ADSCITITIOUS, ad-sit-ish'us, _adj._ added or assumed: additional. [L.
_adscisc[)e]re_, _-sc[=i]tum_, to take or assume--_ad_, to, _scisc[)e]re_,
to inquire--_sc[=i]re_, to know.]
ADSCRIPT, ad'skript, _adj._ written after: attached to the soil, of feudal
serfs--in this sense also used as a noun. [L. _adscriptus_--_ad_, to,
_scrib[)e]re_, to write.]
ADULATE, ad'[=u]-l[=a]t, _v.t._ to fawn upon, to flatter:--_pr.p._
ad'[=u]l[=a]ting; _pa.p._ ad'[=u]l[=a]ted.--_n._ AD'ULATOR, a servile
flatterer.--_adj._ ADULATORY (ad'[=u]-l[=a]-tor-i). [L. _adul[=a]ri_,
_adulatus_, to fawn upon.]
ADULATION, ad-[=u]-l[=a]'shun, _n._ fawning: flattery. [L. _adul[=a]ri_,
_adulatus_, to fawn upon.]
ADULLAMITE, ad-ul'am-[=i]t, _adj._ an inhabitant of Adullam, where was a
cave to which flocked from all sides to David in exile men in debt,
distress, or discontent (1 Sam. xxii. 1, 2). The name was applied by John
Bright in 1866 to a Whig secession from the Liberal party.
ADULT, ad-ult', _adj._ grown: mature.--_n._ a grown-up person.--_n._
ADULT'NESS. [L. _adultus_--_adolesc[)e]re_, to grow. See ADOLESCENT.]
ADULTERATE, ad-ult'[.e]r-[=a]t, _v.t._ to corrupt: to make impure (by
mixing).--_v.i._ (_obs._) to commit adultery.--_adj._ defiled by adultery:
spurious: corrupted by base elements.--_ns._ ADULT'ERANT, the person or
substance that adulterates; ADULTER[=A]'TION, the act of adulterating: the
state of being adulterated. [See ADULTERY.]
ADULTERY, ad-ult'[.e]r-i, _n._ violation of the marriage-bed, whether one's
own or another's: in Scripture applied loosely to unchastity
generally.--_n._ ADULT'ERER, a man guilty of adultery:--_fem._
ADULT'ERESS.--_adj._ ADULT'ERINE, resulting from adultery: spurious.--_n._
the offspring of adultery.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ ADULT'ERISE
(_arch._).--_adj._ ADULT'EROUS, guilty of adultery. [O. Fr. _avoutrie_,
_avoutre_, an adulterer--L. _adulterum_, prob. from _ad_, to, and _alter_,
another. The modern form of the word is due to a later approximation to the
Latin form.]
ADUMBRATE, ad-um'br[=a]t, or ad'-, _v.t._ to give a faint shadow of: to
exhibit imperfectly.--_adjs._ ADUM'BRANT, ADUM'BRATIVE, adumbrating or
giving a faint shadow.--_n._ ADUMBR[=A]'TION. [L. _adumbratus_,
_adumbr[=a]re_--_ad_, to, _umbra_, a shadow.]
ADUST, a-dust', _adj._ burnt up or scorched; browned with the sun. [L.
_adustus_, pa.p. of _adur[)e]re_, to burn up.]
ADVANCE, ad-vans', _v.t._ to put forward: to promote to a higher office: to
encourage the progress of: to propose: to supply beforehand: to pay before
the money is legally due, to pay on security.--_v.i._ to move or go
forward: to make progress: to rise in rank or in value.--_n._ progress:
improvement: a rise in price or value: a giving beforehand, also the sum so
given: a loan.--_n._ ADVANCE'MENT, promotion: improvement: payment of money
in advance.--IN ADVANCE, beforehand. [O. Fr. _avancer_--Late L. _abante_
(Fr. _avant_)--L. _ab ante_, from before.]
ADVANTAGE, ad-vant'[=a]j, _n._ superiority over another: gain or benefit:
at tennis, the point gained by either side after _deuce_, when both sides
stand at an equal score (more commonly VANT'AGE).--_v.t._ to benefit or
profit.--_adjs._ ADVAN'TAGEABLE, profitable: convenient (_rare_);
ADVANT[=A]'GEOUS, of advantage: useful (with _to_ and _for_).--_adv._
ADVANT[=A]'GEOUSLY.--_n._ ADVANT[=A]'GEOUSNESS.--TO HAVE THE ADVANTAGE OF
ANY ONE, to be known by a person without one's self knowing him; TO TAKE AT
ADVANTAGE, to avail one's self of any opportunity, often implying an unfair
sense. [Fr. _avantage_ (It. _vantaggio_)--Fr. _avant_, before. See
ADVANCE.]
