Economic aid - recipient: Greek Cypriot area - $17 million (1998);
Turkish Cypriot area - $700 million from Turkey in grants and loans
(1990-97) which are usually forgiven
Currency: Greek Cypriot area: Cypriot pound (CYP); Turkish Cypriot area:
Turkish lira (TRL)
Currency code: CYP; TRL
Exchange rates: Cypriot pounds per US dollar - 0.6518 (January 2002),
0.6427 (2001), 0.6208 (2000), 0.5423 (1999), 0.5170 (1998), 0.5135 (1997);
Turkish liras per US dollar - 1,370,629 (January 2002), 1,223,140 (2001),
625,219 (2000), 418,783 (1999), 260,724 (1998), 151,865 (1997)
Fiscal year: calendar year
Communications Cyprus
Telephones - main lines in use: Greek Cypriot area: 405,000 (1998);
Turkish Cypriot area: 83,162 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular: Greek Cypriot area: 68,000 (1998);
Turkish Cypriot area: 70,000 (1999)
Telephone system: general assessment: excellent in both the Greek Cypriot
and Turkish Cypriot areas domestic: open wire, fiber-optic cable, and
microwave radio relay international: tropospheric scatter; 3 coaxial and
5 fiber-optic submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat
(1 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean), 2 Eutelsat, 2 Intersputnik,
and 1 Arabsat
Radio broadcast stations: AM 7, FM 60, shortwave 1 (1998); Turkish
Cypriot area: Radios: Greek Cypriot area: 310,000 (1997); Turkish
Cypriot area: 56,450 (1994)
Television broadcast stations: Greek Cypriot area: 4 (plus 225 low-power
repeaters) (September 1995); Turkish Cypriot area: 4 (plus 5 repeaters)
(September 1995)
Televisions: Greek Cypriot area: 248,000 (1997); Turkish Cypriot area:
52,300 (1994)
Internet country code: .cy
Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 6 (2000)
Internet users: 120,000 (2001)
Transportation Cyprus
Railways: 0 km
Highways: 10,663 km (1998 est.); Turkish Cypriot area: Greek Cypriot
area: Waterways: none
Ports and harbors: Famagusta, Kyrenia, Larnaca, Limassol, Paphos,
Vasilikos
Merchant marine: total: 1,254 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling
22,802,712 GRT/36,337,768 DWT note: includes some foreign-owned
ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Austria 12, Belgium 2,
Bulgaria 2, Canada 3, Chile 2, China 16, Croatia 2, Cuba 11, Finland 1,
Germany 229, Greece 607, Guam 1, Hong Kong 6, India 6, Iran 1, Ireland 1,
Israel 5, Italy 1, Japan 26, Latvia 14, Lebanon 1, Lithuania 2, Mexico 1,
Monaco 10, Netherlands 30, Norway 23, Panama 1, Philippines 2, Poland 19,
Portugal 2, Russia 57, Singapore 2, Slovenia 2, South Korea 4, Spain
7, Sudan 2, Sweden 6, Switzerland 4, Turkey 1, Ukraine 1, United Arab
Emirates 13, United Kingdom 6, United States 4, Vietnam 1 (2002 est.)
ships by type: barge carrier 2, bulk 438, cargo 378, chemical tanker 24,
combination bulk 31, combination ore/oil 2, container 133, liquefied gas
4, passenger 7, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 131, refrigerated
cargo 46, roll on/roll off 41, short-sea passenger 10, specialized tanker
3, vehicle carrier 3
Airports: 15 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways: total: 12 2,438 to 3,047 m: 7 1,524 to
2,437 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2001) 914 to 1,523 m: 3
Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m:
2 (2001)
Heliports: 7 (2001)
Military Cyprus
Military branches: Greek area: Greek Cypriot National Guard (GCNG;
including air and naval elements), Greek Cypriot Police Turkish area:
Turkish Cypriot Security Force (GKK)
Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 200,071 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service: males age 15-49: 137,322
(2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 6,616
(2002 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure: $370 million (FY00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 4.2% (FY00)
Transnational Issues Cyprus
Disputes - international: reunification talks - the first since 1974
hostilities divided the island into two de facto autonomous areas, a
Greek Cypriot area controlled by the internationally recognized Cypriot
Government (59% of the island's land area) and a Turkish-Cypriot area
(37% of the island), that are separated by a UN buffer zone (4% of the
island) - have recommenced; there are two UK sovereign base areas mostly
within the Greek-Cypriot portion of the island
Illicit drugs: minor transit point for heroin and hashish via air routes
and container traffic to Europe, especially from Lebanon and Turkey;
some cocaine transits as well
This page was last updated on 1 January 2002
========================================================================
Denmark
Introduction
Denmark
Background: Once the seat of Viking raiders and later a major north
European power, Denmark has evolved into a modern, prosperous nation that
is participating in the general political and economic integration of
Europe. However, the country has opted out of European Union's Maastricht
Treaty, the European monetary system (EMU), and issues concerning certain
internal affairs.
