year 1708, pursuant to the will of Emery Hill, Esq; for the use of six
poor men and their wives, and six poor widows. The former are allowed
7_l._ 4_s._ and a chaldron of coals every year; and the latter 5_l._
and a chaldron of coals _per annum_, and a gown every other year.
The same gentleman erected an almshouse in Petty France, Westminster,
in the year 1677, for the reception of three men and their wives; but
left it to be endowed out of the surplusage of the above almshouse;
however it does not appear that there ever was any surplus.
_Maitland._
HILL’S _rents_, Helmet court, Butcher Row, near Temple Bar.†
HILL’S _wharf_, Wapping Wall.†
HILL’S _yard_, Shoreditch.
HIND _court_, 1. Coleman street, Lothbury. 2. Drury lane. 3. Fleet
street.
HIND’S _alley_, Maiden lane.†
HIND’S _rents_, Maze Pond street.†
HINTON’S _Almshouse_, in Plough alley, Barbican, was erected in the year
1732,pursuant to the will of Alice Hinton, of Hackney, widow, who
bequeathed the sum of 2000_l._ for erecting and endowing an almshouse
for twelve poor widows of the parish of St. Giles, Cripplegate; but
the building was only erected for six, occasioned, it is said, by the
loss of effects at sea, and 700_l._ by African stock. Each widow has,
however, two neat rooms, and the house is endowed with 22_l._ _per
annum_, arising from ground rent. _Maitland._
HITCHCOCK’S _yard_, Newington Causeway.†
HOAR’S _yard_, Bishopsgate street.†
HOBBIN’S _court_, Long lane, Southwark.†
HOBB’S _rents_, Marigold street.†
HOCKENHUIL’S _court_, Black Eagle street, Spitalfields.†
HOCKLEY _in the Hole_, near Clerkenwell.
HODDESDON, a hamlet situated on the river Lea, in the parish of Amswell
and Brocksbourn in Hertfordshire, nineteen miles from London. Queen
Elizabeth granted a grammar school to be kept here, and an almshouse
was founded in the reign of King Henry VI. by Richard Rich, Sheriff of
London. It is a great thoroughfare on the north road, and has a market
on Thursday, and fair eleven days after St. Peter’s.
HODGE’S _rents_, Nightingale lane.†
HOG _alley_, East Smithfield.*
HOG ISLAND, Liquorpond street.
HOG _land_, 1. St. Giles’s Pound.* 2. Norton Falgate.*
HOG _yard_, 1. East Smithfield.* 2. Flemish church yard.* 3. Kent
street.* 4. Liquorpond street. 5. Tothill street.* 6. White’s yard,
Rosemary lane.*
HOLAND’S _court_, Back alley, Wapping.†
HOLAND’S LEGURE, near Green walk.†
HOLAND’S LEGURE _walk_, Green walk.†
HOLAND _street_, 1. Black Friars. 2. Great Wardour street.
HOLBORN, extends from the bottom of Snow hill to Broad St. Giles’s. This
street was anciently a village called Oldborne, built on the bank of a
brook or borne called Olborne, or Holbourn, that sprung up near Middle
row, and flowed down the hill in a clear current, till it fell into
the river of Wells at Holborn bridge. Along this rivulet the village
gradually extended itself west ward, and communicated its name to this
long and spacious street, afterwards built upon the same spot. This
brook now runs the same course along the common sewer. Holborn was
first paved from the bridge to the bars in the year 1535.
HOLBORN _bars_, near the end of Gray’s Inn lane, where the liberties of
the city end on that side.
HOLBORN _bridge_, a bridge erected over Fleet ditch, at the bottom of
Holborn hill, where the river of Wells, also called Turnmill brook,
fell into it.
HOLBORN _court_, the first court in Gray’s Inn, on passing through the
gate out of Holborn.
HOLBORN _hill_, the descent at the east end of Holborn.
HOLBORN _row_, Lincoln’s Inn fields.
HOLDEN, or _Nonsuch court_, Gracechurch street.†
HOLDING _street_, Rotherhith.