ADVENE, ad-v[=e]n', _v.i._ to accede: to be superadded to. [Through Fr.
from L. _adven[=i]re_, to come to.]
ADVENT, ad'vent, _n._ a coming or arrival: the first or the second coming
of Christ: the period immediately before the festival of the Nativity,
including four Sundays--from the first after St Andrew's Day (November 30)
to Christmas eve.--_n._ AD'VENTIST, one who believes in the second coming
of Christ to set up a kingdom on the earth: a millenarian--_adj._
ADVENT'UAL (_obs._), relating to Advent. [Through Fr. from L.
_adventus_--_ad_, to, _ven[=i]re_, to come.]
ADVENTITIOUS, ad-vent-ish'us, _adj._ accidental: additional: foreign:
appearing casually.--_adv._ ADVENTI'TIOUSLY.--_adj._ ADVENT'IVE (_Bacon_),
adventitious.--_n._ a thing or person coming from without. [See ADVENT.]
ADVENTURE, ad-vent'[=u]r, _n._ a risk or chance: a remarkable incident: an
enterprise: trial of the issue: risk: a commercial speculation: the spirit
of enterprise.--_v.i._ to attempt or dare.--_v.t._ to risk or hazard:
(_refl._) to venture.--_v.i._ to risk one's self (with _on_, _into_,
_upon_): to dare, go so far as to.--_n._ ADVENT'URER, one who engages in
hazardous enterprises: a soldier of fortune, or speculator: one who pushes
his fortune by equivocal means, as false pretences, &c.:--_fem._
ADVENT'URESS.--_adjs._ ADVENT'UROUS, ADVENT'URESOME, enterprising: ready to
incur risk.--_adv._ ADVENT'UROUSLY.--_n._ ADVENT'UROUSNESS. [O. Fr.--L.
_adventurus_, about to happen, fut. perf. of _adven[=i]re_. See ADVENT.]
ADVERB, ad'v[.e]rb, _n._ a word added to a verb, adjective, or other adverb
to express some modification of the meaning or an accompanying
circumstance.--_adj._ ADVERB'IAL, pertaining to an adverb--used also as a
_n._--_adv._ ADVERB'IALLY. [L. _ad verbium_--_ad_, to, _verbum_, a word. It
is so called, not because it is added to a verb, but because it is a word
(_verbum_) joined to, or supplemental of, other words.]
ADVERSARIA, ad-v[.e]rs-[=a]r'i-a, _n.pl._ collections of miscellaneous
things in a commonplace-book: consecutive notes on any book. [L., lit.
things written on the opposite sides of the paper, from _adversus_,
against.]
ADVERSARY, ad'v[.e]rs-ar-i, _n._ an opponent: an enemy: Satan, as the
general adversary of mankind. [O. Fr. _aversier_--L. _adversarius_. See
ADVERSE.]
ADVERSATIVE, ad-v[.e]rs'a-tiv, _adj._ denoting opposition, contrariety, or
variety. [See ADVERSE.]
ADVERSE, ad'v[.e]rs, _adj._ acting in a contrary direction (with _to_):
opposed to: unfortunate: injurious.--_adv._ AD'VERSELY.--_ns._
AD'VERSENESS, ADVERS'ITY, adverse circumstances: affliction: misfortune.
[Through Fr. from L. _adversus_--_ad_, to, and _vert[)e]re_, _versum_, to
turn.]
ADVERT, ad-v[.e]rt', _v.i._ to turn the mind to (with _to_): to refer to:
(_obs._) to regard or observe.--_ns._ ADVERT'ENCE, ADVERT'ENCY, attention
to: heedfulness: regard.--_adj._ ADVERT'ENT, attentive: heedful.--_adv._
ADVERT'ENTLY. [O. Fr. _avertir_, _avertiss-ant_--L. _advert[)e]re_--_ad_,
to, and _vert[)e]re_, to turn.]
ADVERTISE, ad-v[.e]rt-[=i]z', or ad'-, _v.t._ to turn one's attention to:
to inform: to give public information or announcement of: (_obs._) to
instruct.--_ns._ ADVERT'ISEMENT, the act of advertising or making known: a
public notice in a newspaper or periodical: notoriety: (_obs._) news;
ADVERT[=I]S'ER, one who advertises: a paper in which advertisements are
published.--_p.adj._ ADVERT[=I]S'ING (_Shak._), attentive. [Fr., from L.
