|
|This city consists of four principal streets, all well paved, and
|meeting at a point, near which is a conduit. In the north-east
|part is an old castle, supposed to have been first built by the
|West Saxons, and was remarkably strong, both by nature and art; it
|also contains many spacious and elegant public buildings, and has
|a good bridge over the Ex, which cost £20,000. By means of
|floodgates, for keeping up the water at the flowing of the tide,
|vessels of 150 tons are brought to the quay near the city walls.
|
|Exeter gives title of marquis to the Cecil family, and sends two
|members to parliament. Its principal manufactures are woollen
|goods, of various descriptions; and here is held a weekly serge
|market, the largest in England, excepting that at Leeds, besides
|two other markets on Wednesday and Friday, for provisions, &c.
|This city is reckoned very healthy, notwithstanding its numerous
|population, and the closeness of the buildings.
|
62|Exton, Hants, 96. A parish containing 37 houses, and 224
|inhabitants. About two miles distant from the town, on a hill,
|there appears to have been a Roman camp, fortified with a rampart,
|called _Old Winchester_, where, according to tradition, there was
|formerly a city.
|
136|Eype Down, Dorset, 112.
|
|Eyre’s Summer House, Wilts, 209.
|
|
|F.
|
18|Fair Mile, Surrey, 25.
|
243|Fairy Cross, Cornwall, 126.
|
54|Falmer, Sussex, 60. A parish containing 48 houses, and 255
|inhabitants.
|
279|=Falmouth=, Cornwall, 130. A sea port and market town of
|considerable trade, situated at the mouth of the river Fale,
|containing 578 houses, and 4849 inhabitants, and having a
|commodious harbour, of sufficient depth to contain the largest
|ships, and defended by two castles, strongly fortified, built by
|Henry the Eighth.
|
|The town is tolerably well built, and has a custom-house for most
|of the Cornish towns. It carries on a considerable fishery of
|pilchards; and the packet boats for Spain, Portugal, and the West
|Indies, are established here. It has a good market on Tuesday,
|Thursday, and Saturday.
|
|Falmouth Harbour, Cornwall, 130. (_see Falmouth_)
|
73|=Fareham=, Hants, 98, 222. A market town, situated at the
|north-west extremity of Portsmouth Harbour, containing 621 houses,
|and 3325 inhabitants. During the summer season this town is much
|frequented for the purpose of sea-bathing, having a commodious
|bathing-house; and the houses are tolerably well built.
|
|Its principal manufactures are sacking and ropes; it has also a
|considerable trade in coals, and a good market on Wednesday.
|
|Farlington, Hants, 214, 223. A parish containing 53 houses, and
|302 inhabitants.
|
32|Farnborough, Hants, 80. A parish containing 48 houses, and 241
|inhabitants.
|
14|Farnborough, Kent, 16. A township and chapelry, containing 57
|houses, and 314 inhabitants.
|
38|=Farnham=, Surrey, 81. A market town, situated on the river Wey,
|containing 538 houses, and 2910 inhabitants, and deriving its name
|from the quantity of fern which grows in its vicinity. The town is
|neat, well paved, and has several handsome houses.
|
|Near this town is a cave formed in a rock, called _Mother Ludlam’s
|Hole_, through which passes a continual stream of fine water,
|which, after falling down a number of marble steps, runs into the
|river in the meadow below: this grotto is said to have been the
|favourite study of Dean Swift, when on a visit to Sir William
|Temple. It is large, but diminishes gradually, and winds away as
|the spring seems to have directed it. The bottom is paved with
|Mosaic tile: it is separated by a little parapet, through which
|the water flows, and falls into small marble troughs below each
|other, till conveyed out of the grotto. It appears that these
|springs were collected together for the use of the adjacent
|monastery. Part of the abbey and chapel ruins are still to be
|seen. In the neighbourhood are many extensive hop plantations. The
|market is held on Thursday.
|
22|Farnham End, Bucks, 175.
|
50|Farringdon, Hants, 95. A parish containing 64 houses, and 387
|inhabitants.
|
47|=Faversham=, Kent, 7. A market town and parish, situated on the
|river Swale, containing 639 houses, and 3655 inhabitants. The town
|appears to be very ancient, and the two Roman saints, Crispin and
|Crispianus, are said to have founded an asylum here, where they
|were bound apprentices to a shoemaker.
