of Ayoub's troops had earlier pushed through the
Babawali Pass, and moved down toward the right front of General Burrows'
Bombay brigade in position about Picquet hill. Having assured himself
that Burrows was able to hold his own, Sir Frederick Roberts ordered
Macgregor to move the third brigade forward toward Pir Paimal village,
whither he himself rode. On his arrival there he found that the first
and second brigades were already quite a mile in advance. The battle
really had already been won but there being no open view to the front
General Ross, who commanded the whole infantry division, had no means of
discerning this result; and anticipating the likelihood that Ayoub's
camp at Mazra would have to be taken by storm, he halted the brigades to
replenish ammunition. This delay gave opportunity for the entire
evacuation of the Afghan camp, which when reached without any further
opposition and entered at one P.M. was found to be deserted. The tents
had been left standing; 'all the rude equipage of a half barbarous army
had been abandoned--the meat in the cooking pots, the bread half kneaded
in the earthen vessels, the bazaar with its _ghee_ pots, dried fruits,
flour, and corn.' Ayoub's great marquee had been precipitately
abandoned, and the fine carpets covering its floor were left. But in the
hurry of their flight the Afghans had found time to illustrate their
barbarity by murdering their prisoner Lieutenant Maclaine, whose body
was found near Ayoub's tent with the throat cut. To this deed Ayoub does
not seem to have been privy. The sepoys who were prisoners with Maclaine
testified that Ayoub fled about eleven o'clock, leaving the prisoners in
charge of the guard with no instructions beyond a verbal order that they
were not to be killed. It was more than an hour later when the guard
ordered the unfortunate officer out of his tent and took his life.
The victory was complete and Ayoub's army was in full rout.
Unfortunately no cavalry were in hand for a pursuit from the Mazra camp.
The scheme for intercepting the fugitive Afghans by sending the cavalry
brigade on a wide movement across the Urgundab, and striking the line of
their probable retreat toward the Khakrez valley, may have been
ingenious in conception, but in practice did not have the desired
effect. But Ayoub had been decisively beaten. He had lost the whole of
his artillery numbering thirty-two pieces, his camp, an immense quantity
of ammunition, about 1000 men killed; his army was dispersed, and he
himself was a fugitive with a mere handful along with him of the army of
12,000 men whom he had commanded in the morning.
The battle of Candahar was an effective finale to the latest of our
Afghan wars, and it is in this sense that it is chiefly memorable. The
gallant men who participated in the winning of it must have been the
first to smile at the epithets of 'glorious' and 'brilliant' which were
lavished on the victory. In truth, if it had not been a victory our arms
would have sustained a grave discredit. The soldiers of Roberts and
Stewart had been accustomed to fight and to conquer against heavy
numerical odds, which were fairly balanced by their discipline and the
superiority of their armament. But in the battle of Candahar the
numerical disparity was non-existent, and Ayoub had immensely the
disadvantage as regarded trained strength. His force according to the
reckoning ascertained by the British general, amounted all told to
12,800 men. The strength of the British force, not including the detail
of Bombay troops garrisoning Candahar, was over 12,000. But this army
12,000 strong, consisted entirely of disciplined soldiers of whom over
one-fifth were Europeans. The accepted analysis of Ayoub's army shows it
to have consisted of 4000 regular infantry, 800 regular cavalry, 5000
tribal irregular infantry of whom an indefinite proportion was no doubt
ghazees, and 3000 irregular horsemen. In artillery strength the two
forces were nearly equal. When it is remembered that Charasiah was won
by some 2500 soldiers of whom only about 800 were Europeans, contending
against 10,000 Afghans in an exceptionally strong position and well
provided with artillery, Sir Frederick Roberts' wise decision to make
assurance doubly sure in dealing with Ayoub at Candahar stands out very
strikingly. Perforce in his battles around Cabul he had taken risks, but
because those adventures had for the most part been successful he was
not the man to weaken the certainty of an all-important issue by
refraining from putting into the field every soldier at his disposal.
And he was wisely cautious in his tactics. That he was strong enough to
make a direct attack by storming the Babawali Kotul and the Pir Paimal
hill was clear in the light of previous experience. But if there was
more 'brilliancy' in a direct attack, there was certain to be heavier
loss than would be incurred in the less dashing turning movement, and
Sir Frederick with the true spirit of a commander chose the more
artistic and less bloody method of earning his victory. It did not cost
him dear. His casualties of the day were thirty-six killed including
three officers, and 218 wounded among whom were nine officers.
The battle of Candahar brought to a close the latest of our Afghan wars.
Sir Frederick Roberts quitted Candahar on the 9th September, and marched
to Quetta with part of his division. On the 15th October, at Sibi, he
resigned his command, and taking sick leave to England sailed from
Bombay on the 30th October. His year of hard and successful service in
Afghanistan greatly enhanced his reputation as a prompt, skilful, and
enterprising soldier.
* * * * *
The Pisheen and Sibi valleys are the sole tangible results remaining to
us of the two campaigns in Afghanistan sketched in the second part of
this volume--campaigns which cost the lives of many gallant men slain in
action or dead of disease, and involved the expenditure of about twenty
millions sterling. Lord Beaconsfield's vaunted 'scientific frontier,'
condemned by a consensus of the best military opinions, was rejected by
the Liberal Government which had recently acceded to power, whose
decision was that both the Khyber Pass and the Kuram valley should be
abandoned. On this subject Sir Frederick Roberts wrote with great
shrewdness: 'We have nothing to fear from Afghanistan, and the best
thing to do is to leave it as much as possible to itself. It may not be
very flattering to our _amour propre_, but I feel sure I am right when I
say that the less the Afghans see of us the less they will dislike us.
