[11] +später.+
[12] +verschonen.+
[13] in slavery = as _a_ slave; ‘to detain’, here +gefangen halten+.
[14] Say ‘One day, however, came an Indian to the prisoner with the
intimation (+Weisung+, f.) to follow him’. This construction is necessary
to avoid the repetition of the pronoun ‘+ihm+’.
[15] nor — object = or else his intention.
[16] +für.+
[17] +zu einer schönen Fläche urbar gemachter Felder.+
[18] exile = settler.
[19] to take pity on a person, +sich eines Menschen erbarmen+; supply the
adverb +einmal+ (one day) before the verb.
[20] that = since, +da+; to repay a person, +einem seine Schuld
ab´tragen+.
_Section 152._
NEW YEAR’S EVE[1].
I.
It was dreadfully cold; it snowed, and was beginning to grow dark; it was
the last evening of the year,—New-year’s Eve. In this cold, a poor little
girl was wandering about the streets with[2] bare head and bare feet.
She had slippers on when she left home (+Haus+, with the def. art.),
but what was the good of them? They (+Es+) were the large, old slippers
of her mother’s—so large that they fell off the little girl’s feet as
she hurried across the street to[3] escape a carriage, which came[4]
galloping along at a great rate. The one slipper was not to be found, and
a boy ran off with the other.
So the little girl wandered about barefooted, with a quantity[5] of
matches in an old apron, whilst she held a box[6] of them in her (S. 43,
N. 9, _A_) hand. No one had bought _any_ matches of her through[7] the
whole livelong day—no one had given her a single farthing[8]. Hungry, and
pinched[9] with cold, the poor little girl crept[10] along, the large
flakes of snow covering (S. 55, N. 1; use +während+) her yellow hair,
which[11] curled round her face.
In[12] a corner between two houses, one projecting beyond the other, she
sought shelter. Huddling[13] herself up, she drew her poor little feet,
which were red and blue with cold, under her (+sich+) as well _as_ she
could, but she[14] was colder than ever, and[15] dared not go home (S.
63, N. 8), for, as she had sold no matches, her cruel[16] father would
beat her. Besides[17], it was cold at home (S. 63, N. 8), for they lived
just[18] under the roof, and[19] the wind blew in, though straw and
rags had been stuffed in the large cracks. Her little hands were quite
benumbed with cold. Oh[20], how much good one match would do, if she
dared but (+nur+) take it out of the box and draw[21] it across the wall
to warm her fingers in the flames!
[1] +Der Sylvesterabend.+
[2] with — feet, +barfuß und unbedeckten Hauptes+, which place before
‘about (+durch+) the streets’.
[3] to escape a carriage, +einem Wagen aus dem Weg laufen+. For the
translation of the conjunction ‘to’ in this clause compare S. 19, N. 7.
[4] to come galloping along at a great rate, +in vollem Galopp die Straße
entlang kommen+.
[5] a quantity = some.
[6] +Schachtel+, f.; of them = of the same.
[7] through — day, +den ganzen Tag lang+, which is best placed at the
commencement of the period.
[8] +Heller+, m.
[9] to be pinched with cold, +vor Kälte erstarrt sein+.
[10] to creep along, +sich weiter schleppen+.
[11] Say ‘which in curls surrounded (+umwallen+, insep. comp. w. v.) her
face’.
[12] In — other, +In einem durch ein hervorspringendes Haus gebildeten
Winkel+.
[13] Say ‘She huddled herself up (+nie´derkauern+, sep. comp. w. v.) and
drew her’, etc.
[14] I am cold, +es friert mich+.
[15] Say ‘and yet she (App. § 24, _B_) dared (+wagen+, w. v.) not to go
home’.
[16] ‘cruel’, here = severe.
[17] Say ‘And also (App. § 14) at home it was cold’.
[18] ‘just’, here = immediately.
[19] Say ‘through which the wind blew, although the large cracks
(+Spalte+, f.) were stuffed (+verstopfen+, insep. comp. w. v.) with straw
and rags’.
[20] Say, ‘Oh (+Ach+), how nice (+schön+) must (Imperf. Subj.) a match
be’.
[21] +Ein Zündhölzchen an der Mauer an´reiben+, to draw a match across
the wall.
_Section 153._
NEW-YEAR’S EVE.
II.
