Babylon, at, 62
Bodleian, 412
Congressional, the, 447
École des Beaux Arts, of, 444
Laurentian, 349
Lenox, N. Y. C., 462
Merton, Oxford, 412
Pembroke, Cambridge, 419
S. Genéviève, 444
S. Marco, 354, 365
Theological, Princeton, 462
Tiglath Pileser, of, 59
Varro’s, 151
Lighting, of Greek temples, 123
of Gothic churches, 274
Lintels (Gloss.), in Egypt, 48
Persia, 84
Lions:
Cathedral Porch, Piacenza, 251
Court of, Alhambra, 226
Decorative motive is, 100
Gateway of, Mycenæ, 88, 92, 99, 100
Heads of, in ornament, 130
Loggias (Gloss.), of Ca D’Oro, 360
City Hall, Antwerp, of, 407
Doge’s Palace, 316
S. Paolo, 344
Villa Farnesina, 347
Lombardy after Charlemagne, 323
Merchants of, 235
Rib vaulting in, 243-4, 310
Romanesque in, 249, 250
London:
Adelphi Terrace, 428
All Saints Church, 452
Bank of England, 438
British Museum, 438
Chelsea Hospital, 423
Devonshire House, 426
Finsbury Circus, 428
Fitzroy Square, 428
Greenwich Hospital, 419
Holland House, 412, 414
Houses of Parliament, 450
Law Courts, New, 451
Marlborough, 423
Monument, the, 423
New Zealand Chambers, 460
Portland Place, 428
S. Mary-le-Bow, 423
S. Pancras, 438
S. Paul’s Cathedral, 288, 371, 388, 420-3
S. Paul’s Covent Garden, 419
S. Stephen’s, 422
Temple Bar, 423
Thames Embankment, 418
Westminster Hall, 297, 451
Whitehall, 418
York House, 419
Lotus, _see_ Decorative Motives
Louver (Gloss.), 299
Louvre, The, 382-6
Façades, 383-4, 386
New Louvre, 383
Old Louvre, 383
Pavilions, 385
Roof, 385
Lunette (Gloss.), Gothic, 276
Renaissance, 368
Luther, Martin, 328
Lycians, the, 83-4
M
Machicolations (Gloss.), 378, 380
Machu Picchu, 19, 20
Maison Carrée, Nîmes, 169-170
Maksura, 217, 221, 224
Manetho, Egyptian historian, 25
Mantelpieces, colonial, 432
effect of in cornices, 475
Mantua, 345, 347
Marot, Clement, 376
Masonry, Ashlar, 254
Batter, 41, 47
Buttresses, in, 282
Cyclopean, 15, 98, 100, 155
Drafted, 81
Egyptian, 40
Gothic, Italian, 312, 358
Greek and Roman compared, 154
Leaning Tower, Pisa, in, 247
Muhammedan domes, in, 222
Primitive, 14, 20
Renaissance, in English, 412, 418, 421-2
French, 378, 382
German, 393, 395
Netherlands, 407
Spanish, 402, 404
Rib vaulting, in, 243, 272
Romanesque, 242, 244, 245
Romans, of, 153
Rubble, 85, 254
Rusticated, 292, 294, 348, 392, 407
Sky scrapers, in, 474, 476
Syrian, 199
Mastabas (Gloss.), 34, 38
Sakkarah, at, 41
Thy, of, 41
Mausoleum (Gloss.), 347, 404.
_See_ Tombs
Mecca, 214, 220
Medes, 74, 75, 80. _See_ Persians
Mediæval, Early, Civilisation, 232-240
Architecture, 241-260, _see_ Romanesque,
Late, civilisation, 263-269
Architecture, 270, _see_ Gothic
Medici, The, 344, 346, 358, 359, 386, 468
Medinet Abou, 54
Mediterranean races, 95
Megaron (Gloss.), 97, 98, 100, 102
Memnon, the Vocal, 46
Memphis, Obelisks, at, 43
Menes, ruler of Egypt, 25
Menhir (Gloss.), 13, 17, _see_ obelisk
Merchant families, England, 410
Netherlands, 406
Spain, 397
Venice, 352-3
Mesopotamia, 56, _see_ Assyria
Metal work: in baldachinos, 371
of Germans, 305
of Moors, 309
Metope (Gloss.), Coloured, 136
Hellenic, 126
Metropolitan Museum, 42, 219
Mexico, primitive remains in, 19, 20
Mezzanine floors (Gloss.), 384, 403
Mihrab, the (Gloss.), 217, 221, 224
Milton, John, 435
Mimbar, 217
Minarets (Gloss.), Great Mosque, Ispahan, 229
Mosque of Mecca, 220, 221
Mosque of Sultan Barbouk, 224
Taj Mahal, 230
Miniaturists, the Anglo-Saxon, 257
Minnesingers, 302
Minoan Architecture, 95
Lion Gate, 88
Mycenæan remains, 98, 100
Palaces 90, 92, 99
of Cnossus, 91, 96-8
Ruins in Phrygia, 99
Tiryns, 100-102
Wall paintings, 93
Minoan Civilisation, 88-94
Confirmation of Greek legend of Crete, 90
Early period, 90
Middle and Late Periods, 91
Rediscovery of, 88-9
Minotaur, Legend of, 93
Moat, 17, 379
Modillions (Gloss.), 165
Mommsen, Professor, quoted, 151
Monasteries:
Dissolution of, 287, 411
Escoriál, in, 403, 404
Gothic, 286
Mediæval, 236-7
Mont Saint Michel, 254
Mosques equivalent to, 223
Mount Athos, 211
Norman, 258
San Marco, Fiesole, 344
Monoliths (Gloss.), 8, 15
Cyrus’ Palace, 81
Doorways at Tiryns, 102
Memphis, at 43
Sphinx Temples, in, 41
Monuments, at Abury, 17
Choragic, of Lysicrates, 131
Cleopatra’s Needles, 43
Milliarium, 158
Monument, The, London, 423
Propylæa, 121, 131, 141
Rostra, 158
Temple Bar, 423
Umbilicus, the, 157
Moors, influence of on Spanish Gothic, 308, 309
On Spanish Renaissance, 400, 403
Skill in metalwork, 398-9
Mosaics (Gloss.), Byzantine, 203
Cathedral of Monreale, 249
Early Christian, 197, 199
Great Mosque of Mecca, 225
Roman, 168, 181
S. Mark’s, 210
S. Paul’s, 421
Mosques: derivation, description of, name, 217
Ahmedabad, of, 229
Ahmedizeh, 228
Akbar, 230
Alhambra, of, 226
Amru, Cairo, 223
Bagdad, 229
Cordova, 225
Damascus, 205
Dome of the Rock, _see_ Omar
El-Aksah, Syria, 223
El-Walid, Damascus, 223
Great Mosque, Mecca, 217, 220
Hagia Sophia, Constantinople, 207-210, 228, 372
Ispahan, Great Mosque of, 229
Kalaoom, Egypt, 224
Omar, Great Mosque, Jerusalem, 223
S. Cristo de la Luz, 225
S. Maria la Bianca, 225
S. Sophia, _see_ Hagia Sophia
Suleimaniyeh, 228
Sultan Barbouk, 224
Sultan Hassan, 224
Sultan Mahomet II, 209
Teheran, Great Mosque of, 229
Mouldings:
Bead (Gloss.), 134
Cavetto, 47, 134
Colonial, 430
Cyma Recta, Reversa, 133
Doric, 125
Etruscan, 155
Egyptian, 47
Fillet, of, 134
Gothic, 272, 290, 299, 305
Guilloche, 129
Hellenic treatment of, 135, 165
Ionic, 128, 129
Norman, 257
Ovolo, 133
Rococo, 366
Roman, 165
Romanesque, 244, 245
Torus, of, 47, 134
Wreath, 134
Muhammed, 214-216
Learning encouraged by, 216, 218
Muhammedan Architecture, 220-231
Alhambra, of, 218, 226-7
Arcades, 221
Ceramics, 218
Cordova, at, 225
Domes, 221
Egypt, in, 223
India, in, 229-31
Minarets, 222
Mosques, 217, 220-2
Seville, in, 225-6
Spain, 224-7
Syria, 223
Toledo, 225
Muhammedan Civilisation, 212 _et seq._
Mullions (Gloss.), 290
Château de Blois, in, 380, 384
City Hall, Antwerp, 407
City Hall, Bremen, 395
English Renaissance, 414
Heidelberg, 394
Mural painting, _see_ Wall painting
Museums, 339-40
British, 438
Fitz-William, Cambridge, 438
Friedrichsbau, 394
Metropolitan, New York, 462
New Museum, Berlin, 440
Old Museum, Berlin, 440
Pinacothek, 440
Plantin-Moretus, 408
Mutule (Gloss.), 127, 164
Mycenæ, Architecture in, 14, 89-100
Fortifications, 98
Palaces, 89-102
Similarity to Etruscan, 155
Temples, 92, 101
N
Naos, _see_ Sanctuary (Gloss.)