|
|So early as the year 811, this was denominated the King’s Town, in
|which King Cenwall granted a charter to Wulford, Archbishop of
|Canterbury. Here are also to be seen the ruins of an abbey,
|founded by King Stephen.
|
|The parish church is supposed to have been built about the reign
|of Edward the First. It is in the form of a cross: the walls are
|of flint, quoined with stone from Caen. The inside of the church
|is handsome, and well worthy of observation. Here are likewise an
|elegant assembly room, and a neat theatre.
|
|Faversham is noted for its extensive manufacture of gunpowder, and
|also for its celebrated oyster fishery, in which near 200 families
|are employed. The markets, which are held on Wednesday and
|Saturday, are well supplied with all kinds of provisions.
|
28|Felbridge, Sussex, 56.
|
159|Fenny Bridges, Devon, 115.
|
45|Fernhurst, Sussex, 34.
|
106|Fifehead, Dorset, 139. A parish containing 15 houses, and 72
|inhabitants.
|
69|Fifield, Hants, 159. A parish containing 43 houses, and 193
|inhabitants.
|
56|Filmer Hill, Hants, 96.
|
51|Finden, Sussex, 67. A parish containing 57 houses, and 381
|inhabitants.
|
|Fishbourn, Sussex, 215. A parish containing 26 houses, and 309
|inhabitants.
|
|Fishbourn, Old, Sussex, 215.
|
43|Fisher Street, Sussex, 37.
|
88|Fisherton de-la-Mere, Wilts, 162, 207. A parish containing 57
|houses, and 207 inhabitants.
|
81|Fisherton, Wilts, 136, 209. A parish containing 189 houses, and
|865 inhabitants. This place is of great antiquity, and formerly
|had a house of black friars.
|
50|Fish Pond Wood, Kent, 7.
|
52|Fittleworth, Sussex, 43. A parish containing 81 houses, and 564
|inhabitants.
|
53|Fittleworth Bridge, Sussex, 43.
|
242|Five Barrow Hill, Cornwall, 126.
|
174|Five Bridges, Devon, 196.
|
107|Five Bridges, Dorset, 139.
|
220|Five Lanes, Cornwall, 153.
|
44|Flimwell, Sussex, 20.
|
116|Flowers Hill, Somerset, 202.
|
279|Flushing, Cornwall, 130.
|
27|Folly, The, Berks, 176.
|
91|Fonthill Down, Wilts, 163.
|
94|Fonthill Giffard, Wilts, 163. A parish containing 76 houses, and
|494 inhabitants.
|
208|Ford, Devon, 121.
|
140|Ford, Somerset, 191.
|
79|Ford, Wilts, 103, 135.
|
38|Ford Green, Sussex, 58.
|
121|Fordington Fields, Dorset, 171.
|
143|Fordwater, Dorset, 144.
|
80|Forest, New, Hants, 87, 88, 92. This forest extends from Godshill
|on the north-west, to the sea on the south-east about 20 miles,
|and from Hardley on the east, to Ringwood on the west, being 15
|miles; containing 92,365 statute acres: and from its situation,
|with respect to water carriage, and its vicinity to Portsmouth
|Dock-yard, is far superior to every other forest in the kingdom.
|
32|Forest Row, Sussex, 57.
|
77|Forton, Hants, 98. (_Population included with Gosport_)
|
110|Fosse Road, Somerset, 187.
|
225|Four Holes Cross, Cornwall, 154.
|
91|Fovant, Wilts, 137. A parish containing 100 houses, and 514
|inhabitants.
|
244|Fradden, Cornwall, 157.
|
56|Freefolk, Hants, 100. A hamlet containing 8 houses, and 54
|inhabitants. Here is a paper mill, where the finer kinds of paper
|are manufactured, particularly that sort used by the Bank of
|England.
|
68|Friars’ Hill, Hants, 78.
|
45|Friars’ Oak, Sussex, 50.
|
44|Friday’s Hill, Sussex, 34.
|
30|Frimley, Surrey, 80. A hamlet containing 83 houses, and 532
|inhabitants.
|
30|Frimley Bridge, Hants, 80.
