hairs, the upper lobes acute or middle one acuminate_; corolla 4--5''
long; other wise like the last.--A western form, from Neb.
southwestward, and extending eastward (Ont., and near Philadelphia).
4. AJUGA, L.
Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla with very short and as if truncate upper lip;
the large and spreading lower lip with the middle lobe emarginate or
2-cleft. Stamens as in Teucrium, but anther-cells less confluent. (From
[Greek: a-] privative, and [Greek: zygo/n] (Latin _jugum_), _yoke_, from
the seeming absence of a yoke-fellow to the lower lip of the corolla.)
A. REPTANS, L. Perennial, about 1 deg. high, with copious creeping stolons;
leaves obovate or spatulate, sometimes sinuate, the cauline
sessile, the floral approximate, subtending several sessile blue
flowers.--Naturalized near Saco, Maine, Montreal, etc. (Eu., N. Asia.)
5. COLLINSONIA, L. HORSE-BALM.
Calyx ovate, enlarged and declined in fruit, 2-lipped; upper lip
truncate and flattened, 3-toothed, the lower 2-cleft. Corolla elongated,
expanded at the throat, somewhat 2-lipped, the tube with a bearded ring
within; the 4 upper lobes nearly equal, but the lower much larger and
longer, pendent, toothed or lacerate-fringed. Stamens 2 (sometimes 4,
the upper pair shorter), much exserted, diverging; anther-cells
divergent.--Strong-scented perennials, with large ovate leaves, and
yellowish flowers on slender pedicels, in loose and panicled terminal
racemes. (Named in honor of _Peter Collinson_, a well-known patron of
science and correspondent of Linnaeus, who introduced it into England.)
1. C. Canadensis, L. (RICH-WEED. STONE-ROOT.) Nearly smooth (1--3 deg.
high); leaves serrate, pointed, petioled (3--6' long); panicle loose;
corolla 8--9'' long, lemon-scented; stamens 2.--Rich moist woods, N.
Brunswick to Wisc., south to Fla. and Mo. July--Sept.
6. PERILLA, L.
Calyx as in Collinsonia. Corolla-tube included, the limb 5-cleft; lower
lobe a little larger. Stamens 4, included, erect, distant.--Coarse
aromatic annual, with small flowers in panicled and axillary racemes. (A
Greek and Latin proper name.)
P. OCYMOIDES, L. Erect, branching, 2--3 deg. high; leaves ovate, coarsely
toothed; flowers white.--About dwellings and roadsides, S. Ill.
(_Schneck._) (Adv. from E. Asia.)
7. MENTHA, Tourn. MINT.
Calyx bell-shaped or tubular, 5-toothed, equal or nearly so. Corolla
with a short included tube; the bell-shaped border somewhat equally
4-cleft; the upper lobe broadest, entire or notched. Stamens 4, equal,
erect, distant.--Odorous perennial herbs; the small flowers mostly in
close clusters, forming axillary capitate whorls, sometimes approximated
in interrupted spikes, produced in summer, of two sorts as to the
fertility of the stamens in most species. Corolla pale purple or
whitish. Species mostly adventive or naturalized from Europe, with many
hybrids. ([Greek: Mi/nthe] of Theophrastus, from a Nymph of that name,
fabled to have been changed into Mint by Proserpine.)
[*] _Spikes narrow and leafless, densely crowded; leaves sessile or
nearly so._
M. SYLVESTRIS, L. (HORSE MINT of Eu.) _Finely pubescent or canescent;
leaves ovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate_, acute, sharply serrate,
often glabrous above; spikes rather slender, _canescently
pubescent_.--Roadsides, etc., Penn.--Var. ALOPECUROIDES, Baker. Leaves
larger, more nearly sessile, broadly oval and obtuse, often subcordate,
coarsely serrate, more veiny, but not rugose; approaching the
next.--Penn. and N. J.
M. ROTUNDIFOLIA, L. _Soft-hairy_ or downy; _leaves_ broadly elliptical
to _round-ovate_ and somewhat heart-shaped, _rugose_, crenate-toothed;
spikes slender, _not canescent_.--Atlantic States, at a few stations,
Maine to Tex.
M. VIRIDIS, L. (SPEARMINT.) _Nearly smooth; leaves oblong- or
ovate-lanceolate_, unequally serrate; bracts linear-lanceolate and
subulate, conspicuous.--Wet places; in all cultivated districts.