HOLE IN THE WALL, Little Russel street.*
HOLE IN THE WALL _yard_, Goddard’s rents.*
HOLFORD _alley_, Drury lane.†
HOLFORD _court_, Fenchurch street.†
HOLFORD’S _walk_, Fore street, Lambeth.†
HOLIDAY’S _court_, 1. Blue Anchor alley.† 2. Narrow Wall.†
HOLIDAY’S _yard_, Creed lane.†
HOLIWELL, a fine spring, now choaked up with soil and a hill of rubbish
called Holiwell Mount, near Shoreditch. This spring, in the times of
popery, was famed for its miraculous virtues, and thence obtained the
name of _Holy_.
A little to the south of this well, but within its precinct, stood an
ancient priory of Benedictine nuns, which after many repairs, was
rebuilt by Sir Thomas Lovel, Knight of the Garter, in the reigns of
Henry VII. and VIII. who also gave to this priory a considerable
benefaction in land, and was here buried in a chapel which he himself
had erected. In commemoration of this benefactor, the following lines
were curiously painted in most of the glass windows:
_All the nunnes in Holiwell,
Pray for the soul of Thomas Lovel._
This priory, at the general suppression of monasteries, was
surrendered to Henry VIII. in the year 1539, and its ruins are still
to be seen in St. John’s court in Holiwell lane: the populace unjustly
consider these as the remains of St. John’s palace, tho’ it does not
appear that ever any royal mansion was in this neighbourhood.
HOLIWELL _court_, 1. Holiwell lane, Shoreditch. 2. St. Catharine’s.
HOLIWELL _lane_, 1. Shoreditch. 2. St. Catharine’s, Tower hill.
HOLIWELL _mount_, Holiwell lane, Shoreditch.
HOLIWELL _row_, Horseshoe alley, Shoreditch.
HOLIWELL _street_, 1. Shoreditch. 2. In the Strand; so called from its
neighbourhood to St. Clement’s well.
HOLLAND HOUSE, a little beyond Kensington, is a fine old large Gothic
structure built of brick, very pleasantly situated on a rising ground,
and is at present the seat of the right Hon. Henry Fox. The celebrated
Mr. Addison, who married the Countess of Warwick, lived in this house.
HOLLES’S _Almshouse_, in Great St. Helen’s, near Bishopsgate street, was
founded by the Lady Holles, relict of Sir William Holles, Lord Mayor
of London, in the year 1539, for six poor men or women, and endowed
with 10_l._ a year, out of which each person was to receive 7_d._ a
week, and the surplus to be laid out in coals for their use.
As an addition to this foundation, Alice Smith of London, widow,
devised lands to the value of 15_l._ a year; which, with the above
mentioned, being greatly increased in their revenues, the company of
Skinners, who are the trustees, have rebuilt the house in a handsome
manner, and augmented the pensions of the poor. _Maitland._
HOLLIS _street_, 1. Clare market.† 2. Oxford street.†
_The_ HOLLOW, near Brick lane.
HOLLOWAY _court_, Nevil’s court, Rosemary lane.
HOLLYBUSH _court_, St. Clement’s, Temple Bar.*
HOLMAN’S _alley_, Bunhill row.†
HOLYWELL. See HOLIWELL.
HOMERTON, a hamlet belonging to Hackney.
HONESTY’S _square_, Chick lane.
HONESTY’S _yard_, St. James’s court, Chick lane.
HONEY _court yard_, Ailesbury street.
HONEY _lane_, Cheapside.
HONEY _lane market_, behind the north side of Cheapside, facing Bow
church. After the fire of London, Honey lane, and other buildings,
were converted into this market, among which was the parish church of
Allhallows Honey lane. It is the smallest market in the city, being
but 193 feet in length from east to west, and 97 from north to south.
In the middle is a market house, which stands on pillars, has rooms
over it, and is crowned with a bell tower. In this market there are
135 standing stalls for butchers covered over, and also several stalls
for fruiterers; the passages into it are inhabited by fishmongers,
poulterers, &c. It is famous for the goodness of the provisions sold
there, with which it is well supplied on Mondays, Wednesdays, Fridays,
and Saturdays.
