and Pain._ Reproduced from the first edition, with a bibliographical
note by Lawrence C. Wroth. The Facsimile Text Society, New York: 1930.
(Although A. H. Smyth omitted this work from his _Writings of
Benjamin Franklin_, suggesting that "the work has no value," it is
difficult to see how a study of the _modus operandi_ of Franklin's
mind could be thoroughly made without it. Parton in his _Life and
Times of Benjamin Franklin_, and I. W. Riley in his _American
Philosophy: The Early Schools_ have reprinted it in appendices.)
Franklin, Benjamin. _Poor Richard's Almanack. Being the Almanacks of
1733, 1749, 1756, 1757, 1758, first written under the name of Richard
Saunders._ With a foreword by Phillips Russell. Garden City, N. Y.:
1928. ("First facsimile edition of a group of the Almanacks to be
published.")
Franklin, Benjamin. _The Prefaces, Proverbs, and Poems of Benjamin
Franklin Originally Printed in Poor Richard's Almanacs for 1733-1758._
Collected and ed. by P. L. Ford. Brooklyn: 1890. (Best collection of
its kind; in addition contains account of popularity and function of
almanacs in colonial period.)
Franklin, Benjamin. _Proposals Relating to the Education of Youth in
Pensilvania._ Facsimile reprint, with an introduction by William
Pepper. Philadelphia: 1931. (Franklin's notes omitted in Smyth.
_Proposals_ also reprinted by the William L. Clements Library, Ann
Arbor, Michigan: 1927; "though not a facsimile reprint," it does
include the notes. Thomas Woody in his _Educational Views of Benjamin
Franklin_ [New York: 1931] reprints it with the notes.)
Franklin, Benjamin. _The Sayings of Poor Richard, 1733-1758._ Condensed
and ed. by T. H. Russell. N.p.: n.d. (Best aphorisms chronologically
arranged.)
Goodman, N. G., ed. _The Ingenious Dr. Franklin; Selected Scientific
Letters of Benjamin Franklin._ Philadelphia: 1931. (Includes several
items not published in Smyth edition.)
_Letters to Benjamin Franklin, from his Family and Friends, 1751-1790._
[Ed. by William Duane.] New York: 1859.
Pepper, William. _The Medical Side of Benjamin Franklin._ Philadelphia:
1911. (Essentially quotations from the A. H. Smyth edition. Franklin
is viewed as "an early and great hygienist.")
Stifler, J. M., ed. "_My Dear Girl._" _The Correspondence of Benjamin
Franklin with Polly Stevenson, Georgiana and Catherine Shipley._ New
York: 1927. (Engaging collection showing Franklin's "capacity for
lively and enduring friendship" [p. vii]. Many of the letters _to_
Franklin "printed now for the first time." Contains several of
Franklin's letters hitherto unpublished.)
III. BIOGRAPHIES
Becker, Carl. "Benjamin Franklin," in _Dictionary of American
Biography_. New York: 1931. VI, 585-98. (The most authoritative brief
biography.)
*Bruce, W. C. _Benjamin Franklin, Self-Revealed._ 2 vols. New York:
1917. (In spite of occasional extravagant statements and a
conservative temperament preventing him from discussing Franklin's
religion with sympathetic and historical insight, Mr. Bruce has
provided a brilliant and perspicuous survey. "Self-revealed" fails to
do justice to Bruce's incisive commentary.)
*Faÿ, Bernard. _Franklin, the Apostle of Modern Times._ Boston: 1929. (A
readable critical biography said to be based on "six hundred to nine
hundred unpublished letters." Would have been more useful had it been
given scholarly documentation. Some new light on Franklin's Masonic
activities and his efforts during 1757-1762 to effect the growth of a
British empire. [Faÿ used the Franklin-Galloway correspondence in the
W. S. Mason and W. L. Clements collections.] Believes that Franklin
was a "follower of the seventeenth-century English Pythagoreans":
since this belief is largely undocumented, one feels it curious that
Pythagoreanism should bulk larger than the pattern of thought provoked
by Locke and Newton. See very critical reviews by H. M. Jones in
_American Literature_, II, 306-12 [Nov., 1930], and W. C. Bruce,
_American Historical Review_, XXXV, 634 ff. [April, 1930]. The latter
concludes that "there is very little, indeed, in the text of the book
under review that makes any unquestionably substantial addition to our
pre-existing knowledge of Franklin, or is marked by anything that can
be termed freshness of interpretation.")