See ADVERT.]
ADVICE, ad-v[=i]s', _n._ counsel: intelligence (usually in _pl._): formal
official intelligence about anything: specially skilled opinion, as of a
physician or lawyer.--_n._ ADVICE'-BOAT, a swift vessel employed in
conveying despatches.--_adjs._ ADVICE'FUL, AVIZE'FULL (_Spens._).--The form
ADVISO, advice, counsel (_Sir T. Browne_), and in CARAVAL OF ADVISO = an
advice-boat (_Fuller_), is obsolete--modern form AVISO. [O. Fr. _advis_
(Fr. _avis_)--L. _ad visum_, according to what is seen or seems best.]
ADVIEW. Same as AVIEW.
ADVISE, ad-v[=i]z', _v.t._ to give advice or counsel to: to recommend: to
inform (usually with _of_).--_v.i._ to consult (_with_): (_obs._) to
deliberate:--_pr.p._ adv[=i]s'ing; _pa.p._ adv[=i]sed'.--_ns._
ADVISABIL'ITY, ADVIS'ABLENESS.--_adj._ ADVIS'ABLE, that may be advised or
recommended: prudent: expedient: open to advice.--_adv._
ADVIS'ABLY.--_adjs._ ADVIS'ATORY (_rare_); ADVISED', cautious: deliberate,
as in _well-advised_ and _ill-advised_.--_adv._ ADVIS'EDLY,
intentionally.--_ns._ ADVIS'EDNESS, deliberate consideration: prudent
procedure; ADVISE'MENT (_obs._ or _arch._), counsel, deliberation;
ADVIS'ER, one who advises or gives advice; ADVIS'ING (_Shak._), counsel,
advice. [O. Fr. _aviser_, from _advis_ or _avis_. See ADVICE.]
ADVOCACY, ad'vo-ka-si, _n._ the function of an advocate: a pleading for:
defence. [See ADVOCATE.]
ADVOCATE, ad'vo-k[=a]t, _n._ an intercessor or defender: one who pleads the
cause of another, esp. in a court of law in Scotland and France.--_v.t._ to
plead in favour of: to recommend.--_ns._ ADVOC[=A]'TION; AD'VOCATOR.--LORD
ADVOCATE, the first law-officer of the crown and public prosecutor of
crimes for Scotland. [O. Fr. _avocat_--L. _advocatus_--_advoc[=a]re_,
_-[=a]tum_--_ad_, to, _voc[=a]re_, to call: to call in (another to help, as
in a lawsuit or in sickness).]
ADVOUTRER, ad-vow'tr[.e]r, _n._ (_obs._) an adulterer:--_fem._ ADVOU'TRESS.
[See ADVOUTRY.]
ADVOUTRY, ad-vow'tri, _n._ (_obs._) adultery. [O. Fr. _avoutrie_--L.
_adulterium_.]
ADVOWSON, ad-vow'zun, _n._ the right of patronage or presentation to a
church benefice.--_n._ ADVOWEE', one who has the right of advowson. [O. Fr.
_avoëson_--L. _advocation-em_, right of the patron--L. _advocatus_, a
patron.]
ADYNAMIC, [=a]-di-nam'ik, _adj._ without strength: (_phys._) characterised
by the absence of force. [Gr. _a_, neg., and _dynamis_, strength.]
ADYTUM, ad'i-tum, _n._ the most sacred part of a heathen temple: the
chancel of a church:--_pl._ AD'YTA. [L.--Gr. _adyton_--_a_, neg., and
_dyein_, to enter.]
ADZE, ADZ, adz, _n._ a carpenter's tool consisting of a thin arched blade
with its edge at right angles to the handle. [A.S. _adesa_; ultimate origin
unknown.]
AE, [=a], or y[=a], modern Scotch form of A.S. _án_, one, used as an
adjective.
ÆDILE, EDILE, [=e]'d[=i]l, _n._ a magistrate in ancient Rome who had the
charge of public buildings, games, markets, police, &c.--_n._ Æ'DILESHIP.
[L. _æd[=i]lis_, _ædes_, _-is_, a building.]
ÆGIS, [=e]'jis, _n._ (_orig._) a shield given by Jupiter to Minerva:
anything that protects. [L.--Gr. _aígis_.]
ÆGLOGUE, an archaic form of ECLOGUE.
