established - 29 April 1991 aim - to supervise the cease-fire and

conduct a referendum in Western Sahara; established by the UN Security

Council members - (30) Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Brazil, China,

Croatia, Djibouti, Egypt, El Salvador, France, Ghana, Greece, Guinea,

Honduras, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, South Korea, Malaysia,

Mongolia, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Paraguay, Poland, Russia, Sri

Lanka, Uruguay, Yemen

United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL)

established - 19 September 2003 aim - to support the cease-fire

agreement and peace process, protect UN facilities and people, support

humanitarian activities, and assist in national security reform

members - (44) Bangladesh, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, China,

Croatia, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Finland,

France, The Gambia, Ghana, Indonesia, Jordan, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan,

Malaysia, Mali, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Namibia, Nepal, Niger,

Nigeria, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Romania,

Russia, Senegal, Serbia, Togo, Ukraine, US, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe

United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad

(MINURCAT)

established on 25 September 2007; to create the security and conditions

which will to contribute to the protection of refugees, displaced

persons, and citizens in danger, to facilitate the provision of

humanitarian assistance in eastern Chad and the northeastern Central

African Republic, to create favorable conditions for the reconstruction

and economic and social development of these areas; members were

Bangladesh, Benin, Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of the Congo,

Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Ireland, Kenya, Mali, Mongolia, Namibia, Nepal,

Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Russia, Rwanda, Senegal, Serbia, Sri

Lanka, Togo, Tunisia, US; MINURCAT was dissolved in December 2010

United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS)

established - March 2005 aim - to support implementation of the

comprehensive Peace Agreement by Monitoring and verifying the

implementation of the Cease Fire Agreement, by observing and monitoring

movements of armed groups, and by helping disarm, demobilizing and

reintegrating armed bands members - (60) Australia, Bangladesh,

Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Canada, China,

Croatia, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Fiji, Finland, Germany,

Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Jordan,

Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia,

Nepal, Netherland, NZ, Niger, Norway, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru,

Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone,

Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Turkey, Uganda,

Ukraine, UK, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe

United Nations Operation in Cote d'Ivoire (UNOCI)

established - 27 February 2004 aim - to facilitate the implementation

by the Ivorian parties of the peace agreement signed by them in January

2003 members - (42) Bangladesh, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Chad, China,

Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, France, The Gambia, Ghana,

Guatemala, Guinea, India, Ireland, Jordan, South Korea, Moldova,

Morocco, Namibia, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru,

Philippines, Poland, Romania, Russia, Senegal, Serbia, Tanzania, Togo,

Tunisia, Uganda, Uruguay, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe

United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic

Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO)

established - 28 May 2010 aim - to protect the civilians; to assist

the government in the areas of stabilization and peace consolidation

members - (52) Algeria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and

Herzegovine, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Canada, China, Czech Republic,

Denmark, Egypt, France, Ghana, Guatemala, India, Indonesia, Ireland,

Jordan, Kenya, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique,

Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Poland,

Romania, Russia, Senegal, Serbia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,

Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Tunisia, Ukraine, UK, US, Uruguay,

Yemen, Zambia

United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP)

established - 4 March 1964 aim - to serve as a peacekeeping force

between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots in Cyprus; established by

the UN Security Council members - (11) Argentina, Austria, Canada,

Chile, Croatia, Hungary, Paraguay, Peru, Serbia, Slovakia, UK

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)

note - acronym retained from predecessor organization UN Fund for

Population Activities established - July 1967 aim - to assist both

developed and developing countries to deal with their population

problems members (executive board ) - (36) selected on a rotating

basis from all regions

United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the

Near East (UNRWA)

established - 8 December 1949 aim - to provide assistance to

Palestinian refugees members (advisory commission) - (23) Australia,

Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland,

Italy, Japan, Jordan, Lebanon, Netherlands, Norway, Saudi Arabia,

Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Turkey, UK, US observers - (3) EC,

LAS, Palestine Liberation Organization

United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD)

established - 1963 aim - to conduct research into the problems of

economic development during different phases of economic growth

members - no country members, but a Board of Directors consisting of a

chairman appointed by the UN secretary general and 12 individual

members

United Nations Secretariat

established - 26 June 1945; effective - 24 October 1945 aim - to serve

as the primary administrative organ of the UN; a Secretary General is

appointed for a five-year term by the General Assembly on the

recommendation of the Security Council members - the UN Secretary

General and staff

United Nations Security Council (UNSC)

established - 26 June 1945; effective - 24 October 1945 aim - to

maintain international peace and security permanent members - (5)

