TUDOR AND LATER HERALDRY
Decorative Heraldry of the Reign of Henry VIII; The
Decadent Change in the Quality of Heraldry; Examples of
Elaborated Arms; Survival of Tradition in Heraldic Art;
Elizabethan Heraldry; Heraldry in the Seventeenth Century
and under the Commonwealth; Post-Restoration Heraldry.
In the foregoing chapters practically nothing has been said or any
illustration given of heraldry later than the reign of Henry VIII,
chiefly because little that is artistic can be found afterwards. There
are however certain points about both Elizabethan and Stewart heraldry
that are worthy of notice, especially when the old traditions have been
followed.
In the second quarter of the sixteenth century decorative heraldry may
be said to have reached its climax, and such examples as can be seen at
Hengrave Hall, Hampton Court, Athelhampton House, Cowdray House, St.
George's chapel in Windsor Castle, King's College chapel at Cambridge,
and Henry VII's Lady chapel at Westminster, or in the beautiful panel of
Henry VIII's arms at New Hall in Essex (fig. 189), are quite the finest
of their kind. Then comes a falling off, and though sporadic cases in
continuation of tradition may be found, with the advent of the
Renaissance English heraldry underwent a complete change.
[Illustration: FIG. 189. Carved panel with the crowned arms, supporters,
and badges of King Henry VIII at New Hall in Essex.]
One of the most notable differences between the older and the later
heraldry is in the quality of the heraldry itself.
In the days when men devised arms for themselves these were
characterized by a simplicity that held its own all through the
thirteenth and fourteenth centuries and well down into the fifteenth
century. But following upon a privilege that had hitherto been exercised
by the King as a mark of special honour, and in some rare cases even by
nobles, the heralds then began to assign arms to such of the newly-rich
who came to the front after the Wars of the Roses and were willing to
pay for them. Henceforth the artistic aspect of heraldry entered upon a
continuous decadent course.
The beginning is visible in the extraordinary compositions devised and
granted to all sorts and conditions of men during the reign of Henry
VIII. Such arms as had been granted by Henry VI or Edward IV, or even by
the kings-of-arms in the fifteenth century, still followed ancient
precedent, but the Tudor members of the newly incorporated Heralds'
College seem to have struck out a line for themselves.
[Illustration: FIG. 190. Paving tile with arms and initials of John Lyte
(_c._ 1535), from Marten church, Wilts.]
A notable example is furnished by the arms devised for cardinal Thomas
Wulcy. These, in token of his Suffolk origin, have for basis the
engrailed cross upon a sable field of the Uffords (to whom he was not
related), charged with the leopards' heads of the de la Poles and a lion
passant (perhaps for England); to which is added a gold chief, with a
red Lancastrian rose, and two of the Cornish choughs from the posthumous
arms of St. Thomas of Canterbury in allusion to his Christian name!
The arms granted by Christopher Barker, Garter, in 1536 to the city of
Gloucester afford another example. They consist of the sword of state of
the city, with the sword-bearer's cap on the point, set upright on a
gold pale, and flanked on either side by a silver horseshoe and a triad
of horsenails on a green field; there is also (as in Wulcy's arms) a
chief party gold and purple, with the silver boar's head of Richard III
(who granted a charter to the city) between the halves of a Lancastrian
red rose and of a Yorkist white rose, each dimidiated with a golden sun!
A reference to Bedford's _Blazon of Episcopacy_ will show that the arms
of a considerable number of the bishops appointed during the reigns of
Henry VIII and Edward VI were characterized by overcharged chiefs like
those just described, and these may be taken as typical of the arms
then being granted by the kings-of-arms. The same passion for crowding
the shield is seen even in many of the less elaborate arms that were
occasionally granted.
Things did not improve under Mary and Elizabeth. Simple arms continued
to be issued from the College, but mixed with such extravagant bursts as
that of Laurence Dalton, Norroy, who granted in January 1560-1 to the
famous physician doctor John Caius these arms:
Golde semyd w^{th} flowre gentle in the myddle of the
cheyfe, sengrene resting uppon the heades of ij serpentes
in pale, their tayles knytte to gether, all in proper
color, resting uppon a square marble stone vert, betwene
theire brestes a boke sable, garnyshed gewles, buckles
gold, and to his crest upon thelme a Dove argent, bekyd &
membred gewles, holding in his beke by the stalke, flowre
gentle in propre color, stalked verte, set on a wreth
golde & gewles.
This precious composition is further described in the grant as
betokening by the boke lerning: by the ij serpentes
resting upon the square marble stone, wisdom with grace
founded & stayed upon vertues stable stone: by sengrene &
flower gentle, immortality y^t never shall fade, etc.
The way in which matters went from bad to worse is shown by the case of
the Company of 'Barbours & Chirurgeons' of London, to whom had been
granted in 1561
paly argent and vert, on a pale gules a lyon passant
gardant golde betweene two Spatters argent on eche a
double rose gules and argent crowned golde.
The united genius of Garter, Clarenceux, and Norroy 'improved' these
arms in 1569 into:
Quarterly the first sables a Cheveron betweene three
flewmes argent: the second quarter per pale argent and
vert on a Spatter of the first, a double Rose gules and
argent crowned golde: the third quarter as the seconde and
the fourth as the first: Over all on a Crosse gules a lyon
passant gardant golde.
Such compositions as these could not but fail to bring heraldry into
contempt, and men soon ceased to revel in and play with it in the same
delightful way as before. Here and there, as in Sir Thomas Tresham's
market house at Rothwell, or in Sir Henry Stafford's great mansion of
Kirby Hall, tradition has been held fast, and play is made upon the
former with the Tresham trefoils, and in the latter with Stafford knots
and with crests treated as badges in quite the old style. At Kirby Hall,
despite its date (1572-5), and at Cadhay in Devon, sitting figures of
beasts with shields of arms were set upon the gables, and at Kirby upon
the pinnacles that surmounted the pilasters about the court. A good
panel with the arms and badge apparently of Sir John Guldeford (_ob._
1565) is to be seen in East Guldeford church, Sussex (fig. 191).
[Illustration: FIG. 191. Arms, with crested helm and badge (a blazing
ragged-staff) of, apparently, Sir John Guldeford of Benenden (_ob._
1565) in East Guldeford church, Sussex.]
A remarkably fine specimen of Elizabethan heraldic decoration is also to
be seen in the great chamber of Gilling castle, Yorks, as finished by
Sir William Fairfax about 1585. Here the beautiful inlaid wall-panelling
is surmounted by a frieze nearly four feet deep, painted with hunting
scenes and a series of large trees, upon which are hung according to
wapentakes the shields of arms of Yorkshire gentlefolk. The chimney
piece displays the armorial ensigns of the builder, with those of his
Queen above, and four other shields, and between the frettings of the
plaster ceiling are the Fairfax lions and goats, and the Stapleton
talbot. The rich effect of the whole is completed by the contemporary
heraldic glazing with which the windows happily are filled.
But in Elizabethan buildings generally, heraldry made but a poor show.
Supporters and other creatures had descended from the gables to stand or
squat upon gateposts, and occasionally a square panel filled with
heraldry was inset above a doorway or a porch; or the family crest,
divorced from its helm, was carved upon the spandrels of the entrance.
But the former glory had disappeared, and shields of arms were often
replaced by initials and dates of owners and builders, presumably
because they were 'non-armigerous persons.'
Within doors matters were somewhat better. Such gorgeous rooms as the
great chamber at Gilling were quite exceptional, and heraldic display
was usually confined to the elaborately carved overmantels of the
chimneys, which served as a frame for the family arms and crested helm
with grand flourishing of mantlings. These were often repeated upon the
cast-iron fire-backs. The art of the plasterer was extended to the
inclusion of crests and other devices among the ornaments of the
moulded ceilings, and the glazier continued to fill the windows with
beautiful coloured shields of alliances. Occasionally too the family
arms were woven into carpets or table covers; or embroidered by the
ladies of the house on the hangings of the state bed, within charming
wreaths of flowers copied from those in the garden (fig. 192).