Should Russia in future years attempt to conquer Afghanistan, or invade
India through it, we should have a better chance of attaching the
Afghans to our interest if we avoid all interference with them in the
meantime.' During the winter of 1880-1 the Khyber and the Kuram were
evacuated by the British troops, the charge of keeping open and quiet
the former being entrusted to tribal levies paid by the Indian
Government.
So far, then, as regarded the north-western frontier, the _status quo
ante_ had been fallen back upon. But there was a keen difference of
opinion in regard to the disposition of the salient angle furnished by
Candahar. Throughout the British occupation and the negotiations with
Abdurrahman, the annexation of Candahar had been consistently
repudiated. The intention on our part announced was to separate it from
Cabul, and to place it under the independent rule of a Barakzai prince.
Such a prince had actually been appointed in Shere Ali Khan, and
although that incompetent Sirdar was wise enough to abdicate a position
for which he was not strong enough, this action did not relieve us from
our pledges against annexation. Nevertheless many distinguished men
whose opinions were abstractly entitled to weight, were strongly in
favour of our retention of Candahar. Among those were the late Lord
Napier of Magdala, Sir Henry Rawlinson, Sir Edward Hamley, Sir Donald
Stewart, and Sir Frederick Roberts. Among the authorities opposed to the
occupation of Candahar were such men as the late Lord Lawrence and
General Charles Gordon, Sir Robert Montgomery, Lord Wolseley, Sir Henry
Norman, Sir John Adye, and Sir Archibald Alison.
While the professional experts differed and while the 'Candahar debates'
in Parliament were vehement and prolonged, the issue, assuming that
fidelity to pledges was still regarded as a national virtue, was
perfectly clear and simple. In the frank words of Sir Lepel Griffin: 'We
could not have remained in Candahar without a breach of faith.' And he
added with unanswerable force: 'Our withdrawal was in direct accordance
with the reiterated and solemn professions which I had been instructed
to make, and the assurances of the Government of India to the chiefs and
people of Cabul.... The wisdom of the policy of retiring from Candahar
may be a fair matter for argument, but it was one on which both
Governments were agreed. I am convinced that withdrawal, after our
public assurances, was the only practicable policy.'
Lord Ripon acted on his instructions 'to keep in view the paramount
importance of effecting a withdrawal from Candahar on the earliest
suitable occasion.' The abdication of the Wali Shere Ali Khan cleared
the air to some extent. A British garrison under the command of General
Hume wintered in Candahar. Ayoub Khan was a competitor for the rulership
of the southern province, but he received no encouragement, and after
some negotiation the Ameer Abdurrahman was informed that Candahar was
reincorporated with the kingdom of Afghanistan, and it was intimated to
him that the capital would be given over to the Governor, accompanied by
a suitable military force, whom he should send. On the 1st of April an
Afghan force entered Candahar, followed presently by Mahomed Hassan
Khan, the Governor nominated by the Ameer. General Hume soon after
marched out, and after halting for a time in the Pisheen valley to watch
the course of events in Candahar, he continued his march toward India.
The restless Ayoub did not tamely submit to the arrangement which gave
Candahar to Abdurrahman. Spite of many arduous difficulties, spite of
lack of money and of mutinous troops, he set out toward Candahar in July
1881. Mahomed Hassan marched against him from Candahar, and a battle was
fought at Maiwand on the anniversary of the defeat of General Burrows on
the same field. Ayoub was the conqueror, and he straightway took
possession of the capital and was for the time ruler of the province.
But Abdurrahman, subsidised with English money and English arms, hurried
from Cabul, encountered Ayoub outside the walls of Candahar, and
inflicted on him a decisive defeat. His flight to Herat was followed up,
he sustained a second reverse there, and took refuge in Persia.
Abdurrahman's tenure of the Cabul sovereignty had been at first
extremely precarious; but he proved a man at once strong, resolute, and
politic. In little more than a year after his accession he was ruler of
Shere Ali's Afghanistan; Candahar and Herat had both come to him, and
that without very serious exertion. He continues to reign quietly,
steadfastly, and firmly; and there never has been any serious friction
between him and the Government of India, whose wise policy is a studied
abstinence from interference in the internal affairs of the Afghan
kingdom.
* * * * *
INDEX
A.
ABDOOLAH JAN, to be Shere Ali's successor.
ABDURRAHMAN, the Ameer, son of Afzul Khan, the eldest son of Dost
Mahomed, his early career; his connection with Russia; sounded by the
British Government; Sir Lepel Griffin's mission to; enters Afghanistan;
recognised as Ameer; defeats Ayoub Khan; his subsequent reign.
ADAM, Major.
ADVE, Sir John, against keeping Candahar.
AFGHANISTAN, events in, previous to the first Afghan war; 'a bundle of
provinces;' its condition under Abdurrahman.
AFGHAN WAR, FIRST, the responsibility for; objects of and preparations
for.
AFGHAN WAR, SECOND, the policy of England leading to; the force employed
in; tangible results to England.
AFREEDI HILLMEN oppose Pollock.
AFZUL KHAN, the Ameer, eldest son of Dost Mahomed, and father of
Abdurrahman.
ARMED KHEL, battle of.
AIREY, Captain, a hostage.
AKBAR KHAN, son of Dost Mahomed, joins his father with a force; covers
his father's retreat; in Khooloom; among the Ghilzais; in Cabul;
negotiations with Macnaghten; interview with and murder of Macnaghten;
forecast of his intentions; meets the retreating British army at
Bootkhak, his demands; conduct to the fugitives; offers to treat;
invests Jellalabad; resistance to Pollock; treatment of his captives;
sends the body of Elphinstone to Jellalabad.