She drew one out—“Ritsh!” how it sputtered[1] and burned! It burned with
a warm, bright flame, like a candle, and she bent her hand round it
(S. 4, N. 5, _B_), it was a wonderful light! It appeared to the little
girl as if she were sitting[2] before a large iron stove, in which the
fire burned brightly, and[3] gave out such comfort and such warmth. She
stretched out her feet to warm them, too—but the flame went[4] out, the
stove disappeared, and there she sat, still holding[5] a little bit of
the burnt-out[4] match in her (S. 43, N. 9, _A_) hand.
Another was[6] lighted; it burned, and, where[7] the light fell upon the
wall, that[8] became transparent, so that she could see into the room.
There the table was covered with a cloth of dazzling white, and with fine
china; and a roast goose was smoking most[9] temptingly upon it. But what
was still more delightful, the goose sprang down from the table, and[10],
with a knife and (S. 10, N. 9) fork _sticking_ in its[11] back, waddled
towards the little girl. Then[12] the match went out[4], and she saw
nothing but the thick, cold wall.
She lighted a third one (S. 67, N. 3); and now she was sitting under
the most splendid Christmas-tree. It was larger and more beautifully
decorated[13] than the one (S. 16, N. 10) she had seen at Christmas[14]
through the window at[15] the rich merchant’s. Hundreds of[16] tapers
were burning amongst the green branches, and painted[17] pictures,
such[18] as she had seen in the shop-windows, looked down upon her. She
stretched out[19] both _her_ hands, when the match was burnt[4] out,—
[1] +sprühen+, w. v.
[2] Use the Impf. Subj. according to App. § 33; as if, +als+.
[3] +und ich weiß nicht wie viel Behaglichkeit und Wärme ausstrahlte.+
[4] ‘to go out’, and ‘to burn out’, here +erlöschen+, insep. comp. str. v.
[5] The Present Participle may be used here in German, but where must it
be placed?
[6] In which Voice is the verb here? Introduce the clause by the
grammatical subject ‘+es+’, as explained in S. 104, N. 19.
[7] where = at (+an+) the place (+Stelle+, f.) where.
[8] +diese.+
[9] Use the superlative of +hoch+.
[10] Here follows the verb ‘waddled’.
[11] in its = in the, contracted; towards, +auf ... zu+, which latter
preposition place at the end of the whole period.
[12] Then = Thereupon.
[13] +auf´putzen+, sep. comp. w. v.
[14] at (+an+, contracted with the dat. of the def. art.) Christmas-day.
[15] =The preposition ‘at,’ in the signification of ‘at the house of’ is
generally rendered by the preposition ‘+bei+’, which governs the dative=;
as—
At Easter we shall all dine _at my mother’s_.
+Am Ostertage werden wir alle ~bei meiner Mutter~ zu Mittag
essen.+
[16] +von.+
[17] painted = coloured, +bunt+.
[18] such as, +wie+.
[19] Supply the pronominal adverb ‘+danach+’ before the particle +aus+,
which stands at the end.
_Section 154._
NEW-YEAR’S EVE.
III.
The countless lights rose higher and higher, and she now saw that they
(+es+) were _the_ stars, one of which fell[1], leaving a long line of
light in the sky.
Some[2] one has (S. 29, N. 3) died just now, the girl said; for her old
grandmother, who alone[3] had loved her, but who was now dead, had told
her that[4] when a star fell, a soul took (App. §§ 28 and 30) its flight
up to heaven.
She drew another match across the wall, and in the light it threw[5]
around stood her old grandmother, so bright[6], so mild, and so loving.
“Grandmother,” the little girl cried, “oh, take me with _you_! I know
that you will disappear as soon as the match is burnt out, just like
the warm stove, the delicious roast goose, and the Christmas-tree!” And
hastily she lighted the[7] rest of the matches that remained in the box,
for she wished to keep[8] her grandmother with her as long as possible;
and the matches burnt so brightly, that it was lighter than day. Never
before[9] had she seen her grandmother so beautiful and so tall, and
behold, she[10] now took the little girl in her arms, and[11], in
radiance and joy, flew high, high up with her into the heaven, where she
felt neither (+kein+) cold, nor (+kein+) hunger, nor (+und kein+) fear
any more[12],—for she was with God.
But, in the corner between the two houses, in the cold morning air, lay
the little girl with pale cheeks and smiling lips. She was frozen[13]
to death during the last night of the Old Year. The first light of the
New Year shone upon the dead body of the little girl with the matches,
one[14] box of which was nearly consumed. “She must have tried to warm
herself,” the people said; but no one knew of (+von+) the visions[15]
she had had, or of the splendour that (S. 48, N. 6) surrounded her when
she entered with her grandmother into the joys of a New Year.—After HANS
ANDERSEN, “FAIRY TALES.”