Geography Denmark
Location: Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea,
on a peninsula north of Germany (Jutland); also includes two major islands
(Sjaelland and Fyn)
Geographic coordinates: 56 00 N, 10 00 E
Map references: Europe
Area: total: 43,094 sq km water: 700 sq km note: includes the island
of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea and the rest of metropolitan Denmark
(the Jutland Peninsula, and the major islands of Sjaelland and Fyn),
but excludes the Faroe Islands and Greenland land: 42,394 sq km
Area - comparative: slightly less than twice the size of Massachusetts
Land boundaries: total: 68 km border countries: Germany 68 km
Coastline: 7,314 km
Maritime claims: continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of
exploitation exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Climate: temperate; humid and overcast; mild, windy winters and cool
summers
Terrain: low and flat to gently rolling plains
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Lammefjord -7 m highest point: Yding
Skovhoej 173 m
Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, fish, salt, limestone, stone,
gravel and sand
Land use: arable land: 56% permanent crops: 0% other: 44% (1998 est.)
Irrigated land: 4,760 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards: flooding is a threat in some areas of the country (e.g.,
parts of Jutland, along the southern coast of the island of Lolland)
that are protected from the sea by a system of dikes
Environment - current issues: air pollution, principally from vehicle
and power plant emissions; nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of the
North Sea; drinking and surface water becoming polluted from animal
wastes and pesticides
Environment - international agreements: party to: Air Pollution, Air
Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants,
Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile
Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change,
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species,
Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life
Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution,
Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but
not ratified: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Law of the Sea
Geography - note: controls Danish Straits (Skagerrak and Kattegat)
linking Baltic and North Seas; about one-quarter of the population lives
in greater Copenhagen
People Denmark
Population: 5,368,854 (July 2002 est.)
Age structure: 0-14 years: 18.7% (male 514,589; female 488,121) 15-64
years: 66.4% (male 1,806,722; female 1,760,149) 65 years and over: 14.9%
(male 334,599; female 464,674) (2002 est.)
Population growth rate: 0.29% (2002 est.)
Birth rate: 11.74 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Death rate: 10.81 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Net migration rate: 2.01 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05
male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over:
0.72 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 4.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Life expectancy at birth: 79.67 years (2002 est.) male: Total fertility
rate: 1.73 children born/woman (2002 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.17% (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 4,300 (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths: less than 100 (1999 est.)