Faÿ, Bernard. _The Two Franklins: Fathers of American Democracy._
Boston: 1933. (Charmingly spirited portrait of patriarchal Franklin of
Passy [reworking of materials in _Franklin, the Apostle of Modern
Times_]. Faÿ's habit of mingling quotation, paraphrase, and intuition
in use of Bache's Diary suggests untrustworthy documentation. The
second Franklin is, of course, Benjamin Franklin Bache [1769-1798, son
of Sally Franklin and Richard Bache], editor of the republican _Aurora
General Advertiser_. For a judicial, unsympathetic review see A.
Guerard's in the _New York Herald Tribune Books_, Oct. 22, 1933. J. A.
Krout, in the _American Historical Review_, XXXIX, 741-2 [July, 1934],
observes that Faÿ "fails to establish the elder Franklin's paternal
relation to the democratic forces of the 'revolutionary' decade after
1790.")
Fisher, S. G. _The True Benjamin Franklin._ Philadelphia: 1899. (Highly
prejudiced interpretation with disproportionate attention to
Franklin's acknowledged shortcomings.)
*Ford, P. L. _The Many-Sided Franklin._ New York: 1899. (A gracefully
solid and inclusive standard work.)
Hale, E. E., and Hale, E. E., Jr. _Franklin in France. From Original
Documents, Most of Which Are Now Published for the First Time._ 2
vols. Boston: 1887-1888. (Convenient collection of letters to
Franklin; authors had access to Stevens and American Philosophical
Society collections. Franklin letters and documents here given later
published in Smyth. Useful chapters on Franklin's friends, his vogue
in France, meetings with Voltaire, his activities in science, his
interest in balloons, and investigation of Mesmerism. See reviews in
_Dial_, VIII, 7, IX, 204; _Nation_, XLIV, 368; _Athenaeum_, II, 77
[1887]; _Atlantic Monthly_, LX, 318.)
McMaster, J. B. _Benjamin Franklin as a Man of Letters._ American Men of
Letters series. Boston: 1887. (Fullest account of this aspect of the
many-minded Franklin. See also MacLaurin and Jorgenson items, pp.
clxv, clxvi below.)
More, P. E. _Benjamin Franklin._ Riverside Biographical Series. Boston:
1900. (Suggestive of a _précis_ of Parton's _Life_ with judicial, if
not historical, penetration. Stimulating notes, such as the following:
Franklin was "a great pagan, who lapsed now and then into the
pseudo-religious platitudes of the eighteenth-century deists.")
Morse, John Torrey, Jr. _Benjamin Franklin._ American Statesmen series.
Boston: 1889. (Compact account stressing his political and diplomatic
career.)
*Parton, James. _Life and Times of Benjamin Franklin._ 2 vols. New York:
1864. (Although not all works ascribed to Franklin by Parton are by
his pen, and although new materials have been added to the Franklin
canon, he remains the most encyclopedic and often the most penetrating
of Franklin's biographers. He deserves credit for printing in an
appendix Franklin's _Dissertation on Liberty and Necessity, Pleasure
and Pain_. For reviews see _North American Review_ [July, 1864];
_Atlantic Monthly_ [Sept., 1864]; _London Quarterly_, XXIII, 483;
_Littell's Living Age_, LXXXIV, 289.)
Russell, Phillips. _Benjamin Franklin, the First Civilised American._
New York: 1926. (The _esprit_ and readableness of this popular work do
not offset its lack of precision, historical scholarship, and taste.)
Smyth, Albert H. "Life of Benjamin Franklin," in Vol. X, 141-510, of
_The Writings of Benjamin Franklin_. (Stimulating survey.)
Swift, Lindsay. _Benjamin Franklin._ Beacon Biographies of Eminent
Americans. Boston: 1910. (Brief series of biographical "impressions"
arranged chronologically.)
Weems, Mason L. _The Life of Benjamin Franklin, with many Choice
Anecdotes and Admirable Sayings of this Great Man._ Baltimore: 1815.
(One would think it unfair to smile at a writer who had the wit to
describe Franklin as one who "with such equal ease, could play the
_Newton_ or the _Chesterfield_, and charm alike the lightnings and the
ladies." Contains some imaginative, though intuitive, remarks on
Franklin's religion.)