AKRAM KHAN put to death by Timour.
ALI KHEL.
ALI MUSJID FORT, the, key of the Khyber pass; partially destroyed; Sir
Sam Browne's attack upon.
ALISON, Sir Archibald, against keeping Candahar.
AMEENOOLLA KHAN, an Afghan chief.
AMEER. See SHERE ALI, YAKOUB KHAN, ABDURRAHMAN, AFZUL KHAN.
ANDERSON, Captain, skirmish with the Ghilzais.
ANDERSON, Mrs, her child.
ANQUETIL, Brigadier, in command of Shah Soojah's contingent; exertions
during the retreat; replaces Shelton in command.
APPLEYARD, at Sir S. Browne's attack upon Ali Musjid.
ASMAI HEIGHTS, the, Afghans driven from; reoccupied; beacon on;
fortified by Sir F. Roberts.
ASU KHAN.
ATTA MAHOMED KHAN, overcome by General Nott.
ATTOCK RIVER, the.
AUCKLAND, Lord; becomes Governor-General of India 1836, his undecided
policy; treatment of Dost Mahomed's appeal; his policy becomes warlike;
treaty with Runjeet Singh and Shah Soojah; determines to support Shah
Soojah with an army; objects of the expedition; the Simla manifesto;
disagreement with Macnaghten; forbids an expedition against Herat; the
Home Government presses the reconsideration of the Afghan questions;
after the disasters; has the credit of Pollock's appointment.
AUSHAR; Massy at.
AYOUB KHAN, brother of Yakoub, in command of Herat regiments; in
possession of Herat; his victory at Maiwand; besieges Cabul; shifts to
Mazra; defeated by Sir F. Roberts; drives Mahomed Hassan out of
Candahar, defeated by Abdurrahman.
B.
BABA WALI KOTUL, pass of the; cannonaded; village of.
BACKHOUSE, Captain, on the council of war at Jellalabad; his diary.
BADAKSHAN.
BADIABAD, the fort of, the captives at the.
BAGHWANA, guns abandoned at; recovered.
BAHADUR KHAN refuses to furnish forage.
BAJGAH.
BAKER, Brigadier-General; battle of Charasiah; pursues the mutinous
sepoys; in the Maidan valley; marches to Sherpur; takes the
Takht-i-Shah; in the attack on the cantonments; takes the Meer Akhor
fort; in the Great March; his position at Candahar, the battle.
BALKH.
BALLA HISSAR, the; evacuated; Cavagnari at; Sir F. Roberts at;
explosions in, evacuated; road cut through.
BAMIAN, hill country of; Abdurrahman defeated by Yakoub Khan at.
BARAKZAI TRIBE, the.
BARTER, Brigadier-General, commands the infantry at Ahmed Khel.
BEACONSFIELD, Lord, 'scientific frontier'.
BEHMAROO RIDGE; village of.
BELLEW, Captain, at the storming of the Rikabashee fort.
BELOOCH PROVINCES, the.
BENI BADAM, Baker treacherously attacked at.
BENI HISSAR.
BENTINCK, Lord William; his opinion of the first Afghan expedition.
BERLIN, Treaty of.
BHAWULPORE.
BHURTPORE.
BIDDULPH, General, in command of the Quetta force.
BIRD, Lieutenant, at the storming of the Rikabashee fort.
BOKHARA.
BOLAN PASS, the.
BOOTKHAK.
BOYD, Mrs, in the retreat.
BROADFOOT, Captain George, his sappers; in the Gundamuk council of war;
garrison engineer at Jellalabad; urges Sale to hold the place; his
account of the council of war.
BROADFOOT, with Fraser's Bengal Cavalry, killed at Purwan Durrah.
BROADFOOT, William, Secretary to Sir A. Burnes, murdered with him.
BROOKE, Brigadier-General, killed in attack on Deh Khoja.
BROWNE, Sir Sam, in command of the Khyber column; attack on the Ali
Musjid; reports the death of Shere Ali; receives Yakoub Khan; commands
in 'the Death March'.
BROWNLOW, Colonel, of the 72d Highlanders, in the attack on the
cantonments; killed in the battle of Candahar.
BROUGHTON, Lord. _See_ SIR JOHN CAM HOBHOUSE.
BRYDON, Dr, sole survivor of the Khyber disaster.
BURNES, Sir Alexander, sent by Lord Auckland to Cabul; favourable to
Dost Mahomed, reprimanded by his superiors, leaves Cabul; re-enters with
Shah Soojah; his opinion of Shah Soojah's ministers; advice to
Macnaghten; his character; murdered; revenged.
BURROWS, Brigadier-General, in the Maiwand disaster; in the battle of
Candahar.
BUTLER'S, Lady, picture.
BUTSON, Captain, killed at Sherpur.
C.
CABUL, PASS OF KHOORD; description of, slaughter in; Pollock's army
marches up.
CABUL, Shah Soojah ousted from the throne of; Shah Soojah re-enters;
British troops in; Dost Mahomed surrenders at; murder of Burnes at; Shah
Soojah murdered at; Nott arrives at; punished; Cavagnari at; the Sherpur
cantonments, north of; Roberts near; Mahomed Jan plans to take;
hostility of villages round; Mushk-i-Alum governor of; re-occupied by
Roberts; fortifications and communications improved; Sir Lepel Griffin
arrives at; holds a durbar at.
CAMPBELL, sent by Shah Soojah to assist Burnes, fails.