ÆGROTAT, [=e]'gr[=o]-tät, _n._ in the English universities, a medical
certificate of inability from illness to attend lectures or
examinations.--_n._ ÆGER ([=e]'j[.e]r), sick, the word used at Oxford and
Cambridge in excusing absence on account of illness, hence a note
certifying a student to be _æger_ or sick. [L., 'he is sick,' 3d pers.
sing. pres. indic. of _ægrot[=a]re_, to be sick; _æger_, sick.]
ÆNEID, [=e]'n[=e]-id, _n._ an epic poem written by Virgil, the hero of
which is Æneas. [L. _Æneis_, _-idos_.]
ÆOLIAN, [=e]-[=o]'li-an, _adj._ pertaining to or acted on by the wind:
aerial: of Æolis or Æolia, a district of Asia Minor colonised by the
Greeks.--Also Æ'[=O]LIC. [_Æolus_, the god of the winds.]
ÆOLIPILE, [=e]-ol'i-p[=i]l, _n._ an instrument consisting of a hollow ball
of metal partly filled with water, and having a small orifice through which
steam escapes on the application of heat, thus turning the ball. It is the
first instrument on record for showing the power of steam. [From L.
_Æolus_, and _pila_, ball.]
ÆON, EON, [=e]'on, _n._ a period of time, an age or one of a series of
ages, eternity: the personification of an age, a power emanating from the
supreme Deity, with its share in the creation and government of the
universe.--_adj._ Æ[=O]'NIAN, eternal. [Gr. _ai[=o]n_.]
AERATE, [=a]'[.e]r-[=a]t, _v.t._ to put air into: to supply, or cause to
mix, with carbonic acid or other gas, as AERATED WATERS.--_ns._ A'ERATOR,
an apparatus for such purpose; AER[=A]'TION, exposure to the action of air:
the mixing or saturating with a gas: the oxygenation of the blood by
respiration. [L. _aër_, air.]
AERIAL, [=a]-[=e]r'i-al, _adj._ belonging to the air: inhabiting or
existing in the air: elevated, lofty, ethereal.--_ns._ AERIAL'ITY,
AER'IALNESS.--_adv._ AER'IALLY.
AERIE, [=a]'ri, or [=e]'ri, _n._ the nest of any bird of prey, esp. an
eagle: a house perched on some high or steep place: (_Shak._) the brood in
the nest, or a stock of children.--Also AERY, EYRIE, EYRY. [O. Fr. _aire_;
Low L. _aeria_, _aerea_--L. _area_, a spot of level ground. The form EYRY
seems to have been originally due to a confusion with M. E. _ey_, an egg.]
AERIFEROUS, [=a]-[.e]r-if'[.e]r-us, _adj._ carrying or containing air. [L.
_aër_, air, and _ferre_, to carry.]
AERIFORM, [=a]'[.e]r-i-form, _adj._ having the form or nature of air or
gas: unsubstantial, unreal. [L. _aër_, air, and _forma_, form.]
AERIFY, [=a]'[.e]r-i-f[=i], _v.t._ to change from a solid or liquid state
into air or gas: to fill or combine with air.--_n._ AERIFIC[=A]'TION, act
of being aerified or changed from a solid or liquid state into air or gas:
act of combining air with anything: state of being filled with air. [L.
_aër_, air, and _fac[)e]re_, to make.]
AEROBIA, [=a]-[.e]r-[=o]'bi-a, _n.pl._ (_biol._) bacteria that require free
oxygen for the maintenance of their vitality.--_adj._ AER[=O]'BIC.
AERODYNAMICS, [=a]-[.e]r-o-di-nam'iks, _n._ the science of the motion of
the air and other gases, and of their mechanical effects when in motion.
[Gr. _a[=e]r_, _aeros_, air, and _dynamis_, power.]
AEROLITE, [=a]'[.e]r-o-l[=i]t, _n._ a meteoric stone or meteorite--also
A'EROLITH.--_n._ AEROLITHOL'OGY, that branch of science which treats of
aerolites.--_adj._ AEROLIT'IC. [Gr. _a[=e]r_, air, _lithos_, a stone.]
AEROLOGY, [=a]-[.e]r-ol'o-ji, _n._ the branch of science which treats of
the atmosphere.--_adj._ AEROLOG'ICAL.--_n._ AEROL'OGIST. [Gr. _a[=e]r_,
_aeros_, air, _logos_, discourse.]
AEROMANCY, [=a]-[.e]r-om'an-si, _n._ divination by means of atmospheric
phenomena: weather forecasting. [Fr.--L.--Gr. _a[=e]r_, air, _manteia_,
divination.]