[1] Say ‘fell down and +left (zurück´lassen+) a long line of light
(+Lichtstreifen+, m.) in (+an+) the sky’.
[2] This sentence is best introduced by the grammatical subject ‘+es+’,
see S. 104, N. 19.
[3] Say ‘alone of all’.
[4] that — fell; +daß beim Herunterfallen eines Sternes+; flight, +Flug+,
m.; up to, +zu+, contracted with the dat. of the def. art.
[5] to throw around, +um sich her verbreiten+.
[6] bright = friendly; mild, +sanft+; loving, +liebreich+.
[7] the — box, +die in der Schachtel sich noch befindlichen Zündhölzer+
(Comp. S. 48, N. 6).
[8] to keep with oneself, +bei sich behalten+, insep. comp. str. v. tr.
[9] +zuvor.+
[10] It will be best to begin this clause with the adv. ‘now’, and to
turn the personal pronoun ‘she’ into the demonstrative pronoun ‘the
same’, to agree with ‘grandmother’. This will commend itself in order to
avoid ambiguity.
[11] Here follows the verb ‘flew’; in radiance and joy,
+freudestrahlend+, adv.; high — heavens, +mit ihr zum Himmel empor+.
[12] any more, +mehr+, before the verb; ‘with’, here +bei+.
[13] +erfrieren+, insep. comp. str. v., to freeze to death.
[14] Liter. ‘of which nearly a whole box was burnt up’.
[15] +Traumbild+, n.
_Section 155._
PROVIDENCE[1] VINDICATING THE INNOCENT.
It is (S. 2, N. 1) recorded in history that a beautiful maiden named
Blanche, the serf of[2] an ancient nobleman, was wooed[3] by her master’s
son. Not[4] admiring his character, she scorned[5] his suit. Upon this
his _course of_ love turned[6] to bitter hatred. Just[7] then a precious
string of pearls confided (S. 7, N. 3, _B_) to the maiden’s care was[8]
lost. Her pseudo-lover[9] charged her with the theft, and, in[10]
accordance with the customs of that rude age, she was doomed to die. On
the day of the execution, as the innocent girl knelt to offer[11] her
dying prayer, a[12] flash of lightning struck a statue of Justice, which
adorned the market-place, to the dust. From[13] a destroyed bird’s nest,
built (S. 7, N. 3, _A_, and S. 48, N. 6) in a crevice of the image[14],
dropped the lost[15] pearls, thus[16] declaring the maiden’s innocence.
In a moment the exultant crowd rushed to the scaffold, demanding her
release. There she knelt beside the block, pale and beautiful, and
with a smile of peace upon her lips. They (S. 134, N. 4) spoke[17]—she
answered not. They touched her—she was dead! To preserve her memory they
raised a statue there[18]; and to[19] this day, when[20] men gaze upon
her image, they condemn her oppressor; they praise her for the purity
of her character; they recognise the justice of Him whose[21] lightning
testified her innocence.—W. SMITH.
[1] Say, ‘Providence (S. 3, N. 2) protects innocence.’
[2] of — nobleman = of a nobleman of _an_ old family (+Geschlecht+, n.).
[3] +umwer´ben+, insep. comp. str. v.
[4] = As his character displeased (+mißfallen+, insep. comp. str. v.,
governing the dat.) her.
[5] +verschmähen+, insep. comp. w. v. tr.
[6] +sich verwan´deln in.+
[7] Just then = Just at this time.
[8] was lost = one missed; care, +Obhut+, f.
[9] = false lover.
[10] in — customs = according to the law.
[11] = to speak.
[12] a — Justice ... to the dust = +fuhr ein Blitzstrahl in die Statue
der Gerechtigkeit ... und zerschmetterte sie.+
[13] +Aus.+
[14] +Bildsäule+, f.
[15] = missed.
[16] Say ‘and testified (+bezeugen+, w. v. tr.) thus the maiden’s
innocence’.
[17] Supply ‘to her’.
[18] +daselbst+.
[19] +bis auf den heutigen Tag.+
[20] Construe thus: ‘those who look at her image (+Bildnis+, n.) condemn
her oppressor’, and consider App. § 14.
