Celsus recommends loud reading for curing weakness of the stomach. (i, 8.)

Galen scarcely takes any notice of vociferation, except that, in one

place, he states that it exercises the chest and lungs. (De Sanit.

tuendâ, ii, 11.)

Avicenna, in giving an account of vociferation, follows Aëtius. He says,

that it exercises the parts about the mouth and chest; and hence, that

it improves the complexion. He likewise cautions us not to prolong loud

enunciation, lest it occasion a rupture of the vessels. He directs us to

begin moderate, and then strain the voice gradually, and afterwards to

allow it to sink by degrees, (i, 3, 2.)

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