AEROMETER, [=a]-[.e]r-om'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for measuring the
weight or density of air and gases. [Gr. _a[=e]r_, and METER.]
AEROMETRY, [=a]-[.e]r-om'e-tri, _n._ the measuring of the air, now called
pneumatics.--_adj._ AEROMET'RIC. [Gr. _a[=e]r_, _aeros_, air, _metron_, a
measure.]
AERONAUT, [=a]'[.e]r-o-nawt, _n._ one who makes ascents in a
balloon.--_adjs._ AERONAUT'IC, AERONAUT'ICAL.--_n._ AERONAUT'ICS, the
science or art of aerial navigation. [Gr. _a[=e]r_, air, _naut[=e]s_,
sailor.]
AEROPHYTE, [=a]'[.e]r-o-f[=i]t, _n._ a plant nourished by the air, as
epiphytal orchids and many lichens. [Gr. _a[=e]r_, air, _phyton_, a plant.]
AEROSTAT, [=a]'[.e]r-o-stat, _n._ a machine formed to sustain weights in
the air: a flying machine--sometimes applied in the newspapers to the
aeronaut himself.--_adj._ AEROSTAT'IC--_n._ AEROST[=A]'TION, the art of
raising and guiding balloons. [Gr. _a[=e]r_, _aeros_, air, and _statos_,
standing--_hist[=e]mi_, I cause to stand.]
AEROSTATICS, [=a]-[.e]r-o-stat'iks, _n._ the science of the equilibrium of
air or of elastic fluids: the science of raising and guiding balloons. [Gr.
_a[=e]r_, air, _statikos_, relating to equilibrium. See STATICS.]
ÆRUGINOUS, [=e]-roo'ji-nus, _adj._ pertaining to or like copper-rust or
verdigris. [L. _æruginosus_--_ærugo_, _æruginis_, rust of copper--_æs_,
_æris_, brass, copper.]
AERY, [=a]'[.e]r-i, _adj._ aerial, incorporeal, spiritual,
visionary.--_adj._ AE'RYLIGHT (_Milton_), light as air.--As a noun, AERY is
a variant spelling of AERIE.
ÆSTHETICS, [=e]s-thet'iks, _n._ the feeling of beauty in objects, the
principles of taste and of art: the philosophy of the fine arts.--_n._
ÆS'THETE, a professed disciple of æstheticism, one who affects an
extravagant love of art.--_adjs._ ÆSTHET'IC, ÆSTHET'ICAL, pertaining to
æsthetics.--_adv._ ÆSTHET'ICALLY.--_ns._ ÆSTHETI'CIAN, ÆSTHET'ICIST, one
devoted to æsthetics; ÆSTHET'ICISM, the principles of æsthetics: the cult
of the beautiful, applied esp. to an art movement in London in the last
quarter of the 19th century, which aimed at carrying art into every home
and every relation of life, but made itself ridiculous by its fantastic and
superficial dogmatism, and its puerility.--_v.t._ ÆSTHET'ICIZE, to render
æsthetic, to refine. [Gr. _aisth[=e]tikos_, perceptive--_aisthanesthai_, to
feel or perceive.]
ÆSTIVAL, es-t[=i]'val, _adj._ pertaining to the summer. [L.
_æstivalis_--_æstas_, summer.]
ÆSTIVATION, es-ti-v[=a]'shun, _n._ (_bot._) the manner of folding of the
petals in the flower-bud: (_zool._) the act of remaining dormant during the
dry season--opposed to _Hibernation_: (_Bacon_) the passing of the summer:
a summer retreat. [L. _æstivus_, relating to summer--_æstas_, summer.]
ÆTHRIOSCOPE, [=e]'thri-o-sk[=o]p, _n._ an instrument for measuring the
minute variations of temperature due to the condition of the sky. [Gr.
_aithria_, the open sky, _skopos_, an observer.]
ÆTIOLOGY, [=e]-ti-ol'o-ji, _n._ the science or philosophy of causation,
esp. an inquiry into the origin and causes of a disease.--_adj._
ÆTIOLOG'ICAL. [L.--Gr. _aitiologia_--_aitia_, cause, _logos_, discourse.]
AFAR, a-fär', _adv._ from a far distance (usually preceded by _from_): to a
distance (usually followed by _off_). [A.S. _feor_, with prep. _of_ or
_on_. See FAR.]
