II. The true test for the past.

The question of our text implies, as we have already suggested, that our

whole lives, with all their various and often opposite experiences, are

yet an ordered whole, having a definite end. There is some purpose

beyond the moment to be served. Our joys and our sorrows, our gains and

our losses, the bright hours and the dark hours, and the hours that are

neither eminently bright nor supremely dark, our failures and our

successes, our hopes disappointed or fulfilled, and all the infinite

variety of condition and environment through which our varying days and

years have led us, co-operate for one end. It is life that makes men;

the infant is a bundle of possibilities, and as the years go on, one

possible avenue of development after another is blocked. The child might

have been almost anything; the man has become hardened and fixed into

one shape.

But all this variety of impulses and complicated experiences need the

co-operation of the man himself if they are to reach their highest

results in him. If he is simply recipient of these external forces

acting upon him, they will shape him indeed, but he will be a poor

creature. Life does not make men unless men take the command of life,

and he who lets circumstances and externals guide him, as the long water

weeds in a river are directed by its current, will, from the highest

point of view, have experienced the variations of a lifetime in vain.

No doubt each of our experiences has its own immediate and lower purpose

to serve, and these purposes are generally accomplished, but beyond

these each has a further aim which is not reached without diligent

carefulness and persistent effort on our parts. If we would be sure of

what it is to suffer life's experiences in vain, we have but to ask

ourselves what life is given us for, and we all know that well enough to

be able to judge how far we have used life to attain the highest ends of

living. We may put these ends in various ways in our investigation of

the results of our manifold experiences. Let us begin with the

lowest--we received life that we might learn truth, then if our

experience has not taught us wisdom it has been in vain. It is

deplorable to have to look round and see how little the multitude of men

are capable of forming anything like an independent and intelligent

opinion, and how they are swayed by gusts of passion, by blind

prejudice, by pretenders and quacks of all sorts. It is no less sad for

us to turn our eyes within and discover, perhaps not without surprise

and shame, how few of what we are self-complacent enough to call our

opinions are due to our own convictions.

If we ever are honest enough with ourselves to catch a glimpse of our

own unwisdom, the question of our text will press heavily upon us, and

may help to make us wiser by teaching us how foolish we are. An infinite

source of wisdom is open to us, and all the rich variety of our lives'

experiences has been lavished on us to help us, and what have we made of

it all?

But we may rise a step higher and remember that we are made moral

creatures. Therefore, whatever has not developed infant potentialities

in us, and made them moral qualities, has been experienced in vain. 'Not

enjoyment and not sorrow is our destined end and way.' Life is meant to

make us love and do the good, and unless it has produced that effect on

us, it has failed. If this be true, the world is full of failures, like

the marred statues in a bad sculptor's studio, and we ourselves have

earnestly to confess that the discipline of life has too often been

wasted upon us, and that of us the divine complaint from of old has been

true: 'In vain have I smitten thy children, they have received no

correction.'

There is no sadder waste than the waste of sorrow, and alas! we all know

how impotent our afflictions have been to make us better. But not

afflictions only have failed in their appeal to us, our joys have as

often been in vain as our sorrows, and memory, when it turns its lamp on

the long past, sees so few points at which life has taught us to love

goodness, and be good, that she may well quench her light and let the

dead past bury its dead.

But we must rise still higher, and think of men as being made for God,

and as being the only creatures known to us who are capable of religion.

'Man's chief end is to glorify God and to enjoy Him for ever.' And this

chief end is in fullest harmony with the lower ends to which we have

just referred, and they will never be realised in their fullest

completeness unless that completeness is sought in this the chief end.

From of old meditative souls have known that the beginning of wisdom is

the fear of the Lord, and that that fear is as certainly the beginning

of goodness. It was not an irrelevant rebuke to the question, 'What good

thing shall I do?' when Jesus set the eager young soul who asked it, to

justify to himself his courteous and superficial application to Him of

the abused and vulgarised title of 'Good,' and pointed him to God as the

only Being to whom that title, in its perfectness, could be given. If

'there is none good but one, that is God,' man's goodness must be drawn

from Him, and morality without religion will in theory be incomplete,

and in practice a delusion. If, then, men are made to need God, and

capable of possessing Him, and of being possessed by Him, then the great

question for all of us is, has life, with all its rapid whirl of

changing circumstance and varying fortunes, drawn us closer to God, and

made us more fit to receive more of Him? So supreme is this chief end

that a life which has not attained it can only be regarded as 'in vain'

whatever other successes it may have attained. So unspeakably more

important and necessary is it, that compared with it all else sinks into

nothingness; hence many lives which are dazzling successes in the eyes

of men are ghastly failures in reality.

Now, if we take these plain principles with us in our retrospect of the

past year we shall be launched on a very serious inquiry, and brought

face to face with a very penitent answer. Some of us may have had great

sorrows, and the tears may be scarcely dry upon our cheeks: some of us

may have had great gladnesses, and our hearts may still be throbbing

with the thrill: some of us may have had great successes, and some of us

heavy losses, but the question for us to ask is not of the quality of

our past experiences, but as to their effects upon us. Has life been so

used by us as to help us to become wiser, better, more devout? And the

answer to that question, if we are honest in our scrutiny of ourselves,

and if memory has not been a mere sentimental luxury, must be that we

have too often been but unfaithful recipients alike of God's mercies and

God's chastisements, and have received much of the discipline of life,

and remained undisciplined. The question of our text, if asked by me,

would be impertinent, but it is asked of each of us by the stern voice

of conscience, and for some of us by the lips of dear ones whose loss

has been among our chiefest sufferings. God asks us this question, and

it is hard to make-believe to Him.

Expositions of Holy Scripture Second Corinthians, Galatians, and Philippians Chapters I to End. Colossians, Thessalonians, and First Timothy. · 第 91 / 364 题