IV. BIOGRAPHICAL AND CRITICAL STUDIES
Abbe, C. "Benjamin Franklin as Meteorologist," _Proceedings of the
American Philosophical Society_, XLV, 117-28 (1906). ("Worthy
co-laborer" with Newton, Huygens, Descartes, Boyle, and Gay-Lussac.
He is "the first meteorologist of America," "pioneer of the rational
long-range forecasters.")
Abbot, G. M. _A Short History of the Library Company of Philadelphia:
Compiled from the Minutes, together with some personal reminiscences._
Philadelphia: 1913.
Amiable, L. _Une loge maçonnique d'avant 1789. La R.·. L.·. Les Neuf
Soeurs._ Paris: 1897. (Fullest account of Franklin's activities in
French Freemasonry.)
_Analectic Magazine_, XI, 449-84 (June, 1818). (Review of W. T.
Franklin's edition of Franklin's works. Complexion of this eulogy
suggested by: "His name is now exalted in Europe above any others of
the eighteenth century.")
Angoff, Charles. _A Literary History of the American People._ New York:
1931. II, 295-310. (It would be difficult to match the debonair
ignorance of this violently hostile essay.)
"A Poem on the Death of Franklin," _Proceedings of the New Jersey
Historical Society_, XV, 109 (Jan., 1930). (A typical elegy based on
theme suggested by Turgot's epigram on Franklin.)
Bache, R. M. "Smoky Torches in Franklin's Honor," _Critic_, XLVIII,
561-6 (June, 1906). (Charming in its caustic though just view that
"articles on Franklin have verged on superfluity.")
Bache, R. M. "The So-Called 'Franklin Prayer-Book,'" _Pennsylvania
Magazine of History and Biography_, XXI, 225-34 (1897). (See Rev. John
Wright's account of the same in _Early Prayer Books of America_ [St.
Paul: 1896], pp. 386-99.)
Biddison, P. "The Magazine Franklin Failed to Remember," _American
Literature_, IV, 177-80 (May, 1932). (Survey of the Franklin-Webbe
altercation concerning the inauguration of Franklin's _General
Magazine, and Historical Chronicle ..._, 1741.)
Bigelow, John. "Franklin as the Man," _Independent_, LX, 69-72 (Jan. 11,
1906). (Stresses his tolerance, common sense, and "constitutional
unwillingness to dogmatize.")
Bleyer, W. G. _Main Currents in the History of American Journalism._
Boston: 1927. (Chapters I-II contain excellent survey of the _New
England Courant_, and the _Pennsylvania Gazette_ during its formative
years. Bibliography, pp. 431-41.)
Bloore, Stephen. "Joseph Breintnall, First Secretary of the Library
Company," _Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography_, LIX, 42-56
(Jan., 1935). (Valuable notes on Franklin's collaborator in
_Busy-Body_ series.)
Bloore, Stephen. "Samuel Keimer. A Foot-note to the Life of Franklin,"
_Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography_, LIV, 255-87 (July,
1930). (Readers of the _Autobiography_ will appreciate this excellent
study of one who figures prominently in its pages.)
Brett-James, N. G. _The Life of Peter Collinson._ London: [1917]. (Many
notes on Franklin-Collinson friendship. Collinson, it is remembered,
"started Franklin on his career as a researcher in electricity.")
Buckingham, J. T. _Specimens of Newspaper Literature; with Personal
Memoirs, Anecdotes, and Reminiscences._ 2 vols. Boston: 1850. (Vol. I,
49-88, discusses _New England Courant_. Identifies _Dogood Papers_ as
Franklin's.)
Bullen, H. L. "Benjamin Franklin and What Printing Did for Him,"
_American Collector_, II, 284-91 (May, 1926).
Butler, Ruth L. _Doctor Franklin, Postmaster General._ Garden City, N.
Y.: 1928. (A sturdily documented study illustrating that Franklin
"furnished the most highly efficient administration to the postal
system during the colonial period.")
Canby, H. S. "Benjamin Franklin," in _Classic Americans_. New York:
1931, pp. 34-45. (Spirited estimate partly vitiated by excessive
emphasis on influence of Quakerism; Canby observes that Franklin's
mind represents "Quakerism conventionalized, stylized, and Deicized.")
*Carey, Lewis J. _Franklin's Economic Views._ Garden City, N. Y.: 1928.
(Excellent survey.)
Cestre, Charles. "Franklin, homme représentatif," _Revue
Anglo-Américaine_, 409-23, 505-22 (June, August, 1928).