AFEAR, AFFEAR, a-f[=e]r', _v.t._ (_obs._) to terrify.--_adj._ AFEARD'
(_Shak._), affected with fear, afraid. [Pfx. _a-_, and A.S. _færan_, to
frighten.]
AFFABLE, af'fa-bl, _adj._ condescending: easy to be spoken to (used with
_to_).--_ns._ AFFABIL'ITY, AF'FABLENESS.--_adv._ AF'FABLY. [Fr.--L.
_affabilis_--_aff[=a]ri_, to speak to--_ad_, to, and _f[=a]ri_, to speak.]
AFFAIR, af-f[=a]r', _n._ that which is to be done: business: any small
matter: a battle of minor importance: a matter of intimate personal
concern, as a duel--a so-called affair of honour, or an intrigue: (_pl._)
transactions in general: public concerns. [O. Fr. _afaire_ (Fr.
_affaire_)--_à_ and _faire_--L. _ad_, and _fac[)e]re_, to do. Cf. ADO.]
AFFAMISH, af-fam'ish, _v.t._ and _v.i._ (_obs._) to cause to perish from
hunger. [Fr. _affamer_--L. _ad_, to, _fames_, hunger.]
AFFECT, af-fekt', _v.t._ to act upon: to produce a change upon: to move the
feelings: to assign, apply (only in _pass_.).--_adj._ AFFECT'ED, touched
with a feeling either for or against (with _by_): full of affectation:
feigned.--_adv._ AFFECT'EDLY.--_n._ AFFECT'EDNESS.--_adj._ AFFECT'ING,
having power to move the passions: pathetic.--_adv._ AFFECT'INGLY. [L.
_affic[)e]re_, _affectum_--_ad_, to, _fac[)e]re_, to do.]
AFFECT, af-fekt', _v.t._ to make a show or pretence of, to assume, to
counterfeit or pretend to, to take upon one's self to: (_obs._) to aim at,
seek to obtain: (_arch._) have a liking for, to love: to practise, wear, or
frequent: to haunt or inhabit by preference.--_n._ AFFECT[=A]'TION, a
striving after, or an attempt to assume, what is not natural or real:
pretence. [L. _affect[=a]re_, freq. of _affic[)e]re_. See AFFECT above.]
AFFECTION, af-fek'shun, _n._ kindness or love: attachment: (_Shak._)
affectation: an attribute or property: a disposition of mind: a disease or
abnormal state of body or mind.--_adjs._ AFFEC'TIONAL; AFFEC'TIONATE, full
of affection: loving: (_obs._) eager, passionate, well inclined to;
AFFEC'TIONATED (_obs._).--_adv._ AFFEC'TIONATELY.--_n._
AFFEC'TIONATENESS.--_adj._ AFFEC'TIONED (_B._), affected, disposed:
(_Shak._) full of affectation. [L. See AFFECT.]
AFFEER, af-f[=e]r', _v.t._ to fix the market value of: to reduce to a
certain fixed sum.--_adj._ AFFEERED' (_Shak._), confirmed.--_n._
AFFEER'MENT. [O. Fr. _affeurer_--Low L. _affor[=a]re_--L. _ad_, to,
_forum_, a market.]
AFFERENT, af'f[.e]r-ent, _adj._ (_anat._) bringing to, applied to the
nerves that convey sensations to the nerve centres. [L. _afferens_--_ad_,
to, and _ferre_, to carry.]
AFFETTUOSO, af-fet-t[=oo]-[=o]'so, _adj._ and _adv._ (_mus._) tender,
tenderly, with feeling--used as a noun by Burke.
AFFIANCE, af-f[=i]'ans, _n._ faith pledged to: marriage contract: trust:
affinity (_in_, _on_).--_v.t._ to pledge faith: to betroth.--_adj._ and
_n._ AFF[=I]'ANCED, betrothed. [O. Fr. _afiance_, _afier_--L. _ad_, to,
_fides_, faith.]
AFFIDAVIT, af-fi-d[=a]'vit, _n._ a written declaration on oath.
[_Affidavit_, 3d pers. sing. perf. of a Low L. _affid[=a]re_, to pledge
one's faith.]
AFFIED (_arch._), _pa.p._ of AFFY.
AFFILIATE, af-fil'i-[=a]t, _v.t._ to receive into a family as a son, or
into a society as a member: to attach to, or connect with, as minor
colleges with a university: to impute paternity to, to attribute to, to
father on or upon.--_n._ AFFILI[=A]'TION, the act of receiving into a
family or society as a member: (_law_) the assignment of an illegitimate
child to its father, the assignment of anything to its origin. [L.