Naples, Kingdom of, 323, 331
Narthex (Gloss.):
Early Christian churches, in, 194, 196
Roman temples, in, 177
S. Sophia, of, 209
San Ambrogio, of, 250
Nave (Gloss.):
Anglo-Saxon churches, 255, 256
Asymmetries in, 279
Early Christian churches, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 200
Gothic, churches, English, 289, 294
French, 281
German, 304
Netherlands, 308
Spanish, 309
Lombard, 251
Mediæval churches, 237
Norman, 256, 259
S. Mark’s, 209
S. Paul’s, 420
S. Peter’s, 194, 372, 373
S. Sophia, 208
Renaissance churches, 367
Romanesque, 241, 245, 249
Temples, Hellenic, 118, 140, 177-8
Nebuchadnezzar, 61
Netherland Architecture:
Antwerp, in, 406, 408
Bruges, 406
Carillons, 408-9
Ecclesiastical buildings, 307, 308
Guild Halls, 306-7, 408
Holland, 334, 409
Liège, 406
Malines, 406
Netherlands, History, of, 306
Relations with France, 331
Renaissance in, 333, 405-9
Newel post (Gloss.), 416
Niches (_see_ Mihrab):
Gothic, 275, 276
German, 304
Italian, 314
Netherlandish, 307
Heidelberg, at, 394
Muhammedan, 207, 222
Rheims, at, 283
Romanesque, 250
S. Paul’s, 422
Nile, the, 28, 30, 90
Inundated Temples of, 54
Landscapes in paintings at Cnossus, 96
Nîmes, Amphitheatre at, 175
Maison Carrée, 169
Pont-du-Gard, 183
Temple of Diana, 170
Nineveh, 59, 60, 61
Norman Architecture (Gloss.), 254-257
Nôtre Dame, Paris, 281-284
Nymphæum (Gloss.), 170
Muhammedan adaptation of, 217
Pantheon on site of, 171
Temple of Diana, 170
Temple of Minerva Medica, 207
O
Obelisks, 14
Cleopatra’s Needles, 43
Memphis, at, 43
Pellershaus, Nuremburg, 395, 396
Usertesen I, 43
Octastyle (Gloss.), 131
Odeion, the, 145
Pericles, of, 145
Skias, Sparta, 145
Œil-de-Bœuf, 384, 396
Office Buildings, 469-477
Woolworth Building, 471, 476
Ogee, _see_ Cyma Reversa
Ogival (Gloss.), 270
Olympic Festival, 110, 112
Opisthodomos (Gloss.), 140
Opus Sectile, _see_ Mosaics (Gloss.)
Opus Tessellatum, _see_ Mosaics (Gloss.)
Orders, the (Gloss.), 116, 117
Corinthian, 131
Doric, 118
Hellenic use of, 123
Ionic, 128
One Order Style, 350, 372
Renaissance, English, 415
Renaissance, French, 387, 388
Rococo, 388-9
Roman use of, 163
Sansovino’s use of, 356
Superimposed, 366, 372
Tuscan, 163
Wren’s steeples, on, 423
Organic growth (Gloss.), 11, 34, 140
Orientation (Gloss.):
Christian churches, 194
Mastabas, 41
Muhammedan Mosques, 217
Roman indifference to, 161
S. Peter’s, 372
Temples, Egyptian, 54
Temples, Hellenic, 121
Tombs at Abydos, 42
Ornament:
Assyrian, 69, 72
Baroque, 351
Byzantine, 199, 202, 211
Celtic, 18
Chaldæan, 72
Churrigueresque, 393, 405
Egyptian, 48, 53
Gothic, 275
English, 290
Italian, 312
Hellenic, 129-133, 171, 203
Italian Classic, 357, 393
Minoan, 102
Muhammedan, 216
Norman, 255
Oriental, 202-3
Perpendicular, 410
Persian, 84, 86, 87
Pierced, 415
Plateresque, 398-9, 400
Primitive, 18
in Mexico, 21
Renaissance English, 410-11-12, 414, 415, 417
German, 392-3
Netherlands, 407
Spanish, 402
Rococo, 366, 388-9, 393
Roman, 164-5, 168-9, 171, 203
Romanesque, 251, 260
Scandinavian, 251
Osirid piers, 53
Osiris, 50
Oxford, 257, 288, 293, 299, 419
P
Padan-Aram, 56
Pagan Revival, 325-328
Pagoda, The, 428
Painted Glass, 292
Painters:
Aretino, 354
Burkmair, 391
Chapman, John Gadsby, 447
Cimabue, 311
Claude, 332
Clouets, The, 332
Cornelius, Peter von, 440
David, Jacques Louis, 441-2
Del Sarto, 332
Dürer, 328, 391
Fra Angelico, 344
Hogarth, 133, 280
Holbein, 328
Isabey, Eugène, 379
Kaulbach, Wilhelm von, 440
Lebrun, 387
Leonardo da Vinci, 332, 397
Mabuse, 406
Matisse, 459
Michelangelo, 374, 397, 406
Niccolo dell’ Abbati, 382
Poussin, 332
Powell, William Henry, 447
Primaticcio, 332, 382
Puvis de Chavannes, 443
Raphael, 374, 397, 406
Reynolds, Sir Joshua, 293
Richmond, Sir William, 421
Rosso, Il, 382
Rubens, 417
Smibert, 430
Titian, 354, 417
Trumbull, John, 447
Vanderlyn, John, 447
Van Eycks, 333
Van Orley, 334, 406
Velasquez, 330
Weir, Robert Walter, 447
Palaces:
Alcala de Heñares, 400
Alcazar, the, 225
Alhambra, the, 218, 226, 403
Augustus’, Rome, 179
Babylon, 61
Balbi, 356
Barbarano, 352
Bevilacqua Palace, 355
Blenheim, 425
Brignole, 356
Ca d’Oro, 360-1
Cancellaria, 346, 362-4
Canossa, 355
Capitania, 352
Capitol Palaces, 350, 363-5
Caprarola, 348
Charles V, Alhambra, 402-3
Cnossus, 91, 96-8, 102
Conservatore, 363
Cornaro, 354
Ctesiphon, 228-9
Diocletian, Spalato, 180, 195, 428
Doria-Tursi, 356
Ducal, Venice, 210
Durazzo, 356
Ecbatana, at, 80
Escoriál, 403-5
Farnese, 348, 350, 363
Firuzabad, 228-9
Fontainebleau, 332, 382
Giraud, 346
Guardagni, 345
Gvimane, 355
Hagia Triada, 98
Hampton Court, 411
Hradschin, 355
Karnak, 54
Khorsabad, 60
Louvre, 382-6, 407, 419, 444
Luxembourg, 386
Massimi, 348
Medinet Abou, 54
Muhammedan Palaces, 218
Mycenæ, at, 89, 100
Nimroud, at, 67
Nineveh, at, 59
Palazzo del Te’, 347
Pallavacini, 356
Pandolfini, 347
Pasargadæ, 75, 81, 84
Persepolis, Darius’ Palace, 76, 82-5
Pesaro, 356, 366
Phæstus, 91, 98
Pitti, 344, 386
Pompeii, 355
Rezzonico, 356
Riccardi, 344, 358-60
Sargon’s Castle, 67
Serbistan, 228-9
Strozzi, 345
Susa, 80, 86
Tiryns, 91, 100-2
Tuilleries, 383, 444
Vecchio, Palazzo, 342, 358-60
Vendramini, 354, 360-3
Versailles, 387-9
Whitehall, 418
Xerxes II, 76, 85-7
Zaporta, Casa de, 400
Zwinger, Dresden, 393
Palatine Hill, 159
Paneling, Gothic, English, 291
Italian, 314
Renaissance, English, 416
French, 380
German, 393
Pansa, House of, 181
Pantheon, Rome, 171-3
Burial place of Raphael, 348
Columns in, 164
Dome, 167
Eye of, 172, 208
Influence on Byzantine, 207
Roof, 122, 168
Studied by Brunelleschi, 342
Papier-maché ornament (Gloss.), 387-9
Parapets (Gloss.), 307
English Renaissance, in, 414
Italian Gothic, 314
Paris:
Arc de l’Étoile, 443
Arc de Triomphe, 443
École des Beaux Arts, 444
Fontainebleau, 322, 382
Hôtel des Invalides, 387-8
La Trinité, 452
Library of S. Genéviève’s, 444
Louvre, 382-6, 407, 418, 419, 444
Luxembourg, 386
Madeleine, 443
Nôtre Dame, 281-4, 302
Opera House, 444
Palais de Justice, 444
Panthéon, 388, 442-3
Place du Carrousel, 383, 443-4
Place Vendome, 387
Replanned, 444
Sacré-Cœur, 452
Sainte Chapelle, 285, 296
S. Clothilde, 452
S. Genéviève, Panthéon, 388, 442-3
Tuilleries, the, 383, 444
Val-de-Grâce, 387
Versailles, 387
Parthenon, the, 8, 119
Asymmetries in, 137-8
Columns, 124, 141
Intercolumniation, 125
Metope, 127
Parthenon proper, 140-1
Peristyle, 117
Preservation of, 193
Statue of Athene in, 140
Turks destroy, 138
Pasargadæ, 75, 81, 84
Patio, _see_ Court (Gloss.)