[*][*] _Flowers pedicellate, less crowded, in interrupted leafless
spikes, or some in the upper axils; leaves petioled._
M. PIPERITA, L. (PEPPERMINT.) _Glabrous_ (somewhat hairy in var.
SUBHIRSUTA), very pungent-tasted; leaves ovate-oblong to
oblong-lanceolate, acute, sharply serrate; _spikes narrow,
loose_.--Along brooks, escaped everywhere.
M. AQUATICA, L. (WATER MINT.) _Pubescent_ or smoothish; leaves ovate or
round-ovate; flowers in a terminal _globular or interrupted and oblong
head_, often with one or more clusters in the axils of the upper leaves;
calyx and usually the pedicels hairy. The common form has the stems
_hairy downward_.--Wet places, N. Eng. to Del.; rare.--Var. CRISPA,
Benth., is a glabrous or glabrate form, with lacerate-dentate and
crisped leaves.--Ditches, N. J., etc.
[*][*][*] _Flowers in globular whorls or clusters, all in the axils of
the leaves, the uppermost axils not flower-bearing; leaves more, or less
petioled, toothed._
M. SATIVA, L. (WHORLED MINT.) _Stem hairy downward_; leaves ovate,
sharply serrate; calyx oblong-cylindrical with _very slender
teeth_.--Waste damp places, Mass. to Penn.; not common. Passes into the
next.
M. ARVENSIS, L. (CORN MINT.) Lower and smaller-leaved than the last;
leaves obtusely serrate; _calyx bell-shaped, the teeth short_ and
broader.--Moist fields, N. Eng., etc.; rare.
1. M. Canadensis, L. (WILD MINT.) _Leaves_ varying from ovate-oblong to
lanceolate, _tapering to both ends_; calyx oblong-bell-shaped, the teeth
rather short; hairs on the stem not conspicuously reflexed. The commoner
form is more or less hairy, and has nearly the odor of Pennyroyal.--Wet
places, through the northern U. States across the continent, and
northward.
Var. glabrata, Benth. Leaves and stems almost glabrous, the former
sometimes very short-petioled; scent sweeter, as of Monarda.--Similar
range.
8. LYCOPUS, Tourn. WATER HOREHOUND.
Calyx bell-shaped, 4--5-toothed, naked in the throat. Corolla
bell-shaped, scarcely longer than the calyx, nearly equally 4-lobed.
Stamens 2, distant; the upper pair either sterile rudiments or wanting.
Nutlets with thickened margins.--Perennial low herbs, glabrous or
puberulent, resembling Mints, with sharply toothed or pinnatifid leaves,
the floral ones similar and much longer than the dense axillary whorls
of small mostly white flowers; in summer. (Name compounded of [Greek:
ly/kos], _a wolf_, and [Greek: pou~s], _foot_, from some fancied
likeness in the leaves.)
[*] _Stoloniferous, the long filiform runners often tuberiferous; leaves
only serrate._
[+] _Calyx-teeth usually 4, barely acutish, shorter than the mature
nutlets._
1. L. Virginicus, L. (BUGLE-WEED.) Stem obtusely 4-angled (6'--2 deg. high);
leaves oblong or ovate-lanceolate, toothed, entire toward the base,
acuminate at both ends, short-petioled; calyx-teeth ovate.--Shady moist
places, Lab. to Fla., Mo., and northwestward across the continent.
[+][+] _Calyx-teeth usually 5, very acute, longer than the nutlets._
[++] _Bracts minute; corolla twice as long as the calyx._
2. L. sessilifolius, Gray. Stem rather acutely 4-angled; _leaves closely
sessile_, ovate or lanceolate-oblong (1--2' long), sparsely sharply
serrate; _calyx-teeth subulate, rigid_. (L. Europaeus, var.
sessilifolius, _Gray_, Man.)--Pine barrens of N. J. to Cape Cod, Mass.
(_Deane_).
3. L. rubellus, Moench. Stem rather obtusely 4-angled; leaves
_petioled_, ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, sharply serrate in the
middle, _attenuate-acuminate at both ends (3' long)_; calyx-teeth
triangular-subulate, _not rigid-pointed_. (L. Europaeus, var.
integrifolius, _Gray_.)--Penn. to Minn., and southward.
[++][++] _Outer bracts conspicuous; corolla hardly exceeding the calyx._
4. L. lucidus, Turcz., var. Americanus, Gray. Stem strict, stout, 2--3 deg.
high; leaves lanceolate and oblong-lanceolate (2--4' long), acute or
acuminate, very sharply and coarsely serrate, sessile or nearly so;
calyx-teeth attenuate-subulate.--Sask. and Minn. to Kan., thence west to
Calif.