China, France, Russia, UK, US nonpermanent members - (10) elected for

two-year terms by the UN General Assembly; Bosnia and Herzegovina

(2010-11), Brazil (2010-11), Colombia (2011-12), Gabon (2010-11),

Germany (2011-12), India (2011-12), Lebanon (2010-11), Nigeria (2010-

11), Portugal (2011-12), South Africa (2011-12)

United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO)

established - June 1948 aim - to supervise the 1948 Arab-Israeli

cease-fire; currently supports timely deployment of reinforcements to

other peacekeeping operations in the region as needed; initially

established by the UN Security Council members - (23) Argentina,

Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, China, Denmark, Estonia,

Finland, France, Ireland, Italy, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Norway,

Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, US

United Nations Trusteeship Council

established on 26 June 1945, effective on 24 October 1945, to supervise

the administration of the 11 UN trust territories; members were China,

France, Russia, UK, US; it formally suspended operations 1 November

1995 after the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (Palau) became

the Republic of Palau, a constitutional government in free association

with the US; the Trusteeship Council was not dissolved

United Nations University (UNU)

established - 3 December 1973 aim - to conduct research in

development, welfare, and human survival and to train scholars members

- (24 members of UNU Council and the Rector are appointed by the

Secretary General of the United Nations and the Director General of

UNESCO)

Universal Postal Union (UPU)

established - 9 October 1874, affiliated with the UN 15 November 1947;

effective - 1 July 1948 aim - to promote international postal

cooperation; a UN specialized agency members - (191) includes all UN

member countries except Andorra, Marshall Islands, Federated States of

Micronesia, and Palau (189 total); plus Holy See and Overseas

Territories of the UK; note - includes the following dependencies or

areas of special interest: Australia (Norfolk Island), China (Hong

Kong, Macau), Denmark (Faroe Islands, Greenland), France (French

Polynesia including Clipperton Island, French Southern and Antarctic

Lands, Mayotte, New Caledonia, Saint Barthelemy, Saint Martin, Saint

Pierre and Miquelon, Scattered Islands [Bassas da India, Europe, Juan

de Nova, Glorioso Islands, Tromelin], Wallis and Futuna), Netherlands

(Aruba), NZ (Cook Island, Niue, Tokelau), UK (Guernsey, Isle of Man,

Jersey; Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British

Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Gibraltar,

Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da

Cunha, South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands, Turks and Caicos), US

(American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, Virgin

Islands)

W

Warsaw Pact (WP)

established 14 May 1955 to promote mutual defense; members met 1 July

1991 to dissolve the alliance; member states at the time of dissolution

were: Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the USSR;

earlier members included German Democratic Republic (GDR) and Albania

West African Development Bank (WADB)

note - also known as Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement (BOAD); is

a financial institution of WAEMU established - 14 November 1973 aim -

to promote regional economic development and integration regional

members - (8) Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali,

Niger, Senegal, Togo

West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU)

note - also known as Union Economique et Monetaire Ouest Africaine

(UEMOA) established - 1 August 1994 aim - to increase competitiveness

of members' economic markets; to create a common market members - (8)

Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger,

Senegal, Togo

Western European Union (WEU)

established 23 October 1954; effective - 6 May 1955; aim to provide

mutual defense and to move toward political unification; 10 members:

Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands,

Portugal, Spain, UK; 6 associate members: Czech Republic, Hungary,

Iceland, Norway, Poland, Turkey; 7 associate partners: Bulgaria,

Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia; 5 observers:

Austria, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Sweden; note - to cease existence

completely by June 2011

World Bank Group

includes International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD),

International Development Association (IDA), International Finance

Corporation (IFC), and Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)

World Confederation of Labor (WCL)

established 19 June 1920 as the International Federation of Christian

Trade Unions (IFCTU), renamed 4 October 1968; aim was to promote the

trade union movement; on 31 October 2006 it merged with the

International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) to form the

International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC); members were (105

national organizations) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Austria,

Bangladesh, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina

Faso, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile,

Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo,

Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,

Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, France, French

Guiana, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guinea,

Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran,

Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, South Korea, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein,

Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Malta,

Martinique, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Morocco, Namibia, Nepal,

Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru,

Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Romania, Rwanda, Saint

Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe,

Senegal, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, South Africa,

Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Togo,

Trinidad and Tobago, Ukraine, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia,