Nationality: noun: Dane(s) adjective: Danish
Ethnic groups: Scandinavian, Inuit, Faroese, German, Turkish, Iranian,
Somali
Religions: Evangelical Lutheran 95%, other Protestant and Roman Catholic
3%, Muslim 2%
Languages: Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (an Inuit dialect), German
(small minority) note: English is the predominant second language
Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total
population: 100% male: NA% female: NA%
Government Denmark
Country name: Kingdom of Denmark conventional short form: Government
type: constitutional monarchy
Capital: Copenhagen
Administrative divisions: metropolitan Denmark - 14 counties (amter,
singular - amt) and 2 kommunes*; Arhus, Bornholm, Fredericksberg*,
Frederiksborg, Fyn, Kobenhavn, Kobenhavns*, Nordjylland, Ribe, Ringkobing,
Roskilde, Sonderjylland, Storstrom, Vejle, Vestsjalland, Viborg note:
see separate entries for the Faroe Islands and Greenland, which are part
of the Kingdom of Denmark and are self-governing overseas administrative
divisions
Independence: first organized as a unified state in 10th century;
in 1849 became a constitutional monarchy
National holiday: none designated; Constitution Day, 5 June is generally
viewed as the National Day
Constitution: 1849 was the original constitution; there was a major
overhaul 5 June 1953, allowing for a unicameral legislature and a female
chief of state
Legal system: civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts;
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch: chief of state: Queen MARGRETHE II (since 14 January
1972); Heir Apparent Crown Prince FREDERIK, elder son of the monarch (born
26 May 1968) head of government: Prime Minister Anders Fogh RASMUSSEN
(since 27 November 2001) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
and approved by Parliament elections: none; the monarch is hereditary;
following legislative elections, the leader of the party that wins the
most seats is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch
Legislative branch: unicameral Parliament or Folketing (179 seats,
including 2 from Greenland and 2 from the Faroe Islands; members are
elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation to
serve four-year terms) elections: results: percent of vote by party -
NA%; seats by party - Liberal Party 56, Social Democrats 52, Danish
People's Party 22, Conservative Party 16, Socialist People's Party 12,
Social Liberal Party 9, Christian People's Party 4, Unity List 4; note
- does not include the 2 seats from Greenland and the 2 seats from the
Faroe Islands
Judicial branch: Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the monarch
for life)
Political parties and leaders: Center Democratic Party [Mimi JAKOBSEN];
Christian People's Party [Jann SJURSEN]; Conservative Party (sometimes
known as Conservative People's Party) [Bendt BENDTSEN]; Danish People's
Party [Pia KJAERSGAARD]; Liberal Party [Anders Fogh RASMUSSEN]; Social
Democratic Party [Poul Nyrup RASMUSSEN]; Social Liberal Party (sometimes
called the Radical Left) [Marianne JELVED, leader; Johannes LEBECH,
chairman]; Socialist People's Party [Holger K. NIELSEN]; Red-Green Unity
List (bloc includes Left Socialist Party, Communist Party of Denmark,
Socialist Workers' Party) [collective leadership]
Political pressure groups and leaders: NA
International organization participation: AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group,
BIS, CBSS, CCC, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EIB, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 9,
IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS,
IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MONUC, NATO, NC, NEA,
NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD,
UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOGIP, UNMOP, UNMOT,
UNOMIG, UNTAET, UNTSO, UPU, WEU (observer), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO, ZC
Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Ulrik
Andreas FEDERSPIEL consulate(s) general: Chicago, Los Angeles, and New
York FAX: [1] (202) 328-1470 telephone: [1] (202) 234-4300 chancery:
3200 Whitehaven Street NW, Washington, DC 20008
Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador
Stuart BERNSTEIN embassy: Dag Hammarskjolds
PSC 73, APO AE 09716 telephone:
Flag description: red with a white cross that extends to the edges of
the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side,
and that design element of the Dannebrog (Danish flag) was subsequently
adopted by the other Nordic countries of Finland, Iceland, Norway,
and Sweden
Economy Denmark
Economy - overview: This thoroughly modern market economy features
high-tech agriculture, up-to-date small-scale and corporate industry,
extensive government welfare measures, comfortable living standards,
a stable currency, and high dependence on foreign trade. Denmark is
a net exporter of food and energy and has a comfortable balance of
payments surplus. The government has been successful in meeting, and
even exceeding, the economic convergence criteria for participating in
the third phase (a common European currency) of the European Monetary
Union (EMU), but Denmark, in a September 2000 referendum, reconfirmed
its decision not to join the 11 other EU members in the euro. Even so,
the Danish currency remains pegged to the euro.
GDP: purchasing power parity - $149.8 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 1.1% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $28,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 3% industry: 22% services: 75%
(2001 est.)
Population below poverty line: NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 2%
highest 10%: 24% (2000 est.)
Distribution of family income - Gini index: 24.7 (1992)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2.4% (2001 est.)
