thickened at the apex; leaves ovate, bifid, with a narrow scarious
margin. (Cesia concinnata, _S. F. Gray_.)--Alpine regions of the White
Mts. (_Oakes_).--Grayish or silvery-olive. (Eu.)
28. FOSSOMBRONIA, Raddi. (Pl. 23.)
Stems thalloid, with large subquadrate succubous leaves; underleaves
none. Dioecious or monoecious. Fruit terminal or by innovation dorsal on
the main stem. Involucral leaves 5--6 (in our species), small, subulate,
adnate. Perianth open-campanulate or obpyramidal, crenate-lobed.
Calyptra free, sub-globose. Capsule short-pedicelled, globose,
irregularly valved. Elaters very short, 1--3- (mostly 2-) spiral, free.
Spores large, very rough. Antheridia 2--3, short-pedicelled, naked.
Perfect archegonia 2--3. (Named for _V. Fossombroni_, an Italian
Minister of State.)
[*] _Plant large or of medium size; stems mostly simple._
1. F. pusilla, Dumort. (Pl. 23.) Stems 6--10'' long; leaves retuse,
entire or irregularly indented; perianth obconic, dentate; elaters short
and thick; spores brown, depressed-globose-tetrahedral, 40 mu broad,
crested, the slender crests pellucid, rarely becoming confluent.--On
damp ground. Its occurrence in America is doubtful. (Eu.)
2. F. Dumortieri, Lindb. Cespitose, greenish or brownish-yellow; stems
3--6'' long, 1'' wide, shortly bifurcate; rootlets copious, purple;
leaves numerous, smaller toward each end of the stem; monoecious;
perianth large, broadly obpyramidal; calyptra nearly as long; elaters
scanty; spores globose-tetrahedral yellowish-brown, regularly
pitted.--White Mts. (_Farlow_), N. J. (_Austin_), and perhaps
elsewhere; confused with n. 1.
3. F. angulosa, Raddi. Stems narrowly forked at the apex; leaves
horizontal, subquadrate, the upper undulate-lobed; dioecious; perianth
dilated-conic, crenate; spores brownish-yellow, globose-tetrahedral, not
depressed, 30 mu broad, deeply reticulated, the reticulations large,
5--6-angled.--Brackish meadows, common; fruiting in early spring. (Eu.)
[*][*] _Plant minute; stems forked or fastigiately divided._
4. F. cristula, Aust. Stems 1--2'' long; leaves whitish, quadrate or
round-obovate, subentire, strongly crisped-undulate; capsule immersed on
a short pedicel; elaters short, more or less diverse, with a single
narrow annular and spiral fibre; spores pale fuscous, more or less
tuberculate.--On moist sand in unfrequented paths, Batsto, N. J.
(_Austin_).
29. PALLAVICINIA, S. F. Gray. (Pl. 22.)
Thallus with a distinct costa. Fruit arising from the costa, at first
terminal, becoming dorsal. Dioecious. Involucre cup-shaped,
short-lacerate. Perianth long-tubular, denticulate. Calyptra irregularly
lacerate. Capsule slender-cylindric. Elaters slender, free. Spores
minute. Antheridia dorsal, covered with minute fimbriate scales. (Named
for _L. Pallavicini_, Archbishop of Genoa.)
1. P. Lyellii, S. F. Gray. Thallus thin, 1--4' long, 3--5'' wide, simple
or bifid, the margin entire, slightly crenate or serrate; cells large,
oblong-hexagonal; perianth erect, fleshy (5 cells thick below), the
somewhat constricted mouth lobate-ciliolate; pedicel long, exceeding the
thallus; capsule cylindric, five times as long as broad. (Steetzia
Lyellii, _Lehm._)--Among mosses in swamps and on dripping rocks; common,
especially southward. (Eu.)
30. BLASIA, Micheli. (Pl. 23.)
Thallus simple or forked or stellate, with sinuous margins. Dioecious.
Fruit from an oval cavity in the costa. Involucre mostly none. Calyptra
obovate. Capsule oval-globose. Antheridia immersed in the thallus,
covered with dentate scales. Gemmae globose, issuing by a slender
ascending tube from large flask-shaped receptacles which are immersed in
the thallus. (Named for _Blasius Biagi_, a monk of Valombrosa and
companion of Micheli.)