[Illustration: FIG. 192. Part of a bed-hanging embroidered with the arms
of Henry and Elizabeth Wentworth, _c._ 1560, formerly in the possession
of Sir A. W. Franks, K.C.B.]
The monuments of the dead continue as before to be adorned with
heraldry, but in a different way, and for the beautiful simple arms and
devices of the medieval memorial began to be substituted the
concentrated shield of the family quarterings, with crest and mantled
helm, and such supporters as the College of Arms allowed or approved.
Despite the inevitable consequent formality, there is often much that is
good about the treatment of Elizabethan and Jacobean heraldry, and it
would not be easy, even at an earlier date, to beat the delightful lions
upon the shields on the Lennox tomb at Westminster (fig. 194), or to
fill up more satisfactorily a shield like that above the monument of Sir
Ralph Pecksall (fig. 195). The effective way in which the shield itself
is treated in this case is also praiseworthy, and both shields are
models of heraldic carving in low relief.
[Illustration: FIG. 193. Arms of Cotes, from a mazer print of 1585-6.]
[Illustration: FIG. 194. Shield from the tomb of Margaret countess of
Lennox (_ob._ 1578) in Westminster abbey church.]
[Illustration: FIG. 195. Achievement of arms from the monument of Sir
Richard Pecksall (_ob._ 1571) in Westminster abbey church.]
The Lennox and Pecksall shields are likewise indicative of another
characteristic change, the desire to illustrate ancient descent by the
multiplication of quarterings. The disastrous consequences of this
practice, even in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, have already
been pointed out, but in the reign of Elizabeth it was carved to such an
excess as to produce at times a mere patchwork of carved or painted
quarters, in which the beauty of the heraldry was entirely lost. In the
great hall of Fawsley House, Northants, there hangs a coloured
achievement of the Knightley family containing actually 334
quarterings, which have been rightly described by Mr. J. A. Gotch as
'330 too many for decorative effect.'
The heraldry of the seventeenth century is in general but a duller
version of that of the later sixteenth century, with a tendency to
become more commonplace as time goes on.
Under the Commonwealth every vestige of regality was ordered to be put
down and done away; a very large number of representations of the royal
arms were defaced and destroyed; and the leopards of England were for a
time 'driven into the wilderness' along with the lion of Scotland. It
was nevertheless thought desirable that the United Kingdom should still
have arms, and on THE GREAT SEALE OF ENGLAND/ IN THE FIRST YEARE OF
FREEDOM BY GOD'S BLESSING RESTORED, that is, 1648, the cross of St.
George appears for England, and a harp for Ireland. The royal crown was
at the same time superseded, on all maces and other symbols of kingly
power, by another which curiously reproduces all its elements. It had a
circlet inscribed THE FREEDOM OF ENGLAND BY GOD'S BLESSING RESTORED,
with the date, and for the cresting of crosses and fleurs-de-lis there
was substituted an intertwined cable enclosing small cartouches with
the cross of St. George and the Irish harp. The new crown was also
arched over, with four graceful incurved members like ostrich feathers,
but wrought with oak leaves and acorns. These supported a pyramidal
group of four handsome cartouches with the cross and harp surrounded by
an acorn, instead of the orb and cross.[29] Perfect examples of this
singular republican crown still surmount the two maces of the town of
Weymouth.
[29] A curious variant of this crown, with a jewelled instead of an
inscribed band, heads a drawing of the city arms of the date 1651 in the
Dormant Book of the corporation of Carlisle.
On the obverse of the new great seal of the Commonwealth, designed and
engraved by Simon and first used in 1655, the field is filled with an
heraldic achievement of some interest (fig. 196). This includes a shield
with the cross of St. George in the first and fourth quarters, St.
Andrew's cross in the second quarter, and the Irish harp in the third
quarter, with the lion of Cromwell on a scutcheon of pretence. This
shield of the State's arms is supported by a lion with a royal crown on
his head, and by a dragon, standing upon the edge of a ribbon with
the motto PAX QVÆRITVR BELLO, and is surmounted by a front-faced helm
with much flourished mantling, with a royal crown and the crowned
leopard crest above, set athwart the helm.
[Illustration: FIG. 196. Obverse of the Great Seal of the Republic of
England, Scotland, and Ireland, 1655.]
The seal furnishes an excellent illustration of the heraldic art of the
period, but it is singular that under a Nonconformist domination the
arms selected for England and Scotland should consist of the crosses of
their patron saints. It is also interesting to note that the expunged
arms of England and Scotland had evidently been regarded rightly as
personal to the murdered King. A further curious point is the
reappearance on the seal of the royal crown of England above the helm
and on the leopard crest and the lion supporter.
On the reverse of the seal just noted the State's new arms are repeated
on a cartouche behind the equestrian figure of the Protector.
Of the heraldry of the Restoration and later it is hardly necessary to
make mention, so lifeless and dull is the generality of it. A good
specimen _c._ 1670 with the arms of the Trinity House (fig. 197), and a
later one (fig. 198) with the arms, etc. of the Trevor family, are to
be seen in the Victoria and Albert Museum. Reference is due, too, to one
other notable example. This is the beautiful panelled ceiling set up
over the chapel (formerly the great hall) of Auckland castle, by doctor
John Cosin bishop of Durham (fig. 199). It was in making from 1662 to
1664, by a local carpenter, and consists for the most part of a series
of square panels containing alternately the cross and four lions that
form the arms of the bishopric of Durham, and the fret forming the arms
of Cosin. In the middle bay the bishop's arms are given in an oval, and
flanked by similar ovals with the eagle of St. John in allusion to his
name. No earlier wooden ceiling could be finer in conception, and the
effect of the whole was originally enhanced by colour and gilding, but
this was most unhappily removed by order of bishop Barrington
(1791-1826).
[Illustration: FIG. 197. Arms, etc. of the Trinity House, London. From a
wood carving _c._ 1670 in the Victoria and Albert Museum.]
[Illustration: FIG. 198. Limewood carving with the arms and crest of the
Trevor family, _c._ 1700, in the Victoria and Albert Museum.]
[Illustration: FIG. 199. Part of the carved oak ceiling of the chapel,
formerly the hall, of Auckland castle, Durham, with the arms of bishop
John Cosin, date 1662-4.]
With so notable a late survival of medieval tradition this book may
fitly end.
CHRONOLOGICAL SERIES OF ILLUSTRATIONS
The following series of illustrations is an attempt to gather up into
chronological order such of the more typical examples in this book as
serve to show the development and various applications of heraldic art
from the thirteenth to the eighteenth century. The series could, of
course, have been extended indefinitely, but the present collection is
probably sufficient for its purpose.
