Origin of name not ascertained.
=Denman Falls.= On the western slope, in St. Andrews Creek. Named by
Ben Longmire in honor of A. H. Denman of Tacoma, enthusiastic
mountaineer and photographer.
=Devils Dream Creek.= On the southern slope of the mountain, a
tributary of Pyramid Creek. Origin of name not ascertained.
=Dick Creek.= Flowing from Elysian Fields to the Carbon River in the
northwestern portion of the Park. Origin of name not ascertained.
=Division Rock.= At the lower end of North Mowich Glacier, on the
northwestern slope of the mountain.
=Doe Creek.= A tributary of Ipsut Creek in the northwestern portion of
the Park.
=Double Peak.= Near the southeastern boundary of the Park. The height
is marked at 6,200 feet. The name was suggested by its form.
=Eagle Cliff.= Overlooking Spray Creek in the northwestern portion of
the Park.
=Eagle Peak.= Near the south-central boundary of the Park. Elevation,
5,955 feet above sea level.
=Echo Cliffs.= In the northwestern portion of the Park above Cataract
Creek.
=Echo Rock.= On the northwest slope near Russell Glacier. Major E. S.
Ingraham named it Seattle Rock because it may be seen from that city.
He does not know who changed the name.
=Edith Creek.= On the southern slope, a tributary of the Paradise
River. In 1907, Jules Stampfler, the guide, was getting out a series
of stereopticon views and he needed a name for that creek. He does not
remember Edith's full name. She was a member of one of his parties.
=Edmunds Glacier.= On the western slope. In June, 1883, the glaciers
were visited by Vice President Oakes of the Northern Pacific Railroad
Company and United States Senator George F. Edmunds of Vermont. One
result of that trip was an order to build what has since been known as
the Bailey Willis trail to the northwestern slopes of the mountain.
Another subsequent result was the naming of the glacier in honor of
Senator Edmunds.
=Elizabeth Ridge.= Near Crater Lake in the northwestern corner of the
Park. Origin of name not ascertained.
=Elysian Fields.= One of the beautiful park regions on the northern
slope. The name was given by Major E. S. Ingraham in 1888. Elevation,
5,700 feet above sea level.
=Emerald Ridge.= On the southwestern slope of the mountain, dividing
the lower parts of the Tahoma and South Tahoma Glaciers. The name is
descriptive, but by whom it was first suggested has not been
ascertained.
=Emmons Glacier.= On the northeastern slope. This is the largest
glacier on the mountain. For a long time it was called White Glacier
because it gave rise to the river of that name. The river's name came
from the glacial whiteness of its waters. The present name is in honor
of S. F. Emmons, who, with A. D. Wilson, made the second successful
ascent of the mountain in 1870.
=Eunice Lake.= In the northwest corner of the Park near Tolmie Peak.
Bailey Willis named it Tolmie Lake in 1883; but it was not so mapped
officially, and the name was changed to honor Mrs. W. H. Gilstrap of
Tacoma. She and her husband were frequent visitors to the Crater Lake
region.
=Fairy Falls.= On the southeastern slope, in the upper waters of
Stevens Creek. Elevation, 5,500 feet above sea level.
=Falls Creek.= Rises in North Park and flows across the boundary at
the northwestern corner of the Park.
=Fay Peak.= In the northwestern portion of the Park, overlooking
Crater Lake. Elevation, 6,500 feet above sea level. The name was given
in honor of Miss Fay Fuller of Tacoma, who in 1890 was the first of
her sex to attain the summit of Mount Rainier.
=Fir Lake.= A small lake in the southeastern corner of the Park.
=Fish Creek.= A tributary of Tahoma Creek in the southwestern corner
of the Park.
=Fishers Hornpipe Creek.= On the southern slope of the mountain, a
tributary of Pyramid creek. Origin of name not ascertained.
=Flett Glacier.= Near Ptarmigan Ridge on the northwestern slope. The
name is in honor of Professor J. B. Flett of Tacoma, one of the most
enthusiastic explorers of the mountain.