[21] In order to avoid a repetition of the same form of pronoun, turn the
last clause into: ‘who with his lightning testified her innocence’.
_Section 156._
NAPOLEON BONAPARTE[1].
I.
Napoleon understood his business[2]. He was a man who in each moment
and[3] emergency knew what[4] to do next. This[5] is an immense comfort
and refreshment to the spirits, not only of (S. 3, N. 2) kings, but[6] of
citizens. Few[7] men have any next; they live from hand to mouth, without
plan, are[8] ever at the end of their line, and, (S. 102, N. 30) after
each action, wait for[9] an impulse from abroad. Napoleon would have
been the first man of the world, if[10] his ends had been purely public.
As[11] he is, he inspires confidence and vigour by the extraordinary
unity of his action.
He is firm[12], sure, and self-denying; he sacrifices everything to
his aim[13]—money, troops, generals, his own safety even, and is not
misled[14], like common adventurers, by[15] the splendour of his own
means. “Incidents ought not to govern policy,” he said, “but[16] policy
incidents.” “To[17] be hurried away by every event, is[18] to have no
political system at all.” His victories were only so many doors[19],
and[20] he never for a moment lost sight of his way onward in the dazzle
and uproar of the present circumstances. He knew what to do, and he flew
to his mark.
He[21] would shorten a straight line to come at his object. Horrible
anecdotes may no doubt be collected (S. 4, N. 4) from his history, of[22]
the price at which he bought his successes; but he must not, therefore,
be set[23] down as cruel, but only as one[24] who knew no impediment to
his will: not[25] bloodthirsty, not cruel; but woe to[26] what person
stood in his way! “Sire, General Clarke cannot combine with General Junot
for the dreadful fire of the Austrian battery.” “Let[27] him carry the
battery.” “Sire, every regiment that approaches the heavy artillery is
sacrificed[28]. Sire[29], what orders?” “Forward! Forward!”
[1] +=Napoleon I.=, ~Kaiser der Franzosen~, geboren den 15. Aug.
1769 zu Ajaccio auf Korsika war der zweite Sohn des Patriziers
Carlo Bonaparte und der Maria Lätitia Ramolini. Nachdem er seit 1779
die Kriegsschulen zu Brienne und Paris besucht hatte, trat er am 1.
Sept. 1785 als Lieutenant der Artillerie in die Armee ein. Im Jahre
1793 wurde er als Artilleriehauptmann seitens der Republik gegen die
Aufständischen in Korsika verwandt, welche ihn ächteten, da er als
Landsmann gegen sie kämpfte. Seit dem 12. Sept. 1793 Oberbefehlshaber
des Belagerungsgeschützes von Toulon, welches sich in den Händen der
Engländer befand, zwang er den Platz am 19. Dez. zur Kapitulation, worauf
er zum Brigadegeneral der Artillerie befördert ward und in der Armee
von Italien im Kriege gegen Östreich diente. Nachdem er sich vielfach
ausgezeichnet hatte, wurde er im Februar 1796 zum Oberbefehlshaber der
Armee von Italien ernannt, reorganisierte dieselbe, eroberte in kurzem
die Lombardei, schlug die Östreicher in mehreren großen Schlachten,
zwang Mantua zur Kapitulation, drang in Istrien, Kärnthen und Steiermark
ein und schloß am 18. April 1797 zu ~Campo Formio~ den für Frankreich
höchst günstigen Frieden mit Östreich ab. Seit dem 9. März 1796 mit
der verwitweten Generalin Josephine Beauharnais vermählt, ward er am
7. Febr. 1800 neben Cambacérès und Lebrun, welche ihm beratend zur
Seite standen, auf zehn Jahre zum ersten Konsul ernannt. Nach mehreren
siegreichen Kriegen mit Östreich, Preußen, Rußland, England u. a., ward
er im Mai 1802 durch Senatsbeschluß auf weitere zehn Jahre und am 2.
Aug. desselben Jahres auf Lebenszeit zum Konsul ernannt. Am 8. Mai 1804
wurde er jedoch schon als Napoleon I. zum erblichen Kaiser der Franzosen
erklärt. Nun folgte eine fast ununterbrochene Reihe von Kriegen mit fast
allen europäischen Mächten, und als er im Jahre 1809 den Höhepunkt seiner
Macht erreicht hatte, ließ er sich, seiner kinderlosen Ehe wegen, von
seiner ebenso klugen wie liebenswürdigen Gemahlin scheiden und vermählte
sich am 2. April 1810 mit Marie Luise, der Tochter Franz I. von Östreich.