1. B. pusilla, L. Thallus 3/4--11/2' long, 2--3'' wide, narrowly obovate,
the margins pinnatifid-sinuous.--Wet banks; common. (Eu.)
31. PELLIA, Raddi. (Pl. 23.)
Thallus with a broad indeterminate costa. Monoecious or dioecious.
Fructification dorsal near the end of the thallus. Involucre short,
cup-shaped, lacerate-dentate. Calyptra membranous, oval, longer or
shorter than the involucre. Capsule globose. Elaters long, free.
Antheridia globose, immersed in the costa. (Named for _A. L. Pelli_, an
Italian botanist.)
[*] _Monoecious._
1. P. epiphylla, Raddi. (Pl. 23.) Thallus oblong, lobed and sinuate,
somewhat fleshy, much thickened in the middle; capsule exserted.--On the
ground in wet places; not uncommon eastward. (Eu.)
[*][*] _Dioecious._
2. P. endiviaefolia, Dumort. Thallus flat, green or purplish, broadly
linear, dichotomous, the margin mostly undulate or crisped.--On the
ground and in ditches; common, but often confused with n. 1. (Eu.)
3. P. calycina, Nees. Thallus dichotomous, proliferous, the early
divisions linear-oblong, the margins ascending and remotely sinuate, the
later divisions linear-palmatifid, coarsely nerved; cells large,
hexagonal; involucre ciliate-fringed or lacerate; calyptra smooth,
included.--Wet limestones and shales. (Eu.)
32. METZGERIA, Raddi. (Pl. 23.)
Thallus linear, dichotomous, with well defined costa. Dioecious.
Fructification arising from the under side of the costa. Involucre
1-leaved, scale-like, at length ventricose. Calyptra clavate or
pyriform, fleshy. Capsule short-pedicelled. Elaters unispiral, some
remaining attached to the tips of the valves. Spores minute, mostly
smooth. Antheridia globose, enclosed in a scale on the under surface of
the costa. (Named for _J. Metzger_, a German botanist.)
[*] _Densely villous throughout._
1. M. pubescens, Raddi. Thallus 1--2' long, 1'' wide, alternately
pinnate or somewhat decompound, the short linear branches of uniform
width, flat, the margin undulate; hairs longer beneath, single or in
twos and threes near the margin, irregularly curved; midrib nearly
without cortical layer, with 6--10 (mostly 8) rows of very uniform
peripheral cells; dioecious.--In mountain regions, eastward. (Eu.)
[*][*] _Hairy on the margins and midrib beneath, smooth above; dioecious
(n. 4 monoecious)._
2. M. myriopoda, Lindb. Thallus elongated (2' long, 1/2'' wide),
dichotomous, the long linear branches of uniform width, convex above,
the reflexed margins not undulate; midrib densely pilose beneath; hairs
rather long, straight or nodding, the marginal mostly in clusters of
3--6, some with discoid tips; midrib covered above with 2 rows of
enlarged cells, and beneath with 3--7 (usually 4--6) rows of smaller
cells, lax and often indistinct. (M. furcata, _Sulliv._, in part; not
_Nees._)--Shaded rocks and trees in the Alleghanies (_Sullivant_), and
southward.
3. M. hamata, Lindb. Like the last; thallus much elongated (4' long,
1--11/2'' wide); hairs very long, divaricate and hooked-deflexed, the
marginal in twos, rarely with discoid tips; midrib covered above and
below with two rows of enlarged lax cells. (M. furcata, _Sulliv._, in
part.)--Alleghany Mts. (_Sullivant_).
4. M. conjugata, Lindb. Thallus 11/2' long, 1/2--1'' wide, usually
dichotomous, the short branches irregular in width, convex above, the
margins more or less undulate; hairs rather long, straight, divaricate,
the marginal usually in twos, very often disk-bearing; midribs covered
above with 2, below with 3--6 rows of enlarged lax cells.--On shaded
rocks and trunks of trees, central N. Y., and southward. (Eu.)
33. ANEURA, Dumort. (Pl. 23.)
Thallus fleshy, prostrate or assurgent from a creeping base; costa
obscure. Dioecious or monoecious. Fructification arising from the under
side near the margin. Involucre cup-shaped, short and lacerate, or none.