=Florence Peak.= In the northwestern corner of the Park. Origin of
name not ascertained.
=Frog Heaven.= On the south-central slope of the mountain, to the west
of Narada Falls.
=Frozen Lake.= In the northern portion of the Park, just south of
Mount Fremont.
=Fryingpan Glacier.= There are two conflicting theories about this
name. One is that some campers lost a frying pan in the river, giving
it that name, which was later extended to the glacier. The other is
that Professor I. C. Russell named the glacier from its fancied
resemblance to a frying pan, and that the name was later extended to
the river. On the east-central slope of the mountain.
=Garda Falls.= In Granite Creek, a tributary of Winthrop Creek, in the
north-central portion of the Park. Named by C. A. Barnes in honor of
Miss Garda Fogg of Tacoma.
=George Lake.= See Lake George.
=Gibraltar.= This famous and forbidding cliff of rock just southeast
of the summit was named by the Ingraham party in 1889. Elevation,
12,679 feet above sea level.
=Glacier Basin.= On the northern slope of the mountain. It is a rather
steep but attractive little park, with a small lake and good spring
water. Inter Glacier is at its head and Inter Fork passes through it.
Miners at Starbo Camp maintain a little waterpower sawmill, and they
have for years worked at prospective mines on the slopes of the Basin.
They have built a wagon road to their camp, by use of which tourists
will soon become well acquainted with the beauties of Glacier Basin
and the surrounding regions. Elevation, 6,000 feet above sea level.
=Glacier Island.= On the southwestern slope of the mountain. The name
is descriptive, as the island lies between the lower parts of Tahoma
and South Tahoma Glaciers.
=Goat Island Mountain.= On the northeastern slope of the mountain,
between Emmons Glacier and Summer Land.
=Goat Island Rock.= In the lower portion of Carbon Glacier, in the
northwestern portion of the Park.
=Golden Lakes.= A cluster of beautiful lakes in and near Sunset Park,
close to the west-central boundary of the Park. At sundown they glow
like molten gold.
=Gove Peak.= In the northwestern portion of the Park. Origin of name
not ascertained.
=Governors Ridge.= Toward the east-central boundary of the Park. The
name was suggested by Superintendent Ethan Allen of the Park.
=Grand Park.= A high and extensive area in the northern portion of the
Park. The miles of relatively level ground, flower-strewn and
ornamented with circular groves of alpine firs and hemlocks, with
deer abundant every summer, make the name an appropriate one.
Elevation, 5,700 feet above sea level.
=Granite Creek.= In the north-central portion of the Park. It is a
tributary of Winthrop Creek.
=Grant Creek.= A tributary to Spray Creek in the northwestern portion
of the Park. Origin of name not ascertained.
=Green Lake.= In the northwestern corner of the Park.
=Green Park.= North of Sourdough Mountains, in the northeastern part
of the Park.
=Hall's Camp.= See Wigwam Camp.
=Hayden Creek.= A tributary of Meadow Creek in the northwestern corner
of the Park. Origin of name not ascertained.
=Henrys Hunting Ground.= See Indian Henrys Hunting Ground.
=Hessong Rock.= On the northwest slope overlooking Spray Park. It was
named in honor of a photographer who lived at Lake Kapowsin.
=Hidden Lake.= Near White River Park, in the northeastern part of the
Park.
=Howard Peak.= In the northwestern corner of the Park. Origin of name
not ascertained.
=Huckleberry Creek.= Takes its rise in the Sourdough Mountains and
flows northward across the boundary of the Park.
=Huckleberry Park.= At the headwaters of Huckleberry Creek in the
northeastern part of the Park.
=Independence Ridge.= Extending from Chenuis Mountain to the northern
boundary of the Park.
=Indian Bar.= A large gravel bar in Ohanapecosh Park on the eastern
slope of the mountain.