Labor force: 2.856 million (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation: services 79%, industry 17%, agriculture 4%
(2000 est.)
Unemployment rate: 5.3% (2000)
Budget: revenues: $52.9 billion expenditures: $51.3 billion, including
capital expenditures of $500 million (2001 est.)
Industries: food processing, machinery and equipment, textiles and
clothing, chemical products, electronics, construction, furniture,
and other wood products, shipbuilding, windmills
Industrial production growth rate: 1% (2001 est.)
Electricity - production: 35.792 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 83.86% hydro: 0.08%
other: 16.06% (2000) nuclear: 0%
Electricity - consumption: 33.925 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports: 7.679 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports: 8.318 billion kWh (2000)
Agriculture - products: barley, wheat, potatoes, sugar beets; pork,
dairy products; fish
Exports: $52.4 billion (f.o.b., 2001)
Exports - commodities: machinery and instruments, meat and meat products,
dairy products, fish, chemicals, furniture, ships, windmills
Exports - partners: EU 65.9% (Germany 19.1%, Sweden 12.9%, UK 9.8%,
France 5.0%, Netherlands 5.0%), US 5.9%, Norway 5.5% (2000)
Imports: $44.1 billion (f.o.b., 2001)
Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, raw materials and
semimanufactures for industry, chemicals, grain and foodstuffs,
consumer goods
Imports - partners: EU 69.7% (Germany 21.1%, Sweden 12.3%, UK 8.6%,
Netherlands 7.5%, France 5.2%, Italy 4.4%), US 4.1% (2000)
Debt - external: $21.7 billion (2000)
Economic aid - donor: ODA, $1.63 billion (1999)
Currency: Danish krone (DKK)
Currency code: DKK
Exchange rates: Danish kroner per US dollar - 8.418 (January 2002),
8.323 (2001), 8.083 (2000), 6.976 (1999), 6.701 (1998), 6.604 (1997);
note - the Danes rejected the euro in a 28 September 2000 referendum
Fiscal year: calendar year
Communications Denmark
Telephones - main lines in use: 4.785 million (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular: 1,444,016 (1997)
Telephone system: excellent telephone and telegraph services domestic:
network, 4 cellular mobile communications systems international: 18
submarine fiber-optic cables linking Denmark with Norway, Sweden, Russia,
Poland, Germany, Netherlands, UK, Faroe Islands, Iceland, and Canada;
satellite earth stations - 6 Intelsat, 10 Eutelsat, 1 Orion, 1 Inmarsat
(Blaavand-Atlantic-East); note - the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland,
Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) share the Danish earth station and the Eik,
Norway, station for worldwide Inmarsat access (1997)
Radio broadcast stations: AM 2, FM 355, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios: 6.02 million (1997)
Television broadcast stations: 26 (plus 51 repeaters) (1998)
Televisions: 3.121 million (1997)
Internet country code: .dk
Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 13 (2000)
Internet users: 2.93 million (2001)
Transportation Denmark
Railways: 2,859 km (508 km privately owned and operated) standard gauge:
(1998 est.)
Highways: total: 71,474 km paved: 71,474 km (including 880 km of
expressways) unpaved: 0 km (1999)
Waterways: 417 km
Pipelines: crude oil 110 km; petroleum products 578 km; natural gas
700 km
Ports and harbors: Abenra, Alborg, Arhus, Copenhagen, Esbjerg,
Fredericia, Kolding, Odense, Roenne (Bornholm), Vejle
Merchant marine: total: 301 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 6,258,959
GRT/8,143,520 DWT note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered
here as a flag of convenience: Germany 1, Greenland 1, Indonesia 1,
Netherlands 1, Norway 9, United Kingdom 1 (2002 est.) ships by type:
bulk 8, cargo 105, chemical tanker 26, container 72, liquefied gas 20,
livestock carrier 5, petroleum tanker 25, railcar carrier 1, refrigerated
cargo 13, roll on/roll off 16, short-sea passenger 7, specialized tanker 3
Airports: 116 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways: total: 28 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047
m: 7 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 3 (2001)
Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 88 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to
1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 80 (2001)
Military Denmark
Military branches: Royal Danish Army, Royal Danish Navy, Royal Danish
Air Force, Home Guard
Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 1,287,168 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service: males age 15-49: 1,099,900
(2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 29,212
(2002 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure: $2.47 billion (FY99/00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 1.4% (FY99/00)
Transnational Issues Denmark
Disputes - international: Rockall continental shelf dispute involving
Denmark, Iceland, and the UK (Ireland and the UK have signed a boundary
agreement in the Rockall area); dispute with Iceland over the Faroe
Islands' fisheries median line boundary within 200 NM; disputes with
Iceland, the UK, and Ireland over the Faroe Islands continental shelf
boundary outside 200 NM; Faroese are considering proposals for full
independence
This page was last updated on 1 January 2002
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Djibouti
Introduction
Djibouti
Background: The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas became
Djibouti in 1977. A peace accord in 1994 ended a three-year uprising by
Afars rebels.