_affili[=a]re_, to adopt--_ad_, to, _filius_, a son.]
AFFINE, af-f[=i]n', _n._ (_obs._) a relation, connection.--_adjs._ AFFINE',
AFFINED', related, bound by some tie. [O. Fr.--L. _affinis_,
neighbouring--_ad_, to, at, _finis_, a boundary.]
AFFINITY, af-fin'i-ti, _n._ nearness of kin, agreement, or resemblance:
causal relationship: structural resemblance between languages of ultimately
common origin: structural resemblance between plants, animals, or minerals
pointing to identity of stock: relationship by marriage, opposed to
consanguinity or relationship by blood: (_B._) social relationship: the
spiritual relationship between sponsors and their godchild: a mysterious
attraction supposed to exist between two persons: (_chem._) the peculiar
attraction between the atoms of two simple substances that makes them
combine to form a compound.--_adj._ AFFIN'ITIVE. [Fr.--L.
_affinitas_--_affinis_, neighbouring--_ad_, at, _finis_, boundary.]
AFFIRM, af-f[.e]rm', _v.t._ to assert confidently or positively: to ratify
a judgment: to confirm or maintain a statement of one's own or another's:
(_log._) to make a statement in the affirmative: (_law_) to make a formal
declaration or affirmation, without an oath.--_adj._ AFFIRM'ABLE, that may
be affirmed (with _of_).--_n._ AFFIRM'ANCE, affirmation, assertion,
confirmation.--_adj._ AFFIRM'ANT--also _n._, one who affirms.--_n._
AFFIRM[=A]'TION, act of asserting: that which is affirmed: (_law_) the
solemn declaration made by Quakers and others incapable of taking an
oath.--_adj._ and _n._ AFFIRM'ATIVE, that affirms or asserts: positive, not
negative: dogmatic.--_adv._ AFFIRM'ATIVELY.--_adj._ AFFIRM'ATORY. [O. Fr.
_afermer_--L. _affirm[=a]re_--_ad_, _firmus_, firm. See FIRM.]
AFFIX, af-fiks', _v.t._ to fix to: to add: to attach (_to_, _on_,
_upon_).--_n._ AF'FIX, an addition to a root, stem, or word, to modify its
meaning or use, whether _prefix_ or _suffix_: any appendage or addition.
[L. _affig[)e]re_, _-fixum_--_ad_, to, _fig[)e]re_, to fix. See FIX.]
AFFLATION, af-fl[=a]'shun, _n._ a breathing upon.--_p.adj._ AFFLAT'ED,
inspired. [From L. _affl[=a]re_, _fl[=a]tum_--_ad_, to, and _fl[=a]re_, to
breathe.]
AFFLATUS, af-fl[=a]'tus, _n._ inspiration, as of the poet or orator: esp.
religious inspiration, the divine afflatus = L. _afflatus divinus_. [See
INFLATION.]
AFFLICT, af-flikt', _v.t._ to give continued pain, distress, or grief: to
harass, or vex.--_pa.p._ AFFLICT'ED, harassed by disease of body or mind:
suffering.--_adj._ AFFLICT'ING, distressing.--_n._ AFFLIC'TION, state or
cause of pain or distress: misery: loss of friends, sickness, persecution.
&c.--_adj._ AFFLICT'IVE, causing distress. [L. _afflig[)e]re_,
_flictum_--_ad_, to, _flig[)e]re_, to dash to the ground.]
AFFLUENT, af'fl[=oo]-ent, _adj._ abounding: wealthy (with _in_).--_n._ a
stream flowing into a river or lake.--_ns._ AF'FLUENCE, abundance: wealth;
AF'FLUENCY (_obs._).--_adv._ AF'FLUENTLY.--_n._ AF'FLUENTNESS. [L.
_afflu[)e]re_, _affluent-em_--_ad_, to, _flu[)e]re_, to flow.]
AFFLUX, af'fluks, AFFLUXION, af-flux'shun, _n._ a flowing to: an accession.
[L. _afflu[)e]re_, _affluxum_. See AFFLUENT.]
AFFORCE, af-f[=o]rs', _v.t._ (_law_) to reinforce a jury or other
deliberative body by specially skilled persons.--_n._ AFFORCE'MENT. [O. Fr.
_aforcer_--Low L. _exforti[=a]re_--L. _fortis_, strong.]