Pavilions (Gloss.):
Antwerp City Hall, 406
de l’Horloge, 385, 407
English Renaissance in, 414
Holkam Hall, 426
Luxembourg, of, 387
Medinet Abou, of, 54
Sully, 385
Pedestals, 127
Greek Drama, use in, 142
Renaissance, 369, 370
Pediment (Gloss.):
Asymmetries in, 137
Balustrade substituted for, 364
Broken, 370
Colonial wooden, 430-2
Doric, 127
Heidelberg, at, 394
Louvre, in, 386
Maison Carrée in, 170
Minoan architecture, in, 100
Palazzo Vecchio, in windows, 360
Pellershaus in, 396
Persian use of, 81
Renaissance use of, 368-70, 384
S. Maria dei Miracole, 353
S. Paul’s, 421
Sculpture in, 135
Segmental Pediment, 384
Villa Rotonda, in, 352
Peloponnesus, architecture in, 89-98
Pendentives (Gloss.), 167-8
Domes, in, 204-6, 209
Mogul use, 230
Muhammedan use, 221
Renaissance use, 343, 368, 420
Romanesque, 252
Vaults, in, 259
Pennethorne, John, Asymmetries, discovered by, 136
Penrose, Francis Cranmer, 136
Peripteral (Gloss.), 53, 120, 170
Peristyle (Gloss.):
Colosseum, of, 174
Early Christian tombs, of, 198
Egyptian, 44, 50
Hellenic, 117, 120, 122, 177
Panthéon dome, in, 442
Parthenon, 117
Renaissance use, 346, 368
S. Paul’s, of, 420-22
S. Peter’s, 373
Temple at Syracuse, 193
Perpendicular Gothic, 271, 275, 287, 290, 295
Persepolis, 76, 82-4
Persia:
Alliance with Babylon, 75
Civilisation, 74-9
Conquered by Greeks, 108, 145
Darius, 83-5
Destruction by Alexander, 76, 77
Zoroaster, 78
by Muhammedans, 215, 220, 228
Persian Architecture, 80 _et seq._
Minarets, 222
Muhammedan palaces, 228-9
Palace of Cyrus, 81
Darius, 83-5
Pasargadæ, at, 75, 81, 84
Xerxes, of, 85-6
Persepolis, buildings at, 82
Pottery, 218
Tombs, 75, 83
Peru, primitive ornament in, 18
Inca remains in, 19
Petrarch, 324-5, 331, 341
Piano Nobile (Gloss.), 360, 363
Piazza, 351, 371
Pictures:
English Renaissance Houses, in, 416
Giralda, of, 225
Gothic Cathedrals in, 278
Provincial Museum, in, 226
“Oath of the Horatii, The,” 441
Piers (Gloss.), Anglo-Saxon, 254
Asymmetries in setting, 279-80
Campanile, in, 252
Château de Blois, in, 380
Egyptian Temples, in, 41, 52-3
Gothic use, 258, 272, 284-5, 304, 314, 345, 368
Hagia Sophia, in, 208
Hôtel des Invalides, in, 388
Lombard Churches, in, 251
Norman use, 255, 256, 257
Provincial use, 252
Osirid piers, 53
Romanesque, 241, 242, 244, 245, 250, 273
Roman use, 166-7, 175
S. Paul’s, in, 420
S. Peter’s, in, 371
Suggestion in sky scrapers, 474
Pilasters (Gloss.):
Colonial, 431
Gothic, 284
Renaissance, English, 415, 418
French, 380, 381, 384-6
German, 392, 394, 396
Italy, 350, 361, 364, 366, 368, 372
Netherlandish, 407
Spanish, 402
Pillars, 92
Cretan palaces, in, 96-8
Hindu, 230
S. Simon Stylites, of, 200
Pinnacles (Gloss.), 273, 312, 314
Pisa, 246-9
Plain of Shinar, 56
Plans: ground and floor, 10
Alhambra, of, 226-7
Anglo-Saxon, 255
Basilicas, of, 177
Benedictine Abbey, Cluny, 253
Casa Lonja, 401-2
Cathedral of Angoulême, 252-3
Cologne, 303
Château, de Blois, 380
De Chambord, 381
Circular, 197
City Hall, Antwerp, 407
Colosseum, 174
Curvature of, 137-8
Cyrus’ Palace, 82
Darius’ Palace, 83, 85
Diana, Temple of, 170
Diocletian’s Palace Spalato, 180
Egyptian, Palaces, 45-50
English, 289
Erechtheion, 141
Escoriál, 403-4
French Châteaux, 377
Gothic, 277
Hagia Sophia, 208
Hellenic Theatres, 143-4
Hôtel des Invalides, 388
House of Pansa, 181
Houses of Parliament, 451
Howard Castle, 425
Karnak, Temple at, 50
Khorsabad, Palace, 72
Louvre, The, 383
Luxembourg, 386-7
Maison Carrée, 169
Mediæval Monasteries, 237
Mosques, 217;
of Akbar, 230
Octagonal Plans, 121
Palazzo, Ca d’Oro, 361
Caprarola, 348
Riccardi, 358-60
Vecchio, 358-60
Vendramini, 360-3
Palace of Charles V, 402-3
Panthéon, Paris, 442
Polygonal plans, 197
Propylæa, of, 141
Renaissance, 414
Roman forum, 159
Roman temple, 169
S. Andrea, Mantua, 368
S. Francisco, Rimini, 345
S. Front, 252-3
S. Maria della Salute, 356
S. Mark, Venice, 209
S. Paul, London, 420
S. Paul-without-the-wall, 196
S. Peter’s, 370-1
S. Simeon Stylites, 200
S. Zaccaria, 353
Santiago de Compostello, 259
Sky-scrapers, 472
Sphinx Temple, 41
Taj Mahal, 231
Tiryns, Palace at, 100
Villa Rotondo, 352
Whitehall, 418
Wren’s plan of London, 420
Plate tracery, 274, 290
Platforms, 65, 66, 67
Greek Theatre, of, 144
Muhammedan mosque, of, 217
Persian, 81, 85
Roman forum, in, 158
Stylobate, 122
Taj Mahal, of, 231
Plateresque style, 398-400
Plinth (Gloss.), 52, 99, 129, 164, 245
Podium (Gloss.), _see_ Stylobate, 156, 169-70
Colosseum, of, 174-5
Roman Tombs, of, 198
Polished Stone Age, 17, 18, 19, 95
Pope, Alexander, quoted, 427, 436
Porch, at Abydos, 42
Bank of England, 438
Chartres, at, 269
Cologne, City Hall, 395
Colonial, 431
Doric, 121
English Gothic, 290
Portals, _see_ Doorways
Porticoes:
Anglo-Palladian use, 424-426
Capitol, Washington, 446
Colonial use, 431-2
Darius’ Palace, 83, 85
Early Christian Churches, 193
Ecbatana, at, 80
Greek Theatre, of, 144
Hellenic use, 116, 120-2, 131, 141
Panthéon, Paris, 443
Pasargadæ, 82
Renaissance, 353, 365
Spanish, 400-1
Roman use, 169, 171, 181
S. George’s Hall, Liverpool, 439
Tiryns, at, 101
Treasury Building, Washington, 446
White House, 446
Xerxes Palace, in, 86
Post and beam or lintel (Gloss.), 8, 14, 16
Pot Metal (Gloss.), 292
Pottery, 218
Etruscan, 155
Mycenæan, 97
Presbytery, 289
Primitive Ornament, 18
Structures, 8, 12
Printing invented, 322
Projections (Gloss.), use of, 133, 179, 312, 365
Pro-naos, _see_ Vestibule (Gloss.)