Choate, J. H. "Benjamin Franklin," in _Abraham Lincoln, and Other
Addresses in England_. New York: 1910, pp. 47-94. (Sanely eulogistic
biographical survey.)
Condorcet, Marquis de. _Éloge de M. Franklin, lu à la séance publique de
l'Académie des Sciences, le 13 Nov., 1790...._ Paris: 1791. (Both a
eulogy, and an interpretation of _why_ France, as representative of
the Enlightenment, eulogized the Philadelphia tradesman. By the most
sublime of the _philosophes_.)
Cook, E. C. _Literary Influences in Colonial Newspapers, 1704-1750._ New
York: 1912. (Trenchant analysis of Franklin's indebtedness to Addison
and Steele--especially in the _Dogood Papers_--the character of the
_New England Courant_, advertisements of books in _Pennsylvania
Gazette_, etc. "Benjamin Franklin was the only prominent man of the
period who deliberately attempted to spread the knowledge and love of
literature among his countrymen.")
Crane, V. W. "Certain Writings of Benjamin Franklin on the British
Empire and the American Colonies," _Papers of the Bibliographical
Society_, XXVIII, Pt. 1, 1-27 (1934). (Newly identified Franklin
papers more than double existing canon. He becomes "the chief agent of
the American propaganda in England, especially between 1765 and 1770."
New canon promises to "illuminate the development of Franklin's
political ideas." Very significant.)
Cumston, C. G. "Benjamin Franklin from the Medical Viewpoint," _New York
Medical Journal_, LXXXIX, 3-12 (Jan. 2, 1909). (Useful survey.)
Cutler, W. P., and Cutler, J. P. _Life, Journals and Correspondence of
Rev. Manasseh Cutler._ 2 vols. Cincinnati: 1888. (Portrait of
patriarchal Franklin at age of eighty-four.)
Dickinson, A. D. "Benjamin Franklin, Bookman," _Bookman_, LIII, 197-205
(May, 1921). (Brief account of Franklin imprints.)
_Discours du Comte de Mirabeau. Dans la séance du 11 Juin, sur la mort
de Benjamin Francklin_ [_sic_]. Imprimé par ordre de l'Assemblée
National. Paris: 1790.
Draper, J. W. "Franklin's Place in the Science of the Last Century,"
_Harper's Magazine_, LXI, 265-75 (July, 1880). (Franklin's discoveries
"were only embellishments of his life." Superficial.)
Duniway, C. A. _The Development of Freedom of the Press in
Massachusetts._ Cambridge, Mass.: 1906. (Chapter VI includes account
of James Franklin and the _New England Courant_.)
Eddy, G. S. "Dr. Benjamin Franklin's Library," _Proceedings of the
American Antiquarian Society_, N. S. XXXIV, 206-26 (Oct., 1924). (This
indefatigable scholar has ascertained the titles of 1350 volumes in
Franklin's library. This survey article does not list the titles.)
*Eiselen, M. R. _Franklin's Political Theories._ Garden City, N. Y.:
1928. (Thoughtful survey.)
Eiselen, M. R. _The Rise of Pennsylvania Protectionism._ Philadelphia:
1932. (University of Pennsylvania dissertation. Chapter I describes
Franklin's holding to laissez faire in a state dominantly
protectionist.)
Eliot, T. D. "The Relations Between Adam Smith and Benjamin Franklin
before 1776," _Political Science Quarterly_, XXXIX, 67-96 (March,
1924). (Exhaustive documentary data which fails to establish specific
and incontrovertible Franklin influence on Smith.)
"Excerpts from the Papers of Dr. Benjamin Rush," _Pennsylvania Magazine
of History and Biography_, XXIX, 15-30 (Jan., 1905). (Includes
"Conversations with Franklin," pp. 23-8: Franklin terms Latin and
Greek the "quackery of literature"; is alleged to have reprobated the
Pennsylvania Constitution of 1776, in that it placed "the Supreme
power of the State in the hands of a Single legislature." Other
interesting sidelights.)
Farrand, Max, ed. _The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787._ 3
vols. New Haven: 1911. (Records show Franklin as a sober moderator:
when rival factions tended to render the convention impotent, he
said, "When a broad table is to be made, and the edges <of planks do
not fit> the artist takes a little from both, and makes a good
joint.")