Als er jedoch 1812 Rußland den Krieg erklärte, mit der großen Armee in
Rußland einzog, alles hinter sich her verbrannte und zerstörte, dann
aber durch die weltbekannte, stets denkwürdige Einäscherung der großen
Hauptstadt Moskau seitens der heldenmütigen, verzweifelnden Einwohner
gezwungen wurde, den Rückzug anzutreten, auf dem fast die ganze große
Armee von der fürchterlichen Kälte und die durch die Verödung des Landes
verursachte Hungersnot vernichtet wurde—schien das Glück ihn verlassen
zu haben. Von dieser Zeit an folgte ~eine~ Niederlage nach der andern,
von denen die große Völkerschlacht bei Leipzig (18. Okt. 1813), in
welcher der unglückliche Kaiser den vereinigten Heeren der Preußen,
Östreicher und Russen gegenüber stand, die entscheidende war. Napoleon
wurde in derselben gänzlich geschlagen und die fliehende Armee von den
Verbündeten unter Blüchers Führung verfolgt. Nach der Einnahme von
Paris seitens der Alliirten am 31. März 1814 erfolgte dann die durch
den Senat erzwungene Abdankung des Kaisers und dessen Verbannung nach
der Insel Elba, von wo er jedoch schon anfangs März des Jahres 1815
zurückkehrte. Sein bloßes Erscheinen war genügend, das französische Volk
aufs neue für ihn zu begeistern. Überall wurde er mit Jubel begrüßt, sein
Vordringen war unwiderstehlich, die Armee ging freudig zu ihm über, und
schon am 14. März war der König Ludwig+ XVIII. +gezwungen, den jüngst
bestiegenen Thron zu verlassen und sich durch die Flucht ins Ausland zu
retten.—Napoleons zweite Regierung war indessen nur von kurzer Dauer
(100 Tage). Der langersehnte Friede konnte nur durch seinen Untergang
herbeigeführt werden, weshalb die Großmächte Östreich, Rußland, Preußen
und England am 25. März einen Allianzvertrag abschlossen, durch den sie
sich verbanden, Napoleon gemeinschaftlich zu bekämpfen und der Herrschaft
desselben auf immer ein Ende zu machen. Dies gelang ihnen auch bald,
denn am 18. Juni 1815 wurden die noch übrigen, schnell von Napoleon
zusammengerafften Streitkräfte Frankreichs in der großen Schlacht bei
Waterloo unter Wellingtons und Blüchers Führung gänzlich vernichtet.
Napoleon wollte am 21. Juni zu Blois zu gunsten seines noch unmündigen
Sohnes abdanken, seine Abdankung wurde aber nicht angenommen, und als
er sich am 3. Juli in Rochefort nach Amerika einschiffen wollte, fand
er den dortigen Hafen durch englische Kriegsschiffe gesperrt, worauf er
sich unter den Schutz Englands stellte und sich auf das Linienschiff
~Bellerophon~ begab. Auf Beschluß der verbündeten Mächte wurde er nun als
‘~General Bonaparte~’ nach der entlegenen Insel St. Helena transportiert,
wo er am 16. Okt. 1815 anlangte und, in Longwood wohnend, am 5. Mai 1821
in den Armen einiger ihm noch treu verbliebenen Freunde eines natürlichen
Todes starb.+
[2] = task.
[3] and emergency, +und in jedem Notfalle+.
[4] what — next = what he must (Impf.) do next (+zunächst+).
[5] This — spirits = This strengthens and refreshes the courage.
[6] Read S. 6, N. 10, and insert the adv. ‘+auch+’ here.
[7] Say ‘Only few men know what they must do next’.
[8] to be at the end of one’s line (_or_ to be at one’s wit’s end), +sich
nie zu raten wissen+.
[9] +auf eine göttliche Eingebung.+
[10] Say ‘had his ends (= aims) been solely directed to (+auf+) the
public welfare’. Carefully study App. §§ 36 and 37.
[11] This passage requires an altogether different setting; let us say:
‘But notwithstanding (+Trotzdem aber+) he inspires (+erfüllen+) us
through the extraordinary unity (+Einheit+, f.) of (+in+) his actions
with confidence in (+auf+) his strength’.
[12] firm = unshakable; sure, +unfehlbar+ = never failing.
[13] = purpose.