Proportion (Gloss.), 11, 134
Propylæa (Gloss.), 85, 101, 121, 131, 141
Proscenium, or proskenion (Gloss.), 144, 145, 176
Prostylar (Gloss.), 120
Provence, 235, 238, 241, 252, 331
Ptolemaic period, 53
Pulpits, Muhammedan, 217
Puritan influence, 336, 430
Pylons (Gloss.), Assyrian, 68
Byzantine, 208
Egyptian, 48, 50
Pyramidal Dome, 404
roof, 252, 414
Pyramids (Gloss.), 14
Cheops, 34, 39
Chephren, 34, 39
Gizeh, 34, 39, 40
Medun, 66, 67
Menkara, 34, 39
Nebo, 62, 67
Primitive, 14
Sakkarah, 34
Truncated, 48
Q
Quadriga (Gloss.), 179
Quatrefoil (Gloss.), 316
Quattrocento (Gloss.), 338, 340
Queen post (Gloss.), 296
Quoins (Gloss.), 348
R
Ra, Egyptian deity, 30
Rabelais, 329
Racine, 439
Raleigh, Sir Walter, 336
Ramasseum, 46-50
Ramp (Gloss.), 66, 68, 85
Ravenna, 201
Baptistry, 201
Church of S. Apollinare-in-Classe, 201
S. Apollinare Nuovo, 201
S. Vitale, 202
Tomb of Galla Placidia, 201
Rawlinson, Henry, translator of cuneiform script, 57
Rayonnant Gothic (Gloss.), 271, 282, 285-6, 287
Rectangular Gothic, _see_ Perpendicular
Refinements (Gloss.), 136, 140, _see_ Assymmetries
Reformation, The, 328, 332, 335, 337
Regula (Gloss.), 126
Reja, _see_ screen (Gloss.)
Religious Orders, growth of, 236
Renaissance, The (Gloss.):
America, influence of, in, 429
Anglo-classical style, 425
Architects, importance of, 339
Architecture derived from Rome, 183
Baroque style, 351
Beaux Arts training founded on, 463
Bohemia, in, 355
Châteaux, 377-88
Churrigueresque style, 393, 405
Classic influence, 340, 402
Counter Reformation, 329, 330
Elizabethan style, 410, 413
Flamboyant style, 285-6
Flemish, Renaissance, 405-9
Florence, architects of, 342-4
France, Renaissance in, 331
Germany, in, 327, 391-6
Giralda, Tower of, 225
Gothic, compared to, 366
Gothic despised by, 366
Great Britain, in, 410-28
Holland, in, 409
Incongruities in, 360-70
Interiors, 415
Italy, in, 333, 338
Jacobean style, 410, 412-13, 415
Paganism of, 326
Palazzo Vecchio, 315, 358
Plateresque style, 398
Point of view of artists, 357-9, 373-4
Queen Anne style, 424
Reaction from, 435
Reformation, the, 328
Reversion to, 444
Roman Architecture, basis of, 346, 351
Sky scrapers of Renaissance design, 473
Spain in, 329, 397-405
Tours, School of, 376
Tuscan Romanesque, compared to, 369
Venetian architects, 352
Retablos (Gloss.), 309
Retrochoir (Gloss.), 289, 295, 298
Revett and Stuart’s Classic exploration, 436
Revolution, French, 333
Rhenish Confederation, 331
Rhythm in architecture (Gloss.), 11, 134
Ribs:
In vaulting (Gloss.), 242
Diagonal, 250, 272, 294
Lierne, 294
Longitudinal, 294
Louvre, in pavilion of, 385
Tierceron, 294
Transverse rib, 294
S. Peter’s, in dome of, 373
Rococo style (Gloss.), 333, 389-90
French, 375, 389-90
German, 391, 393
Venetian, 366
Roman Augustine Age, 151
Attempt to revive Empire, 232
Barbarian invasions, 157
Christianity in, 157
Citizenship, 147-8
Civilisation, 147-162
Etruscans, 156
Exponents of order, 149
Great era of building, 152, 156
Holy Roman Empire, 321
Provinces, 148, 152
Renaissance, 323-7, 346-352
Roman Writers, 150
Sacked by Germans, 347, 354
Roman Architecture 163-183
Amphitheatres, 174
Aqueducts, 182
Arch, the, 166
Arch, Triumphal, 178
Basilicas, 177
Baths, 176
Bridges, 182
Circuses, 173
Colosseum, 174
Columns, 169, 170, 171, 178
Composite order, use of, 165
Concrete, use of, 153
Corinthian order, 164
Decoration of Walls, 168-9
Domestic buildings, 180
Influence on Byzantine, 202
Persian, 152
Romanesque, 170, 180, 183
Maison Carrée, Nîmes, 169
Masonry of, 153
Mosaics, 168
Nymphæum, 170
Orders, the, 163-166
Ornament, 169
Palaces, 179
Revival of influence, 437
Rotundas, 170, 171, 198
Temples, 169-173
Theatres, 175-6
Tombs, 198
Training in, at Écoles des Beaux Arts, 463
Vaulting, 167, 243
Villas, 180-1
Romanesque Architecture, 241-260
Arcading, 244-5, 307
Arch, the, 245
Chêvet, the, 241-2
Doors, 245, 254
England, in, 254
Exteriors, 245
France, in, 252
Influence in French Gothic, 282
Germany, 301
Italy, in, 313, 315
Central, 246-249
Northern, 249-251
Southern, 249
Origin of, 170, 180, 183, 212
Originates Gothic, 270, 271, 276
Period of, 232
Rhenish Provinces, in, 257, 307
Rib Vaulting, 243
Roman principles in, 241
Spain, in, 259-60
Tuscany, in, 367
Variations in, 240
Windows, 245, 251
Rome:
Anio Novus Aqueduct, 183
Aqua Claudia, 183
Arch of Cæsar Augustus, 160
Constantine, 159, 178
Janus, 159
Septimus Severus, 161, 178
Titus, 159, 178
Basilicas, Æmilia, 160, 177
Fulvia, 177
Julia, 160, 177
Maxentius or Constantine, 177
Porcia, 177
Ulpia, 177
Baths, of Agrippa, 176
Caracalla, 176
Commodus, 176
Constantine, 176
Diocletian, 176
Domitian, 176
Nero, 176
Titus, 176
Bridges, 182
Capitoline Hill, 158
Circus, Maxentius, 173
Maximus, 173
Colosseum, 174-5
Columns of Victory, 178
Comitium, 158
Curia, 158
Etruscan Museum, 348
Forum Boarium, 170
Romanum, 157-8, 170
Il Gesu, 349
Milliarium, 158
Nymphæum, 170
Palaces of Augustus, 179
Cancellaria, 346
Capitol, 350, 363-5
Caprarola, 348
Farnese, 348
Massimi, 348
Pandolfini, 347
Pantheon, 122, 164, 167, 168, 170, 171, 348, 372
Rotunda, The, 171
S. Clemente, 195
S. John Lateran, 194, 198
S. Lorenzo in Miranda, 347
S. Maria della Grazie, 346
S. Paul-without-the-Walls, 196-7
S. Peter’s, 194, 346-7, 349-50, 370-4
S. Pietro in Montorio, 346
S. Stefano Rotondo, 198
Tabularium, the, 161
Temples, 169
Castor and Pollux, 160
Circular, 176-7
Divinities Male and Female, 158
Mater Matuta, 170, 171
Minerva Medica, 207
Saturn, 160, 164
Tomb of Cæcilia Metella, 173
Constanza, 198
Trajan’s Column, 179, 348
Umbilicus, the, 157
Villa Farnesina, 347
Madama, 347
Roodloft (Gloss.), 237
Roofs, 46, 47, 53
Arch-braced, 297
Assyrian treatment of, 71
Byzantine, 198
Colonial, 431-2
Decorative treatment of, 396
Dome roofs, 71
Etruscan, 155
Gothic, in England, 293, 296-7, 299
German, 304-5
Italian, 314
Netherlands, 307
Hammer-beam, 297
Hip roof, 385, 432
Lombard, 252
Louvre, of the, 384-5
Luxembourg, of the, 387
Mansard, 385-6, 431
Mediæval, 196, 198, 241
Muhammedan, 228
Primitive, 14-15, 20
Queen Anne Style, 424
Renaissance, English, 414, 428
German, 392, 395
Netherlandish, 407, 408
Spanish, 403