AFFORD, af-f[=o]rd', _v.t._ to yield or produce: to be able to sell, to
expend, or to bear the expense of. [M. E. _aforthen_, from A.S.
_geforthian_ or _forthian_, to further or cause to come forth.]
AFFOREST, af-for'est, _v.t._ to turn land into forest.--_n._
AFFOREST[=A]'TION. [Low L. _afforest[=a]re_--L. _ad_, to, and _foresta_.
See FOREST.]
AFFRANCHISE, af-fran'chiz, _v.t._ to free from slavery, or from some
obligation. [O. Fr. _afranchir_, _afranchiss-_, from _à_, to, _franchir_,
to free, _franc_, free. See FRANK.]
AFFRAP, af-frap', _v.t._ or _v.i._ (_Spens._) to strike or strike down.
[It. _affrappare_--_af_ (_ad_), to, and _frapp[=a]re_ (Fr. _frapper_), to
strike.]
AFFRAY, af-fr[=a]', _n._ a fight causing alarm: a brawl or fray: terror
(_Spens._).--_v.t._ to startle: to frighten: esp. in _pa.p._ AFFRAYED' =
afraid. [O. Fr. _afrayer_, _esfreer_ (Fr. _effrayer_)--Low L.
_exfredi[=a]re_, to break the king's peace--L. _ex_, and Old High Ger.
_fridu_ (Ger. _friede_), peace.]
AFFRET, af-fret', _n._ (_Spens._) a furious onset. [Prob. from It.
_affrettare_, to hasten.]
AFFRIENDED, af-frend'ed, _adj._ (_Spens._) made friends: reconciled.
AFFRIGHT, af-fr[=i]t', _v.t._ to frighten--also AFFRIGHT'EN.--_n._
AFFRIGHT', sudden terror.--_pa.p._ AFFRIGHT'ED, frightened.--_adv._
AFFRIGHT'EDLY.--_adj._ AFFRIGHT'FUL (_arch._).--_n._ AFFRIGHT'MENT, sudden
fear. [A.S. _afyrhtan_. See FRIGHT.]
AFFRONT, af-frunt', _v.t._ to meet face to face: to insult openly:
(_Shak._) to throw one's self in the way of.--_n._ contemptuous treatment:
an open insult: disgrace.--_adj._ AFFRONTÉ, _fem._ AFFRONTÉE, facing each
other: (_her._) of animals represented front to front, or expectant--opp.
to _Addorsed_; also looking frontwise, or toward the beholder.--_p.adj._
AFFRONT'ED, insulted, offended.--_adj._ AFFRONT'IVE.--TO PUT AN AFFRONT
UPON, TO OFFER AN AFFRONT TO = to openly insult a person. [O. Fr.
_afronter_--Low L. _affront[=a]re_--L. _ad_, to, _front-_, the forehead.]
AFFUSION, af-f[=u]'zhun, _n._ the act of pouring upon or
sprinkling.--Baptism by affusion is effected by the pouring of water on the
subject, as distinct from baptism by dipping, or baptism by sprinkling. [L.
_affusion-em_, _affund[)e]re_--_ad_, to, _fund[)e]re_, _fusum_, to pour.]
AFFY, af-f[=i]', _v.t._ (_obs._) to pledge one's faith to, to
betroth.--_v.i._ to trust or confide:--_pr.p._ affy'ing; _pa.p._
aff[=i]ed'. [O. Fr. _afier_--Low L. _aff[=i]d[=a]re_--_ad_, to, _fides_,
faith. See AFFIANCE.]
AFIELD, a-f[=e]ld', _adv._ to, in, or on the field.
AFIRE, a-f[=i]r', _adv._ on fire: in a state of inflammation.
AFLAME, a-fl[=a]m', _adj._ and _adv._ flaming: glowing. [Pfx. _a-_, and
FLAME.]
AFLOAT, a-fl[=o]t', _adv._ or _adj._ floating: at sea: unfixed: in
circulation.
AFOOT, a-foot', _adv._ on foot: astir.
AFORE, a-f[=o]r', _prep._ (_B._ and _Shak._) beforehand, previously.
AFOREHAND, a-f[=o]r'hand, _adv._ before the regular time of accomplishment:
in advance.
AFORESAID, a-f[=o]r'sed, _adj._ said or named before.
AFORETHOUGHT, a-f[=o]r'thawt, _adj._ thought of or meditated before:
premeditated.
AFORETIME, a-f[=o]r't[=i]m, _adv._ in former or past times.
AFOUL, a-fowl', _adj._ or _adv._ entangled: in collision (with _of_).