HONEYSUCKLE _court_, Grub street, Fore street.*
HOOKER’S _court_, St. Nicholas lane.*
HOOKE’S HOLE _yard_, Upper Ground street.*
HOOP _alley_, 1. Old street.* 2. Portpool lane.*
HOOP _yard_, 1. Little Swan alley.* 2. New Fish street hill.* 3. In the
Strand.*
HOOPER’S _square_, Goodman’s fields.†
HOOPER’S _yard_, 1. Brick lane, Spitalfields.† 2. Tooley street.†
HOP _garden_, St. Martin’s lane, Charing Cross.
HOPKIN’S _rents_, Crown alley, Tooley street.†
HOPKIN’S _row_, near Petty France, Westminster.†
HOPKIN’S _street_, Broad street, Poland street.†
HOPTON’S _Almshouse_, in the parish of Christ Church, Surry, was founded
by Charles Hopton, Esq; for twenty-six poor men, who have been
housekeepers and come to decay, each of whom has an upper and lower
room, with 10_l._ a year paid monthly, and a chaldron of coals. The
building is handsome, neat, and spacious. The founder died in the year
1730, and the poor men were first admitted two years after by the
minister and two churchwardens of that parish, and ten other
gentlemen, who are trustees for the management of this charity.
HOPTON _street_, Berwick street.†
HORN _alley_, 1. Aldersgate street.* 2. Liquorpond street.* 3. Tower
street, Tower hill.*
HORN _court_, 1. Basing lane.* 2. Beer lane, Tower street, near Tower
hill.* 3. Peter street, Westminster.*
HORN TAVERN _court_, St. Margaret’s lane.*
HORN _yard_, Goodman’s fields.*
HORNCHURCH, a town near Rumford in Essex, was formerly called Horn
Monastery from a large pair of leaden horns; which, according to
tradition, were placed there by a certain King, who disliking its
former name Hore Church, so called from its being built by a whore, in
order to attone for her sins, altered its name by setting up the
horns.
HORNERS, a company incorporated by letters patent granted by King
Charles I. in the year 1638. They are governed by a Master, two
Wardens, and nine Assistants; but have neither livery nor hall.
In the reign of Henry IV. this company was greatly reduced, by the
almost general exportation of horns; when applying to parliament in
the year 1465, it was enacted, that from thenceforward no other horns
should be exported, but such as were refused by the horners of this
city and kingdom, on the penalty of forfeiture: and for the more
effectual execution of this law, the Wardens of the company of Horners
of this city were impowered to search for all such goods and
merchandize, both wrought and unwrought, not only within this city and
20 miles round, but in the fairs of Sturbridge and Ely, and all such
goods as were found bad and unmarketable were to be forfeited.
_Maitland._
HORNSEY, a village in Middlesex, five miles from London. About a mile
nearer this, is a coppice of young trees, called _Hornsey Wood_, at
the entrance of which is a genteel public house, to which great
numbers of persons resort from the city. This house being situated on
the top of a hill, affords a delightful prospect of the neighbouring
country.
HORNS _yard_, 1. Cloth fair, East Smithfield.* 2. Kent street.* 3. Peter
street, Westster. 4. Stony street.* 5. Whitechapel.*
_Master of the_ HORSE. See the article MASTER OF THE HORSE.
HORSE AND GROOM _yard_, Wood street, Westminster.*
HORSE AND TRUMPET _yard_, Poor Jewry lane, Aldgate.
HORSE GUARDS, a noble modern edifice opposite to the Banquetting-house,
Whitehall. It consists of a center and two wings, and has an air of
solidity perfectly agreeable to the nature of the building. It
receives its name from the horse guards, who while the King is at St.
James’s are here on duty, two at a time being constantly mounted and
completely armed, under two handsome slope porches detached from the
building, and erected to shelter them from the weather. This structure
is equally calculated for the use of the foot as well as the horse on
duty.
In the center of this edifice is an arched passage into St. James’s
Park, and the building over this has a pediment, in which are the
King’s arms in bass relief. But this arch, as it is the passage of his
Majesty to and from the house of Peers, should have been more lofty
and noble. At each extreme of this center is a pavilion. But the
cupola, which is not seen in the view represented in the plate of the
Treasury, has but little to recommend it. The middle face of the
cupola presents a dial; and the aperture in the lower part of this,
and on the several stages of the other, are well calculated to break
the plainness, without weakening the building, either in reality or
appearance. The wings are plainer than the center. They each consist
of a fore front, projecting a little, with ornamented windows in the
principal story, and a plain one in the sides. Each has its pediment,
with a circular window in the center: and the whole has a proper air
of strength and plainness.