Stone roof, 199
Tie-beam, 296
Trussed-rafter, 296
Wooden roof, 196, 246, 256, 296
Rosetta Stone, 27
Rosettes, _see_ Decorative motives
Rose Windows (Gloss.), 271, 282
Rostra, the, 158
Rostrum of Julius Cæsar, 160
Rough Stone Age, 18
Rugs, Persian, 219
“Ruins of the Palace of Diocletian,” by Robert Adam, 428
S
Sanctuary of, Early Christian churches, 194, 196
Egyptian Temples, 49, 50, 53
Gothic Churches, 289
Hellenic Temples, 120, 141
Spanish Renaissance churches, 401
Saracenic, _see_ Muhammedan
Sardinia, Mycenæan remains in, 89, 90
Sargon, Akkadian King, 57, 58
Assyrian King, 60
Sarzac, Professor de, discoveries by, 67
Sassanian Empire, 77, 205, 229
Schiller, 439
Schliemann, Dr., Mycenæan discoveries by, 88, 100
Schools, Divinity, Oxford, 295, 299
École des Beaux Arts, 379, 444, 453
Grammar, in England, 412
Scuolo de S. Marco, 354
Scotia (Gloss.), 129, 164
Screens (Gloss.):
Gothic Choir, 275, 291
English, 291, 298
Spanish, 309
Mediæval Churches, 237
Muhammedan, 218
S. Sophia, 208
Temples of Egypt, 54
Temple of Hera, 118
Screen Walls, 377
Blenheim, at, 425
Château de Chambord at, 381
S. Clemente, Rome, 195
Scrolls, _see_ Volutes
Sculptors:
Bartlett, Paul W., 446
Berruguete, 402, 405
Borromini, The, 351
Cellini, Benvenuto, 332, 382
Churriguera, 405
Crawford, Thomas, 446, 447
Giotto, 312, 319
Goujon, Jean, 332, 385
Maderna, Carlo, 351
Majano, Giovanni, 411
Michelangelo, 349-51, 405
Pheidas, 111, 140
Pilon, 332
Pisano, Andrea, 312, 319
Praxiteles, 118
Robbia, Lucca della, 312
Rude, François, 443
Sansovino, Andrea, 354
Sansovino, Jacopo, 354
Sarrazin, Jacques, 385
Torrigiano, 411
Vigarni de Borgoña, 401
Vischer, Peter, 391
Vriendt, Cornelius de, 407
Sculpture:
Amenopheum, The, 45
Assyria, in, 65
Baroque, 351
Bulls, Colossal, 69
Egypt, of, 40, 41, 48, 75
Gothic, 276, 278
French, 269, 283
German, 304
Italian, 309, 312, 316
Netherlands, 307
Lombardy, in, 251
Osirid, 50
Pediment of Capitol, Washington, 446
Phrygian, 99
Relief, in Assyria, 71, 131
Bronze, 171
Byzantine use of, 203
Chartres, at, 269
Doric metope, in, 135
Gothic, 276, 312
Hellas, in, 127
Ionic cornices, in, 130
Medallion of Popes, 196
Mycenæ, in, 98
Tiryns, in, 102
Trajan’s Column, on, 179
Versailles, at, 387
Secondary Style, _see_ Rayonnant
Semiramis, Hanging gardens of, 62
Semitic races, 56, 58, 74
Serdab (Gloss.), 41
Seville: The Alcazar, 225
Casa Lonja, 401-2
Giralda, the, 225
Plateresque in, 398
Sewers, 152.
The Cloaca Maxima, Rome, 156
Shaft (Gloss.), of column, 123
Corinthian treatment of, 131
Doge’s palace columns, 316
Fluted, 87, 124
Greek treatment of, 124, 125
Ionic treatment, 129
Proportions of, 134, 135
Romanesque, 245
Roman treatment of, 164
Sky-scraper, suggestions of, in, 474
Shakespeare, 330, 336, 410, 439
Shalmaneser, King of Assyria, 59, 60, 75
Sicily:
Cathedral of, Monreale, Palermo, 249
Cathedral of Syracuse, 193
Muhammedan conquest of, 215
Romanesque, in, 249
Sidney, Sir Philip, 336
Silversmiths:
Antonio Arphe, 398
Enrique Arphe, 398
Juan Arphe, 398
Skene, the, 144
Sky-scrapers, 472-5
Soffit (Gloss.), 127
Solar (Gloss.), 416
Sole Piece, 297
Sophia, Hagia, (S.), 207, 209
South Sea Islands, ornament in, 18
Spandrel or Spandril (Gloss.):
Cancellaria, of, 363
Library of S. Mark’s, 365
S. Peter’s, 373
Spain, Architecture in:
Alcala de Heñares, 400
Alcazar, Seville, 225,
Alhambra, 218, 226-7, 403
Bridge of Cordova, 182
Bridge of Toledo, 182
Burgos, 400-1
Cordova, 182, 398
Escoriál, 403-5
Giralda, the, 225
Gothic, 271
Granada, 401
Influence on Netherlands, 406
Madrid, 403
Malaga, 401
Mosque of Cordova, 224, 225
Muhammedan, 212, 215, 220, 224-7
Mycenæan remains in, 89-90
Plateresque style, 398-9
Renaissance, 329, 398-405
Romanesque, 259-60
Salamanca, 401
Santiago, 398
Saragossa, 401
Seville, 302, 309, 371, 398
Toledo, 182, 308, 398
Valladolid, 398, 401
Spain, History of, 212, 213, 326-7, 397
Sparta, 128
“Speculum Universale,” 266-8, 312
Spencer, 336
Sphinx (Gloss.), Avenue of, 51
Temple, 41
The Great, 38
Spires (Gloss.):
Antwerp, 308
Brussels Town Hall, 307
Colonial, 431
English, 274
Gothic decorated, 275
English, 289, 298
French, 282
German, 303
Houses of Parliament, 451
Woolworth Building, 476
Worms, at, 259
Wren’s Churches, 423
Spirals, 165, 179
Square, the, 85
Squinch (Gloss.), 230, 259
Stained Glass, 275-278
Gothic, English, 291-2
German, 305
Methods of using, 291-2
Musée Plantin-Moretus, 40S
Sainte Chapelle, Paris, 285
Stairs:
Capitol, Washington, 446
Casa Lonja, 402
Chaldæan, 66
Château de Blois, 380
Château de Chambord, 380-1
Colonial, 432
Doric Temples, 121
Egyptian temples, 44
Golden Staircase, the, 400-1
Leaning Tower, Pisa, in, 247-8
Machu Picchu, 20
Persepolis, at, 85
Pyramids, in, 39
Queen Anne entrances, of, 426
Renaissance, English, 416
German, 392
Spanish, 400
Roman Podium, of, 156
Sargon’s Castle, 68
Trajan’s Column, 179
Stalactite work, 222, 224, 227
Stalls (Gloss.), of chancel, 237
Stanze Apartments, 374
Statues:
Arches, on, 179
Athene, in Parthenon, 140
Baroque, 351
Cella, in Hellenic, 140
Chaldæan, 65
Chartres Cathedral, on, 269
Cheops, of, 40
Coloured, 136
Dome of Capitol, Washington, on, 447
Giralda, S. Faith, 225
Gothic Cathedrals, on, 276-8
German, 304
Italy, 312, 314
Netherlands, 307
Spain, 309
Hermes of Praxiteles, 118
Louvre, on, 385
Marseillaise, La, 443
Michelangelo, by, 350, 364
Palace of Rezzonico, in, 356
Renaissance, English, 411
German, 392, 396
S. John, by Michelangelo, 344
S. Maria della Salute, of, 356
S. Peter’s in, 372
Temple of Diana, Nîmes, 170
Trajan’s Column, on, 179
Tympanum, in Hellenic, 135
Zeus, of, 111
Steel Construction, 461, 470, 471, 473, 478
Steeples (Gloss.), 423
Stele (Gloss.), 14, 132
Stone, use of:
Arches, single stone, 199
Crosses, 18
Cut stone of Persia, 81
Egyptian use of large, 41
Italy, in, 154
Mediæval, in, 241
Obelisks, 43
Polished stone, 18, 19
Primitive use of large, 8, 13, 14, 15, 20
Pyramids, in, 40
Rough Stone age, 18
Sacrificial, 16, 20
Steel construction, in, 473
Stonehenge, 8, 16, 100
Stories, division into:
Arcades, in, 229
Byzantine use, 208, 209
Casa Lonja, in, 402
Escoriál, in, 404
Gothic, German, 306