CANDAHAR, siege of, by Shah Soojah, relieved by Dost Mahomed; entered by
Shah Soojah and Keane; occupied by British troops; independent province
of; Timour, Shah Soojah's viceroy at; British troops to leave; Nott in;
Afghans beaten off; General Stuart's march on; evacuated; to be
separated from Cabul; Shere Ali Khan governor of; Burrow's army
withdrawn into; Sir F. Roberts marches on; arrives at; battle of;
question of retention of; battle between Abdurrahman and Ayoub Khan at.
CAVAGNARI, Sir Louis; ineffectual attempt to enter Cabul; correspondence
with Yakoub Khan; at Cabul, his character; the massacre.
CHAMBERLAIN, Sir Neville, abortive attempt to enter Afghanistan as
Envoy.
CHAMBERS, Colonel, defeats the Ghilzais.
CHAPMAN, Colonel (now Major-General) E. F., chief of the staff; in the
Great March; reconnaissance before the battle of Candahar.
CHARASIAH, battle of.
CHARDEH VALLEY, the.
CHARIKAR, capital of the Kohistan, troops quartered in; disaster of;
punishment of; Abdurrahman arrives at.
CHISHOLM, Captain, wounded at the Seah Sung ridge.
CLARK, Lieutenant-Colonel.
CLELAND, gallant conduct of.
CLERK, Mr, demands right of way through the Punjaub.
CLIBBORN, Colonel, defeated by Beloochees.
COBBE, leads the attack of the Peiwar Kotul.
CODRINGTON, commandant of Charikar; killed; revenged.
COMMISSARIAT FORT, the.
CONOLLY, Lieutenant John; a hostage.
COOK, Major, V.C., of the Goorkha regiment, killed at the Takht-i-Shah.
COTTON, Sir Willoughby, commands first infantry division; on the march
to Cabul; in chief command in Afghanistan; a respectable nonentity.'.
CRAIGIE, defence of Khelat-i-Ghilzai.
CRISPIN, with Eraser's Bengal Cavalry, killed at Purwan Durrah.
CRUICKSHANK, Captain, killed at the attack on Deh Khoja.
CUNYNGHAM, Lieutenant Dick, V.C., gallant conduct at the Takht-i-Shah.
CUTCH.
D.
DADUR, in.
DAKKA.
DAOUD SHAH, Yakoub Khan's general; accompanies the Ameer to Roberts'
camp.
DEH-I-AFGHAN, a suburb of Cabul.
DEH KHATI.
DEH KHOJA.
DEH MAZUNG.
DEHRAWAT.
DEIG.
DENNIE, Colonel, of the 13th, at the taking of Ghuznee; in command at
Bamian; replaces Sale in command; heads a sortie from Jellalabad; in the
council of war; commands the centre at the great sortie and is killed.
DENNIS, Colonel.
DODGIN, Captain, valour in the retreat.
DOORANEES, the.
DOST MAHOMED, origin; early career; asks for terms; forsaken by his
troops; a fugitive; in Bokhara and Khooloom; at Bamian and Kohistan;
surrenders to Macnaghten; sent into British India; to be allowed to
return to Afghanistan; his return to his sovereignty; dies.
DREW, Colonel, enters the Peiwar Kotul.
DUNCAN, General.
DUNDAS, Captain, killed at Sherpur.
DUNHAM-MASSY, Brigadier-General.
DURAND, on the siege of Herat; on Lord Auckland's manifesto; on
Macnaghten's appointment; at siege of Ghuznee; on the restoration of
Shah Soojah; on Dost Mahomed's surrender; on the retreat on Jellalabad;
on Macnaghten's ill-faith.
E.
EDWARDES, Sir Henry, on Lord Auckland's manifesto.
ELLENBOROUGH, Lord, on Sale's brigade; first manifesto; vacillations;
orders the removal of the gates of Somnath from Sultan Mahmoud's tomb;
reception of the returning armies.
ELLIS, Mr, British Envoy to Persia.
ELPHINSTONE, General; succeeds Cotton in chief command; his character
and infirmities; orders Sale to return to Cabul; about to leave India;
orders the abandonment of the Commissariat fort; the Duke of
Wellington's verdict on his position; hopeless; 'scents treachery';
calls upon Pottinger to open negotiations; in the retreat; consents to
hand over the ladies; and their husbands; refuses Akbar's proposal that
the Europeans should lay down their arms; conference; made a hostage; at
Jugdulluk; death.
ELPHINSTONE, Mr, on the Afghan expedition.
ENGLAND, Brigadier, defeated at the Kojuk pass.
EVATT, Surgeon-Major, on the 'Death March.'
EYRE, Vincent, opinion on Shelton's defeat at Behmaroo; description of
the sufferings of the retreat; his 'Captivity.'.
F.
FANE, Sir Harry, Commander-in-Chief; heads the expedition to Cabul.
FARRINGTON, routs Uktar Khan at Zemindawar.
FEROZEPORE.
FORBES, Lieutenant, of the 92d Highlanders, killed at the Takht-i-Shah.
FRASER'S BENGAL CAVALRY at Purwan Durrah.
FROME, Captain, killed in the battle of Candahar.
FUTTEHABAD.
FUTTEH ALI, Shah of Persia.
FUTTEH JUNG, second son and successor of Shah Soojah; abdicates.
FUTTEH KHAN, eldest brother of Dost Mahomed, his fate.
G.
GALBRAITH, Colonel, killed at Maiwand.
GARMAO HILLS, the.
GHAZEES.
GHILZAIS, the; description of; brave conduct of under the 'Gooroo,';
gain terms from Macgregor; attack Sale's force; slaughter by, in the
Khoord Cabul; hang on the rear of the retreat; slaughter by, at
Jugdulluk; attack Pollock; harass Money.
GHIRISHK.
