C. Boyntoni. C. Brainerdi.
C. lucorum.
In the southern part of the State-- C. roanensis.
C. beata.
C. berberifolia. C. villipes.
C. denaria. C. Pringlei.
C. fecunda.
C. ovata.
[Illustration: Plate 98.
CRATÆGUS PHÆNOPYRUM (Linnæus filius) Medicus. Washington Thorn.
(× 1/2.)]
=AMYGDALÀCEAE.= The Plum Family.
Trees or shrubs with alternate, simple, petioled and usually serrate
leaves; flowers perfect, calyx and corolla 5 numerous, stamens 15-30;
fruit a 1-seeded drupe.
The characters which separate the species are not at all constant, and
the species often vary much in the extremes of their range.
=PRÙNUS.= The Plums and Cherries.
Flowers in umbel like clusters, or somewhat corymbose,
appearing before or with the leaves on branchlets
of the preceding year.
Margins of leaves with sharp teeth.
Petioles glabrous beneath 1 P. americana.
Petioles more or less pubescent all around. 2 P. americana
var. lanata.
Margins of leaves with blunt or crenate teeth.
Teeth of center of leaves about 10 per cm.; calyx lobes
glandular; fruit more than 10 mm. in diameter.
Principal leaves of fruiting branches generally
more than 4 cm. broad; flowers white and
generally more than 17 mm. wide. 3 P. nigra.
Principal leaves of fruiting branches generally
less than 4 cm. broad; flowers white which on
age show a tinge of pink and generally less
than 17 mm. wide. 4 P. hortulana.
Teeth of center of leaves about 20 per cm.; calyx
lobes glandless; fruit less than 10 mm. in
diameter. 5 P. pennsylvanica.
Flowers in racemes, appearing after the leaves on
twigs of the present year 6 P. serotina.
=1. Prunus americàna= Marshall. Wild Red Plum. Plate 99. Small trees
with crooked branches; bark of old trees exfoliating in irregular
plates; twigs smooth; leaves obovate or oval, 5-9 cm. long, 2.5-5 cm.
wide, narrowed or sometimes rounded at the base, acuminate at apex,
margins sharply serrate or doubly serrate, glabrous above and smooth
below, or hairy on the veins and sometimes more or less pubescent over
the whole under surface, inner surface of petiole more or less hairy and
sometimes bearing one or two glands; flowers appear in April or May
before or with the leaves in clusters of 2-4 or sometimes singly, about
2 cm. in diameter, calyx smooth or with some hairs near the base of the
lobes which are pubescent within and smooth or hairy without, lobes
entire or cut-toothed above the middle, glandless or with inconspicuous
glands; fruit ripens in August or September, usually globose, about 2
cm. in diameter, red; stone doubly convex, oval to nearly orbicular,
surface usually smooth.
[Illustration: Plate 99.