[Illustration: _c._ 1255
_c._ 1259
Tiles _c._ 1255 from the chapter-house and shield _c._ 1259 from the
quire aisle of Westminster abbey]
[Illustration: Shields _c._ 1259 from the quire aisles of Westminster
abbey church]
[Illustration: The Syon Cope, a late thirteenth-century work with
armorial orphrey and border in the Victoria and Albert Museum]
[Illustration: Quartered shield of Queen Eleanor of Castile, from her
tomb at Westminster, 1291]
[Illustration: 1 2
Seals from the Barons' Letter of 1301 of (1) Hugh Bardolf and (2) Henry
Percy]
[Illustration: Diapered shield from the monument of the lady Eleanor
Percy (_ob._ 1337) in Beverley Minster]
[Illustration: Diapered shield from the monument of the lady Eleanor
Percy (_ob._ 1337) in Beverley Minster]
[Illustration: Shield of the arms of Sir Humphrey Littlebury, from his
effigy at Holbeach in Lincolnshire; _c._ 1360]
[Illustration: Shields from brasses at New Romney, Kent, and at
Salisbury, 1375]
[Illustration: Shield modelled in boiled leather, from the tomb of
Edward prince of Wales, _ob._ 1376, at Canterbury]
[Illustration: Shield and crested helm with simple mantling from a brass
at Southacre, Norfolk, 1384]
[Illustration: Stall-plate of Ralph lord Bassett, 1390, showing simple
form of mantling]
[Illustration: 1 2
Shields with lions from (1) Felbrigge, Norfolk, _c._ 1380, and (2) from
Spilsby, Lincs, 1391]
[Illustration: Shields from brasses at Chipping Campden, Glos. 1401, and
Great Tew, Oxon, 1410]
[Illustration: Arms of St. Edmund the King and St. Edward the Confessor,
from the tomb of Edmund duke of York, _ob._ 1402, at King's Langley]
[Illustration: Seal of Richard Beauchamp earl of Warwick, in 1403, and
early fifteenth-century heraldic tiles from Tewkesbury abbey church]
[Illustration: Shields from brasses at Checkendon, Oxon, 1404, and
Boughton-under-Blean, Kent, 1405]
[Illustration: Shields from brasses at Kidderminster, Worcs, 1415, and
Whitchurch, Oxon, _c._ 1420]
[Illustration: Part of the chancel arcade in Wingfield church, Suffolk,
with badges of Michael de la Pole earl of Suffolk, _ob._ 1415, and his
wife Katherine Stafford]
[Illustration: Stall-plate of Walter lord Hungerford, after 1426]
[Illustration: Stall-plate of Humphrey duke of Buckingham as Earl of
Stafford, _c._ 1429]
[Illustration: Tomb of Lewis Robsart lord Bourchier, _ob._ 1431, in
Westminster abbey church]
[Illustration: Banner stall-plate of Richard Nevill earl of Salisbury,
_c._ 1436]
[Illustration: Banner stall-plate of Sir John Grey of Ruthin, _c._
1439]
[Illustration: Spandrel of the tomb of Oliver Groos, Esq., _ob._ 1439,
in Sloley church, Norfolk]
[Illustration: Chimney-piece in Tattershall castle, Lincs, built by
Ralph lord Cromwell between 1433 and 1455]
[Illustration: Print from a mazer at All Souls college, Oxford, _c._
1450, and shield from a brass at Stanford Dingley, Berks, 1444]
[Illustration: Seals of Edmund duke of Somerset, _c._ 1445, and John
Tiptoft earl of Worcester, 1449]
[Illustration: Seal of Cecily Nevill, wife of Richard duke of York and
mother of King Edward IV, 1461]
[Illustration: _c._ 1500
_c._ 1476
Shields from the chantry chapel of Thomas Ramryge abbot of St. Albans,
_c._ 1500, and from a brass at Stoke Poges, Bucks, 1476]
[Illustration: Oriel window in the Deanery at Wells, with badges of King
Edward IV and rebuses of Dean Gunthorpe, _c._ 1475-80]
[Illustration: Armorial panel, _temp._ King Edward IV, from the George
Inn at Glastonbury]
[Illustration: Chimney-piece in the Bishop's Palace at Exeter, with arms
and badges of bishop Peter Courtenay, 1478-87]
[Illustration: Gateway to the Deanery at Peterborough with arms and
badges of King Henry VII and others, built by Robert Kirkton, abbot
1497-1526]
[Illustration: Heraldic candle-holder, etc. from the bronze grate about
the tomb of King Henry VII at Westminster]
[Illustration: Bronze door with York and Beaufort badges from Henry
VII's chapel at Westminster]
[Illustration: Crowned initials of King Henry VII from his chapel at
Westminster, and crowned portcullis and rose from King's college chapel
at Cambridge]
[Illustration: Crowned arms and supporters of King Henry VII in King's
college chapel at Cambridge]
[Illustration: Carved panel with the crowned arms, supporters, and
badges of King Henry VIII at New Hall, Essex]
[Illustration: Gatehouse of Christ's college at Cambridge, built by the
lady Margaret Beaufort after 1505]
[Illustration: Base of an oriel on the master's lodge at Christ's
college in Cambridge with the armorial ensigns of the lady Margaret
Beaufort, foundress, _c._ 1505]
[Illustration: Armorial panel with the arms, etc. of the lady Margaret
Beaufort, on the gatehouse of St. John's college in Cambridge]
[Illustration: Head of a doorway, now in Norwich Guildhall, _temp._ King
Henry VIII]
[Illustration: Paving tile, _c._ 1535, from Marten church, Wilts; and
shield of St. George in the Garter from the brass of Thomas earl of
Wiltshire and Ormond, 1533, at Hever in Kent]
[Illustration: Lozenge of arms from the monument at Westminster of
Frances Brandon duchess of Suffolk, _ob._ 1559]
[Illustration: Part of an embroidered bed-hanging, _c._ 1560]
[Illustration: Arms with crested helm and badge of (apparently) Sir John
Guldeford of Benenden, _ob._ 1565, in East Guldeford church, Sussex]
[Illustration: Armorial ensigns from the monument of Sir Richard
Pecksall, _ob_. 1571, in Westminster abbey church]
[Illustration: Shield from the tomb of Margaret countess of Lennox,
_ob._ 1578, in Westminster abbey church]
[Illustration: Obverse of the Great Seal of the Republic of England,
Scotland, and Ireland, 1655]
[Illustration: Part of the carved oak ceiling of the chapel of Auckland
castle, Durham, with the arms of bishop John Cosin. Date, 1662-4]
[Illustration: Arms, etc. of the Trinity House, London. From a
wood-carving _c._ 1670 in the Victoria and Albert Museum]
[Illustration: Limewood carving with the arms and crest of the Trevor
family, _c._ 1700, in the Victoria and Albert Museum]
INDEX
INDEX
Academy, Royal, heraldry at exhibitions, 33
Acton church (Suffolk), brass in, 252
Africa, South, 269
Albans, Saint, 54, 164, 259, 281;
abbey church of, 73, 74
