_Deductions._--Ten points each time the fat is below 3%. Ten points
each time the solids other than fat fall below 8.5%.
TABLE I.--_Prize Shorthorn and Jersey Cows in the Milking Trials,
London Dairy Show, 1900._
+------------------------+------+------+------+------+-------+-------+
| | | In | Milk | | Other | Total |
| Cow. | Age. | Milk.| per | Fat. |Solids.|Points.|
| | | | Day. | | | |
+------------------------+------+------+------+------+-------+-------+
| |Years.| Days.| lb. | % | % | No. |
|_Shorthorns eligible | | | | | | |
| for Herd-Book_-- | | | | | | |
| Heroine III. | 6 | 61 | 52.4 | 3.7 | 8.3 | 91.5 |
| Musical | 7 | 16 | 45.2 | 3.2 | 9.3 | 90.8 |
| Lady Rosedale | 8 | 48 | 47.8 | 3.5 | 9.0 | 88.7 |
|_Shorthorns not eligible| | | | | | |
| for Herd-Book_-- | | | | | | |
| Granny | 9 | 33 | 70.2 | 3.5 | 8.9 | 144.1 |
| Cherry | 9 | 103 | 55.5 | 4.0 | 8.9 | 127.1 |
| Chance | 6 | 23 | 60.0 | 3.6 | 8.9 | 124.6 |
|_Jerseys_-- | | | | | | |
| Sultane 14th | 12 | 256 | 41.7 | 4.9 | 9.4 | 112 |
| Queen Bess |7(1/2)| 136 | 39.4 | 4.8 | 9.0 | 101 |
| Gloaming IV. | 7 | 156 | 30.5 | 6.7 | 9.5 | 94.9 |
+------------------------+------+------+------+------+-------+-------+
This method of award is at present the best that can be devised, but it
is possible that, as experience accumulates, some rearrangement of the
points may be found to be desirable. Omitting many of the details, Table
I. shows some of the results in the case of Shorthorn and Jersey prize
cows. The days "in milk" denote in each case the number of days that
have elapsed since calving; and if the one day's yield of milk is
desired in gallons, it can be obtained approximately[1] by dividing the
weight in pounds by 10: thus, the Shorthorn cow Heroine III. gave 52.4
lb., or 5.24 gallons, of milk per day. The table is incidentally of
interest as showing how superior as milch kine are the unregistered or
non-pedigree Shorthorns--which are typical of the great majority of
dairy cows in the United Kingdom--as compared with the pedigree animals
entered, or eligible for entry, in Coates's Herd-Book. The evening's
milk, it should be added, is nearly always richer in fat than the
morning's, but the percentages in the table relate to the entire day's
milk.
The milking trials are based upon a chemical test, as it is necessary to
determine the percentage of fat and of solids other than fat in each
sample of milk. The butter test, on the other hand, is a churn test, as
the cream has to be separated from the milk and churned. The following
is the scale of points used at the London dairy show in making awards in
butter tests:--
One point for every ounce of butter; one point for every completed ten
days since calving, deducting the first forty days. Maximum allowance
for period of lactation, 12 points.
Fractions of ounces of butter, and incomplete periods of less than ten
days, to be worked out in decimals and added to the total points.
In the case of cows obtaining the same number of points, the prize to
be awarded to the cow that has been the longest time in milk.