|
27|Frimley Heath, Surrey, 72, 80.
|
102|Frog Lane, Wilts, 164.
|
67|Froxfield, Wilts, 182. A parish containing 128 houses, and 492
|inhabitants. Here is a handsome and well-endowed almshouse,
|founded by Sarah, Duchess Dowager of Somerset, for the maintenance
|of 30 poor widows.
|
44|Froyle, Hants, 82. A parish containing 123 houses, and 744
|inhabitants.
|
84|Fugglestone, Wilts, 136, 208. A parish containing 111 houses, and
|590 inhabitants.
|
193|Fullaford, Devon, 149.
|
47|Furley Hill, Sussex, 34.
|
43|Furness, Old, Sussex, 65.
|
193|Furzely, Devon, 119.
|
77|Fyfield, Wilts, 183.
|
|
|G.
|
26|Gad’s Hill, Kent, 4. This place has been rendered famous by
|Shakspeare making it the scene of the frolics of Henry the Fifth,
|when Prince of Wales, and his companion Falstaff. On the spot is a
|public house, bearing the prince’s head on one side, and the fat
|knight and his companion on the other.
|
192|Gaggs, Devon, 119.
|
19|Galley Hill, Kent, 3.
|
22|Gander’s Hole, Surrey, 47.
|
243|Gaverigon, Cornwall, 156.
|
239|Gelly Copse, Cornwall, 125.
|
226|=Germains, St.=, Cornwall, 124. A borough, town, and parish,
|containing 350 houses, and 2030 inhabitants. The town is situated
|on a rising ground near the river Tidi, a branch of the Lyhner. It
|was a bishop’s see, gives title of Earl to the family of Eliot,
|and sends two members to parliament. It owes its name to a bishop
|of Auxene, who extirpated the Pelagian heresy from Britain, and to
|whose memory King Athelstan here founded a priory of secular
|canons. The see of Bodmin was translated hither in 981, and the
|remains of the bishop’s palace may still be traced in a farm about
|one mile distant from the town. The conventual church, which is
|now used as the parish church, is a large and handsome building,
|and still contains an episcopal choir, and the prebends’ stalls.
|
|The parish of St. Germains is the largest in the county, including
|sixteen villages.
|
64|Giles’s, St., Hill, Hants, 84.
|
131|=Glastonbury=, Somerset, 190. A market town, consisting of two
|parishes, containing 486 houses, and 2337 inhabitants. It derived
|its celebrity from its abbey, which, during a period of six
|hundred years, surpassed in value and authority every other in
|England, except that of Westminster; the grandeur of its ruins
|still convey an idea to the beholder of its ancient magnificence.
|The abbot lived in all the state of regal splendour, with an
|income of near forty thousand pounds _per annum_. The last abbot,
|refusing to surrender his abbey to King Henry the Eighth, was,
|with two of his monks, drawn on a hurdle to the Torr, near the
|town, and there hanged.
|
|This is said to be the burial place of the famous King Arthur.
|
|The town and environs of Glastonbury abound with religious relics;
|the most conspicuous of which is the Torr, or St. Michael’s Tower,
|which still remains an object of admiration to travellers.
|
|The town was built by king Ina, about the year 708, when after
|having been destroyed by the Danes, and subsequently by fire, it
|was rebuilt by Henry the Second.
|
|Near the town are found several petrifactions, resembling snakes,
|cockles, oyster-shells, &c. The market is on Tuesday.
|
277|Gluvias, St., Cornwall, 130.
|
33|=Godalming=, Surrey, 27. A market town and parish, containing 680
|houses, and 3543 inhabitants. This town is delightfully situated
|in a valley by the side of the river Wey, which is navigable from
|thence to Weybridge, where it falls into the Thames. The church is
|a neat building with a high and handsome spire. Its chief
|manufactures are woollen goods, particularly stockings and fleecy
|hosiery. Market on Saturday.
|
20|Godstone Green, Surrey, 55.
|
181|Golds Cross, Devon, 148.
|
275|Gonree, Cornwall, 130.
|
275|Gonree Moor, Cornwall, 130.
|
78|=Gosport=, Hants, 98. A market town situated on the west side of
|Portsmouth Harbour, over which there is a constant ferry. It
|contains 1474 houses, and 7788 inhabitants.