GHUZNEE. siege of; occupied by British troops; surrendered to the
Afghans; retaken by Nott.
GOAD, Captain, killed.
GOOL MAHOMED KHAN.
GOORKHA REGIMENTS.
GOOROO, the Ghilzai leader.
GORDON, Colonel, his command in the attack on the Spingawai and Peiwar
Kotuls.
GORDON, General Charles, against keeping Candahar.
GOREBUND RIVER, the.
GORTSCHAKOFF.
GOUGH, Captain, with the 9th Lancers; in the charge of December 11th.
GOUGH, General Charles.
GOUGH, General Hugh.
GRANT, Dr, gallant conduct at Charikar.
GREEN, in the Retreat.
GRENADIERS, 1st, the.
GRIFFIN, Sir Lepel, his mission to arrange for the succession to Yakoub
Khan; on the retention of Candahar.
GRIFFITHS, Major, gallant march from Kubbar-i-Jubbar; storms Mahomed
Shereef's fort.
GUIDES, the; in the attack on the Beni-Hissar.
GUL KOH RIDGE, the.
GUNDAMUK, Sale's council of war at; final tragedy of the Retreat near;
evacuated; Pollock's troops concentrate at; treaty of 1879; conclusion
of.
GUNDIGAN.
GWAGA PASS, the.
H.
HABIB KILLA.
HADJI KHAN KHAKUR.
HAINES, Sir F., Commander-in-Chief.
HALL, Captain.
HAMILTON, Lieutenant W. R. P., V.C., with Cavagnari at Cabul; killed.
HAMLEY, Sir Edward, in favour of keeping Candahar.
HANZ-I-MADAT.
HARDY, Lieutenant, killed.
HASSAN ABDUL.
HASSAN KHAN, governor of Maidan, killed.
HAUGHTON, desperately wounded in the Charikar disaster.
HAVELOCK, Captain Henry, aide-de-camp to Sir W. Cotton; on Shah Soojah's
reception in Candahar; description of Shah Soojah; staff officer to
Sale; authenticates Broadfoot's account of Sale's council of war at
Jellalabad; in the great sortie from Jellalabad.
HAY, at the siege of Ghuznee.
HAZARAS, horde of.
HELMUND RIVER, the.
HENSMAN, Mr; on the defence of Sherpur; on the battle of Ahmed Khel; on
Abdurrahman.
HERAT, Persia and; siege of, by the Persians; independent; Macnaghten
presses for an expedition against; Ayoub Khan in; Ayoub driven from, by
Abdurrahman.
HIGHLANDERS, the 72d and 92d.
HILLS, Major-General, governor of Cabul.
HINDOO KOOSH, the.
HOBHOUSE, Sir John Cam, Lord Broughton, president of the Board of
Control, claims the responsibility of the first Afghan war in 1851,
contradictory statement in 1842.
HUFT KOTUL, the; last stand of the Afghans at.
HUGHES, Brigadier-General, at Ahmed Khel.
HUME, General.
HYDERABAD.
HYDER KHAN, son of Dost Mahomed, and governor of Ghuznee, taken
prisoner.
HYDRABAD.
I.
INDIAN CONTINGENT in the Mediterranean, the.
INDIKEE, mutinous sepoys captured in.
INDUS, the.
IRRAWADY, the.
ISTALIF, a Kohistan village destroyed.
JACOB'S RIFLES (30th Native Infantry) at the Maiwand disaster.
JADRAN.
JAZEE, Anderson encounters Ghilzais at.
JELLALABAD; British troops quartered in; march on resolved upon;
Durand's opinion of; Akbar's conditions for the evacuation of; defence
of; Pollock at; Elphinstone buried at; partially destroyed; Sir S.
Browne's camp near; disaster to the 10th Hussars near.
JENKINS, Colonel, of the Guides; storms the Asmai heights; adroit
evacuation of Asmai heights.
JENKINS, William, Secretary to Cavagnari.
JOHNSON, Captain, in charge of the Treasury at Cabul; hostage; arranges
the redemption of the captives.
JOHNSON, Colonel Alured, commands the artillery in the Great March.
JUBBUR KHAN, brother to Dost Mahomed, 28; in charge of Dost Mahomed's
family at Khooloom.
JUGDULLUK VALLEY, the; retreating column harassed at; slaughter at;
captives arrive at; Pollock engaged with Ghilzais at.
JULGAH FORT, the, Sale fails to take.
JUMROOD.
K.
KAMRAN, Shah of Herat.
KAREZAH.
KAREZ HILL, the.
KAREZ MEER.
KARRACK.
KATA KUSTIA.
KATTIAWAR.
KAUFMANN, General.
KAYE, Sir John; history of the Afghan war; opinion of Burnes; account of
Macnaghten's murder.
KEANE, Sir John, Commander-in-Chief of the Bombay army; marches towards
Hyderabad; his character; marches on Cabul; siege of Ghuznee; camp near
Cabul.
KELLY, Dr Ambrose, with Cavagnari.
KERSHAW, at siege of Ghuznee.
KHAKREZ VALLEY, the.
KHAROTI HILL, the.
KHEL AKHUND.
KHELAT; occupied by Nott.
KHELAT, Khans of. See MEERAB, NUSSEER.
KHELAT-I-GHILZAI; occupied by Nott; garrisoned; garrison withdrawn; one
of the stages on the Great March.
KHIG.
KHIVA.
KHODA BUXSH.
KHOOLOOM; Akbar at.
KHOOLOOM, Wali of.
KHOST VALLEY, the.
KHUSHK-I-NAKHUD, skirmish at.
KHYBER-Jellalabad-Gundamuk route, the.