Italian, 312
Netherlands, 307
Michelangelo’s treatment of, 350
Renaissance, English, 414, 418 421
French, 354, 360, 363, 364
Renaissance use, Netherlands, 407
Sky scrapers, in, 474
Temple of Nippur, in, 66
Wren’s Steeples, in, 423
Strains, 15
Carried by columns, 124
Gothic, 271-2, 285
Hellenic recognition of, 135
Vaulting, in, 166, 270
Stretchers and headers (Gloss.), 424
String course:
Gothic, Italian, 312, 314
Netherlands, 306
Palazzo Vecchio, 360
Queen Anne style, 424
Renaissance, Venetian, 361
Stuart and Revett, discoveries by 436
Stucco, use of (Gloss.):
Doric Temples, in, 121
Egypt, use in, 55
Greek use of, 122
Renaissance, 352
English, 417
German, 393
Venetian, 361
Rococo use of, 389
Tiryns, in, 102
Styles:
Anglo-Classical, 410, 424
Chinese, 428
Churrigueresque, 393, 405
Colonial, 430
Elizabethan, 410
Georgian, 427, 430
Jacobean, 410
Palladian, 368, 370, 402, 418, 424
Plateresque, 398-9, 400
Portico, 424
Queen Anne, 424, 427, 430
Queen Anne Revival, 458
Stylobate (Gloss.):
Asymmetries in, 137
Doric, 122
Ionic, 128
Panthéon, Paris, 443
Parthenon, 138
S. George’s Hall, Liverpool, 438
S. Paul’s, 421
Stylus, use of, 57
Subjective point of view, 4
Symonds, John Addington, 329
Syria, 199
Architectural remains in, 199
Cathedral of Borah, 200
Churches, Kalb-Lauzeh, 200
S. George, Esrah, 200
Turmanin, 200
S. Simeon Stylites, 200
Conquered by Muhammedans, 215
Influence on Byzantine, 202
Mosques:
Dome of the Rock, or, Mosque of Omar, 223
El-Aksah, 223
El-Walid, Damascus, 223
T
Tabernacles (Gloss.), German Gothic, 305
Spanish Renaissance, 398
Tabernæ, in Rome, 159
Taconia, 126
Tampa Tocco, ruins at, 19
Tel-el-Amarna, Ruins at, 55
Temples:
Abydos, at, 53
Agrigentum, 119
Ammon, 51
Aphrodisias, Caria, 193
Apollo at Bassæ, 123
at Miletus, 122
at Naucratis, 128
Assos, at, 126
Athene, at Ægina, 119
Athene Nike, 119, 141-2
Cæsar, 160
Castor and Pollux, 160, 164
Chons, 51
Concord, of, 161
Corinth, at, 118
Costa Rica, ruins at, 20
Deir-el-Bahri, 44
Delos, in, 119
Delphi, at, 119
Diana, 170
Diocletian’s Palace, in, 180
Edfou, at, 54
Egyptian, plans of, 46-50
Erechtheion, The, 121, 129, 131, 136, 141, 165, 193, 436, 438
Etruscan, 155
Hellenic, plans of, Early, 119
Later, 121-123
Hera, of, 111, 117
Hyperboreans, of the, 17
Jerusalem, at, 79, 223
Jupiter, Capitoline, 156, 158
Karnak, at, 44, 50
Luxor, at, 51, 53
Madeleine, The, modelled on, 443
Maison Carrée, 169
Mater Matuta, 170, 171
Medinct Abou, at, 139
Mexico, in, 20
Michelangelo’s adaptations of, 364-5
Minerva Medica, 207
Minoan, no temples, 92
Nebo, at, 62, 67
Nineveh, at, 60
Nippur, at, 66
Olympia, of, 119
Pantheon, Rome, 122, 164, 167-8, 170-1, 348, 372
Parthenon, the, 8, 119, 125, 127, 137, 138, 140, 436
Pasargadæ, at, 75
Philæ, at, 53
Phœbus Apollo, of, 118
Poseidon, of, 118, 119, 125
Rameses II, of, 45
Saturn, 160, 164
Seti II, of, 51
Sippar, at, 57
Sphinx, The Great, 38, 41
Tampu Tocco, 19
Theseum, 119, 193
Tholos, Epidauros, 121, 131
Uri, at, 139
Vesta, Rome, 160, 170
Vesta, Tivoli, 170, 171
Zeus, 111, 122
at Agrigentum, 118, 119
Olympian, 119, 120, 122
Selinas, 119
Tænia (Gloss.), 126
Terraces (Gloss.):
Babylon, Gardens of, 61
Châteaux, of, 379
Machu Picchu, of, 20
Nippur, of, 66
Pasargadæ, of, 81
Persepolis, of, 85
Renaissance examples, 374
S. George’s Hall, Liverpool, 438
Sargon’s Castle, of, 68
Tampu Tocco, 19
Tenochtitlan, of, 20
Versailles, of, 387
Xerxes’ Palace, of, 85
Terracotta (Gloss.):
Etruscans, use by, 155
Renaissance, in, 411
Romans, use by, 168, 182
Roof construction, use in, 122
Steel construction, use in, 473
Tertiary Style, _see_ Flamboyant
Tessera (Gloss.), 168
Tetrastyle (Gloss.), 121
Thatched roofs, 155
Theatres:
Dionysos, of, 143
Ducal theatre, Weimar, 439
Epidauros in Argolis, 143
Federal Street Theatre, Boston, 448
Hellenic Theatres, 142, 145, 173, 175
Marcellus, of, 164
Orange, at, 176
Roman, 173
Royal Theatre, Berlin, 440
Sheldonian, Oxford, 419
Teatro Olympico, 352
Vitruvius’ description of, 144
Thermæ, _see_ Baths
Thessaly, remains at, 89
Thirteenth Century Gothic, _see_ Gothic, Primary
Thrust (Gloss.), 15
Basilicas, in, 178
Gothic, in, 273
Mansard roof, in, 385
Muhammedan arches, 221
Roman arches, in, 166, 170
Vaulting, in, 242, 244, 253
Tiglath-Pileser, Assyrian kings, 59, 60
Tiles (Gloss.):
Alhambra, use in, 227
Assyria, in, 68, 72, 97
Chaldæan, 68
Domes, in, 207
Doric Temples, in, 121, 122, 123
Early Christian churches, in, 201
Greek use, 122
Muhammedan use of, 222
Persian use of, 86, 97, 218, 229
Renaissance, English, 414
Roman use of, 168
Temple of Hera, roof of, 118
Turkish use of, 228
Tiryns, Prehistoric civilisation of, 88
Architecture, 98, 100-2
Resemblance to Etruscan, 155
Tivoli, Temple of Vesta, in, 170-1
Villa of Hadrian, 180-1
Tombs:
Abydos, at, 42
Agamemnon, of, 100
Altun Obu, at, 14
Amenopheum, the, 45
Artaxerxes, of, 76, 82
Atreus, of, 124
Barrows, 13, 14
Beehive, 15, 99
Cæcilia Metella, of, 173
Cassandra, of, 100
Cathedrals, in, 299
Constanza, of, 198
Cyrus, of, 81
Darius I, of, 82-4
Darius II, of, 76, 82
Dolmen, 14
Egyptian Middle Empire, of, 42
Escoriál, of the, 403
Etruscan, 155
Galla Placidia, Rome, 201
Henry VII, Westminster, of, 411
Lycia, in, 99, 130
Mahmud Bijapur, of, 230
Mastabas, 41
Midas, of, 130
Minoan, 90
Muhammedan, 217, 222
Mycenæan, 99
Myra, at, 99
Pasargadæ, at, 75, 81
Persepolis, at, 76, 82
Phrygia, at, 99
Primitive, 14
Queen Hatasu, of, 45
Rameses III, of, 45
Ramesseum, The, 45
S. Sebald, of, 391
Sheik Omar, of, 222
Suleiman and Roxelana, of, 228
Taj Mahal, the, 217, 230
Theban Empire, of, 42
Tholos, the, 99
Wolsey, Cardinal, of, 411
Wren, Sir Christopher, of, 423
Xerxes, of, 82
Torus (Gloss.), pl. Tori, 47
Cnossus, in fresco at, 123
Corinthian, 164
Doric, 124
Ionic, 129
Tours, School of, 376
Towers:
Anglo-Saxon, 254
Angoulême, at, 253
Antwerp Cathedral, 308
Babel, 62
Babylon, 61
Cathedral del Pillar, 401
Châteaux, 378
de Blois, 380
de Chambord, 381
Church of Apostles, Cologne, 259
Cologne Cathedral, 303
Diocletian’s Palace, 180
Durham Cathedral, 256
Earl’s Barton Church, 255
Escoriál, the, 404
Giralda, The, 225
Gothic, English, 274, 289, 298
