All styles of engines both large and small should receive proper
attention. All the vibrating and moving parts should be kept well
oiled and free from grit and dirt. If this is neglected, the friction
of the moving parts will soon wear away the metal and induce pounding
and cause what is called “lost motion,” which detracts greatly from
the power of the engine, and if allowed to run in this condition will
soon necessitate large expense for repairs and shorten the life of the
engine.
Tighten all the boxes as they wear, being careful not to get them
too tight. Keep the piston rod and valve rod well packed with a good
quality of soft packing. Keep the valve or valves set properly to give
the required amount of lap and lead and an equal cut-off at the end of
each stroke whether working in full gear or notched up.
Keep the cross-head shoes fitted properly in the guides, being careful
to keep the piston rod in line. If the above instructions are followed,
your engine will run smoothly and do good service.
[Illustration: Sectional View of Simple Engine, Showing Cylinder, Steam
Chest, Plain Slide Valve, Steam and Exhaust Ports, Piston and Rod,
Engine Frame, Cross-head, Connecting Rod, Crank Disc, and Rocker Arm
and Rod for Operating Valve.]