=Indian Henrys Hunting Ground.= About 1870, a Cowlitz Indian began
hunting mountain goats in that region. Henry Winsor, a pioneer mail
carrier, asked his name and got an unpronounceable answer. "That's no
name," said Winsor, "your name is Indian Henry." His playful joke
stuck. On the map the word "Indian" is omitted, but the United States
Geographic Board has voted to restore it. P. B. Van Trump said the
Indian's name was Sotolick.
=Ingraham Glacier.= This beautiful glacier lies between Cathedral
Rocks and Little Tahoma on the southeast slope. It was named by
Professor I. C. Russell in 1896 in honor of Major E. S. Ingraham of
Seattle.
=Inter Glacier.= On the northeast slope. It was named by Major E. S.
Ingraham in 1886 when he attempted but failed to ascend the mountain
from the north side. The name was suggested by the glacier being
hemmed in by a rim of rocks.
=Ipsut Pass.= In the northwestern corner of the Park. Flowing from it
to the Carbon River is a stream called Ipsut Creek. The word is said
to be a form of an Indian word meaning "bear."
=Iron Mountain.= On the southwestern slope of the mountain,
overlooking Indian Henrys Hunting Ground. The name describes the
masses of supposed iron stain. Elevation, 6,200 feet above sea level.
=Jeanette Heights.= On the west-central slope overlooking Edmunds
Glacier. Origin of name not ascertained.
=Josephine Creek.= A tributary of Huckleberry Creek, taking its rise
in Green Park. Origin of name not ascertained.
=June Creek.= Flows across the boundary in the northwestern corner of
the Park. Origin of name not ascertained.
=Kautz Glacier.= This glacier begins at the foot of Peak Success, the
southern summit. It was named in honor of Lieutenant (afterwards
General) A. V. Kautz, who attempted an ascent in 1857. The creek
flowing from the glacier bears the same name.
=Klapatche Ridge.= Near the west-central boundary of the Park, between
the North Puyallup River and St. Andrews Creek. Origin of name not
ascertained.
=Knapsack Pass.= In the northwestern portion of the Park, a pass
between Fay Peak and Mother Mountain from Mist Park to Crater Lake.
=Kotsuck Creek.= Flows across the east-central boundary of the Park.
Origin of name not ascertained.
=Lake Allen.= On the west slope of Mount Wow in the southwestern
corner of the Park. To avoid confusion, it was originally named Lake
O. D. Allen. The name was given in honor of the veteran botanist, who
was at one time a professor at Yale University.
=Lake Eleanor.= Near the northern boundary of the Park. Origin of name
not ascertained.
=Lake Ethel.= In the north-central portion of the Park, with outlet
into the West Fork of White River. The name was suggested by The
Mountaineers in 1912 as a compliment to the daughter of Park Ranger
Thomas E. O'Farrell.
=Lake George.= On the western slope of Mount Wow in the southwestern
corner of the Park. Origin of name not ascertained.
=Lake James.= In the north-central portion of the Park, with outlet
into Van Horn Creek. The name was suggested by The Mountaineers in
1912 as a compliment to the young son of Thomas E. O'Farrell, Park
Ranger.
=Lake Tom.= A small lake near Arthur Peak in the northwestern corner
of the Park.
=Landslide.= On the northwest of Slide Mountain, in the northeastern
corner of the Park.
=Lee Creek.= A tributary of Crater Creek in the northwestern portion
of the Park. Origin of name not ascertained.
=Liberty Cap.= The northern peak of the summit of Mount Rainier. It
has been claimed that Stevens and Van Trump gave this name at the time
of their first ascent in 1870, but Mr. Van Trump says they called it
Tahoma Peak. One of the early uses of the present name was by Bailey
Willis, who wrote in 1883: "Over the trees near the outlet, just to
the right of this pinnacle, a pure white peak towers up into the
heavens; it is the northern summit of Mount Tacoma,--the Liberty Cap."
Elevation, 14,112 feet above sea level.