Netherlandish, 307
Houses of Parliament, 451
Layer Marney, Essex, 411
Madison Square Garden, New York, 226
Malines Cathedral, 408
Nôtre Dame, Paris, 282
Palazzo Vecchio, 359
Renaissance, English, 414
Renaissance, German, 392
Rheims Cathedral, 282
Romanesque, 244
S. Ouen’s, 286
S. Paul’s, 421
Saragossa, La Seo, 401
Sargon’s Castle, 67-8
Town Hall, Brussels, 307
Turmanin Church, 200
Wind, of the, Athens, 121
Woolworth Building, 476
Worms Cathedral, 258
Wren’s Churches, 423
Trabeated (Gloss.), 8
Tracery (Gloss.):
Branch, 305
Double, 304
Early English, 290, 291
Gothic, German, 303, 304
Italian, 310, 312
Netherlandish, 307
Milan, in, 314
Plate, 274-5
Renaissance, French, 378
Transepts (Gloss.):
Cathedrals, English, 289, 298
Cologne Cathedral, 303
Cologne, Church of Apostles, 259
Early Christian Churches, 194
Milan, S. Maria della Grazie, 346
Norwich Cathedral, 246
Nôtre Dame, Paris, 281
S. Paul’s Cathedral, 420-1
Pisa, Cathedral, 247
Romanesque Churches, 241, 244
Santiago de Compostello, 260
Tournai, Cathedral, 307
Worms Cathedral, 258
Transoms (Gloss.), 290
Château de Blois, 380
English Renaissance, 414
Transverse beams (Gloss.), 8
Travertine (Gloss.), use of, 154, 175, 362
“Treatise on Civil Architecture,” (Sir William Chambers), 427
Trefoils, 290, 316
Triada, Palace at, 98
Triclinium (Gloss.), 181
Triforium (Gloss.), 290, 299, 304, 314
Triglyphs (Gloss.):
Coloured, 136
Doric entablature, in, 126
Roman, 164
Triumphant Arches, _see_ Arch
Troubadours, 238, 331
Truss, 296
Tudor Gothic, 288
Tufa (Gloss.), 154, _see_ concrete
Tumuli (Gloss.), 13, 17
Turkish Architecture, 227
Turrets, Gothic, Italian, 312
Château de Chambord, 381
Houses of Parliament, 451
Renaissance, French, 378
German, 392
Holland, 409
Romanesque, Spanish, 260
S. Sulpice, Church of, 389
Tuscan Orders, 155, 174
Tympanum (Gloss.), 135, 171
U
Uffizi, 354
United States, The:
Beaux Arts Training, influence, 463, 464
Capitol, Washington, 446
Chicago Exposition, influence of, 465
Christ Church, Philadelphia, 430
Classical revival, 445
Colonial architecture, 423, 429, 431
Craigie House, 431
Domestic Architecture, 468-9
Engineering problems, 477
English influence, 430
French influence, 441, 445
Gothic Revival, 452-3
Imitative tendency, 466-8
Office Buildings, 469, 475
Old South Church, 430
S. Paul’s, New York, 430
Sherburn House, 431
Steel Construction, 461, 470-7
Trinity Church, New York, 452
White House, The, 446
Woolworth Building, 471, 476
Unity of design (Gloss.), 11, 174, 209, 245
“Universal Mirror,” _see_ “Speculum Universale”
Universities:
Augsburg, 328
Basel, 328
Cambridge, 290, 295, 299
Constantinople, 266
Leyden, 334
London, 438
Nuremburg, 328
Oxford, 257, 288, 293, 295, 299
Salamanca, 399
Strasburg, 328
Virginia, 448
Urbino, 346
Urn, Burial, 155
Usertesen, Obelisk of, 43
V
Vases, Minoan, 90, 91, 97
Mycenæan, 89
Vatican:
Borgia Apartments, 97
Museum, 198
Sistine Chapel, 374
Stanze Apartments, 374
Vault (Gloss.), Vaulting:
Amiens, at, 281, 284
Asymmetries in, 69, 70
Barrel vaults, 42, 70-1, 209, 242, 253, 260, 373
Basilicas, in, 177
Byzantine use of, 204, 208
Certosa, The, in, 313
Chaldæan, 71
Cross Groined, 167, 178, 242, 250, 253, 271-2
Decorated, 168
Dome or semidome, 167
Egyptian use of, 53
Escoriál, in, 404
Fan Vaults, 295
Gothic, 270
English, 287, 293, 298
French, 252
German, 304
Italian, 314
Lombard, 310
Spanish, 309
Groin, 178, 242, 250, 253
Hindu use of, 230
Liernes, 294
Madeleine, in the, 443
Muhammedan use of, 222, 229
Norman use of, 256
Nôtre Dame, 281
Palais de Justice, Liège, 406
Pendentive Vaults, 295
Persian use of, 229
Pointed Groin Vault, 253
Renaissance, Spanish, 401
Rib and panel, 294
Rib Vault, 243, 249, 272
Romanesque, 241-2
Rhenish, 259
Spanish, 260
Roman use of, 166-7, 173, 175
Rudimentary, 15
S. Andrea, Mantua, 345, 368
S. Lorenzo, Florence, 343
S. Mark’s, Venice, 209
S. Spirito, Florence, 367
Sainte Chapelle, in, 285
Semicylindrical, vaulting, 167
Sexpartite, 254
Skew Vault, 254
Stellar vaulting, 294
Temple of Diana, Nîmes, 170
Tiercerons, 294
Vaults:
Foundations of Adelphi Terrace, 428
S. Francisco, Rimini, in, 345
Vega, Lope de, 330
Velarium, 174, 176
Veneer:
Byzantine use of, 203
Italian Gothic exterior, in, 311
Muhammedan use of, 222
Roman use of, 168
S. Stefano Rotondo, in, 199
Sphinx Temple, in, 41
Turkish Mosques, in, 228
Venice:
Byzantine Influence in, 352
Ca d’Oro, 360
Cornaro Palace, 354
Doge’s Palace, 210, 315
Gothic architecture, 315-16
Gvimane Palace, 355
Il Redentore, Church of, 352
Library of San Giorgio, 344
Library of San Marco, 354, 365
Lido, Fortifications at, 355
Renaissance in, 352-6
S. Giorgio dei Greci, 354
S. Giorgio Maggiore, 352
S. Maria della Salute, 356
S. Maria dei Miracoli, 353
S. Mark’s, 209, 210, 248, 252
S. Zaccaria, 353
Scuolo di S. Marco, 354
Trade centre, a, 265, 353
Vendramini Palace, 354, 360
Zecca, The, 354
Verandah, 432
Verona:
Bevilacqua Palace, 355
Canossa Palace, 355
Pompeii Palace, 355
Vesta, Temple of, 160
Vestibules (Gloss.), 101, 102, 120
Vicenza, 351
Mediæval Basilica, 352
Palazzo Barbarano, 352
Palazzo Capitania, 352
Villa Rotonda, 352
Villas:
Chiswick on Thames, 352, 426
Farnesina, the, 347
House of Pansa, 181
Pompeii, at, 181
Pope Julius III, of, 348
Roman Villas, 181, 400
Villa Capra, 426
Villa Madama, 347
Villa of Hadrian, Tivoli, 180
Villa Rotonda, 352
Vincent of Beauvais, writings of, 266, 312
Virgil, 436
Vitruvius, descriptions of, 122, 144, 155, 182, 351, 352
Vogüé, Marquis of, Explorations in Syria, 199
Volutes (Gloss.), 131
Assyrian ornament, in, 131
Ionic ornament, in, 130
Persian ornament, in, 87
Roman ornament, in, 164
Voussoirs (Gloss.):
Cloaca Maxima, in, 156
Concrete construction compared, 166
Dome of Cathedral, Florence, in, 343
Mosque of Kait Bey, in, 224
Vriendt, Cornelius de, book of ornament, 393
W
Wainscots (Gloss.):
Alhambra, in, 227
Colonial use, 432
English Renaissance, in, 417
Musée Plantin-Moretus, 408
Wall Decoration in marble:
Chaldæan, 71-2
Early Christian churches, 196
Egyptian, 41, 48
Florence, S. Maria Novella, 345
Italian Gothic, 311, 316
Renaissance use, 354, 393
Romanesque use, 246, 249