Albemarle, Richard earl of, _see_ Beauchamp;
William earl of, _see_ Forz
Albert Medal for Bravery, 265
Aldeburgh arms, 326
Aldeburgh, Margaret, 326;
Sir William, 326
Alderby, John of, bp. of Lincoln, 322
Aldermaston (Berks), 306
Alen, Sir John, 307, 308
Alexandra, Queen, banner of, 228
Alexandria, rubies of, 275, 290
Alnwick, William, bp. of Norwich, 264
Andrew, saint, cross or saltire of, 40, 225, 248, 249
Angoulême, arms of, 119
Anne of Bohemia, Queen, 89, 172, 185, 324
Anstis, John, 309
Anthony, cross of saint, 50
Antiquaries, Society of, 233
Aquitaine, duchy of, 154
Arms, rolls of, 62
Arundel (Sussex), effigy at, 277, 279
Arundel, Beatrice countess of, 278;
Edmund earl of, _see_ FitzAlan;
Joan countess of, 279, 280;
Richard earl of, _see_ FitzAlan;
Thomas earl of, 273, 277;
Sir Edmund of, 118;
Sir William, 144, 145;
William earl of, _see_ FitzAlan
Ashmole, Elias, 224
Astley, Sir John, 131
Aston (Warw), effigy at, 305
Athelhampton House (Dorset), 331
Auckland castle (Durham), ceiling in, 352, 353
Aveline, countess of Lancaster, 120
Badges, 165-184
Badlesmere, Bartholomew, 117;
Maud, 117, 118
Baliol arms, 326
Ballard arms, 61
Banastre, Sir Thomas, 141
Banner, the King's, 219, 220, 226, 227, 228
Banners of arms, 216, 217, 219-233
Bar, the, 40
Barbours and Chirurgeons, Company of, 337
Bardolf, Hugh, seal of, 68;
William lord, _see_ Phelip
Baret, John, 303
Barker, Christopher, Garter, 335
Barons' Letter of 1300-1, 49, 68, 69, 77, 82, 112, 113, 124, 125, 126,
172, 181, 195
Barre, Henry count of, 113;
Joan dau. of, 113
Barrington, bishop, 353
Barron, Mr. Oswald, 52
Barry, 43;
number of bars, 48
Bartholomew, hospital of Saint, arms, 48
Basing House (Hants), 285
Bassett, Ralph lord, 112, 140, 142
Baston, the, 44
Bath, collar of the, 293;
Order of the, 253
Bath and Wells, Thomas bp. of, _see_ Beckington
Batour, John, 199
Battled, 45
Baunton (Glos), frontal at, 320
Bayeux, seal for town of, 205, 210
Beatrice countess of Arundel, 278
Beauchamp arms, 51, 58, 63, 97;
badges, 58, 96, 184;
family, 103
Beauchamp, Henry, earl of Warwick, 272;
John, of Hacche, 197;
Margaret, 96, 214;
Richard, earl of Warwick and Albemarle, 61, 96, 144, 146, 204, 208,
209, 214, 221, 274, 276;
Thomas, earl of Warwick, 175, 198
Beaufort, Edmund, duke of Somerset, 205, 210;
Henry, bp. of Winchester, 164;
Joan, countess of Westmorland, 278, 282;
John, duke of Somerset and earl of Kendal, 206, 231;
the lady Margaret, 184, 209, 286-288
Beaufort portcullis, 169, 288, 304
Beaumont, John lord, 141;
Margaret, 217
Beckington, Thomas, bp. of Bath and Wells, rebus of, 188, 191
Bedale (Yorks), effigy at, 73
Bedford, Jasper duke of, _see_ Jasper
Bedford, John duke of, _see_ John
Bedford's _Blazon of Episcopacy_, 335
Bek, Antony, bp. of Durham, arms of, 50
Bend, the, 40, 41;
Bendy, 44
Benenden (Kent), 339
Bensted arms, 114
Bensted, Sir John, 114;
Parnell, 114
Bentley, Little (Essex), brass at, 306
Berkeley arms, 51, 63;
badge, 184;
mermaid collar, 310, 311
Berkeley, Thomas of, 125;
Thomas lord, 309, 310
Bermingham, Walter, 117
Berners arms, 97
Beverley (Yorks), 329;
waits' collars, 313
Beverley minster, heraldry in, 54, 106, 107, 108
Bigod, Sir John, 299
Boar, silver, of King Richard III, 304
Bohemia, Anne of, _see_ Anne
Bohun, Eleanor, 172, 214, 323;
Humphrey, earl of Hereford and Essex, 172, 193, 194, 196, 274;
John de, earl of Hereford, 115;
Mary, 92, 172, 298
Bohun of Hereford, arms of, 96;
of Northampton, arms of, 96
Bohun swan badge, 172, 184, 196, 214, 298, 327
Bordeaux, John seneschal of, _see_ Nevill
Border, the, 41
Boroughbridge Roll, 62
Botreaux, Margaret lady of, _see_ Hungerford;
William lord, 203, 217
Boughton-under-Blean (Kent), brass at, 81
Bourchier arms, 97;
knot, 184-186, 188;
water-bougets, 182
Bourchier, Henry, earl of Essex, 188;
Henry lord, 158;
Hugh lord, _see_ Stafford;
John lord, 143, 158;
Lewis lord, _see_ Robsart;
Sir Humphrey, 97, 186;
Thomas, abp. of Canterbury, 186
Boutell, Rev. C., 157
Bowet, Henry, abp. of York, 328, 329
Brabant, arms of, 119
Brancepeth (Durham), effigies at, 304
Brandon, Frances, duchess of Suffolk, 110
Braose, William de, 112
Bristol waits' collars, 313
British Museum, 53, 261, 262, 304
Bromfleet, Sir Thomas, arms of, 82
Brooke, George, lord Cobham, 133
Broom-cods, collar of, 309
Brotherton, _see_ Thomas
Bryen, arms of, 252
Bryen, Guy lord, 73, 74, 196
Buch, the Captal de, 141
Buckingham, duke and earl of, _see_ Stafford;
Henry duke of, 96, 98
Buckingham, earldom of, arms of, 96
Buckingham Palace, memorial in front of, 34
Bullen, Thomas, earl of Wiltshire and Ormond, 267
Bures, arms of, 252
Burgh, John of, 114;
Sir Thomas, stall-plate of, 136;
William of, earl of Ulster, 117, 119
Burghersh, barony of, 200;
Sir Bartholomew, 198
Burlington House, _see_ London
Burnell, Hugh lord, 141, 149
Burnham Thorpe (Norfolk), brass at, 296
Burton, Thomas, bp. of Exeter, 322
Bury St. Edmunds, St. Mary's church at, 303
Cadhay (Devon), 338
Caius, doctor John, 336
Calais, arms of, 215;
seal of mayoralty of, 214, 215
Calthorpe, Sir William, 296
Cambridge, arms of regius professors, 253;
rebus on name, 189
Cambridge, Christ's college, 179, 286, 287, 288;
King's college chapel, 170, 181, 210, 213, 331;
Pembroke college, 252;
St. John's college, 181, 288, 289
Camoys, lady, brass of, 296;
Thomas lord, 261, 263;
arms of, 264
Candle-holder, heraldic, 55
Canterbury, 61, 84, 101, 102, 132, 134, 166, 167, 168, 186, 260, 270,
271, 290, 291, 300, 303, 335
Canterbury, Christchurch, 120, 321
Canterbury, John abp. of, _see_ Morton;
Thomas abp. of, _see_ Bourchier;
William abp. of, _see_ Courtenay;
William archdn. of, _see_ Pakington
Cap of estate, the, 154
Carlisle Dormant book, 347
Carnarvon, Edward of, 111
Castile, arms of, 86, 111;
castle of, 114;
kingdom of, 112
Castile and Leon, castles and lions of, 114
Chamberlayne, Sir William, 158
Charles IV, Emperor, 89
Chaucer, Geoffrey, arms of, 48
Chaworth, arms of, 117
Checkendon (Oxon), brass at, 256
Checky, 44;
number of checkers, 49
Chester, arms of, 135;
sheriff's chain, 315
Chester, Edward earl of, _see_ Edward prince of Wales
_Chevaler au cing_, 171
Cheveron, the, 41, 42
Cheyney, Sir John, 306
Chief, the, 41, 42
Chipping Campden (Glos), brass at, 90