=Liberty Ridge.= To the west of Willis Wall and overlooking the head
of Carbon Glacier near the northern summit. The name was adopted in
1914 by the engineers of the United States Geological Survey who made
the official map of the Park. It was suggested by John H. Williams,
author of the book entitled "The Mountain That Was God."
=Little Tahoma Peak.= A towering and rugged peak on the east flank of
Mount Rainier. Very few adventuresome climbers have as yet attained
its summit. Elevation, 11,117 feet above sea level. The only ascent
known was made by Prof. J. B. Flett and H. H. Garretson.
=Lodi Creek.= A tributary of White River, in the north-central portion
of the Park. The name is said to have been given by early prospectors
for minerals.
=Longmire Springs.= Near the southeastern boundary of the Park. The
springs were discovered by the pioneer, James Longmire, who acquired
title to the property and lived there until his death on September 17,
1897. Members of his family still maintain a resort there. The
National Park Inn, a postoffice, Park offices, and other conveniences
make Longmire the capital of the Park. Elevation, 2,761 feet above sea
level.
=Lost Creek.= Flows across the northeastern boundary of the Park.
=Louise Lake.= In the south-central portion of the Park between Mazama
Ridge and Tatoosh Range. Origin of name not ascertained.
=McClure Rock.= On the southeastern slope near Paradise Glacier. It
marks the place of the tragic death of Professor Edgar McClure, of the
University of Oregon, in 1897, while descending after taking
barometric measurements at the summit. Elevation, 7,384 feet above sea
level.
=McNealey Peak.= A part of Sourdough Mountains in the northern part of
the Park. Origin of name not ascertained.
=Madcap Falls.= On the southern slope of the mountain, in the Paradise
River between Narada Falls and Carter Falls.
=Maple Falls.= In a creek of the same name, near the southern boundary
of the Park. The creek is a tributary of Stevens Creek.
=Marcus Peak.= A part of Sourdough Mountains in the northeastern part
of the Park. Origin of name not ascertained.
=Margaret Falls.= On the southeast slope, between Cowlitz Park and
Cowlitz Glacier. The name was in honor of one of the daughters of E.
S. Hall, former Superintendent of the Park.
=Marie Falls.= On the southeast slope, in the upper waters of Nickel
Creek. Origin of name not ascertained.
=Marjorie Lakes.= Near the north-central boundary of the Park. Origin
of name not ascertained.
=Marmot Creek.= A tributary of Cataract Creek, draining Seattle Park,
in the northwestern portion of the Park. The name is for the whistling
marmot, so plentiful in that region.
=Marsh Lakes.= In the southern part of the Park.
=Martha Falls.= On the southeast slope. The falls were named in honor
of the wife of the late Elcaine Longmire, by Ben Longmire, the son.
=Martin Peak.= On the northwestern boundary of the Park. Origin of
name not ascertained.
=Mary Belle Falls.= On the southeast slope in the upper waters of
Nickel Creek. The name was suggested by Superintendent Ethan Allen in
honor of one of the daughters of E. S. Hall, former Superintendent of
the Park.
=Mazama Ridge.= On the southern slope of the mountain, beginning at
Sluiskin Falls. Named for the Oregon mountain climbing club whose main
camp was pitched there in 1905.
=Meadow Creek.= Near the northwestern boundary of the Park. It rises
near Tolmie Peak and was named by Bailey Willis in 1883.
=Mildred Point.= On the southwest slope, overlooking the foot of Kautz
Glacier. Origin of name not ascertained.
=Mineral Mountain.= On the north-central slope of the mountain,
overlooking Mystic Lake. The name tells the hopes of early prospectors
who worked there before the National Park was created.
=Mirror Lakes.= On the southwestern slope of the mountain, in Indian
Henrys Hunting Ground.
=Mist Park.= In the northwestern portion of the Park, on the shoulders
of Mother Mountain. Elevation, 6,000 feet above sea level. This park
is also known as Cataract Basin.