[*][*] _Not stoloniferous; leaves incised or pinnatifid._
5. L. sinuatus, Ell. Stem erect, 1--3 deg. high, acutely 4-angled; leaves
oblong or lanceolate (11/2--2' long), acuminate, irregularly incised or
laciniate-pinnatifid, or some of the upper merely sinuate, tapering to a
slender petiole; calyx-teeth short-cuspidate; sterile filaments slender,
conspicuous, with globular or spatulate tips. (L. Europaeus, var.
sinuatus, _Gray_.)--Common.
9. CUNILA, L. DITTANY.
Calyx ovate-tubular, equally 5-toothed, very hairy in the throat.
Corolla 2-lipped; upper lip erect, flattish, mostly notched; the lower
spreading, 3-cleft. Stamens 2, erect, exserted, distant; sterile
filaments short, minute.--Perennials, with small white or purplish
flowers, in corymbed cymes or clusters. (An ancient Latin name, of
unknown origin.)
1. C. Mariana, L. (COMMON DITTANY.) Stems tufted, corymbosely much
branched (1 deg. high); leaves smooth, ovate, serrate, rounded or
heart-shaped at base, nearly sessile, dotted (1' long); cymes peduncled;
calyx striate.--Dry hills, southern N. Y. to S. Ind., south to Ga. and
Ark.
10. HYSSOPUS, Tourn. HYSSOP.
Calyx tubular, 15-nerved, equally 5-toothed, naked in the throat.
Corolla short, 2-lipped; upper lip erect, flat, obscurely notched, the
lower 3-cleft, with the middle lobe larger and 2-cleft. Stamens 4,
exserted, diverging.--Perennial herb, with wand-like simple branches,
lanceolate or linear entire leaves, and blue-purple flowers in small
clusters, crowded in a spike. (The ancient name.)
H. OFFICINALIS, L.--Roadsides, etc., sparingly escaped from gardens.
(Adv. from Eu.)
11. PYCNANTHEMUM, Michx. MOUNTAIN MINT. BASIL.
Calyx ovate-oblong or tubular, about 13-nerved, equally 5-toothed, or
the three upper teeth more or less united, naked in the throat. Corolla
short, more or less 2-lipped; the upper lip straight, nearly flat,
entire or slightly notched; the lower 3-cleft, its lobes all ovate and
obtuse. Stamens 4, distant, the lower pair rather longer; anther-cells
parallel.--Perennial upright herbs, with a pungent mint-like flavor,
corymbosely branched above, the floral leaves often whitened; the
many-flowered whorls dense, crowded with bracts, and usually forming
terminal heads or close cymes. Corolla whitish or purplish, the lips
mostly dotted with purple. Fl. summer and early autumn.--Varies, like
the Mints, with the stamens exserted or included in different flowers.
(Name composed of [Greek: pykno/s], _dense_, and [Greek: a)/nthemon], _a
blossom_, from the dense inflorescence.)
[*] _Bracts and equal calyx-teeth awn-tipped, rigid, naked, as long as
the corolla; flowers in rather dense mostly terminal heads; leaves
rigid, slightly petioled._
1. P. aristatum, Michx. Minutely hoary-puberulent (1--2 deg. high); leaves
ovate-oblong and oblong-lanceolate, acute, sparingly denticulate-serrate
(1--2' long), roundish at the base.--Pine barrens, N. J. to Fla. and La.
Var. hyssopifolium, Gray. Leaves narrowly oblong or broadly linear,
nearly entire and obtuse.--Va. to Fla.
[*][*] _Bracts and equal and similar calyx-teeth not awned._
[+] _Leaves linear or lanceolate, nearly sessile, entire, very numerous;
capitate glomerules small and numerous, densely cymose, imbricated with
many short appressed rigid bracts._
2. P. lanceolatum, Pursh. _Smoothish or minutely pubescent_ (2 deg. high);
_leaves lanceolate or lance-linear_, obtuse at base; _heads downy_;
bracts ovate or lanceolate; _calyx-teeth short and triangular_.--Dry
thickets, Mass. to Dak., south to Ga. and Ark.
3. P. linifolium, Pursh. _Smoother and leaves narrower_ and heads less
downy than in the last; the narrower _bracts and lance-awl-shaped
calyx-teeth pungently pointed_.--Dry ground, Mass. to Minn., south to
Fla. and Tex.