Chronological series of illustrations, 354-407
Cinque Ports, arms of the, 135
Clare arms, 114, 115, 117, 199;
black bulls of, 204, 207;
label of, 101
Clare, Elizabeth de, 114;
Gilbert de, earl of Gloucester, 114, 194
Clarence, duke of, _see_ Lionel;
George duke of, _see_ George;
Thomas duke of, _see_ Thomas
Clehonger (Heref), 76
Clerk, Dan John, 329
Clifford, Robert de, 171
Clopton arms, 45, 46
Clun, arms of, 106
Cobham (Kent), 133, 134
Cobham, George Brooke, lord, 133, 134;
Raynald, lord, 141
Cockermouth, Henry Percy, lord of, _see_ Percy
Colchester, arms of, 50
College of Arms, _see_ Heralds' College
Colley, Thomas de, 325
Constance, brass at, 263, 265
Constance of Castile, 111
Corfe castle, Dorset, 69
Cornwall, earl of, _see_ Richard;
Edmund earl of, 194;
Edward duke of, _see_ Edward prince of Wales
Coronets, introduction and history of, 271-285
Cosin arms, 353
Cosin, John, bp. of Durham, 352, 353
Cotes, arms of, 343
Cotises, 45
Counter-coloured, 48
Courtenay dolphin, 182
Courtenay, Hugh, earl of Devon, 116;
Peter, bp. of Exeter, 175, 177;
Sir Peter, 229;
William, abp. of Canterbury, 162
Coventry cross, 242
Cowdray House, Sussex, 239, 331
Crests, origin and treatment of, 123;
use of, by bishops, 161-163
Cromwell lion, 347
Cromwell, Ralph lord, 57
Cross, the, 40;
varieties of, 49, 50
Crosslets, 51
Crowns, heraldic, 148-153
Crusily, 51
Cyprus gold, 327, 328
D'Abernoun, Sir John, 235
Dabrichecourt, Sir Sanchet, 140, 143
Dalton, Laurence, Norroy, 336
D'Amory, Roger lord, 114
Daunce, the, 45
David, King of Scotland, 325
Dennington (Suffolk), 60, 297
Derby, Henry earl of, _see_ Henry;
Thomas earl of, _see_ Stanley
Despenser arms, 63, 88
Despenser, Henry le, bp. of Norwich, 161, 162;
Richard lord, _see_ Beauchamp;
Thomas lord, 199
Devon, Hugh earl of, _see_ Courtenay
Deynelay, Robert, 129
Diapering, 105-108
Differencing of arms, 98-103
Dimidiation, 251
Dorking, Rev. E. E., rebus of, 192
Dorset (county of), 59
Dover (Kent), arms of, 135
Dreux arms, 119
Dublin, Richard marquess of, _see_ Oxford
Durham, arms of bishopric of, 353;
bishops of, 163
Durham, Cuthbert bp. of, _see_ Tunstall;
John bp. of, _see_ Cosin, Fordham;
Robert bp. of, _see_ Nevill;
Thomas bp. of, _see_ Hatfield, Langley;
Walter bp. of, _see_ Skirlaw
Easton, Little (Essex), 188
Edmund earl of Kent, 99;
earl of Lancaster, 100
Edmund of Langley duke of York, 94, 101, 150, 155, 167, 199, 206, 229
Edmund, saint, arms of, 150
Edward I, King, 86, 99, 100, 101, 113, 114, 237
Edward II, King, 47, 86, 99, 115, 291, 293
Edward III, King, 61, 88, 92, 101, 125, 154, 155, 214, 215, 263, 272,
323, 324, 325, 326
Edward IV, King, 75, 168, 190, 208, 212, 222, 225, 291, 304, 334
Edward V, King, 200
Edward VI, King, 272, 335
Edward prince of Wales, 61, 84, 99, 101, 102, 132, 134, 155, 166, 167,
260, 261, 262, 271
Edward, saint, arms of, 37, 50, 89, 94, 323
Eleanor, daughter of King Edward I, 113
Eleanor of Castile, Queen, 71, 86, 91, 113, 114, 170, 270, 323
Elizabeth, Queen, 224, 225, 336
Elsefield, Elizabeth, 118;
Sir Gilbert, 118
Elsing (Norf), brass at, 100, 157
Eltham, John of, _see_ John
Embroideries, heraldic, 319-330
Engayn, John, 127
England, 59, 248, 249, 335;
arms of, 88, 89, 99, 111, 113, 115, 350;
leopards of, 217, 226, 346;
lion supporter of, 206
England, King of, 79, 322, 323;
supporters of, 206
Engrailing, 44
Erdington family, knight of, 305, 312
Ermine, 39, 258
Erpingham, Sir Thomas, 144
Essex, earl of, _see_ Stafford Humphrey;
Henry earl of, _see_ Bourchier;
Humphrey earl of, _see_ Bohun
Essex, earldom of, arms of, 193
Est, Robert, 329
Esturmy, Henry, _see_ Sturmy
Etchingham church (Sussex), 239, 240
Etchingham, Sir William, 239
Eton College arms, 47
Ewelme (Oxon), effigy at, 283, 284
Exeter, bishop's palace at, 175, 177;
brass at, 185;
sheriff's chain, 312;
waits' collars, 313, 314
Exeter, duchess of, 283;
Edward bp. of, _see_ Stafford;
Peter bishop of, 321;
Peter bp. of, _see_ Courtenay;
Thomas bp. of, _see_ Burton;
Thomas duke of, _see_ Holand;
Thomas duke of, _see_ Thomas
Fairfax lions and goats, 339
Fairfax, Sir William, 338
Falstaff, Sir John, 203
Farnham, Sir Robert, arms of, 48
Fauconberg, William lord, 229
Fawsley House (Northants), 343
Felbrigge (Norf), brass at, 78, 89
Felbrigge, Sir Simon, 158, 160
Fer-de-moline, 47, 50
Ferrers, Thomas earl, _see_ Thomas;
William de, 197
Fesse, the, 40
Fetterlock-and-falcon badge, 168, 169
Firedogs, heraldic, 56
FitzAlan, Alice, 273, 274;
Brian, arms, 73;
Edmund, earl of Arundel, 118;
Joan, 196, 273, 274;
Richard, earl of Arundel, 115, 273, 275;
William, earl of Arundel, 279
FitzAlan, arms, 116, 117;
oak-leaf badge, 305
FitzGerald, Emmeline, 217
FitzHamon, Robert, arms of, 63
FitzHugh, Henry lord, 229
FitzHugh and Marmion, William lord, 215
FitzJohn, John, 114
FitzPain, Robert, 112
FitzWalter arms, 45
FitzWalter, Walter lord, 129
FitzWarin seal, 196
FitzWaryn, Sir William, 141
Flanches, 42
Foljambe arms, 119
Foljambe, Roger, 118
Fordham, John, bp. of Durham, 163
Forster, Sir George, 306
Forz, William of, earl of Albemarle, 120
Fotheringay church (Northants), 239
France and Normandy, Richard, governor of, _see_ Richard
France, arms of, 88, 115, 119, 120, 224, 322, 323, 324;
label of, 100
France, John, marshal of, _see_ Talbot;
John, regent of, _see_ John
France, King of, 80, 85, 154
France, Old, arms of, 89
France, Philip King of, 322
Franks, Sir A. W., 342
Furnival, Thomas, 112
Garter, collar of the, 281, 293, 295;
mantle of the, 280, 281;
Order of the, 253, 260, 261
Garter, Knights of the, banners of, 224, 225, 228;
stall-plates of, 62, 70, 112, 130, 138, 151, 229, 259
Garter, the, 260-267
Gaunt, _see_ John of
Gemell-bars, 45
George duke of Clarence and lord of Richmond, 203, 204, 207, 229
George, saint, arms or cross of, 49, 226, 234, 235, 248, 249, 267,
346, 347
Gilling castle (Yorks), 338, 340
Glamorgan, lordship of, 200
Glass, heraldic, 54
Glastonbury, George inn at, 74, 75
Gloucester, city of, 298;
arms, 335;
effigy at, 293
Gloucester, duke of, _see_ Thomas;
Gilbert earl of, _see_ Clare;
Richard duke of, 59
Gobony, 83
Goldsmiths' Company, arms, 72
Goldwell, James, bp. of Norwich, 162, 191
Gonvile arms, 45
Gotch, Mr. J. A., 346
Gower, John, 298
Grapenell, H. de, 114;
Parnel, 114
Graunson, Katharine, 117;