=Moraine Park.= On the northern slope, bordering Carbon Glacier. It
was named by Professor I. C. Russell.
=Mosquito Flat.= In the north-central portion of the Park, near Lakes
James and Ethel. The name indicates that the place was first visited
at an unfortunate season. Elevation, 4,400 feet above sea level.
=Mother Mountain.= An extensive ridge in the northwestern portion of
the Park. The name came from the figure of a woman in the rock on the
northeastern summit of the ridge clearly seen silhouetted against the
sky by those traveling on the Carbon River trail. Elevation, 6,540
feet above sea level.
=Mount Ararat.= On the southwest slope, overlooking Indian Henrys
Hunting Ground. Ben Longmire writes: "I named it because I found there
some long slabs of wood that had turned to stone and I thought they
might have been part of old Noah's boat. I also found a stump with a
ring around it as if his rope might have been tied there. It was all
stone." Elevation, 5,996 feet above sea level.
=Mount Fremont.= In the northern portion of the Park at the western
extremity of Sourdough Mountains. The origin of the name has not been
ascertained. Elevation, 7,300 feet above sea level.
=Mount Pleasant.= In the northwestern portion of the Park, overlooking
Mist and Spray Parks.
=Mount Rainier.= Named for Admiral Peter Rainier of the British Navy
by Captain George Vancouver in 1792. For his own account of the
discovery and naming of the mountain, see Chapter I of this book.
Elevation, 14,408 feet above sea level.
=Mount Ruth.= On the northeastern slope of the mountain, overlooking
the Inter and Emmons Glaciers. The name was given in honor of Ruth
Knapp, daughter of the prospector who built "Knapp's Cabin," a
landmark for tourists in the Glacier Basin region. Elevation, 8,700
feet above sea level.
=Mount Wow.= In the southwestern corner of the Park. It is sometimes
called Goat Mountain. Elevation, 6,045 feet above sea level.
=Mountain Meadows.= In the northwestern corner of the Park. The name
originated with Bailey Willis in 1883. Elevation, 4,000 feet above sea
level.
=Mowich Glaciers.= On the western and northwestern slopes of the
mountain are two beautiful glaciers known as North and South Mowich.
The name is from the Chinook jargon, meaning "deer." Who first
suggested the name has not been ascertained. Each glacier has its
draining stream. These flow together, making Mowich River, which
crosses the northwestern boundary of the Park. North Mowich was once
called Willis Glacier and South Mowich was called Edmunds Glacier.
=Muddy Fork.= On the southeastern slope of the mountain. One of
several sources of the Cowlitz River, it drains from the foot of the
large Cowlitz Glacier.
=Myrtle Falls.= On the southern slope in Edith Creek, a tributary of
the Paradise River. The name was given by Jules Stampfler, the guide,
in 1907. Myrtle was a member of one of his parties, but he has
forgotten the rest of her name.
=Mystic Lake.= On the northern slope of the mountain, between the
Winthrop and Carbon Glaciers. It is a favorite place for campers who
expect to attempt the ascent of the mountain on its northern slopes.
Elevation, 5,750 feet above sea level. Named by Prof. J. B. Flett and
H. H. Garretson on account of a mysterious temporary whirlpool seen
near its outlet.
=Nahunta Falls.= On the south slope. At one time the falls had the
name Marie, but it was changed at the suggestion of Secretary Josephus
Daniels of the United States Navy Department. He says: "The name was
familiar to me as one given by the Carolina Tuscarora to a river in
North Carolina and also to their largest fort or 'head town.'"
Secretary Daniels obtained from the Bureau of American Ethnology
information that the name has appeared under various spellings and may
mean "tall trees" or "tall timbers."