Fauchet, Claude. _Éloge civique de Benjamin Franklin, prononcé, le 21
Juillet 1790, dans la Rotonde, au nom de la Commune de Paris._ Paris:
1790.
Faÿ, Bernard. "Franklin et Mirabeau collaborateurs," _Revue de
Littérature Comparée_, VIII, 5-28 (1928). (Franklin furnished
materials for Mirabeau's _Considerations on the Order of
Cincinnatus_.)
Faÿ, Bernard. "Learned Societies in Europe and America in the Eighteenth
Century," _American Historical Review_, XXXVII, 255-66 (Jan., 1932).
(Urges that like all learned societies in the eighteenth century,
Franklin's Junto and American Philosophical Society "had Masonic
leanings.")
Faÿ, Bernard. "Le credo de Franklin," _Correspondant_, 570-8 (Feb. 25,
1930).
Faÿ, Bernard. "Les débuts de Franklin en France," _Revue de Paris_,
577-605 (Feb. 1, 1931).
Faÿ, Bernard. "Les dernières amours d'un philosophe," _Correspondant_,
381-96 (May 10, 1930).
Faÿ, Bernard. "Le triomphe de Franklin en France," _Revue de Paris_,
872-96 (Feb. 15, 1931).
Ford, P. L. "Franklin as Printer and Publisher," _Century Magazine_,
LVII, 803-17 (April, 1899).
Ford, W. C. "Franklin and Chatham," _Independent_, LX, 94-7 (Jan. 11,
1906).
Ford, W. C. "Franklin's New England Courant," _Proceedings of the
Massachusetts Historical Society_, LVII, 336-53 (April, 1924).
Ford, W. C. "One of Franklin's Friendships. From Hitherto Unpublished
Correspondence between Madame de Brillon and Benjamin Franklin,
1776-1789," _Harper's Magazine_, CXIII, 626-33 (Sept., 1906).
Foster, J. W. "Franklin as a Diplomat," _Independent_, LX, 84-9 (Jan.
11, 1906).
Fox, R. H. _Dr. John Fothergill and His Friends; Chapters in Eighteenth
Century Life._ London: 1919. (Franklin and Fothergill, "lovers of
nature and keen students of physical science," met in 1757. See also
J. C. Lettsom, _Memoirs of John Fothergill_, 4th ed., London: 1786.)
Garrison, F. W. "Franklin and the Physiocrats," _Freeman_, VIII, 154-6
(Oct. 24, 1923). (Transcended by Carey's chapter in _Franklin's
Economic Views_, but has quotation from Dupont de Nemours [1769]: "Who
does not know that the English have today their Benjamin Franklin, who
has adopted the principles and the doctrines of our French
economists?")
Goggio, E. "Benjamin Franklin and Italy," _Romanic Review_, XIX, 302-8
(Oct., 1928). (Largely through the efforts of G. Beccaria, "Benjamin
Franklin was one of the first Americans to gain eminence and
popularity among the people of Italy.")
Goode, G. B. "The Literary Labors of Benjamin Franklin," _Proceedings of
the American Philosophical Society_, XXVIII, 177-97 (1890).
Grandgent, C. H. "Benjamin Franklin the Reformer," in _Prunes and
Prisms, with Other Odds and Ends_. Cambridge, Mass.: 1928, pp. 86-97.
("The principles advocated in his unfinished exposition [on spelling
reform] are those which phoneticians now advocate.")
Greene, S. A. "The Story of a Famous Book," _Atlantic Monthly_, XXVII,
207-12 (Feb., 1871). (A kind of _précis_ of Bigelow's Introduction to
_Autobiography_.)
Griswold, A. W. "Three Puritans on Prosperity," _New England Quarterly_,
VII, 475-93 (Sept., 1934). (Cotton Mather, Timothy Dwight, and
Franklin. One wonders by what right Franklin is dubbed the "soul of
Puritanism.")
Guedalla, Philip. "Dr. Franklin," in _Fathers of the Revolution_. New
York: 1926, pp. 215-34. (Chatty popular review of "the first
high-priest of the religion of efficiency.")
Guillois, Antoine. _Le salon de Madame Helvétius._ Paris: 1894.
Gummere, R. M. "Socrates at the Printing Press. Benjamin Franklin and
the Classics," _Classical Weekly_, XXVI, 57-9 (Dec. 5, 1932). (Survey
of his references to the classics, with occasional estimates of impact
on his mind.)