Margaret, 196
Grevel, William, brass of, 90
Grey, lady Jane, 285
Grey of Codnor, Richard lord, 151, 153, 182, 183
Grey of Ruthin, Sir John, 229, 232
Groos, Oliver, 301
Guienne, duchy of, 155
Guildford (Surrey) mayor's chain and medal, 315
Guldeford, East (Sussex), 338, 339
Guldeford, Sir John, 338, 339
Gunthorpe, dean, 74, 190, 192
Gyronny, 41
Hainault, arms of, 323;
house of, 166
Hales, Sir Stephen, 129
Hallam, Robert, bp. of Salisbury, 263, 265
Halle, Peter, brass of, 93
Halving of arms, 251
Hamlake, _see_ Roos
Hampton Court, 331;
heraldry at, 243-248
Harcourt, Sir Robert, 305
Harewell, bishop, effigy of, 192
Harsick brass at Southacre, 158, 159
Hastings arms, 117
Hastings, John, earl of Pembroke, 275;
John lord, 117;
Sir Hugh, arms, brass, and crest of, 100, 157;
Sir Ralph 174, 328;
William lord, 140, 204
Hatfield, Thomas, bp. of Durham, 163
Hatfield Broadoak (Essex), effigy at, 104, 106
Hearne, T., 242
Helmsley, _see_ Roos
Hengrave Hall (Suffolk), 331
Henry III, King, 36, 99, 170, 291, 292
Henry IV, King, 92, 168, 172, 200, 270, 290, 291, 297, 298, 299, 300
Henry V, King, 302, 309
Henry VI, King, 47, 264, 272, 309, 334
Henry VII, King, 55, 154, 169, 181, 210, 213, 266, 288, 294, 306
Henry VIII, King, 72, 211, 245-248, 291, 308, 331-335
Henry duke of Lancaster and earl of Derby, 91, 128, 167, 200, 297,
298, 299, 300, 309
Henry earl of Lancaster, 117
Heraldic beasts as finials and vane holders, 238-239, 241-248
Heraldic colours, 37, 38;
furs, 39
Heraldry, definition of, 35
Heralds' College, 233, 235, 334, 336, 341
Hereford, arms of, earldom of, 214, 327
Hereford, duke of, 92;
earl of, _see_ Stafford, Humphrey;
Henry duke of, _see_ Henry;
Humphrey earl of, _see_ Bohun;
John earl of, _see_ Bohun
Herne (Kent), brass at, 93
Heslerton, Alice, 118;
Thomas of, 118
Heslerton arms, 118
Hever (Kent), brass at, 267
Hexham, regality of, seal of, 105
Heytesbury, banner of, 216
Holand, Joan, 206;
Thomas, duke of Exeter, 282;
Thomas, earl of Kent, 168, 206, 214, 274;
Thomas de, 129
Holand, lordship of, 213
Holand and Wake, Thomas lord, 211
Holbeach (Lincs), effigy at, 257
Holbein, the painter, 295, 306, 307
Hollar (Wenceslaus), 242
Holyngbroke, William, arms of, 87
Hope rebus, 192
Howard, Thomas, duke of Norfolk, 295, 329
Humphrey duke of Gloucester and earl of Buckingham, 96, 164, 281
Hungerford and Botreaux, Margaret lady of, 217, 222, 239
Hungerford, Robert lord, 60, 303;
Sir Robert, 217;
Walter lord, 144, 216, 221, 222, 229, 230
Hungerford sickle, 182, 216
Hussey arms, 116, 144;
banner of, 216
Huth, Mr. Edward, 307
Ich diene, the motto, 166
Illustrations, Chronological series of, 354-407
Impalement of arms, 252
Indenting, 45
Ireland, 249;
harp of, 226, 347
Isabel, sister of Richard duke of York, 188
Isabel, Queen, 115, 324
Islip, John, abbot of Westminster, rebus of, 189, 191
James I, King, 283
Jane the fool, 248
Jasper duke of Bedford, 164
Jerusalem, Kingdom of, arms of, 51
Joan, countess of Arundel, 279, 280, 304
Joan, dau. of King Edward I, 114
Joan princess of Wales, 174, 326
Joan, Queen, 299, 303;
effigy of, 270, 271
John duke of Bedford and regent of France, 215, 229
John of Eltham, the lord, 99, 323
John of Gaunt duke of Lancaster, 101, 111, 155, 166, 167, 174, 199,
272, 324, 328
John, saint, eagle of, 353
John, Saint, John lord, 275
Katharine, saint, hospital of, 282, 283
Kendal, John earl of, _see_ Beaufort
Kensington, South, 119
Kent, earl of, _see_ Edmund;
Thomas earl of, _see_ Holand
Keys, Roger, and Thomas, arms of, 47, 48
Kidderminster (Worcs), brass at, 88
King's Langley (Herts), 150
King's Lynn waits' collars, 313, 314
Kingston-on-Hull, mayor's and mayoress's chains, 315
Kirby Hall (Northants), 338
Kirkham priory (Yorks), heraldry on gatehouse, 38
Kirkton, Robert, abbot of Peterborough, 178;
rebus of, 188, 191
Knightley family, 343
Knots as badges, 184
Label, the, 99
Laci, Henry de, arms of, 44;
Henry de, earl of Lincoln, 124, 194
Lacy arms, 119
Ladies, arms of, 109
Lancaster, Aveline countess of, 120;
Henry of, lord of Monmouth, 125, 126, 127, 194;
Thomas earl of, _see_ Thomas
Lancaster, duke of, _see_ John of Gaunt
Lancaster, earl of, _see_ Edmund
Lancaster, House of, 296
Langeton, canon William, 185
Langley, _see_ Edmund of
Langley, Thomas, bp. of Durham, 163
Latimer, William lord, 141, 328
Lavenham church (Suffolk), 175
Lavenham, William of, 273
Law, Ernest, 244
Legg, L. G. Wickham, 155
Leicester, Thomas earl of, _see_ Thomas
Lennox, Margaret countess of, tomb of, 341, 343, 344
Leon, arms of, 86, 111;
lion of, 114
Leybourne arms, 117, 120, 125, 322
Leybourne, Juliana, 117;
Roger, 124, 211;
Thomas, 117
Lincoln, Henry earl of, _see_ Laci;
Henry de Laci earl of, 44;
John bp. of, _see_ Alderby
Lincoln minster, heraldry in, 54
Lionel duke of Clarence, 101, 272
Lisle effigy at Thruxton, 308
Little Device, the, 154
Littlebury, Sir Humphrey, effigy of, 257
London, 299;
arms of, 337;
banner of the lord mayor of, 219, 226, 228;
collar of SS of lord mayor, 308, 315;
sheriff's chains, 315;
waits' collars, 313
London, Burlington House, 233;
Mansion House, 219, 226;
National Portrait Gallery, 211;
Nelson Column in, 290;
St. Paul's cathedral church, 108, 228, 323;
Templars' church in, 105;
Trinity House, arms, 349, 350
Longespee, Emmeline, 217;
Stephen, 194, 217
Longespee lions, 200;
longswords, 182, 217
Long Melford (Suffolk), 46
Lord, Our, arms of, 49
Lovain arms, 97
Lovel badge, 184
Lovel, Francis viscount, 147;
John lord, 304;
Katharine, 321
Lovel and Holand, William lord, 200
Lowick church (Northants), 187, 188
Lozenges of arms, use of, 110
Lozengy, 44
Lucy arms, 218;
pike, 182
Lullingstone (Kent), 191, 192
Lupton, Robert, provost of Eton, rebus of, 191
Lyhart, Walter, bp. of Norwich, 191
Lyte, John, arms of, 334
Macclesfield, Thomas, seneschal of, 183
Magnavilla, Geoffrey de, 105
Man, Isle of, 183
Manners effigy at Windsor, 306
Mansion House, _see_ London
Mantlings, 139-147
Mapperton manor-house (Dorset), 238, 243
March, earls of, 168;
Edmund earl of, _see_ Mortimer;
Richard earl of, _see_ Richard;
Roger earl of, _see_ Mortimer
March, white lion of, 206, 208, 209, 304, 326
Margaret, saint, 313
Markenfield, Sir Thomas, 309, 310
Marmion, William lord, _see_ FitzHugh