[+][+] _Leaves lanceolate to ovate, sessile or nearly so, denticulate or
entire; heads larger and fewer, with fewer and looser bracts._
4. P. muticum, Pers. _Minutely hoary_ throughout, or becoming almost
smooth, corymbosely much branched (1--21/2 deg. high); _leaves ovate or
broadly ovate-lanceolate_, varying to lanceolate, _rather rigid, acute,
rounded or slightly heart-shaped at base_, mostly sessile and minutely
sharp-toothed, prominently veined, green when old; _the floral ones_,
short bracts, and triangular or ovate calyx-teeth, _hoary with a fine
close down_; flower-clusters very dense.--Maine to S. Ill., south to
Fla. and Ark.
Var. pilosum, Gray. Hoary with loose pubescence; leaves thinner,
oblong-lanceolate, mostly acute or acutish at base; bracts and
especially the narrower (often somewhat unequal) calyx-teeth often
villous-pubescent. (P. pilosum, _Nutt._)--Ohio to Iowa, Kan., and Ark.
5. P. leptodon, Gray. _Soft-pubescent_, or glabrate below, loosely
branched; _leaves membranaceous, green_ (11/2--2' long), _lanceolate or
oblong-lanceolate_, subsessile; clusters larger and looser,
canescent-hirsute; _long-acuminate bracts and calyx-teeth
slender-subulate, villous-hirsute_.--S. Mo. to northwestern N. C.
[+][+][+] _Leaves linear- or oblong-lanceolate, short-petioled, not at
all hoary; flowers in mostly terminal dense capitate clusters; calyx
hoary-pubescent._
6. P. Torreyi, Benth. _Puberulent_; stem strict and nearly simple (2--3 deg.
high); _leaves thin, linear-lanceolate_, tapering to both ends (mostly
2' long and 2--3'' wide), _nearly entire_; heads small; awl-shaped
calyx-teeth and mostly appressed bracts canescent.--Dry soil, southern
N. Y. to Penn. and Del.
7. P. clinopodioides, Gray. _Pubescent; leaves broadly or
oblong-lanceolate, sharply denticulate_ (sometimes entire); heads fewer
and larger; bracts loose.--Dry soil, southern N. Y. to E. Penn.
[*][*][*] _Calyx bilabiate (3 upper teeth united), the teeth and the
tips of the loose bracts not rigid; flowers in dense flattened glomerate
cymes; leaves thin, mostly serrate, petioled, the uppermost more or less
canescent._
8. P. Tullia, Benth. Leaves greener and _loosely soft-downy_, only the
floral ones whitened, otherwise resembling those of the next; cymes
dense; _bracts much surpassing the flowers_, their long awn-like points
and the awn-pointed calyx-teeth bearded with long loose hairs.--S. Va.
and N. C. to Tenn. and Ga.
9. P. incanum, Michx. _Leaves_ ovate-oblong, acute, remotely toothed,
_downy above and mostly hoary with whitish wool underneath, the
uppermost whitened both sides; cymes open_; bracts linear-awl-shaped
and, with the calyx-teeth, more or less awn-pointed.--N. Eng. to Ont.
and Ind., south to Fla. and Tex.
[*][*][*][*] _Calyx equally 5-toothed; heads few, large and globose
(terminal and in the upper axils of the thin petioled leaves); bracts
loose, ciliate-bearded._
10. P. montanum, Michx. Stem (1--3 deg. high) and ovate- or
oblong-lanceolate serrate leaves glabrous; bracts very acute or
awl-pointed, the outermost ovate and leaf-like, the inner linear; teeth
of the tubular calyx short and acute.--Alleghanies, from S. Va. and
Tenn. to Ga. and Ala.
12. ORIGANUM, Tourn. WILD MARJORAM.
Calyx ovate-bell-shaped, hairy in the throat, striate, 5-toothed. Tube
of the corolla about the length of the calyx, 2-lipped; the upper lip
rather erect and slightly notched, the lower longer, of 3 nearly equal
spreading lobes. Stamens 4, exserted, diverging.--Perennials, with
nearly entire leaves, and purplish flowers crowded in cylindrical or
oblong spikes, imbricated with colored bracts. (An ancient Greek name,
composed of [Greek: o)/ros], _a mountain_, and [Greek: ga/nos],
_delight_.)
O. VULGARE, L. Upright, hairy, corymbose at the summit; leaves petioled,
round-ovate; bracts ovate, obtuse, purplish.--Roadsides, Atlantic
States. June--Oct. (Nat. from Eu.)