KHYBER PASS, the; the clans of; Ghilzais intercept the communication by;
Wild fails to force; Pollock marches through; Cavagnari turned back
from; question of the retention of; evacuated.
KILLA ABDOOLLA.
KILLA KAZEE; Massy at.
KING'S GARDEN, the, at Cabul.
KNOWLES.
KOHDAMAN.
KOH-I-NOOR, the, taken by Runjeet Singh from Shah Soojah.
KOHISTAN, Dost Mahomed in.
KOJUK PASS, the; Brigadier England repulsed at.
KOKORAN.
KOLUM-DIL-KHAN.
KOTWAL OF CABUL, the, tried for the massacre of Cavagnari, etc.
KONDOOZ.
KOTTREE.
KUBBAR-I-JUBBAR.
KURAM VALLEY, the.
KURDURRAH.
KUSHI; General Roberts meets Yakoub Khan at.
KUTTI SUNG.
L.
LAHORE, Mr Clerk at.
LAKE.
LANCERS, the 9th.
LANCERS, Bengal, the.
LAWRENCE, Captain, warns Macnaghten; made prisoner; sends messages from
the chiefs to Elphinstone; description of the retreat; made hostage; in
captivity.
LAWRENCE, Lord, his 'masterly inactivity;' against keeping Candahar.
LEACH, Major.
LOCKHART.
LOGUR VALLEY, the; plain; river.
LOODIANAH, Shah Soojah's refuge in.
LORD, Dr, political officer in the Bamian district; killed at Purwan
Durrah.
LOVEDAY, Lieutenant, political officer at Khelat, barbarously murdered.
LUGHMAN VALLEY, the.
LUGHMANEE, Pottinger besieged in.
LUNDI KOTUL.
LUTTABUND.
LYTTON, Lord, Viceroy, 1876; his instructions; ratifies the treaty of
Gunda-Gundamuk; prepares to revenge Cavagnari; decides that Yakoub Khan
does not return to Afghanistan; recommends Abdurrahman.
M.
MACGREGOR, Brigadier-General Charles, C. B., chief of Sir F. Roberts'
staff; recovers the guns at Baghwana; in the Great March; in the battle
of Candahar.
MACGREGOR, Major, deceived by the Ghilzai chief of Tezeen; Sale's
adviser.
MACKENZIE, Captain Colin, at the defeat of Dost Mahomed near Bamian;
gallant conduct of; with Macnaghten; a hostage; story of the Retreat.
MACKENZIE, Captain Stuart, gallant conduct of.
MACKESON, political officer at Peshawur.
MACKRELL, Colonel, killed at the storming of the Rikabashee fort.
MACLAINE, Lieutenant, of the Horse Artillery, in the Maiwand disaster;
taken prisoner; murdered.
MACLAREN.
MACNAGHTEN, Lady; in the Retreat.
MACNAGHTEN, Sir William Hay, envoy to Shah Soojah, influence with Lord
Auckland; his use of bribery; on the reception of the Shah at Candahar;
enters Cabul with Shah Soojah; convinced of the Shah's popularity; real
sovereign of Afghanistan; his mistakes; relations with the Ghilzais;
consents to the abandonment of the Balla Hissar; relations with Herat;
nervous about the communication; relation with Dost Mahomed; proposes to
put a price on his head; receives his surrender; his peculiar
temperament; his finance; discovers the unpopularity of the Shah; his
conduct to the 'Gooroo' and Ghilzais; appointed Governor of Bombay;
called upon to retrench; his conduct to Elphinstone; despatches Sale;
his quarters at Cabul; demands the reduction of the Rikabashee fort;
depression; negotiation about the Retreat; murdered.
MACPHERSON, Brigadier-General; in the December operations round Cabul;
in the Great March; in the battle of Candahar.
MAHMOOD KHAN, fort of.
MAHMOUD SHAH, brother of Shah Soojah.
MAHOMED HASSAN KHAN, Abdurrahman's governor of Candahar, defeated by
Ayoub.
MAHOMED JAN, a Warduk general, defends the Asmai heights; attacked by
Massy and Macpherson; attack on the Sherpur cantonments.
MAHOMED MEERZA, Shah of Persia, his ambition, designs on Herat.
MAHOMED SHAH KHAN, Akbar's lieutenant.
MAHOMED SHEREEF, fort of.
MAHOMED SURWAR, agent of Sir Lepel Griffin.
MAHOMED ZEMAUN KHAN.
MAIDAN PLAIN, the.
MAINWARING, Mrs, in the Retreat.
MAIWAND; disaster at; battle at, between Mahomed Hassan and Ayoub.
MANDERSON.
MANGAL.
MARSHALL, Colonel, routs Nusseer Khan.
MASSY, Brigadier-General; occupies the Shutargurdan pass; takes
possession of the Sherpur cantonments; in the attack on Mahomed Jan; in
the defence of the Sherpur cantonments.
MAUDE, General.
MAULE, Lieutenant.
MAZRA; Ayoub's camp at, during battle of Candahar.
M'CASKILL, Brigadier-General, with Pollock; in the last skirmishes.
MEER AKHOR FORT, the, blown up.
MEER BUTCHA, a chief of Kohistan.
MEERZA AHMED, a Dooranee chief.
MEHRAB, Khan of Khelat.
MICHNAI PASS, the.
M'Neill, British Envoy to Persia.
MOHUN LAL, agent for Macnaghten's 'blood money.'
MONEY, Colonel, left to hold the Shutargurdan pass; brought out by
Gough; in the battle of Candahar.
MONTEATH, Colonel, sent against the Ghilzais; in the council of war at
Jellalabad; at the great sortie.
MONTENARO, Captain, killed at the Meer Akhor fort.