[14] +ir´releiten+, sep. comp. w. v.
[15] by — means, +durch die Größe seiner ihm zu Gebote stehenden
Hülfsmittel+.
[16] ‘but’, here +wohl aber+.
[17] to be hurried away, +sich ... hin und her treiben lassen+.
[18] is = signifies (+heißen+); ‘to have’, here = to follow, +befolgen+.
[19] doors = gates (+Pforten+), through which he tried (+suchen+) to
attain his aims (App. § 19). This addition seems to be necessary to
complete the underlying idea.
[20] and — circumstances = and in (+bei+) the dazzle (+Verblendung+) and
the confusion, which ruled (+beherrschen+) his time, he never lost sight
of these aims. To lose sight of a thing, +etwas aus dem Auge verlieren+.
[21] Say ‘He would have liked (Impf. Subj. of +gern haben+ in connection
with the Past Participle of the verb) to shorten (+abkürzen+) a straight
line, in order to attain his purpose’.
[22] of — successes, +welche alle Zeugnis davon ablegen, wie teuer er
seine Erfolge erkaufte+.
[23] to set a person down as cruel, +einen für grausam halten+.
[24] ‘one’, here = a man (S. 134, N. 9).
[25] Say ‘he was not’, etc.
[26] Say ‘to the man who’, etc.
[27] Say ‘He must carry (+erobern+) the battery’.
[28] ‘to be sacrificed’, here +dahin´gerafft werden+.
[29] +Was befehlen Ew.+ (abbreviation of +Eure+) +Majestät+?
_Section 157._
NAPOLEON BONAPARTE.
II.
In the plenitude of his resources every obstacle seemed to vanish.
“There[1] shall be no Alps,” he said; and he built his perfect roads[2],
climbing[3] by graded galleries their steepest precipices, until Italy
was[4] as open to Paris as any town[5] in France. Having (S. 55, N.
1) decided what was to be done, he did that with[6] might and main.
He[7] put out all his strength. He risked everything, and spared[8]
nothing; neither ammunition, nor money, nor[9] troops, nor generals,
nor[10] himself. If fighting[11] be the best mode of adjusting national
differences (as[12] large majorities of men seem to agree), certainly
Bonaparte was right in making it thorough[13].
He fought[14] sixty battles. He had never enough. Each victory was a
new weapon. “My power would fall[15], were I not to support it by new
achievements. Conquest has[16] made me what I am, and conquest must
maintain me.”
Before[17] he fought a battle, Bonaparte thought[18] little about what he
should do in[18] case of success, but a great deal about what he should
do in case of a reverse of fortune. The same prudence and good sense
marked[19] all his behaviour[20]. His instructions[21] to his secretary
at the palace are worth[22] remembering. He said: “During the night enter
my chamber as seldom as possible. Do not awake me when you have any good
news to communicate[23]; with[24] that there is no hurry; but when you
have bad news, rouse me instantly, for then there is not a moment to be
lost.” His[25] achievement of business was immense, and[26] enlarges the
known power of man. There have been (S. 82, N. 7) many working kings,
from Ulysses to[27] William of Orange[28], but[29] none who accomplished
a tithe of this man’s performance.—EMERSON.
[1] +Es soll keine Alpen mehr geben.+
[2] perfect roads, +Kunststraßen+.
[3] Say ‘through which he by means of winding, (+sich schlängeln+) _and_
gradually rising passes climbed the steepest precipices (+Abhang+, m.) of
the Alps’.
[4] was = stood; to Paris = to the Parisians. =The suffix +er+ is used
to form names of male persons and of the inhabitants of countries
and places; as=—+der Italiener+, the Italian, from +Italien+; +der
Hamburger+, the inhabitants of Hamburgh.
[5] town in France = French (S. 101, N. 1) town.
[6] with — main, +aus Leibeskräften+.
[7] +Er setzte seine ganze Stärke daran.+
[8] +schonen.+
[9] nor = neither.
[10] +und auch sich selbst nicht.+
[11] = war; be = is; mode, +Art und Weise+.
[12] Say ‘as the majority of men seem (S. 107, N. 13) to think (S. 64, N.
11)’.
[13] to make (do) a thing thorough(ly), +etwas gründlich betreiben+.
[14] to fight battles, +Schlachten liefern+.
[15] = sink.
[16] = Conquests have; he has made me what I am, +er hat mich zu dem
gemacht, was ich bin+.
[17] +Ehe+, adv.