Roman use, 168, 172
Turkish, 228
Venetian use, 354
Wall Painting:
Assyrian use of, 72
Capitol, Washington, 447
Cnossus, at, 93, 96, 97, 102, 123
Egyptian use of, 45, 48
English-Norman, 257
Etruscan, 155
Hellenic, 136
Italian-Gothic, 311
Minoan, 91
Odeion of Herodes Atticus, 146
Panthéon, Paris, 443
Pyramid of Onas, 40
Raphael’s Stanze, Vatican, 194,374
Renaissance, in, 339
Romans, use by, 168, 181
S. Paul’s-without-the-walls, 197
S. Stefano Rotondo, in, 199
Tiryns, in, 102
Walter, Thomas Ustic, 447
Water, use of:
Assyrian, 56
Early Christian Churches, 194
Egyptian, 30
Minoan, 93, 97, 98, 101
Muhammedan, 217, 218
Persian, 86
Roman, 176, 181, 182-3
Weighing Houses of Holland, 409
Winckelmann’s critical studies, 436
Windows:
Alhambra, of, 226-7
Anglo-Saxon, 254
Angoulême, Cathedral of, 253
Arcade type, 362
Assyria, 70
Blenheim Castle, of, 426
Ca d’Oro, 360
Campanile, of, 252
Cancellaria, of, 363
Casa Lonja, 402
Château de Blois, 380
Château de Chambord, 381
Clerestory, 49
Colonial, 431-2
Crete, in, 93
Cyrus’s Palace, 83
Doge’s Palace, 316
Doric Temple, 122, 126
Egyptian use, 47, 50, 55
Escoriál, the, 404
Giralda, of the, 225
Gothic, 274-276
English, 290, 291
German, 304, 316
Italian, 310, 312
Netherlandish, 307
Hôtel des Invalides, of, 388
Iffley Church, of, 257
Lantern of Galla Placidia, 201
Louvre, of the, 383, 384, 385
Milan Cathedral, in, 313
Modern necessity for, 438
Muhammedan, 222
Norman, 255
Order type, 362
Oriel, 414
Palace of Charles V, in, 403
Palace of Diocletian, in, 196
Palazzo Riccardi, in, 359-60
Vecchio, 359-60
Vendramini, 360
Palladian design, 370
Perpendicular style, 271
Primitive, 20
Queen Anne Style, 424
Renaissance, English, 414, 417
French, 378
German, 392-3, 395-6
Spanish, 399, 400
Romanesque treatment of, 242, 244, 245
Spanish, 260
Roman treatment of, 172, 178
Rose or wheel, 251, 271
S. Peter’s, of, 372
S. Sophia’s, of, 208
Sainte Chapelle, of, 285
Sky-scrapers, of, 475
Tampu Tocco, at, 19
Tiryns, at, 101
Venetian Renaissance, of, 362
Whitehall Palace, of, 418
Worms, Cathedral, of, 258
Xerxes, Palace, of, 86
York Minster, of, 298
Wings:
Capitol, Washington, in, 446-7
English Renaissance houses, in, 414
Friedrichsbau, in, 394
Heinrichsbau, in, 394
Louvre, of the, 383, 444
Luxembourg, of the, 387
Whitehall, of, 418
Wyatt, 335
Wycliffe, 335
X
Xerxes I, of Persia, 76
Invades Hellenic States, 108
Palace, 85 _et seq._
Tent, in Odeion of Pericles, 145
Z
Zecca (the mint), Venice, 354
Zeus, 101, 128
Temple of, 111, 122
Ziggurat (Gloss.), 66-67, 73
Zoroaster, 78
Zoroastrianism, 78, 81
BIBLIOGRAPHY
GENERAL.
Cummings, Charles A. History of Architecture in Italy. Boston:
Houghton, Mifflin & Co. 1901. 2 vols.
Fergusson, James. History of Modern Architecture. 1873.
Fletcher, Bannister. A History of Architecture. London.
Hamlin, A. D. F. Text Book of the History of Architecture. 1898.
Longmans, Green & Co.
Joseph, Dr. D. Geschichte der Baukunst. Berlin: Bruno Hessling. 4
v. 1902-09.
Simpson, F. M. A History of Architectural Development. London:
Longmans, Green & Co. 1905. 3 vols.
Stratham, H. Heathcote. A Short Critical History of Architecture.
London: B. T. Batsford. 1912.
Sturgis, Russell. A History of Architecture. New York: Doubleday,
Page Co. 1906-1915. 4 vols.
Sturgis, Russell. European Architecture. A historical study. New
York: Macmillan & Co. 1896.
Wallis, Frank E. How to Know Architecture. New York: Harper & Bros.
1910.
EGYPTIAN.
Bell, Edward. The Architecture of Ancient Egypt. London: G. Bell &
Sons. 1915.
King, L. W. and H. R. Hall. Egypt and Western Asia: in the light of
recent discoveries. London: Soc. for Promoting Christian Knowledge.
1907.
BABYLONIAN AND ASSYRIAN.
Handcock, Percy S. P. Mesopotamian Archæology; an introduction to
the archæology of Babylonia and Assyria. London: Macmillan & Co.
1912.
Koldewey, Robert. The excavations at Babylon. Translated by A. S.
Johns. London: Macmillan & Co. 1914.
MUHAMMEDAN.
Saladin, H. L’architecture. Paris: A. Picard & Fils. 1907. (Manuel
d’art musulman.)
GOTHIC.
Bond, Francis. Gothic Architecture in England. London: B. T.
Batsford. 1905.
Bumpus, T. Francis. Guide to Gothic Architecture. New York: Dodd
Mead Co. 1914.
Cram, Ralph A. The Gothic Quest.
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Jackson, T. G. Gothic Architecture in France, England and Italy.
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West, G. H. Gothic Architecture in England and France. London: G.
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RENAISSANCE.
Anderson, Wm. J. Architecture of the Renaissance in Italy. London:
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Gotch, J. Alfred. Early Renaissance Architecture in England.
London: B. T. Batsford. 1914.
Moore, C. H. Character of Renaissance Architecture. New York:
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Goodyear, William H. The Grammar of the Lotus. Sampson Low. London.
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Goodyear, William H. Greek Refinements. Yale University Press.
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FOOTNOTES:
[1] An exception occurs in a temple at =Assos=, where the architrave is
decorated.
[2] It was sometimes used in connection with the Doric order, as in the
case of the =Tholos at Epidauros=, where the internal circle of columns
is of the Corinthian order.
[3] A corresponding curvature in plan has also been discovered in
Egyptian architecture, for example, in the Second Temple Court at
=Medinct Abou=.
[4] Erected eighty years after the death of Euripides, whose plays,
like those of Æschylus and Sophocles, were performed in temporary
theatres.
[5] Note the similarity of this portico to the projection from the back
of an Elizabethan stage.
[6] The reader may be reminded that longitudinal is in the direction
of the nave from west to east, transverse, across the nave, at right
angles, while the “diagonals” span the bay obliquely.
[7] The above was written before the revolting desecration of Belgium
by the German invasion.
End of Project Gutenberg's How to Study Architecture, by Charles H. Caffin