|
|This is a place of great trade and business, but more particularly
|so in time of war, from the number of docks here for the King’s
|service, and likewise a large iron foundery, in which various
|articles are cast for the use of the navy.
|
|A little to the south of this town near the sea, is that noble
|building, Haslar Hospital, for the cure of the sick and wounded
|seamen in his Majesty’s service. This building was begun in 1746,
|and finished in 1762, it stands on a dry gravelly soil, and is
|surrounded with an airing ground, near a mile in circumference,
|enclosed with a wall twelve feet high. On a pediment in the front
|of the hospital are various emblematical sculptures. The hall is
|very spacious, and the wards are all uniformly sixty feet long,
|and twenty broad.
|
|It has a strong fort, with a platform well mounted with cannon to
|defend the entrance into the harbour. The market is on Saturday.
|
260|=Grampound=, Cornwall, 128. A borough and market town, containing
|99 houses, and 601 inhabitants. It was made a borough, with very
|extensive privileges, by Edward the First, particularly that of
|freedom of toll throughout all Cornwall. It has a good stone
|bridge over the river Fale, or Vale, which is of considerable
|breadth here; and sends two members to Parliament. The market is
|on Saturday.
|
67|Gravel Hill, Hants, 97.
|
22|=Gravesend=, Kent, 3. A market-town, and the first port in the
|river Thames, containing 536 houses, and 31,119 inhabitants.
|
|The old town of Gravesend was burnt in 1380 by the French and
|Spaniards, who came up the river in row gallies. The present town
|was erected for the defence of the river in 1513, and, by a grant
|of Richard the Second, enjoys the privilege of conveying
|passengers to and from London. The boats depart from Billingsgate
|every tide at high water, on the ringing of a bell, and from
|Gravesend to London every flood. The fare, which was originally
|twopence, is now one shilling and sixpence. The church, which is
|an elegant building, was erected in 1731. All outward-bound
|vessels are obliged to bring-to here, till they have been examined
|by the proper custom house officers, and receive their clearances;
|here also all foreigners are detained on arriving from abroad,
|till they have obtained permission from the Secretary of State’s
|office to proceed; and all foreigners departing, must receive
|their clearances from the Alien Office here. Opposite the
|Block-house, on the Essex shore, is Tilbury Fort, having a strong
|battery. The market on Wednesday and Saturday is well supplied,
|and on Sunday there is a good fish market.
|
41|Gray’s Wood Common, Surrey, 33.
|
227|Greenbarrow, Cornwall, 154.
|
264|Green Mill, Cornwall, 128.
|
42|Green Street, Kent, 6.
|
15|Green Street Green, Kent, 16.
|
239|Gregland, Cornwall, 156.
|
117|Greys Wood, Dorset, 109.
|
87|Grims Ditch, Wilts, 104.
|
186|Grindown, Devon, 148.
|
29|=Grinsted, East=, Sussex, 57. A borough, market town, and parish,
|containing 450 houses, and 2804 inhabitants. It is a borough by
|prescription of great antiquity, and sends two members to
|parliament. The tower of the church fell down in 1785, after
|having stood just 100 years, and so much damaged the church, that
|the whole was obliged to be rebuilt.
|
|At the end of the town is a large handsome stone building, called
|_Sackville College_, erected by Sackville, Duke of Dorset, in the
|reign of James the First; in which are accommodations for 24 aged
|persons of both sexes, where each has a comfortable room, and a
|yearly allowance of £8. It is governed by a warden and two
|gentlemen assistants; and has a neat chapel, wherein the warden
|reads prayers every morning. A suit of apartments in this edifice
|was intended for the occasional residence of his Grace, but as he
|never occupies it, the rooms are used by the Judges of the Circuit
|during the Assizes, which are generally held here in Lent, though
|the county gaol is at Horsham. The market is on Thursday, chiefly
|for corn.
|
43|Grinsted, West, Sussex, 65. A parish containing 133 houses, and
|939 inhabitants.
|
29|=Guildford=, Surrey, 27. A borough and market town, containing 527
|houses, and 2974 inhabitants; it is pleasantly situated on the
|side of a chalk hill on the banks of the river Wey, and was
|anciently a royal town, being the residence of our monarchs. Part
|of the remains of its castle are still visible, especially the
|square tower, or keep, which has been a place of great strength.
