=========+==========
Specific | Per cent
gravity | solids
at 68° F.|_in vacuo_
|at 70° C.
---------+----------
1.0145 | 3.30
1.0150 | 3.42
1.0155 | 3.55
1.0160 | 3.67
1.0165 | 3.80
|
1.0170 | 3.92
1.0175 | 4.05
1.0180 | 4.18
1.0185 | 4.30
1.0190 | 4.43
|
1.0195 | 4.56
1.0200 | 4.68
1.0205 | 4.81
1.0210 | 4.93
1.0215 | 5.05
|
1.0220 | 5.17
1.0225 | 5.30
1.0230 | 5.43
1.0235 | 5.55
1.0240 | 5.67
|
1.0245 | 5.80
1.0250 | 5.92
1.0255 | 6.04
1.0260 | 6.16
1.0265 | 6.28
|
1.0270 | 6.40
1.0275 | 6.53
1.0280 | 6.65
1.0285 | 6.77
1.0290 | 6.90
|
1.0295 | 7.02
1.0300 | 7.14
1.0305 | 7.26
1.0310 | 7.38
1.0315 | 7.50
|
1.0320 | 7.63
1.0325 | 7.75
1.0330 | 7.88
1.0335 | 8.00
1.0340 | 8.12
|
1.0345 | 8.25
1.0350 | 8.37
1.0355 | 8.50
1.0360 | 8.62
1.0365 | 8.74
|
1.0370 | 8.86
1.0375 | 8.98
1.0380 | 9.10
1.0385 | 9.23
1.0390 | 9.35
|
1.0395 | 9.48
1.0400 | 9.60
1.0405 | 9.73
1.0410 | 9.85
1.0415 | 9.97
|
1.0420 | 10.10
1.0425 | 10.22
1.0430 | 10.35
1.0435 | 10.47
1.0440 | 10.60
|
1.0445 | 10.72
1.0450 | 10.84
1.0455 | 10.96
1.0460 | 11.08
1.0465 | 11.20
|
1.0470 | 11.33
1.0475 | 11.45
1.0480 | 11.57
1.0485 | 11.70
1.0490 | 11.82
|
1.0495 | 11.95
1.0500 | 12.07
1.0505 | 12.20
1.0510 | 12.32
1.0515 | 12.45
|
1.0520 | 12.57
1.0525 | 12.69
1.0530 | 12.81
1.0535 | 12.93
1.0540 | 13.05
|
1.0545 | 13.18
1.0550 | 13.30
1.0555 | 13.42
1.0560 | 13.55
1.0565 | 13.67
|
1.0570 | 13.80
1.0575 | 13.92
1.0580 | 14.05
1.0585 | 14.17
1.0590 | 14.29
|
1.0595 | 14.42
1.0600 | 14.54
1.0605 | 14.67
1.0610 | 14.79
1.0620 | 15.03
|
1.0630 | 15.27
1.0640 | 15.52
1.0650 | 15.77
1.0660 | 16.02
1.0670 | 16.27
|
1.0680 | 16.52
1.0690 | 16.77
1.0700 | 17.02
1.0710 | 17.27
1.0720 | 17.51
|
1.0730 | 17.76
1.0740 | 18.00
1.0750 | 18.25
1.0760 | 18.50
1.0770 | 18.75
|
1.0780 | 18.99
1.0790 | 19.24
1.0800 | 19.48
1.0810 | 19.72
1.0820 | 19.97
|
1.0830 | 20.22
1.0840 | 20.47
1.0850 | 20.72
1.0860 | 20.96
1.0870 | 21.21
|
1.0880 | 21.46
1.0890 | 21.70
1.0900 | 21.95
1.0910 | 22.20
1.0920 | 22.45
|
1.0930 | 22.70
1.0940 | 22.94
1.0950 | 23.18
1.0960 | 23.43
1.0970 | 23.68
|
1.0980 | 23.93
1.0990 | 24.18
1.1000 | 24.43
1.1010 | 24.67
1.1020 | 24.92
|
1.1030 | 25.18
1.1040 | 25.42
1.1050 | 25.67
1.1060 | 25.91
1.1070 | 26.16
---------+----------
[20] This table gives the per cent of total solids contained by pulp
of different specific gravities varying from unconcentrated pulp as it
comes from the cyclone to the highly concentrated product.
Illustration: Suppose that when the cyclone juice is all added to the
tank the contents of which are vigorously boiling so that they are
doubtless of uniform composition, the volume is found by the gauge
stick to be 815 gallons. A sample of this partially evaporated pulp
is withdrawn and filtered and the filtrate is found to have a Brix
reading of 6.90. Let us suppose that the product is to be evaporated
to a pulp having a specific gravity of 1.035 and the operator desires
to know at what point to turn off the steam. By referring to Table 9
in the column headed by the figure 1.035, we find opposite the Brix
reading 6.90 the factor .834. Multiplying the volume of the pulp (815
gallons) by this factor, we obtain 680 gallons. It follows, therefore,
that the steam should be turned off when the evaporation has reached
such a point that the gauge stick shows the volume of pulp to be 680
gallons.
Table 9 may be used in the same way for calculating the volume of any
pulp, hot or cold, of any specified specific gravity equivalent to
a certain volume of pulp of any other stated specific gravity when
held at the same temperature. For instance, the illustration given
above serves equally well to illustrate how the relative value of two
finished pulps of different specific gravities may be calculated. It
also shows directly the relative value (based on tomato solids alone)
of the same volume of two pulps of different gravity.
Illustration: Suppose a shipment contains 1,000 cases of No. 10 cans
of pulp thought to have a specific gravity of 1.040 but found on
examination to have a specific gravity of 1.0365. What is the value of
the pulp in comparison with pulp of specific gravity of 1.040? Turning
in Table 9 to the figure 1.0365 in the left-hand column we follow
the horizontal line containing that figure to the column headed by
specific gravity 1.040. Here we find that .907 is the factor by which
to multiply the volume of pulp of a specific gravity 1.0365 to obtain
the equivalent volume of pulp of specific gravity 1.040. The answer to
our question therefore is 1000 × .907 = 907. In other words pulp of a
gravity of 1.0365 judged by the tomato solids it contains, has 90.7
per cent of the value of pulp of the gravity of 1.040.
Table 9 is based on the results obtained from a series of samples
of whole tomato pulp and cyclone juice varying in specific gravity
from 1.02 to 1.05. The table was extended by calculation to give
corresponding values for more dilute cyclone juices and more
concentrated products. The lower portion of the table has been
repeatedly confirmed by results obtained in the examination of cyclone
juice and pulp, but the figures in the higher portion of the table are
based on calculation from lower concentrations.
This table is only applicable to pulp to which no other substance, such
as salt, has been added. Salt if present to the extent of more than
0.25 per cent can be recognized by the taste. The amount of salt, when
any has been added, may be determined by the method given on page 33
and the specific gravity corrected by subtracting from the apparent
specific gravity 0.007 for each per cent of salt present. This gives
the specific gravity of the salt-free pulp and the corresponding per
cent of solids may be obtained from Table 9.