Hale, E. E. "Ben Franklin's Ballads," _New England Magazine_, N. S.
XVIII, 505-7 (1898). (Thinks "The Downfall of Piracy," found in
Ashton's _Real Sea-Songs_, is "one of the two lost ballads" Franklin
mentions in _Autobiography_.)
Hale, E. E. "Franklin as Philosopher and Moralist," _Independent_, LX,
89-93 (Jan. 11, 1906). (Does not go beyond terming Franklin's
philosophy common sense.)
Harrison, Frederic. "Benjamin Franklin," in _Memories and Thoughts_. New
York: 1906, pp. 119-23. (Keen appraisal.)
Hart, C. H. "Benjamin Franklin in Allegory," _Century Magazine_, XLI (N.
S. XIX), 197-204 (Dec., 1890). (The French sanctify Franklin in
allegory.)
Hart, C. H. "Who Was the Mother of Franklin's Son? An Inquiry
Demonstrating that She Was Deborah Read, Wife of Benjamin Franklin,"
_Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography_, XXXV, 308-14 (July,
1911). (Plausible circumstantial evidence is offered.)
Hays, I. M. _The Chronology of Benjamin Franklin, Founder of the
American Philosophical Society._ Philadelphia: 1904.
Hill, D. J. "A Missing Chapter of Franco-American History," _American
Historical Review_, XXI, 709-19 (July, 1916). (Political interests of
Masonic "Lodge of the Nine Sisters," Paris, of which Franklin was an
active member. Franklin described as "creator of constitutionalism in
Europe.")
Houston, E. J. "Franklin as a Man of Science and an Inventor," _Journal
of the Franklin Institute_, CLXI, Nos. 4-5, 241-383 (April-May, 1906).
Hulbert, C. _Biographical Sketches of Dr. Benjamin Franklin, General
Washington, and Thomas Paine; with an Essay on Atheism and
Infidelity._ London: 1820. (Franklin and Washington made almost
saintly to contrast with Paine, "a notorious Unbeliever." Quotes one
who sees Franklin as "the patriot of the world, the playmate of the
lightning, the philosopher of liberty.")
Jackson, M. K. _Outlines of the Literary History of Colonial
Pennsylvania._ Lancaster, Pa.: 1906. (Especially chapter III, which
surveys Franklin as man of letters.)
Jernegan, M. W. "Benjamin Franklin's 'Electrical Kite' and Lightning
Rod," _New England Quarterly_, I, 180-96 (April, 1928). ("The question
still remains however whether Franklin flew his kite _before_ he heard
of the French experiments, and thus discovered the identity of
lightning and electricity independently." Summarizes and supersedes:
McAdie, A., "The Date of Franklin's Kite Experiment," _Proceedings of
the American Antiquarian Society_, N. S. XXXIV, 188-205; Rotch, A. L.,
"Did Benjamin Franklin Fly His Electrical Kite before He Invented the
Lightning Rod?" _Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society_, N.
S. XVIII, 115-23.)
Jordan, J. W. "Franklin as a Genealogist," _Pennsylvania Magazine of
History and Biography_, XXIII, 1-22 (April, 1899).
Jorgenson, C. E. "A Brand Flung at Colonial Orthodoxy. Samuel Keimer's
'Universal Instructor in All Arts and Sciences,'" _Journalism
Quarterly_, XII, 272-7 (Sept., 1935). (Shows deistic tendencies.)
Jorgenson, C. E. "The New Science in the Almanacs of Ames and Franklin,"
_New England Quarterly_, VIII, 555-61 (Dec., 1935). (Newtonianism and
scientific deism diffused through these popular almanacs.)
Jorgenson, C. E. "Sidelights on Benjamin Franklin's Principles of
Rhetoric," _Revue Anglo-Américaine_, 208-22 (Feb., 1934). (Franklin's
principles in general are consonant with the eighteenth-century
neoclassic ideals.)
Jorgenson, C. E. "The Source of Benjamin Franklin's Dialogues between
Philocles and Horatio (1730)," _American Literature_, VI, 337-9 (Nov.,
1934). (The source is Shaftesbury's "The Moralists," in the
_Characteristics_.)
*Jusserand, J. J. "Franklin in France," in _Essays Offered to Herbert
Putnam...._ Ed. by W. W. Bishop and A. Keogh. New Haven: 1929, pp.
226-47. (Delightful summary.)