HORSE _walk_, Windmill hill, Moorfields.
HORSE AND CART _yard_, St. John’s street.
HORSEFERRY _bank_, Millbank, Westminster.
HORSEFERRY _lane_, Fore street, Lambeth.
HORSEFERRY _road_, Tothill fields.
HORSELYDOWN, Tooley street. All the tract called Horselydown, including
the streets, square and lane of the same name, was originally a
grazing ground, whence it was denominated _Horse Down_, which by
corruption was changed to _Horselydown_. _Stow, last edit._
HORSELYDOWN _fair street_, near Free school street.
HORSELYDOWN _Old lane_, Horselydown.
HORSELYDOWN _square_, Shad Thames.
HORSELYDOWN _stairs_, Horselydown.
HORSELYDOWN _street_, St. Olave’s, Southwark.
HORSEMONGER _lane_, near Blackman street.
HORSESHOE _alley_, 1. Anchor street.* 2. Bank side, Southwark.* 3.
Bunhill row.* 4. Fashion street.* 5. Golden lane.* 6. Maiden lane.* 7.
Moorfields.* 8. Petticoat lane. 9. Petty France. 10. Thread-needle
street.* 11. Whitechapel.*
HORSESHOE ALLEY _stairs_, Bank side.*
HORSESHOE _court_, 1. Bridge yard, Tooley street.* 2. Clement’s lane,
near Temple Bar.* 3. Cock lane, West Smithfield.* 4. Fashion street.*
5. Giltspur street, without Newgate.* 6. Old street.* 7. Peter street,
Hicks’s hall.* 8. Seething lane.*
HORSESHOE _passage_, Blowbladder street.*
HORSESHOE _yard_, 1. Brook street.* 2. Old Gravel lane.*
HOSIER _lane_, West Smithfield; so called from its being formerly
inhabited by the hosiers. _Stow._
HOSKIN’S _court_, Hartshorn lane, in the Strand.†
HOSPITAL _passage_, leading from Christ’s hospital into Butcherhall
lane.*
HOSPITAL _walk_, Hoxton.
HOUGHTON _street_, Clare market.†
HOTWATER _alley_, Paris Garden lane.
HOVEL, Hog lane, Norton Falgate.
HOUNDSDITCH, extends from Bishopsgate street without to Aldgate street
within, and runs along the outside of the city wall. Here was formerly
the city moat, which obtained the name of Houndsditch, from the number
of dead dogs flung into it; and this ditch being filled up, the street
built upon it obtained the same name. _Maitland._
HOUNSLOW, a village 12 miles north of London, on the edge of the heath
of the same name, which is equally famous for horse-races and
robberies. There are here a chapel and a charity school. The village
belongs to two parishes, the north side of the street to Hefton, and
the south to Isleworth. In this place was formerly a convent of
mendicant friars, who by their institution were to beg alms for the
ransom of captives taken by the infidels. On its dissolution by King
Henry VIII. that Prince gave it to the Lord Windsor, and it was
afterwards purchased by Mr. Auditor Roan.
HOUSEWIFE _alley_, Old Bethlem.
_Master of the_ HOUSHOLD. See the article MASTER OF THE HOUSHOLD.
HOWARD _street_, Norfolk street. Lord Arundel’s house stood there, and
from thence both Arundel and Norfolk street had their names.
HOWARD’S _alley_, 1. Angel alley.† 2. Back street, Lambeth.† 3.
Clerkenwell close.†
HOWARD’S CAUSEWAY _alley_, Narrow Wall.†
HOWFORD’S _court_, 1. Fenchurch street.† St. Nicholas lane, Lombard
street.†
HOXTON, near Shoreditch. This was for many ages a village, and in the
Conqueror’s Survey is named _Hocheston_: but by the increase of
buildings it has been for some time past joined to this metropolis.
HOXTON _market_, Hoxton.