Calyptra large, fleshy, more or less clavate. Capsule large,
oblong-cylindric. Elaters unispiral, in part adherent to the tips of the
valves. Spores minute, smooth or minutely roughened. Antheridia immersed
in the surface of receptacles proceeding from the margin of the thallus.
(Name from [Greek: a]- privative, and [Greek: neu~ron], a nerve.)
[*] _Thallus narrow (about 1'' wide), palmately divided._
1. A. latifrons, Lindb. Thallus cespitose, ascending or erect, usually
dark green, 6--9'' long, mostly pellucid; branches linear, obtuse and
emarginate, plano-convex; cells large, oblong-rhombic; monoecious;
archegonia 3--10, short, conic; calyptra white, verrucose,
pyriform-clavate; capsule oval, brown; spores 121/2--141/2 mu broad, globose,
minutely and densely papillose; antheridia globose. (A. palmata of
authors; not _Dumort_.)--On rotten logs; common.
[*][*] _Thallus narrow (about 1'' wide), pinnate or bipinnate._
2. A. multifida, Dumort. Thallus prostrate, brownish-green, pinnately
divided, the primary portion biconvex, somewhat rigid, the branches
horizontal, pectinately pinnate with narrow linear divisions;
monoecious; fructification rising from the primary part or from the
branches; involucre fleshy; calyptra tuberculate.--Var. MAJOR, Nees.
Primary portion and branches thick, the branches interruptedly pinnate
with short obtuse divisions.--On decayed wood and moss in swamps, N. J.
(_Austin_), and south in the mountains. (Eu.)
3. A. pinnatifida, Nees. Thallus pinnately divided or subsimple, flat or
somewhat channelled; branches horizontal, the broader pinnatifid or
dentate, obtuse; calyptra somewhat smooth.--On dripping rocks, Hokokus,
N. J. (_Austin_), N. Haven, Conn. (_Eaton_). (Eu.)
[*][*][*] _Thallus wider (2'' or more), simple or irregularly lobed._
4. A. sessilis, Spreng. Thallus decumbent, irregularly lobed, 1--2'
long, 3--5'' wide; involucre none; pedicel 3/4--1' long, sometimes folded
upon itself and remaining within the calyptra, the capsule thus
appearing sessile; antheridia on elongated receptacles.--Wooded swamps.
Elongated floating forms, 5--6' long, have been found in the White Mts.
(_Farlow, Faxon_).
5. A. pinguis, Dumort. Thallus 1--2' long, decumbent or ascending,
fleshy, linear-oblong, simple or slightly lobed, the margin sinuate;
dioecious; involucre short, lacerate; calyptra cylindric, smooth;
capsule brownish, furrowed; antheridia in 2-lobed receptacles.--Wet
banks, N. J. to Ohio, and southward. (Eu.)
ORDER 138. ANTHOCEROTACEAE. (HORNED LIVERWORTS.)
Plant-body a thallus, irregularly branching, flaccid, without epidermis
or pores, and more or less vesiculose. Involucre single, tubular.
Calyptra rupturing early near the base, and borne on the apex of the
capsule. Capsule dorsal, pod-like, erect or curved outward, more or
less perfectly 2-valved, usually stomatose, tapering into a pedicel or
often sessile with a bulbous base. Columella filiform. Elaters with or
without spiral fibres. Spores flattish, more or less convex-prismatic,
papillose or smooth.
1. Anthoceros. Capsule narrowly linear, exsertly pedicelled, 2-valved.
Elaters present.
2. Notothylas. Capsule very short, sessile, not valved below the middle.
Elaters not obvious.
1. ANTHOCEROS, Micheli. (Pl. 22.)
Thallus dark green or blackish, usually depressed, variously lobed, with
large chlorophyll-grains, frequently glandular-thickened at the apex or
in lines along the middle so as to appear nerved. Monoecious or
dioecious. Capsule linear, 2-valved, exsertly pedicelled. Elaters
simple or branched, often geniculate, more or less heteromorphous, the
fibres wanting or indistinct. (Name from [Greek: a)/nthos], _flower_,
and [Greek: ke/ras], _horn_, from the shape of the capsule.)
1. A. laevis, L. (Pl. 22.) Thallus smooth, nearly flat above; dioecious;
involucre 1--2'' long, trumpet-shaped when dry, repand-toothed; capsule
pale brown or yellowish, 1--11/2' long; elaters rather short, yellowish;
spores yellow, nearly smooth, angular.--Wet clay banks, from Canada
south and westward. (Eu.)