Marni, Sir Robert de, 129, 130, 198
Martel family, 189
Marten church (Wilts), tile from, 334
Mary I, Queen, 313, 336
Mary, Queen, banner of, 228
Masons' Company, 134
Maud of Lancaster, 117, 119
Mauley arms, 128
Mauley, Peter de, IV, seal of, 82;
Peter de, VI, 128, 198
Mayors' collars or chains, 313
Michael, St., and St. George, Order of, 108, 228
Mildenhall (Suffolk), brass formerly at, 301
Monmouth, Henry lord of, _see_ Lancaster
Montagu griffin, 205
Montagu, John lord, _see_ Nevill;
Simon lord of, 69, 86;
Sybil, 117;
William, earl of Salisbury, 117, 125, 127, 152, 195
More, Sir Thomas, 306, 307, 312
Mortimer arms, 174, 302, 326
Mortimer, Edmund, earl of March and Ulster, 174, 197, 201, 274, 302, 325;
Philippa, 274;
Roger, earl of March and Ulster, 199
Morton, John, abp. of Canterbury, 164;
Thomas, canon of York, 328
Moulton, Thomas de, 124
Moun, John de, 195
Mounci, Walter de, 128
Mugginton (Derbys), brass at, 304
Multon, Elizabeth de, 117
Nanfant, Sir Richard, 233
Nelson Column in London, 290
Nevill, Alexander, abp. of York, 162;
Cecily, 208, 212;
John lord, 277;
John, lord Montagu, 203;
John, lord of Raby, 199;
Margery, wife of John lord, 277;
Ralph, earl of Westmorland, 278;
Richard, earl of Salisbury and Warwick, 93, 137, 138, 160, 200, 205,
229, 231;
Robert, bp. of Durham, 163, 164;
Sir William, 199
Nevill, effigies at Brancepeth, 304;
family, 103
Newburgh, arms of, 97
Newcastle sheriff's chain, 315
New Hall (Essex), 210, 291, 332, 333
Nicolas, Sir N. H., 273
Norfolk, Thomas duke of, _see_ Howard
Normandy, duchy of, 154, 155
Northampton, earl of, _see_ Stafford, Humphrey
Northumberland, duke of, 311, 312;
earl of, 311;
Henry earl of, _see_ Percy
Northwood arms, 120, 322
Norwich arms, 72;
mayor's chain, 315;
sheriff's chain, 315;
waits' collars, 313, 314
Norwich cathedral church, 192, 263, 306
Norwich Guildhall, doorway in, 71, 72
Norwich, Henry bishop of, _see_ Despenser;
James bp. of, _see_ Goldwell;
Walter bp. of, _see_ Lyhart;
William bp. of, 264
Ockwells (Berks), heraldic glass at, 211
Oldhalle, Sir William, 182
Ordinaries, the, formation of, 40, 41
Orle, the, 42
Ormond, Thomas earl of, _see_ Bullen
Ostrevant, Comté of, 166
Ostrich-feathers badge, 166
Oxenbridge, John, rebus of, 192
Oxford, rebus on name, 189
Oxford, All Souls' college, 61;
Magdalen college, 112;
Queen's college, seal of, 80
Oxford, John earl of, _see_ Vere;
Richard earl of, and marquess of Dublin, 272;
Robert earl of, _see_ Vere
Pakington, William, archdn. of Canterbury, 326
Pale, the, 40
Paly, 43;
number of pales, 49
Park-palings, collar of, 309, 310
Party, 40;
Party-bendwise, 40;
Party-fessewise, 40;
Party-saltirewise, 41
Passion, instruments of the, 49
Patrick, saint, 249;
cross or saltire of, 225
Paul, saint, sword of, 226
Pavely, Sir Walter, 141
Paynel, William, 113
Peche, Sir John, 125;
rebus of, 191, 192
Pecksall, Sir Ralph, 341, 343, 345
Pelham, Sir John, badge of, 200
Pembridge, effigy of a, 76
Pembroke, earl of, 323;
_see also_ Valence
Pembroke, John earl of, _see_ Hastings
Pennons, 235-237
Perche, earl of, _see_ Stafford, Humphrey
Percy arms, 50;
badge, 312;
crescent badge, 184, 218, 236;
lion, etc., 218
Percy, Henry, 77, 239;
Henry, earl of Northumberland and lord of Cockermouth, 218, 238, 239;
the lady Eleanor, 106, 107, 108
Peter, bishop of Exeter, 321
Peter, saint, arms of, 323, 328, 329
Peterborough (Northants), deanery gateway at, 178, 181, 188, 191
Phelip eagle, 48, 182
Phelip, William, lord Bardolf, 60, 182, 297
Philip, King of France, 322
Philippa, Queen, 166, 167, 323
Pile, the, 42;
Pily, 43
Pol, Seynt, Mary de, 115, 116, 251
Pole, de la, arms, 335;
badges, 182
Pole, de la, John, duke of Suffolk, 283;
Michael, earl of Suffolk, 175, 176, 275;
William, earl of Suffolk, 141, 202
Ponthieu, arms of, 71
Poynyngs, arms of, 120, 322
Quarter, the, 41, 42
Quartering, 86
Quarterly, 41
Raby, John lord of, _see_ Nevill
Ramryge, abbot Thomas, 73
Rebus, the, 189-192
Redvers arms, 120
Regent's Park, 282, 283
Richard I, King, 124
Richard II, King, 89, 168, 172, 173, 174, 272, 309, 326
Richard III, King, 168, 304, 335
Richard duke of Gloucester, seal of, 59
Richard duke of York and earl of March, 167, 188, 206, 208, 212, 218, 239
Richard earl of Cornwall, arms of, 66
Richmond, George, lord of, _see_ George;
Margaret countess of, _see_ Beaufort
Richmond, label of, 101
Ripon (Yorks), 309, 310
Rivers, Richard lord, _see_ Wydvile
Robsart, Lewis, lord Bourchier, 157, 181, 222, 223, 224, 239
Rochester (Kent), 219
Roll, the Great, 47, 48, 50, 62, 86
Rolls of arms, 62
Romans, Richard, King of the, 194
Romney, New (Kent), brass at, 87
Roos, Thomas lord, of Hamlake, 200
Rothwell (Northants), 338
Roundels of arms, use of, 111
Royal Society, 233
Salisbury cathedral church, 60, 87, 303, 306
Salisbury, earl of, _see_ Nevill, Richard;
William earl of, _see_ Montagu
Salisbury, Robert, bp. of, _see_ Hallam
Salkeld (Cumb), effigies at, 306
Salkeld family, effigies, 306, 312
Saltire, the, 40, 41
Savernake Forest, lord of, _see_ Sturmy;
tenure horn of, 116
Scales family, 189
Scales, Sir Roger, 198
Scarcliffe (Derbys), effigy at, 275, 276
Scotland, 85, 248;
arms of, 34, 85, 350;
lion of, 226, 346;
tressure of, 85;
unicorn supporter of, 206
Scotland, King of, 321, 323
Scrope crab or _scrap_, 182
Scrope, John lord, 158, 175;
Dan Richard, 329
Scutcheon, the, 42
Seals, heraldic, 52
Selden's _Titles of Honour_, 273
Settrington (Yorks), 299
Sheffield, St. Peter's church, effigies in, 280, 281
Shene Charterhouse, prior of, 302
Shield, divisions of the, 40, 41;
the, and its treatment, 65
Shorne, Maister John, 242
Shrewsbury, George earl of, 280;
John earl of, _see_ Talbot
Simon the engraver, 347
Skirlaw, Walter, bp. of Durham, 163
Sloley church (Norf), tomb in, 301
Somers, Will, 248
Somerset (county of), 59
Somerset eagle, 206, 209
Somerset, Edmund duke of, _see_ Beaufort;
John duke of, _see_ Beaufort
Souche, Alan la, 194, 196
Southacre (Norf), brass at, 159
Southampton, arms of, 48, 86;
steward of, 302
Southwark cathedral church, 164, 298
_Souvereyne_, _Soverayne_, or _Soverain_, the word, 167, 200, 298, 300
Sovereign, the, 85, 155
Spain, arms of, 323
Spilsby (Lincs), brass at, 255
SS, collar of, 296-304
Stafford arms, 96