HOXTON _road_, Hoxton.
HOXTON _square_, Hoxton.
HOYLE’S _court_, Noble street, Foster lane.†
HUBBART’S _rents_, Houndsditch.†
HUBBART’S _yard_, Brown’s lane.†
HUCKER’S _court_, St. Nicholas lane.†
HUDSON’S BAY _Company_. Though the extensive countries to which this
Company trade, were discovered by Sir Sebastian Cabot, in the year
1497, yet this commerce does not seem to have been fully settled till
after the year 1670, at which time King Charles II. by his letters
patent incorporated the adventurers by the title of _The Governor and
Company of the Adventurers of England trading into Hudson’s Bay_, and
granted them and their successors for ever, all the streights, bays,
seas, rivers, lakes, creeks, islands, shores, lands, territories and
places whatsoever, within Hudson’s Streights and Hudson’s Bay.
This Company carry on a considerable trade to the above places by a
joint stock, and have settled several small factories, to which the
natives repair with their rich furs, skins, and other commodities of
the country, which they exchange for those of England.
This corporation is under the direction of a Governor, Deputy
Governor, and seven Assistants, who have a hall which stands backward
in the south side of Fenchurch street. This is a very fine brick
building, adorned with pilasters, architraves, &c. _Maitland._
HUDSON’S _court_, 1. Tower hill.† 2. Vine street, Little Chandos
street.†
HUET’S _court_, in the Strand.†
HUET’S _rents_, Grub street, Fore street.†
HUGGEN _alley_, 1. Wood street, Cheapside. 2. Huggen lane.
HUGGEN _lane_, Thames street.
HUGH’S _court_, Water lane, Black Friars.†
HULBERT’S _Almshouse_, a very handsome building contiguous to St.
Peter’s hospital at Newington Butts. See FISHMONGERS _Almshouse_.
HUMFREY’S _alley_, Shoreditch.†
HUNGERFORD _market_, near the west end of the Strand, and at a small
distance from the Thames. In this place was anciently a large house,
with a garden, the seat of Sir Edward Hungerford, which he converted
into buildings. There is here a good market house, and over it a
French church: but the market house turns to little account,
notwithstanding its convenient situation for the gardeners to land
their greens, &c. at the stairs.
HUNGERFORD _stairs_, Hungerford market.†
HUNGERFORD STAIRS _passage_, Hungerford market.†
HUNGERFORD _street_, in the Strand, leading to the market.†
_Common_ HUNT. See COMMON.
HUNT’S _court_, 1. Castle street, Leicester fields.† 2. Hunt’s street.†
3. St. Martin’s lane, Charing Cross.†
HUNT’S _rents_, Goswell street.†
HUNT’S _street_, Spicer’s street.†
HUNT’S _wharf_, near Thames street.†
HURST’S _gardens_, St. George’s fields.†
HUSBAND’S _street_, 1. Near Berwick street.† 2. By Knave’s acre.†
HUSSEY’S _alley_. Wood street.†
HUTCHINSON’S _wharf_, Milford lane.†
HYDON _square_, near the east end of the Minories.†
HYDON _square court_, Hydon square.†
HYDON _yard_, leading from the Minories to Hydon square.†
[Illustration]
I J.
JACK ADAMS’S _alley_, Saffron hill.
JACK _alley_, Bow lane.
JACKANAPES _row_, Cheapside.
JACKSON’S _alley_, Bow street, Covent garden.†
JACKSON’S _Almshouse_, in College yard, Deadman’s Place, Southwark, was
founded in the year 1685, by Mr. Henry Jackson, for two poor women,
who have each an allowance of 1_s._ 8_d._ per week.
JACKSON’S _court_, 1. Black Friars.† 2. Gravel lane.† 3. White street.†
JACKSON’S _yard_, Gravel lane.†
JACK STRAW’S CASTLE _yard_, Saltpetre Bank.
JACOB’S _alley_, 1. Barnaby street.† 2. Goswell street.† 3. Turnmill
street.†
JACOB’S _court_, 1. Cow Cross.† 2. Peter street, Turnmill street.†
JACOB’S _street_, Mill street, Rotherhith.†
JACOB’S WELL _alley_, 1. Nightingale lane.* 2. Thames street.*
JACOB’S WELL _yard_, Nightingale lane.*
JAMAICA _street_, Rotherhith.