2. A. punctatus, L. Thallus small, depressed, or often cespitose and
erect, more or less glandular; monoecious; involucre rather short,
oblong-linear, slightly repand, sometimes scarious at the mouth; capsule
1' high, black; elaters fuscous, flattish, geniculate; spores black,
strongly muriculate, sharply angled.--Wet banks, Canada to Mo., and
southward. (Eu.)
2. NOTOTHYLAS, Sulliv. (Pl. 22.)
Thallus orbicular, tender, laciniate and undulate or crisped,
papillose-reticulate. Monoecious. Involucre sessile, continuous with the
thallus, opening irregularly above. Capsule very short, oblong-globose
or ovate-cylindric, pedicelled from a thickened bulb, 2-valved to the
middle or rupturing irregularly. Elaters none, or fragmentary and
inconspicuous. Spores subglobose, smoothish. Antheridia
elliptic-globose, immersed in the thallus. (Name from [Greek: no~tos],
_the back_, and [Greek: thyla/s], _a bag_, from the shape and position
of the involucre.)
1. N. orbicularis, Sulliv. (Pl. 22.) Thallus 3--8'' wide; capsules
1--2'' long, erect or decurved, wholly included or slightly exserted, of
thin and loose texture, with a suture on each side; spores light
yellowish-brown. (Including N. valvata, _Sulliv._)--Wet places, Canada
to the Gulf.
2. N. melanospora, Sulliv. Thallus small, depressed or sometimes
cespitose, of lax texture; capsule often without sutures; spores dark
brown, a half larger.--Moist ground, Ohio (_Sullivant_).
ORDER 139. MARCHANTIACEAE. LIVERWORTS.
Plant-body a thallus, dichotomous or subpalmately branching, usually
innovating from the apex or beneath it, more or less thickened in the
middle, and bearing numerous rootlets beneath and usually colored or
imbricating scales. Epidermis usually more or less distinct and strongly
porose above. Capsules globose, rarely oval, opening irregularly,
pendent from the under side of a peduncled disk-like receptacle
(_carpocephalum_). Elaters present, mostly 2-spiral.
[*] Thallus plainly costate, distinctly porose except in n. 6.
[+] Gemmae present on sterile stems.
1. Marchantia. Gemmae in cup-shaped receptacles. Fertile receptacle
7--11-rayed.
8. Lunularia. Gemmae in crescent-shaped receptacles. Fertile receptacle
cruciform.
[+][+] Gemmae wanting.
[++] Receptacle conic-hemispherical, 2--4-lobed; perianth lobed or
fringed.
2. Preissia. Receptacle 2--4-lobed, with as many alternate rib-like
rays. Perianth 4--5-lobed.
3. Fimbriaria. Receptacle 4-lobed. Perianth conspicuous, split into
8--16 fringe-like segments.
[++][++] Receptacle more or less conical; perianth none.
4. Conocephalus. Thallus very large, strongly areolate. Receptacle
conical, membranous.
5. Grimaldia. Thallus small. Peduncle chaffy at base and apex.
Receptacle conic-hemispheric, truncately 3--4-lobed.
6. Asterella. Thallus eporose. Receptacle conic-hemispheric, becoming
flattened, acutely 4- (1--6-) lobed.
[*][*] Thallus thin, ecostate or barely costate.
7. Dumortiera. Receptacle convex, 2--8-lobed. Perianth none.
1. MARCHANTIA, Marchant f. (Pl. 22.)
Thallus large, forking, areolate, porose, with broad diffused midrib;
gemmae in a cup-shaped receptacle. Dioecious. Fertile receptacle
peduncled from an apical sinus of the thallus, radiately lobed.
Involucres alternate with the rays, membranous, lacerate, enclosing 3--6
1-fruited cleft perianths. Calyptra persistent. Capsule globose,
exserted, pendulous, dehiscing by several revolute segments. Elaters
long, attenuate to each end. Spores smooth. Antheridia immersed in a
peduncled disk-like radiate or lobed receptacle. (Named for _Nicholas
Marchant_, a French botanist.)