13. THYMUS, Tourn. THYME.
Calyx ovate, 2-lipped, 13-nerved, hairy in the throat; the upper lip
3-toothed, spreading; the lower 2-cleft, with the awl-shaped divisions
ciliate. Corolla short, slightly 2-lipped; the upper lip straight and
flattish, notched at the apex, the lower 3-cleft. Stamens 4, straight
and distant, usually exserted.--Low perennials, with small and entire
strongly-veined leaves, and purplish or whitish flowers. (The ancient
Greek name of the Thyme, probably from [Greek: thy/o], _to burn
perfume_, because it was used for incense.)
T. SERPYLLUM, L. (CREEPING THYME.) Prostrate; leaves green, flat, ovate,
entire, short-petioled; flowers crowded at the ends of the
branches.--Old fields, E. Mass. to Penn. (Adv. from Eu.)
14. SATUREIA, Tourn. SAVORY.
Calyx bell shaped, 10-nerved, equally 5-toothed, naked in the throat.
Corolla 2-lipped; the upper lip erect, flat, nearly entire, the lower
3-cleft. Stamens 4, somewhat ascending.--Aromatic plants, with narrow
entire leaves, often clustered, and somewhat spiked purplish flowers.
(The ancient Latin name.)
S. HORTENSIS, L. (SUMMER SAVORY.) Pubescent annual; clusters
few-flowered; bracts small or none.--Escaping from gardens and sparingly
wild in Ohio to Ill., etc. (Adv. from Eu.)
15. CALAMINTHA, Tourn. CALAMINT.
Calyx tubular, 13-nerved, mostly hairy in the throat, 2-lipped; the
upper lip 3-cleft, the lower 2-cleft. Corolla with a straight tube and
an inflated throat, distinctly 2-lipped; the upper lip erect, flattish,
entire or notched; the lower spreading, 3-parted, the middle lobe
usually largest. Stamens 4, mostly ascending; the anthers usually
approximate in pairs.--Perennials, with mostly purplish or whitish
flowers, produced all summer; inflorescence various. (Name composed of
[Greek: kalo/s], _beautiful_, and [Greek: mi/ntha], _Mint_.)
Sec. 1. _Flowers loose, without long-subulate bracts; calyx villous in the
throat._
[*] _Pubescent; peduncles short but mostly distinct; bracts minute._
C. NEPETA, Link. (BASIL-THYME.) Soft-hairy; stem ascending (1--3 deg. high);
leaves petioled, broadly ovate, obtuse, crenate; corolla (3'' long)
twice the length of the calyx.--Dry waste grounds, Md. to Ark. (Nat.
from Eu.)
[*][*] _Glabrous or nearly so; common peduncles hardly any; pedicels
1--5, slender, the conspicuous bracts subulate-acuminate; on wet
limestone river-banks._
1. C. glabella, Benth. Smooth; _stems diffuse or spreading (1--2 deg.
long)_; leaves slightly petioled, _oblong or oblong-linear_, narrowed at
base (8''--2' long), _sparingly toothed_ or nearly entire; clusters
3--5-flowered; corolla (purplish, 5--6'' long) fully twice the length of
the calyx.--S. Ind., Ky., and Tenn.
2. C. Nuttallii, Gray. Smaller; the flowering stems more upright (5--9'
high), _with narrower mostly entire leaves and fewer-flowered clusters,
while sterile runners from the base bear ovate thickish leaves only
2--5'' long_. (C. glabella, var. Nuttallii, _Gray_.)--Niagara Falls to
Minn., south to Mo. and Tex.
Sec. 2. _Flowers in sessile dense many-flowered clusters, and involucrate
with conspicuous setaceous-subulate rigid bracts; calyx nearly naked in
the throat._
3. C. Clinopodium, Benth. (BASIL.) Hairy, erect (1--2 deg. high); leaves
ovate, petioled, nearly entire; flowers (pale purple) in globular
clusters; hairy bracts as long as the calyx.--Borders of thickets and
fields, naturalized extensively, but indigenous from the Great Lakes to
the Rocky Mts. (Eu., Asia)
16. MELISSA, L. BALM.
Calyx with the upper lip flattened and 3-toothed, the lower 2-cleft.
Corolla with a recurved-ascending tube. Stamens 4, curved and conniving
under the upper lip. Otherwise nearly as Calamintha.--Clusters
few-flowered, loose, one-sided, with few and mostly ovate bracts
resembling the leaves. (Name from [Greek: me/lissa], _a bee_; the
flowers yielding abundance of honey.)
