2. Subdivisions and marriage.

They have two subdivisions, the Bundhrajia and Makadia. The latter

are so called because they eat monkeys and are looked down on by the

others. They have only a few gots or septs, all of which have the same

names as those of Gond septs. The meaning of the names has now been

forgotten. Their ceremonies also resemble those of the Gonds, and there

can be little doubt that they are an offshoot of that tribe. Marriage

within the sept is prohibited, but is permitted between the children

of brothers and sisters or of two sisters. Those who are well-to-do

marry their children at about ten years old, but among the bulk of

the caste adult-marriage is in fashion, and the youths and maidens

are sometimes allowed to make their own choice. At the betrothal the

boy and girl are made to stand together so that the caste panchayat

or elders may see the suitability of the match, and a little wine is

sprinkled in the name of the gods. The marriage ceremony is a simple

one, the marriage-post being erected at the boy's house. The party go

to the girl's house to fetch her, and there is a feast, followed by a

night of singing and dancing. They then return to the boy's house and

the couple go round the sacred pole and throw rice over each other

seven times. All the guests also throw rice over the couple with

the object, it is said, of scaring off the spirits who are always

present on this occasion, and protecting the bride and bridegroom

from harm. But perhaps the rice is really meant to give fertility to

the match. The wife remains with her husband for four days and then

they return to the house of her parents, where the wedding clothes

stained yellow with turmeric must be washed. After this they again

proceed to the bridegroom's house and live together. Polygamy and

widow-marriage are allowed, the ceremony in the marriage of a widow

consisting simply in putting bangles on her wrists and giving her

a piece of new cloth. The Kamars never divorce their wives, however

loose their conduct may be, as they say that a lawful wife is above

all suspicion. They also consider it sinful to divorce a wife. The

liaison of an unmarried girl is passed over even with a man outside

the caste, unless he is of a very low caste, such as a Ganda.

The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India, Volume 3 · 第 338 / 625 题