Stafford, earl of, _see_ Stafford, Humphrey
Stafford, Edward, bp. of Exeter, 185;
Edward, earl of Wiltshire, 187, 188;
Hugh, earl of, 275;
Hugh, lord Bourchier, 144, 151, 152;
Humphrey, duke of Buckingham, 93, 94, 95, 96, 135;
Joan, countess of Kent and lady of Wake, 188;
Katharine, 175, 176, 275;
Sir Henry, 234, 338
Stafford knot, 184, 185, 188, 338
Staindrop (Durham), 276, 278, 282
Standard, the Royal, 220, 227
Standards, 234-235
Stanford Dingley (Berks), brass at, 83
Stanley, Thomas lord, 158, 183, 229
Stanton Harcourt (Oxon), 241, 305
Stapleton, Sir Miles, 144
Stapleton talbot, 339
State's arms, 347, 348, 350
Stoke d'Abernoun (Surrey), 235
Stoke Poges (Bucks), brass at, 70
Stothard's _Monumental Effigies_, 269, 276
Stowe, William, the elder, 310
Sturmy, Henry, 116
Suffolk, Alice duchess of, 283, 284;
duchess of, _see_ Brandon;
Elizabeth duchess of, 283;
John duke of, _see_ Pole;
Michael earl of, _see_ Pole;
William duke of, 283;
William earl of, _see_ Pole
Suns-and-roses, collar of, 304, 305
Supporters, origin and uses of, 193-218
Surrey, John earl of, _see_ Warenne
Swynburne family, 189
Syon cope, 119, 120, 121
Talbot, John, earl of Shrewsbury, 96, 97, 161, 214, 229, 281
Talbot and Furnival, John lord, 203, 205
Tallow-Chandlers' Company, 134
Tankerville, John earl of, 158
Tattershall castle (Lincs), heraldic chimney-piece in, 57
Tew, Great (Oxon), brass at, 79
Tewkesbury abbey church, 58, 63, 73, 74
Thistle, collar of the, 293
Tildesley, Christopher, 299, 300
Tillzolf arms, 326
Tiptoft, John lord, 229
Thomas duke of Clarence, 302
Thomas duke of Exeter, 200
Thomas (Beaufort) duke of Exeter, 230
Thomas earl of Lancaster, Leicester and Ferrers, 125, 126, 194
Thomas of Brotherton, 100
Thomas of Woodstock duke of Gloucester, 99, 155, 166, 167, 172, 182,
213, 323, 326, 327
Thomas, saint, of Canterbury, 335
Thruxton (Hants), effigy at, 308
Tong (Salop), 306
Toni, Robert de, 171
Torregiano, 266
Trau, the Soudan de la, 144
Tresham, Sir Thomas, 338
Tresham trefoils, 338
Tressure, the, 85
Trevor family arms, 351
Trinity, the Holy, 261, 306
Trinity House, London, arms, 349, 350
Trotton (Sussex), 261, 263, 296
Trumpington family, 189
Tunstall, Cuthbert, bp. of Durham, 163
Twyford, Richard, 323
Tylney, Elizabeth, arms of, 97
Ufford arms, 335
Ufford, Sir Ralph, 117, 119
Ulster arms, 174, 326;
badge of, 218;
label of, 101
Ulster, Richard earl of, 114;
Roger earl of, _see_ Mortimer;
William earl of, _see_ Burgh
Union Jack, 219, 225, 248, 250
Union of crowns of England and Scotland, 206
Vair, 39, 258;
Vairy, 39
Valence arms, 119, 120
Valence, Aymer of, earl of Pembroke, 115, 116, 251, 273;
William of, 61, 67, 120
Veer, Hugh de, 181
Verdon, Theobald lord, 114
Vere arms, 88, 104, 117;
boar, 182;
molet, 48, 182
Vere effigy at Hatfield Broadoak, 106
Vere, John de, earl of Oxford, 117, 118, 175;
Robert de, earl of Oxford, 124
Vernon effigy at Tong, 306
Victoria, Queen, memorial to, 33
Victoria and Albert Museum, 53, 119, 121, 349, 351
Victory, figure of, 34
Vipont, Isabel, 171
Voided scutcheon, the, 42
Waits' collars, 313
Wake knot, 184;
lordship of, 213
Waldby, Robert, abp. of York, 105
Walden, de, Library, 235
Walworth, Sir William, 226
Walysel, Thomas, brass of, 90
Warde, Robert de la, 128
Warenne, John de, earl of Surrey, 113
Warenne and Surrey, earl of, arms, 49
Warenne estates, 115
Warre, John la, 198
Warwick, 61, 274, 276
Warwick bear, 205
Warwick, earl of, _see_ Beauchamp;
Henry earl of, _see_ Beauchamp;
Richard earl of, _see_ Beauchamp;
Thomas earl of, _see_ Beauchamp
Waterford, John earl of, _see_ Talbot
Waterton, Robert, 298
Wavy, 43
Wax-Chandlers' Company, 134
Welles, Helen, of York, 328
Wells chapter-house, 302
Wells (Somerset), 74, 190, 191, 192;
oriel in deanery, 190, 192
Wentworth arms and family, 342
Westminster, 270, 294
Westminster abbey, arms of, 86;
abbey chapter-house, tiles in, 36;
vestry of, 322
Westminster abbey church, heraldry in, 37, 43, 44, 54, 55, 61, 66, 67,
71, 80, 85, 86, 91, 92, 97, 99, 110, 120, 169, 170, 172, 173, 180,
181, 184, 186, 189, 222, 223, 259, 266, 332, 341, 344, 345
Westminster, palace of, 221, 285
Westmorland, Joan, countess of, _see_ Beaufort;
Ralph earl of, _see_ Nevill
Whatton (Notts), effigy at, 73
Whatton, Sir Richard, 73
Whitchurch (Oxon), brass at, 90
Whitchurch (Salop), 281
White hart badge, 168
Wilfrid, saint, 311
Willoughby d'Eresby, William lord, 143
Wilton House (Wilts) diptych at, 309
Wiltshire, Edward earl of, _see_ Stafford;
Thomas earl of, _see_ Bullen
Winchester, Henry bp. of, _see_ Beaufort;
John marquess of, 285
Windsor castle, chapel of St. George in, 62, 112, 113, 151, 192, 224,
241, 242, 243, 306, 331;
King's hall in, 238, 239;
picture in, 295
Windsor, Sir William, 201
Wingfield church (Suffolk), 175, 176, 283
Woodstock, Thomas of, _see_ Thomas
Wotton-under-Edge (Glos), brass at, 309, 310
Wreath or torse, 156-158
Wren, Sir Christopher, 242
Wulcy, Thomas, cardinal, 334, 335
Wydvile, Richard, lord Rivers, 144, 147, 158, 229
Wymington (Beds), brass at, 82
Wyvil, Robert, bp. of Salisbury,
arms of, 87
Yale or eale, the, 206, 209
Yarmouth (Norf), mayor's chain, 315
York, 328, 329;
chains of lord mayor and lady mayoress, 315;
waits' collars, 313
York, Alexander abp. of, _see_ Nevill;
Henry abp. of, _see_ Bowet;
Robert abp. of, _see_ Waldby
York, duke of, _see_ Edmund of Langley;
Richard duke of, _see_ Richard
York falcon, 206, 208, 218;
fetterlock, 188;
house of, 168, 169;
roses, 200
York minster, heraldry in, 43, 54, 259
Yorkist collar of suns and roses, 304-305, 312
Zouch badge, 184
Zouch, William lord, 203
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Transcriber's Note
Changes to the text are limited to corrections of typographical errors
and are listed as follows:
Page 26 (index of text illustrations) #105: changed "S'afford" to
"Stafford" (Edward Stafford bishop of Exeter)
Page 309: changed "Wootton-under-Edge" to "Wotton-under-Edge". This same
mis-spelling is also corrected in the caption to Figure 185 and in the
list of illustrations on page 31. Note that it was spelled correctly in
the Index.
Page 426: changed "A" to "AT" (PRINTED AT THE BALLANTYNE PRESS)
Plate XXIX caption: changed "ob," to "ob." (Justice in Eyre of Forests,
ob. 1460.)