a. Leaves 1.5-6 cm. (1/2-2-1/2 inches) long and wide,
membranaceous; calyx lobes usually entire.
Leaves yellow-green, often slightly pubescent; fruit soft
at maturity. VI. Tenuifoliæ.
Fruit ellipsoidal, ovoid or
pyriform. 12 C. macrosperma.
Fruit compressed, globose or
subglobose. 13 C. basilica.
Leaves blue-green, glabrous; fruit hard at
maturity. VII. Pruinosæ.
Leaves elliptic-ovate. 14 C. Jesupi.
Leaves usually cordate.
Fruit conspicuously angled,
strongly pruinose. 15 C. rugosa.
Fruit without conspicuous
angles, slightly pruinose. 16 C. filipes.
Leaves usually cuneate.
Leaves deltoid. 17 C. Gattingeri.
Leaves ovate. 18 C. pruinosa.
b. Leaves 3-10 cm. (1-4 inches) long and wide;
calyx lobes usually serrate. VIII. Coccineæ.
Mature leaves usually glabrous above; young
foliage bronze-green; anthers pink.
Corymbs and fruit glabrous. 19 C. coccinioides.
Corymbs and fruit pubescent or
tomentose. 20 C. coccinea.
Mature leaves tomentose above;
young foliage yellow-green;
anthers yellow. 21 C. mollis.
B. Leaves conspicuously deltoid-cordate. IX. Cordatæ.
22 C. Phænopyrum.
=1. Crataegus Crus-gálli= Linnæus. Cock-spur Thorn. Newcastle Thorn.
Plate 77. Bark dark gray, scaly; spines many, strong, straight, 3-18 cm.
(1-7 inches) long; leaves obovate to elliptical, 2-10 cm. (3/4-4 inches)
long, 1-4 cm. (1/4-1-1/2 inches) wide, sharply serrate, except towards
the base, acute or rounded at the apex, cuneate, dark green and shining
above, coriaceous, glabrous or occasionally slightly pubescent; petioles
slightly winged above, glandless, 1-2 cm. (3/8-3/4 inch) long; corymbs
glabrous or occasionally pubescent, many flowered; flowers appear in May
or June, about 1.5 cm. (2/3 inch) wide; stamens 10-20; anthers usually
pink; calyx lobes lanceolate-acuminate, entire; styles and nutlets
usually 2; fruit ripens in October, ellipsoidal-ovoid to subglobose,
about 1 cm. (3/8 inch) thick, greenish to red; flesh hard and dry,
rather thin.
=Distribution.=--Northern New York to Ontario, eastern Kansas and south
through western Connecticut to Georgia and Texas. Introduced near
Montreal, about Lake Champlain and Nantucket Island. Well distributed in
Indiana (but apparently more common in the southern part of the State).
A small tree, sometimes 10 m. (35 feet) high, with spreading branches
and a broad crown; but often a large shrub. This is a variable species
and has received many names.
I have seen specimens from the following counties: Allen (Deam);
Crawford (Deam); Dearborn (Deam); Decatur (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam); Delaware
(Deam); Dubois (Deam); Franklin (Deam); Gibson (Schneck), (Deam); Grant
(Deam); Hancock (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam); Jackson (Deam); Knox (Schneck);
Lawrence (Deam); Marion (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam); Posey (Deam); Owen
(Grimes); Randolph (Deam); Scott (Deam); Tippecanoe (Deam); Vermillion
(Deam); Vigo (Blatchley); Washington (Deam); Wells (Deam).
=2. Crataegus cuneifórmis= (Marshall) Eggleston. (_C. pausiaca_ Ashe).
Marshall's Thorn. Plate 78. Bark dark brown, scaly; spines numerous,
2-18 cm. (3/4-7 inches) long; leaves oblanceolate-obovate, acute at the
apex, cuneate at the base, serrate or doubly serrate 3-6 cm. (1/2-1-1/2
inches) wide, dark vivid yellow-green, glabrous and impressed veined
above when mature, subcoriaceous; petioles 1-2 cm. (3/8-3/4 inch) long,
slightly winged above; corymbs usually slightly pubescent, many
flowered; flowers appear in May, 1.2-1.5 cm. (1/2-2/3 inch) wide; calyx
lobes lanceolate-acuminate, entire; stamens, 10-15; anthers dark pink;
styles and nutlets 2-4; fruit ripens in October, ellipsoidal-pyriform,
scarlet or dark red, about 8 mm. (3/8 inch) thick, flesh hard, thick.
=Distribution.=--Western New York and Pennsylvania to southwestern
Virginia, west to central Illinois.
[Illustration: Plate 77.