Geography Djibouti
Location: Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea,
between Eritrea and Somalia
Geographic coordinates: 11 30 N, 43 00 E
Map references: Africa
Area: total: 23,000 sq km water: 20 sq km land: 22,980 sq km
Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Massachusetts
Land boundaries: total: 516 km border countries: Eritrea 109 km,
Ethiopia 349 km, Somalia 58 km
Coastline: 314 km
Maritime claims: 200 NM territorial sea: Climate: desert; torrid, dry
Terrain: coastal plain and plateau separated by central mountains
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Lac Assal -155 m highest point:
Moussa Ali 2,028 m
Natural resources: geothermal areas
Land use: arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)
Irrigated land: 10 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards: earthquakes; droughts; occasional cyclonic disturbances
from the Indian Ocean bring heavy rains and flash floods
Environment - current issues: inadequate supplies of potable water;
desertification; endangered species
Environment - international agreements: party to: Biodiversity,
Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea,
Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none
of the selected agreements
Geography - note: strategic location near world's busiest shipping lanes
and close to Arabian oilfields; terminus of rail traffic into Ethiopia;
mostly wasteland; Lac Assal (Lake Assal) is the lowest point in Africa
People Djibouti
Population: 472,810 (July 2002 est.)
Age structure: 0-14 years: 42.6% (male 100,903; female 100,420) 15-64
years: 54.5% (male 135,409; female 122,209) 65 years and over: 2.9%
(male 7,220; female 6,649) (2002 est.)
Population growth rate: 2.59% (2002 est.)
Birth rate: 40.33 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Death rate: 14.43 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.09 male(s)/female
total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 99.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Life expectancy at birth: 53.52 years (2002 est.) male: Total fertility
rate: 5.64 children born/woman (2002 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 11.75% (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 37,000 (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths: 4,400 (2002 est.)
Nationality: noun: Djiboutian(s) adjective: Djiboutian
Ethnic groups: Somali 60%, Afar 35%, French, Arab, Ethiopian, and
Italian 5%
Religions: Muslim 94%, Christian 6%
Languages: French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, Afar
Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total
population: 46.2% male: 60.3% female: 32.7% (1995 est.)
Government Djibouti
Country name: Republic of Djibouti conventional short form: Somaliland
Government type: republic
Capital: Djibouti
Administrative divisions: 5 districts (cercles, singular - cercle);
'Ali Sabih, Dikhil, Djibouti, Obock, Tadjoura
Independence: 27 June 1977 (from France)
National holiday: Independence Day, 27 June (1977)
Constitution: multiparty constitution approved by referendum 4 September
1992
Legal system: based on French civil law system, traditional practices,
and Islamic law
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal adult
Executive branch: chief of state: President Ismail Omar GUELLEH (since
8 May 1999) head of government: Prime Minister DILEITA Mohamed Dileita
(since 4 March 2001)
Council of Ministers responsible to the president elections: 9 April
1999 (next to be held December 2002); prime minister appointed
by the president election results: Ismail Omar GUELLEH elected president;
percent of vote - Ismail Omar GUELLEH 74.4%, IDRIS Moussa Ahmed 25.6%