=Narada Falls.= On the south-central slope, the principal feature of
the lower Paradise River. An effort was recently made to change the
name to Cushman Falls in honor of the late Congressman F. W. Cushman,
a strong friend of the Park. The present name is of Theosophical
origin. Narada was a spiritual being worshipped by the Brahman people
in India by reason of his service to the first race of men. Among
modern Theosophists the word has become a metaphysical subject, the
greater part of which is given to esoteric students and cannot be
revealed. The word itself means "uncontaminated." The wonderful beauty
of the scene, in its pure and original form, suggested the name to an
early group of visitors, Theosophists, consisting of the following
persons: Professor E. O. Schwägerl, Mr. and Mrs. George A. Sheffield,
Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Knight, Miss Ida Wright (now Mrs. Vern Mudgett),
Mrs. Addie G. Barlow and Mr. Henry Carter. Elevation, 4,572 feet above
sea level.
=National Park Inn.= At Longmire Springs near the southwestern
entrance to the Park. This attractive hotel has frequently been so
overrun with guests that numerous tents have been used for sleeping
quarters. These are placed in the groves of pines and firs on the bank
of the Nisqually River. Many trips to interesting parts of the
mountain are made from the Inn. Elevation, 2,761 feet above sea level.
=Natural Bridge.= In the north-central portion of the Park. Many
photographers have scrambled to the scene of this natural curiosity.
Elevation, 5,400 feet above sea level.
=Needle Creek.= Near the east-central boundary of the Park. It is a
tributary of Kotsuck Creek and takes its rise near the sharp cliffs of
Cowlitz Chimneys, which may have suggested the name "Needle."
=Needle Rock.= On the northwest slope, overlooking the North Mowich
Glacier. The name was given by Professor J. B. Flett from its supposed
resemblance to Cleopatra's Needle. Elevation, 7,587 feet above sea
level.
=Nisqually Glacier.= The large glacier flowing from the southern flank
of Mount Rainier. It was named by Stevens and Van Trump in 1870 when
they found it to be the source of Nisqually River.
=Nisqually River.= Rising at the foot of Nisqually Glacier, it flows
southwesterly through the Park and empties into Puget Sound between
Tacoma and Olympia. It was mentioned in the Journal of John Work of
the Hudson's Bay Company, as early as 1824. The first settlement by
white men on Puget Sound was made by the Hudson's Bay Company near its
mouth in May, 1833. That trading post was called Nisqually House. Rev.
Myron Eells, the talented missionary, says the word comes from the
native word, "Squally-o-bish," from the tribe of that name.
=North Mowich.= See Mowich.
=North Park.= In the northwestern corner of the Park. Elevation, about
5,000 feet above sea level.
=Northern Crags.= In the northwestern portion of the Park, overlooking
Elysian Fields.
=Observation Rock.= On the northwest slope near Flett Glacier. In 1885
it was named Observation Point by Prof. L. F. Henderson. An extensive
view of western Washington is to be had from its top. Elevation, 8,364
feet above sea level.
=Ohanapecosh Glacier.= On the east-central slope of the mountain.
Below the glacier lies the beautiful Ohanapecosh Park, from which
flows the river of the same name, which passes out of the Park at the
northeastern corner of the boundary. The name is Indian, but its
meaning has not been ascertained.
=Old Desolate.= A ridge in the northwestern portion of the Park
between Moraine and Vernal Parks.
=Ollala Creek.= In the southeastern corner of the Park. The name is
from the Chinook jargon, meaning "berries."
=Owyhigh Lakes.= Near the east-central boundary of the Park. The
Yakima had a great war leader, Chief Owhigh, and this is apparently an
honor for him. See narrative by Theodore Winthrop in this book,
Chapter IV.
=Panhandle Gap.= On the east-central slope of the mountain, above the
Sarvent Glaciers. Elevation, about 7,000 feet above sea level.
=Panorama Point.= On the southern slope of the mountain, overlooking
Nisqually Glacier.
=Paradise Glacier.= On the southeast slope. In 1870, Stevens and Van
Trump called it Little Nisqually Glacier.
=Paradise River.= Stevens and Van Trump called the river Glacier Creek
in 1870.