1. M. polymorpha, L. Thallus 2--5' long, 1/2--11/2' wide, numerously porose,
venulose; receptacle divided into usually 9 terete rays; peduncles 1--3'
high; antheridial disk crenately or palmately 2--8-lobed, on a peduncle
1' high or less.--Everywhere common. (Eu.)
2. PREISSIA, Nees. (Pl. 22.)
Thallus obcordate, sparingly forked, increasing by joints; pores
conspicuous; gemmae none. Dioecious or monoecious. Fertile receptacle
hemispheric, 1--4-lobed, with as many alternating shorter rib-like rays.
Outer involucres attached beneath the lobes, 1--3-fruited, opening
outward by an irregular line; perianth obconic-campanulate, angular,
unequally 4--5-lobed. Calyptra persistent. Capsule large, distinctly
pedicelled, dehiscing by 4--8 revolute segments. Elaters short. Spores
coarsely tuberculate. (Named for _L. Preiss_, a German botanist.)
1. P. commutata, Nees. Thallus 1--2' long, with conspicuous white pores
above, and dark purple scales beneath; usually monoecious; peduncle
1/2--1' high; capsules conspicuous, dark purple; antheridia in a peduncled
disk-like receptacle. (P. hemisphaerica, _Cogn._)--On slaty and limestone
rocks, from N. J. north and westward. (Eu.)
3. FIMBRIARIA, Nees. (Pl. 22.)
Thallus thickened in the middle by a keeled costa, usually conspicuously
porose, with dark purple scales beneath; gemmae none. Monoecious.
Receptacle rising from the apex, conic or hemispheric, concave beneath
and expanded into usually 4 large campanulate 1-fruited involucres.
Perianth oblong-oval or subconic, exserted half its length and cleft
into 8--16 fringe-like segments. Calyptra with a long style, fugacious.
Capsule nearly sessile, irregularly circumscissile. Elaters rather
short, 1--4-spiral. Spores angular, subreticulated. Antheridia immersed
in the thallus. (Name from _fimbria_, a fringe, alluding to the
perianth.)
1. F. tenella, Nees. Thallus of one or more long-wedge-shaped emarginate
divisions about 6--9'' long, grayish-green and porose above, purple on
the margins; peduncle 1' high or more, usually purple; receptacle
obtusely conic; perianth white, 8-cleft.--On damp ground in sandy fields
or on rocks, central N. Y. to Mo., and southward.
4. CONOCEPHALUS, Neck. (Pl. 22.)
Thallus dichotomous, copiously reticulate and porose, with a narrow
costa; gemmae none. Receptacle conic-mitriform, membranous. Involucres
5--8, tubular, 1-fruited, suspended from the apex of the peduncle;
perianth none. Calyptra persistent, campanulate, 2--4-lobed at the
apex. Capsule pedicelled, oblong-pyriform, dehiscing by 5--8 revolute
segments. Elaters short, thick. Spores muriculate. Antheridia imbedded
in an oval disk sessile near the apex of the thallus. (Name from [Greek:
ko nos], _a cone_, and [Greek: kephale/], _a head_.)
1. C. conicus, Dumort. Thallus 2--6' long, 1/2--3/4' wide; receptacle conic,
striate, crenate. (Fegatella conica, _Corda._)--Shady banks; common.
(Eu.)
5. GRIMALDIA, Raddi. (Pl. 23.)
Thallus thick, more or less channelled, dichotomous, innovating from the
apex, with thick epidermis, closely areolate and porose-scabrous above,
purple and more or less scaly beneath; gemmae none. Monoecious or
dioecious. Receptacle peduncled, hemispherical or conoidal, 3--4-lobed.
Involucres as many, 1-fruited, each a distention of the lobe. Capsule
filling the involucre, circumscissile in the middle, the calyptra
persistent at its base. Antheridia in an oval or obcordate disk immersed
in the apex of the thallus. (Named for _D. Grimaldi_, an Italian
botanist.)
1. G. barbifrons, Bisch. (Pl. 23.) Thallus linear-obcuneate, 3--6''
long, 1--2'' wide, 2-lobed at the apex, pale green with usually distinct
whitish pores, the scales beneath often extending far beyond the margin
and becoming whitish; peduncle profusely chaffy at base and apex,
sometimes much reduced; antheridial disks obcordate. (Including G.
sessilis, _Sulliv._)--Thin soil on rocks, Conn. and N. J. to Iowa; rare
or local. (Eu.)