MONTGOMERY, Sir Robert, against keeping Candahar.
MOOKOOR.
MOOLLA SHIKORE, Shah Soojah's minister.
MOOLTAN.
MOORE, Elphinstone's servant.
MORGAN.
MULLA SAHIBDAD.
MUNDABAD.
MURCHA PASS.
MUSA KHAN, heir of Yakoub Khan.
MUSHAKI.
MUSHK-I-ALUM, a Moulla of Ghuznee; his influence; governor of Cabul,
fires the beacon on the Asmai heights.
MUSTAPHI, the, punished for the Cavagnari massacre.
N.
NAGHLOO.
NANUCHEE PASS, the.
NAPIER, Lieutenant Scott, of the 92d Highlanders.
NAPIER, Lord, of Magdala, in favour of keeping Candahar.
NEK MAHOMED KHAN, Afghan commander at the battle of Charasiah.
NEPAUL.
NEVILLE, of the Bengal Lancers.
NICHOLL, Captain, his heroism in the Retreat.
NIJRAO.
NORMAN, Sir Henry, against keeping Candahar.
NORTHBROOK, Lord, relations with Shere Ali.
NOTT, General; in command at Candahar; occupies Khelat; his character;
discipline; disagrees with Macnaghten; receives orders from Elphinstone
to evacuate Candahar, refuses to obey; fighting with Meerza Ahmed; his
letter to Brigadier England; Lord Ellenborough repeats orders to
evacuate Candahar, obeys; marches towards Cabul; drives Afghans out of
Ghuznee; refuses to aid in the rescue of the prisoners.
NUGENT, Lieutenant, killed.
NUSSEER, Khan of Khelat.
NUTTALL, General.
O.
OLDFIELD, Captain, in the Council of War at Jellalabad.
ORENBURG.
OSMAN KHAN.
OUTRAM pursues Dost Mahomed; raid on the Ghilzais.
P.
PALLISER, Brigadier-General.
PALMER, Colonel, tortured.
PALMERSTON'S, Lord, ultimatum to Persia.
PANJSHIR RIVER, the.
PASKEVITCH, General.
PATHANS.
PEAT, Captain, at siege of Ghuznee.
PEIWAR PASS, the.
PELLY, Sir Lewis, at the conference of Peshawur.
PEROFFSKY.
PERSIA, relations between Great Britain and.
PESHAWUR.
PESHBOLAK.
PETROFFSKY, a Russian writer.
PHAYRE, Brigadier-General.
PICQUET HILL, the, attacked by Ayoub Khan.
PIONEERS, the.
PISHEEN VALLEY, the; retained by us.
POLLOCK, General; arrives in Peshawur; at Jellalabad; his
qualifications; his work; the rescue and retribution; contrast between
Nott and; arrives at Cabul; punishment of Cabul.
PONSONBY, with Fraser's Bengal Cavalry in Purwan Durrah.
POOLE, Captain, wounded.
POTTINGER, Major, defends Herat against the Persians; warns Macnaghten
of the danger in Kohistan; in the disaster at Charikar; conducts
negotiations for the retreat; a hostage.
POWELL, Captain, killed.
POYNDAH KHAN, father to Dost Mahomed.
PRIMROSE, General; in the battle of Candahar.
PUNJAUB REGIMENTS.
PUNJAUB, the.
PURWAN DURRAH VALLEY, the.
Q.
QUETTA; occupied.
R.
RATTRAY.
RAWLINSON, Sir Henry; his warnings to Macnaghten; Macnaghten's orders
to, respecting Uktar Khan; in favour of retaining Candahar.
RAWUL PINDI.
RHOTAS HEIGHTS, the.
RIKABASHEE FORT, the.
RIPON, Marquis of, Viceroy; in favour of the settlement with
Abdurrahman; sanctions General Roberts' March on Candahar.
ROBAT, Great March ends at.
ROBERTS, Colonel.
ROBERTS, Sir Frederick, in command of the Kuram column; his scheme of
operations; battle of the Peiwar Kotul; his previous career; with the
army of invasion; battle of Charasiah; at Cabul; revenge for Cavagnari;
intercourse with Yakoub Khan; in the Sherpur cantonment; active
operations round Cabul; on the defensive in Sherpur; the Great March on
Candahar; battle of Candahar; in favour of keeping Candahar.
ROREE.
ROSE, Ensign, in the retreat from Charikar.
ROSS, Major-General John; in the Great March; in the battle of Candahar.
RUNJEET SINGH Sikh ruler of the Punjaub, treatment of Shah Soojah;
occupies Peshawur; death.
RUSSIA, relations with Persia; policy towards Dost Mahomed; Afghanistan
to be used as a 'buffer state' between British India and; Russo-Turkish
war; relations with Abdurrahman; opinion of Roberts on Afghanistan and.
S.
SAFI TRIBE, the, engage Macpherson.
SALE, Lady, her journal; account of the Retreat; Akbar's kindness to.
SALE, Sir Robert; at siege of Ghuznee; in command at Cabul; chastises
the Kohistanees; his character; fighting in the Khoord Cabul at
Bootkhak; at Gundamuk; occupies Jellalabad; defence of Jellalabad;
fighting with the Ghilzais at Jugdulluk; ordered to rescue captives.
SALEH MAHOMED KHAN, arranges the escape of the captives.
SALISBURY, Lord.
SANGBUR.
SCINDE.
SCOTT, Major.
SCHUYLER, Mr Eugene, interviews Abdurrahman.
SEAH SUNG HEIGHTS, the.
SEH BABA.
SEISTAN, province of.
SHAFTO, Captain, killed at the Balla Hissar.