|Here are also some remains of a palace of considerable extent.
|
|Guildford gives title of Earl to the family of North; and sends
|two members to parliament. It has a theatre and several handsome
|public buildings; near the town is a circular race course, where a
|plate of 100 guineas value, left by King William the Third, is
|annually run for in the Whitsun-week, at which time there are also
|three subscription plates run for; these races are in general well
|attended. The market is on Saturday, and is well supplied.
|
96|Guissage, St. Andrew, Dorset, 106.
|
98|Guyers, Wilts, 186.
|
|
|H.
|
178|Hal Down, Devon, 117.
|
|Hall Court, Hants, 213.
|
60|Halnaker, Sussex, 40, 216.
|
|Hambrook Common, Sussex, 215.
|
37|Hammer Ponds, Witley Common, Surrey, 28.
|
3|Hammersmith, Middlesex, 69. This village is pleasantly situated on
|the north bank of the Thames, having many handsome seats and
|villas in its neighbourhood; here is also a nunnery, in which many
|devotees have taken the veil, and doomed themselves to voluntary
|seclusion. Hammersmith contains 871 houses, and 5600 inhabitants.
|
|Hamoaze, Devon, 122. (_See Plymouth._)
|
|Hampnet, East, Sussex, 216.
|
62|Hampnet, West, Sussex, 40, 216.
|
|Hampot, Sussex, 217.
|
96|Hampreston Heath, Dorset, 89.
|
37|Hampstead Hill, Sussex, 49.
|
65|Hampton, Little, Sussex, 44. A parish and small sea port, situated
|at the mouth of the river Arun, containing 112 houses, and 584
|inhabitants. Of late years this place has been much frequented
|during the season for sea bathing. In the neighbourhood formerly
|stood several religious houses, and the remains of a Benedictine
|monastery are still to be seen at Boxgrove.
|
35|Hand Cross, Sussex, 49.
|
41|Handstay Cross, Sussex, 50.
|
|Hanging Langford, Wilts, 207.
|
54|Harbledown, Kent, 8. A parish containing 95 houses, and 473
|inhabitants. The church is pleasantly situated on a hill, opposite
|to which is an hospital and chapel.
|
106|Hardway, Somerset, 173.
|
32|Hare Hatch, Berks, 177.
|
13|Harlington, Middlesex, 174. A parish containing 70 houses, and 363
|inhabitants.
|
13|Harlington Corner, Middlesex, 174.
|
82|Harnham, Wilts, 104. A hamlet containing 40 houses, and 186
|inhabitants.
|
82|Harnham Hill, Wilts, 104.
|
35|Hartford Bridge, Hants, 74.
|
129|Hartlake Bridge, Somerset, 190.
|
129|Hartlake Drain, Somerset, 190.
|
36|Hartley Row, Hants, 74.
|
128|Haselborough, Somerset, 142.
|
99|Haselbury Hill, Wilts, 186.
|
42|=Haslemere=, Surrey, 33. A borough and market town, containing 156
|houses, and 756 inhabitants. It is a very ancient borough by
|prescription, and has sent members to parliament ever since the
|reign of Edward the Fourth. It is said formerly to have had five
|parish churches, although it has now only a chapel to the mother
|church of Chiddingfold. Its market is on Tuesday.
|
63|=Hastings=, Sussex, 22. A borough and market town, situated
|between two hills, and containing 710 houses, and 3848
|inhabitants. It is very ancient; in the year 924, in the reign of
|Athelstan, it had a mint, and is supposed to have been built by
|one Hastings, a Danish pirate, who erected a fort here to secure
|his men in their retreat, after having pillaged the country. It is
|the principal of the Cinque Ports, and formerly had a noted
|harbour, but now a road only for small vessels, notwithstanding
|the vast expence that has been frequently incurred in order to
|clear it.
|
|The churches of St. Clement’s and All Saints, are ancient fabrics;
|St. Clement’s contains several good monuments, and curious
|inscriptions, with a neat altar piece. All Saint’s is spacious,
|and has a pulpit cloth made of the canopy used at Queen Anne’s
|coronation.