2. G. rupestris, Lindenb. Thallus 3--6'' long, 1--3'' wide, with
membranous margins; receptacle small, hemispherical, 1--4-fruited, the
peduncle about 1' high, sparingly scaly at base, barbulate at the apex;
involucre short, crenulate; spores tuberculate. (Duvalia rupestris,
_Nees_.)--On calcareous or shaly rocks, N. Y. and Ohio. (Eu.)
6. ASTERELLA, Beauv. (Pl. 22.)
Thallus rigid, very indistinctly porose, the midrib broad, strong and
distinct. Receptacle conic-hemispheric, becoming flattened, 1--6-
(usually 4-) lobed. Monoecious. Involucres coherent with the lobes,
1-fruited, 2-valved. Calyptra minute, lacerate, persistent at the base
of the capsule. Capsule greenish, rupturing by irregular narrow teeth or
by a fragmentary operculum. Elaters moderately long, mostly 2-spiral.
Spores tuberculate. Antheridia in sessile lunate disks. (Diminutive of
_aster_, a star, from the form of the receptacle.)
1. A. hemisphaerica, Beauv. Thallus forking and increasing by joints,
pale green, purple beneath; receptacle papillose on the summit (less so
at maturity); peduncle bearded at base and apex, 3/4--1' long, often 2--3
times longer after maturity. (Reboulia hemisphaerica, _Raddi._)--Shaded
banks, chiefly along streams; more common southward.--A smaller form or
perhaps variety (Reboulia microcephala, _Nees_; R. Sullivantii, _Lehm._)
occurs in Penn., Ohio, and southward. (Eu.)
7. DUMORTIERA, Nees. (Pl. 22.)
Thallus large, thin, soft, with a slight costa, dichotomous, usually
with scattered hair-like rootlets beneath; gemmae none. Receptacle
convex, 2--8-lobed. Involucres 1-fruited, connate with the lobes
beneath, horizontal, opening by a vertical terminal slit. Capsule
distinctly pedicelled, oblong-globose, dehiscing by 4--6 irregular
valves. Elaters 2--3-spiral, parietal, very long, straight, attenuate
both ways. Spores muriculate. Antheridia in a short peduncled disk
paleaceous beneath. (Named for _B. C. Dumortier_, a Belgian botanist.)
1. D. hirsuta, Nees. Thallus 2--5' long, 6--9'' wide, deep green,
becoming blackish, entire on the margins, naked above or with a delicate
appressed pubescence; dioecious; receptacle many-fruited, the margin
closely hairy; peduncle rather long, chaffy at the apex.--On moist
calcareous rocks, Easton, Penn. (_Porter_), and southward.
8. LUNULARIA, Micheli. (Pl. 25.)
Thallus oblong with rounded lobes, distinctly areolate and porose, with
imbricate sublunate scales beneath; gemmae in crescent-shaped
receptacles. Dioecious. Fertile receptacle usually cruciately divided
into 4 horizontal segments or involucres, which are tubular, vertically
bilabiate and 1-fruited. Calyptra included, persistent. Capsule
exserted, 4--8-valved. Elaters short, very slender, mostly free. Spores
nearly smooth. Antheridia borne in the apical sinus of the thallus.
(Name from _lunula_, a little moon.)
L. VULGARIS, Raddi. Thallus 1--2' long, forked, innovating from the
apex, with a somewhat diffuse costa; peduncle very hairy, 1--11/2'
long.--Introduced into greenhouses; always sterile, but easily
recognized by the characteristic receptacles. (L. cruciata, _Dumort._)
(Int. from Eu.)
ORDER 140. RICCIACEAE.
Plant-body a dichotomously branching thallus, terrestrial or aquatic.
Capsules short-pedicelled, or sessile on the thallus, or immersed in its
substance, free or connate with the calyptra, globose, at length
rupturing irregularly. Calyptra crowned with a more or less deciduous
point. Elaters none. Spores usually angular, reticulate or muriculate.
Antheridia ovate, immersed in the thallus in flask-shaped cavities with
protruding orifices (_ostioles_).
1. Riccia. Capsule immersed in the thallus. Involucre none.
2. Sphaerocarpus. Capsule sessile on the thallus. Involucre
inflated-pyriform.
1. RICCIA, Micheli. (Pl. 22.)