SHAGAI RIDGE, the.
SHAH BAGH, the.
SHAHBAZ KHAN.
SHAHJUI.
SHAHLEZ.
SHAKESPEAR, Sir Richmond.
SHEIKABAD.
SHELTON. Brigadier, arrives at Jellalabad; character; at Cabul; receives
contradictory orders from Macnaghten; in the Balla Hissar; takes the
Rikabashee fort; opposes the removal of the troops into the Balla
Hissar; attacks Bemaroo; commands the main body in the Retreat; his
dogged valour; a hostage.
SHER-DERWAZA HEIGHTS, the.
SHERE ALI, the Ameer, son of Dost Mahomed, accession and character;
refuses to receive a Resident; negotiations with Lord Lytton; cordial
reception of the Russians, refuses to receive Sir Neville Chamberlain;
death at Balkh; his mistakes.
SHERE ALI KHAN, Wali of Candahar; abdicates.
SHERPUR CANTONMENTS, the; description of; operations round; defence of;
durbar at; interview between Sir Donald Stewart and Abdurrahman at.
SHIKARPORE.
SHILGUR.
SHUMSHOODEEN, an Afghan leader.
SHUTARGURDAN PASS, the.
SIBI; retained by us.
SIKHS.
SIKH FEUDATORY STATES CONTINGENT.
SIKH REGIMENTS.
SINGIRI.
SKINNER, Captain, a hostage.
SLADE, at the Maiwand disaster.
SOMNATH, gates of.
SOOJAH-OOL-MOOLK, Shah; early career; intrigues; Lord Auckland
determines to restore him; his share in the expedition; replaced on the
throne, entry into Cabul; his position; with Macnaghten at Cabul;
refuses to see Dost Mahomed; goes to Jellalabad; his errors;
disaffection towards him; recommends the occupation of the Balla Hissar;
stipulations with regard to; remains in Cabul; letter to Sale at
Jellalabad; murdered.
SOORKHAB.
SOUTER, Captain, escapes from the slaughter at Gundamuk.
SPENS, Captain of the 72d Highlanders, killed.
SPINGAWAI KOTUL, the, attack on, by Roberts.
STANHOPE, Mr, on the treaty of Gundamuk.
STEWART, Sir Donald; marches into Candahar; begins his march to Cabul;
battle of Ahmed Khel and Urzoo; continues his march to Cabul; relations
with Abdurrahman; in favour of keeping Candahar.
ST JOHN, Colonel.
STODDART, Colonel.
STOLIETOFF, defender of the Schipka pass, received by Shere Ali.
'STORMS AND SUNSHINE OF A SOLDIER'S LIFE,' by Colin Mackenzie.
STRATON, Captain.
SUKKUR.
SULIMAN MOUNTAINS, the.
SULTAN JAN.
SULTAN MAHMOUD, tomb of.
SUNG-I-NAWISHTA PASS, the.
SURKH KOTUL, the.
SUTLEJ RIVER, the.
SWAYNE, Major.
SYGHAN.
T.
TAGAO.
TAKHT-I-SHAH PEAK, the.
TASHKEND, Russians at; Shere Ali at; Abdurrahman at.
TEZEEN.
THAL-CHOTIALI.
THELWALL, Brigadier.
THOMSON, engineer to Keane.
TIMOUR, Prince, son of Shah Soojah, supported by Runjeet Singh; Soojah's
viceroy at Candahar; cruelty.
TIR-ANDAZ.
TODD, Major, political agent in Herat.
TOOTUNDURRAH FORT, Sale takes.
TREVOR, with Macnaghten at his death; murdered.
TROUP, Captain.
TUNGHEE TARIKI, gorge of, scene of slaughter.
TURNUK.
TURRAI.
TYTLER.
U.
UKTAR KHAN, a discontented Dooranee chief; Macnaghten offers reward for
his head.
URGUNDAB.
URGUNDEH.
URZOO, affair of.
V.
VAKEEL, the, obnoxious minister of Shah Soojah.
VICEROYS, _See_ LORDS W. BENTINCK, AUCKLAND, ELLENBOROUGH, NORTHBROOK,
LYTTON, and the MARQUIS OF RIPON.
VIKKUR.
W.
WADE, escorts Prince Timour by the Khyber route.
WALI MAHOMED, governor designate of Turkestan.
WARREN, evacuates the Commissariat fort.
WATSON, Colonel, in command of the Sikh Feudatory contingent.
WELLESLEY, the Marquis, criticism on Lord Auckland's decision.
WELLINGTON, Duke of, criticism on Lord Auckland's decision; on
Elphinstone's position at Cabul; on English troops v. hillmen.
WHITE, Major, of the 92d Highlanders, at the attack on Beni Hissar; in
the battle of Candahar.
WILD, Brigadier, attempts to force the Khyber pass.
WILLSHIRE, General, harassed in the Bolan pass; punishes Khelat.
WOLSELEY, Lord, against keeping Candahar.
WORSLEY, Colonel.
WYMER, Colonel, hard fighting with the Ghilzais.
Y.
YAHUJA KHAN.
YAKOUB KHAN, son of Shere Ali, released and made regent; intercourse
with Sir Sam Browne; question of his complicity in the Cavagnari
massacre; takes refuge in the English camp; a prisoner; the Viceroy's
decision against his return to power.
YAR MAHOMED, Shah Kamran's minister.
YERGATI.
Z.
ZAKARIAH KHAN, Yakoub's brother.
ZANDEH, captives carried to.
ZEMINDAWAR, country of.
ZIMMA, Abdurrahman and Sir Lepel Griffin at.
ZURMUT.
* * * * *
THE END.
* * * * *