|
|Between the parishes of St. Clement’s and All Saint’s runs a fresh
|water stream, called the Bourne, which supplies nearly the whole
|town with water. The town is commanded by a strong fort, and the
|whole of this coast is strongly fortified with batteries and
|martello towers. Here is also a barrack for foot soldiers, and a
|custom house, with an establishment of twelve riding officers;
|this place and its neighbourhood being famous for a trade in
|contraband goods. The streets are well paved, and from their
|inclination towards the sea, are easily kept clean and neat.
|
|At low water Hastings has a fine level sand, of a great extent,
|rendering bathing safe at any time of the tide, and it is a very
|fashionable watering place, having a convenient bathing room at
|the parade to the west of the town, which is, during the season,
|furnished with every elegant amusement. The environs of this place
|are beautifully romantic. At two miles distance is a large broad
|stone, on which it is said King William the Conqueror dined on his
|landing.
|
|On a hill westward of the town are the remains of an ancient
|castle, the walls of which are in some places eight feet thick:
|its shape is triangular, with the angles rounded, and the base or
|south side is formed of a perpendicular craggy cliff, about 400
|feet long. A little to the west of Castle Cliff is a farm house,
|called the Priory, originally belonging to the order of Black
|Canons; some of its walls are still to be seen, and close to the
|farm yard is a piece of water, which, being drained off some years
|ago, discovered a large hole near 30 feet deep, with the remains
|of a sluice, gates, &c.
|
|This town was incorporated by James the Second, and sends two
|members to parliament. Here was fought the famous battle between
|Harold of England and William the Norman, in 1066, in which the
|former was defeated and killed, and the latter became king of
|England; in this battle the victors lost near 15,000 men, and the
|conquered many more.
|
|The market is held on Wednesday and Saturday, and is well
|supplied.
|
3|Hatcham, Surrey, 1. A hamlet containing 148 houses, and 734
|inhabitants.
|
101|Hatt, Wilts, 200.
|
|=Havant=, Hants, 214. A market town and parish, containing 335
|houses, and 1670 inhabitants. The church is a very ancient
|building, and at a mile and a half distant are the ruins of
|Warblington Castle. Its market, which is held on Saturday, is well
|supplied with all kinds of grain.
|
37|Haver Hill, Sussex, 49.
|
220|Hay, Cornwall, 123.
|
114|Haydon, Dorset, 140. A parish containing 17 houses, and 83
|inhabitants.
|
140|Hay Moor, Dorset, 145.
|
115|Hazlegrove, Somerset, 166.
|
61|Headbourn, Worthy, Hants, 77. A parish containing 25 houses, and
|153 inhabitants.
|
178|Heath Cross, Devon, 147.
|
47|Heath, North, Sussex, 34.
|
14|Heath Row, Middlesex, 174.
|
171|Heavitree, Devon, 116. A parish containing 163 houses, and 833
|inhabitants. This being the place of execution for the city of
|Exeter, it is supposed to have derived its name from thence. It is
|very pleasantly and healthily situated, and a number of the
|inhabitants of Exeter have chosen it for a favourite residence.
|
29|Helden Green, Kent, 18.
|
179|Hele, Higher, Devon, 196.
|
12|Hell, Little, Surrey, 46.
|
221|Hendra, Cornwall, 153.
|
47|Henley Common, Sussex, 34.
|
109|Henstridge, Somerset, 140. A parish containing 152 houses, and 827
|inhabitants.
|
109|Henstridge Ash, Somerset, 140.
|
70|Hens Wood, Wilts, 182.
|
177|Hentown, Devon, 147.
|
53|Herringdean Wood, Sussex, 35.
|
258|Hewas Water, Cornwall, 128.
|
|=Heytesbury=, Wilts, 206. A borough and parish, situated on the
|river Wyley, containing 196 houses, and 1072 inhabitants. The
|church is a spacious building, having been formerly collegiate,
|with four prebends in it belonging to Salisbury cathedral: it is
|built in the form of a cross, with a tower in the centre,
|containing six bells; and is about 400 years old. Here is an
|hospital for 12 aged men and one woman, well endowed.
|
|The greater part of this place was destroyed by fire in 1766, from