M. OFFICINALIS, L. (COMMON BALM.) Upright, branching, perennial,
pubescent; leaves broadly ovate, crenate-toothed, lemon-scented; corolla
nearly white.--Sparingly escaped from gardens. (Nat. from Eu.)
17. HEDEOMA, Pers. MOCK PENNYROYAL.
Calyx ovoid or tubular, gibbous on the lower side near the base,
13-nerved, bearded in the throat, 2-lipped; upper lip 3-toothed, the
lower 2-cleft. Corolla 2-lipped; upper lip erect, flat, notched at the
apex, the lower spreading, 3-cleft. Fertile stamens 2; the upper pair
reduced to sterile filaments or wanting.--Low, odorous annuals, with
small leaves, and loose axillary clusters of flowers (in summer), often
forming terminal leafy racemes. (Altered from [Greek: e(dyo/smon], an
ancient name of Mint, from its sweet scent.)
[*] _Sterile filaments manifest; leaves oblong-ovate, petioled, somewhat
serrate._
1. H. pulegioides, Pers. (AMERICAN PENNYROYAL.) Erect, branching, hairy;
whorls few-flowered; upper calyx-teeth triangular, the lower
setaceous-subulate; corolla (bluish, pubescent) scarcely exserted
(2--3'' long); taste and odor nearly of the true _Pennyroyal_ (Mentha
Pulegium) of Europe.--Common from N. Eng. to Dak., and southward.
[*][*] _Sterile filaments minute or obsolete; leaves narrow, entire,
sessile or nearly so._
2. H. hispida, Pursh. Mostly low; _leaves linear, crowded, almost
glabrous_, somewhat hispid-ciliate; _bracts spreading or reflexed_;
upper flowers rather crowded; _calyx-teeth all subulate_, equalling the
bluish corolla.--Plains, Minn. and Dak. to W. Ill. and La.
3. H. Drummondi, Benth. _Pubescent or puberulent_, a span or two high;
_leaves oblong to linear; bracts mostly erect_; calyx hirsute or hispid,
its teeth at length connivent, _the lower nearly twice as long as the
upper_.--Central Neb. and Kan. to Tex., and westward.
18. SALVIA, L. SAGE.
Calyx 2-lipped; upper lip 3-toothed or entire, the lower 2-cleft.
Corolla deeply 2-lipped, ringent; upper lip straight or scythe-shaped,
entire or barely notched, the lower spreading or pendent, 3-lobed, its
middle lobe larger. Stamens 2, on short filaments, jointed with the
elongated transverse connective, one end of which, ascending under the
upper lip, bears a linear 1-celled (half-) anther, the other, usually
descending, bears an imperfect or deformed (half-) anther or none at
all.--Flowers mostly large and showy, in spiked, racemed, or panicled
whorls, produced in summer. (Name from _salvo_, to save, in allusion to
the reputed healing qualities of Sage.)
[*] _Both anther-cells polliniferous; leaves mostly lyrately lobed or
pinnatifid._
1. S. lyrata, L. (LYRE-LEAVED SAGE.) Low perennial (10--20' high),
somewhat hairy; stem nearly simple and naked; root-leaves lyre-shaped or
sinuate-pinnatifid, sometimes almost entire; those of the stem mostly a
single pair, smaller and narrower; the floral oblong-linear, not longer
than the calyx; whorls loose and distant, forming an interrupted raceme;
upper lip of the blue-purple pubescent corolla (nearly 1' long) short,
straight, not vaulted.--Woodlands and meadows, N. J. to Ill., south to
Fla. and Tex.
[*][*] _Lower anther-cell wanting; the sterile ends of the connectives
mostly united._
[+] _Calyx obscurely bilabiate; corolla 8--12'' long, with prominently
exserted tube._
2. S. azurea, Lam., var. grandiflora, Benth. Cinereous-puberulent, 1--5 deg.
high; lower leaves lanceolate or oblong, obtuse, denticulate or serrate,
tapering to a short petiole; upper narrower, often linear, entire;
inflorescence spike-like, tomentulose-sericeous; calyx-teeth short, the
broad upper lip entire; corolla deep blue (varying to white).--E. Neb.
to Miss., Tex., and Col.
[+][+] _Calyx deeply bilabiate; corolla 4--6'' long, the tube hardly at
all exserted._