Zimbabwe

World Customs Organization (WCO)

note - began as the Customs Cooperation Council (CCC) established - 15

December 1950 aim - to promote international cooperation in customs

matters members - (178) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra,

Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The

Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize,

Benin, Bermuda, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana,

Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia,

Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile,

China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of

the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech

Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, EC, Ecuador, Egypt, El

Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The

Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-

Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India,

Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,

Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia,

Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macau,

Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta,

Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco,

Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria,

Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru,

Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint

Lucia, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia,

Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa,

Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria,

Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and

Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US,

Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia,

Zimbabwe

World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)

established - 3 October 1945 aim - to promote the trade union movement

members - (in 2010 there were 109 participating nations and the

Palestine Liberation Organization; the nations were not listed); (in

2009 there were 125 nations and the Palestine Liberation Organization)

Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia,

Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus,

Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cambodia,

Cameroon, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo,

Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech

Republic, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,

Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, French Guiana, The Gambia,

Ghana, Greece, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana,

Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Japan,

Jordan, Kazakhstan, North Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon,

Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali,

Martinique, Mauritius, Mexico, Mozambique, Nepal, New Caledonia, NZ,

Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru,

Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Reunion, Romania, Russia,

Saint Lucia, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Vincent and the

Grenadines, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Solomon

Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Syria,

Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia,

Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu,

Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zimbabwe, Palestine Liberation Organization

World Food Program (WFP)

established - 24 November 1961 aim - to provide food aid in support of

economic development or disaster relief; an ECOSOC organization

members - (36) selected on a rotating basis from all regions

World Health Organization (WHO)

established - 22 July 1946; effective - 7 April 1948 aim - to deal

with health matters worldwide; a UN specialized agency members - (193)

includes all UN member countries except Liechtenstein (191 total); plus

Cook Islands and Niue

World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)

established - 14 July 1967; effective - 26 April 1970 aim - to furnish

protection for literary, artistic, and scientific works; a UN

specialized agency members - (184) includes all UN member countries

except Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia,

Nauru, Palau, Solomon Islands, Timor-Leste, Tuvalu, Vanuatu (183

total); plus Holy See

World Meteorological Organization (WMO)

established - 11 October 1947; effective - 4 April 1951 aim - to

sponsor meteorological cooperation; a UN specialized agency members -

(183) includes all UN member countries except Andorra, Equatorial

Guinea, Grenada, Liechtenstein, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Palau, Saint

Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Tuvalu

(181 total); plus Cook Islands and Niue

World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)

established - 2 January 1975 aim - to promote tourism as a means of

contributing to economic development, international understanding, and

peace members - (154) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola,

Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,

Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and

Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi,

Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad,

Chile, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of

the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech

Republic, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,

Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, France, Gabon, The Gambia,

Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,

Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy,

Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea,

Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Lithuania,

Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta,

Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro,

Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger,

Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay,

Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda,

San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia,

Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri

Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania,

Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda,

Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen,

Zambia, Zimbabwe associate members - (6) Aruba, Flanders, Hong Kong,

Macau, Madeira Islands, Puerto Rico observers - (1 plus Palestine

Liberation Organization) Holy See, Palestine Liberation Organization

World Trade Organization (WTO)

note - succeeded General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT)

established - 15 April 1994; effective - 1 January 1995 aim - to

provide a forum to resolve trade conflicts between members and to carry

on negotiations with the goal of further lowering and/or eliminating

tariffs and other trade barriers members - (153) Albania, Angola,

Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bahrain,

Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana,

Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia,

Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile,

China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the

Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech

Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,

Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, EU, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The

Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea,

Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland,

India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,

Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lesotho, Liechtenstein,

Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macau, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,

Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova,

Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ,

Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New

Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,

Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the

Grenadines, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia,

Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname,

Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo,

Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK,

US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe observers - (31)

Afghanistan, Algeria, Andorra, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Belarus,

Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Comoros, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia,

Holy See, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Laos, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya,

Montenegro, Russia, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Serbia, Seychelles,

Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Yemen; note - with the

exception of the Holy See, an observer must start accession

negotiations within five years of becoming observers

Z

Zangger Committee (ZC)

established - early 1970s aim - to establish guidelines for the export

control provisions of the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty

(NPT) members - (37) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,

Canada, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France,

Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, South

Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,

Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,

Turkey, Ukraine, UK, US observers - (1) European Commission

======================================================================

Appendix C :: Selected International Environmental Agreements

A

Air Pollution

see Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution

Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides

see Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air

Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or

Their Transboundary Fluxes

Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants

see Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air

Pollution on Persistent Organic Pollutants

Air Pollution-Sulphur 85

see Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air

Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or Their Transboundary

Fluxes by at least 30%

Air Pollution-Sulphur 94

see Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air

Pollution on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions

Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds

see Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air

Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic

Compounds or Their Transboundary Fluxes

Antarctic - Environmental Protocol

see Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty

Antarctic Treaty

The 2010 CIA World Factbook · 第 454 / 461 段