_St._ JAMES’S _Clerkenwell_, situated on the north side of Clerkenwell
Green, is a part of the church of the ancient priory; and is thus
denominated from its dedication to St. James the Minor, Bishop of
Jerusalem. This priory was founded so early as the year 1100, and the
church belonging to it not only served the nuns but the neighbouring
inhabitants. The priory was dissolved by King Henry VIII. in the year
1539, and the church was immediately made parochial. See CLERKENWELL.
The steeple of this edifice being greatly decayed by age, a part of it
fell down in the year 1623, upon which the parish contracted with a
person to rebuild it; but the builder being desirous of getting as
much as possible by the job, raised the new work upon the old
foundation, and carried it on with the utmost expedition; but before
it was entirely finished, it fell down, and destroyed part of the
church, which were both soon after rebuilt, as they are at present.
This church is a very heavy structure, partly Gothic, which was the
original form, and partly Tuscan. The body, though it has not the
least appearance of elegance, is well enlightened, and the steeple
consists of a low heavy tower crowned with a turret.
The church is a curacy in the gift of the parishioners.
_St._ JAMES’S _Duke’s Place_, near Aldgate, is a very old church, it
having escaped the great conflagration in 1666, that was destructive,
to so many others, and still remains in its original form. The body is
well enlightened, and the tower, which is composed of four stages, is
terminated by a very singular kind of turret in the form of a canopy.
This church is a curacy, the patronage of which being in the Lord
Mayor and Commonalty of London, the parish claims a right of exemption
from the Bishop of London’s jurisdiction, in matters ecclesiastical.
The Incumbent receives about 60_l._ a year by tithes, and 13_l._ a
year from the Chamber of London. _Maitland._
_St._ JAMES’S _Garlickhith_, is situated at the east end of Garlic Hill,
and is thus denominated from its dedication to St. James one of the
apostles, and its vicinity to a garlic market anciently held in this
neighbourhood. This church being destroyed by the fire of London, the
foundation of the present edifice was laid in the year 1676, and the
church was finished in 1682. _Stow._
This church, which, as well as both the former, is built of stone, is
well enlightened, and is seventy-five feet in length, and forty-five
in breadth; the roof is forty feet high, and the steeple ninety-eight
feet. The tower is divided into three stages; in the lowest is a very
elegant door, with coupled columns of the Corinthian order: in the
second stage is a pretty large window, and over it the form of a
circular one not opened: over this, in the third story, is another
window larger than any of the former, and the cornice above this
supports a range of open work in the place of battlements, or a
balustrade. From hence rises the turret, which is composed of four
stages, and decorated with columns, scrolls, and other ornaments. The
parts are all regular, and even elegant, but the whole is too massy.
_English Architecture._
This church is a rectory, the patronage of which is in the Bishop of
London. The Rector receives 100_l._ _per annum_, in lieu of tithes.
_St._ JAMES’S _Westminster_, by St. James’s square, is one of the
churches that owes its rise to the increase of buildings and
inhabitants; for the church of St. Martin’s in the Fields being too
small for the inhabitants, and too remote from those in this quarter,
the Earl of St. Alban’s, with other persons of distinction in that
neighbourhood, erected this edifice at the expence of about 7000_l._
It was built in the reign of King Charles II. and tho’ a large fabric,
was considered as a chapel of ease to St. Martin’s; but being
consecrated in 1684, it was dedicated to St. James, in compliment to
the name of the Duke of York, and the next year, when that Prince had
ascended the throne, the district for which it was built, was by act
of parliament separated from St. Martin’s, and made a distinct parish.
The walls are brick, supported by rustic quoins of stone; and the
windows, which are large, are also cased with stone. The tower at the
east end, rises regularly from the ground to a considerable height,
and is crowned with a neat, well constructed spire.
This church is a rectory, in the patronage of the Bishop of London.
_Maitland._ _Stow._ _English Architecture._
JAMES _court_, 1. Berry street, Piccadilly. 2. James street,
Featherstone street. 3. James street, Theobald’s row.