straps of leather kept in place with studs.
=Stretcher=: in masonry, a brick or stone, laid lengthwise of the
course. See =Bond=, =Header=.
=Stucco=: specifically, a plaster made of gypsum, powdered marble or
fine sand, mixed with water; used for wall surfaces and raised
ornament; generally, any plaster or cement used for external
coating.
=Stylobate= (lit. “column-stand”): in Classic Architecture, a
continuous base supporting columns; specifically, the platform on
which a Greek temple is raised. Compare =Podium=.
=Tabernacle=: a structure to contain the “Host” or consecrated Bread;
resembling a tower or spire and elaborately embellished with
windows, mouldings, pinnacles, etc., often rising to a great
height--90 feet in the Cathedral of Ulm. A feature of German
decorative art. Appears in Spanish Gothic under the name of
=Custodia=.
=Temenos=: the sacred enclosure or precinct of a Greek temple or
group of temples.
=Tempera= painting or painting in distemper: the process of painting
on a ground, usually prepared with a coat of fine plaster, with
pigments that are mixed with yolk of egg or some other glutinous
medium and are soluble in water. The method employed for all
paintings before the development of the oil medium in the fifteenth
century; and continued in use by the Italian mural decorators. See
=Fresco=, =Secco=.
=Tenia= or =Tænia=: the flat fillet or band, forming the upper member
of a Doric =Architrave= (which see).
=Terminal=: applied to posts, originally used to mark boundaries.
Made of marble, with a head and bust or half figure, surmounting
the pedestal, it is used as a garden ornament.
=Terrace=: a raised level space or platform, sustained by walls or
sloping banks, usually approached from below by a flight of steps
or =Ramp= (which see).
=Terra-cotta=: a species of hard clay, moulded and baked: especially
used in ornamentation.
=Tessera=: a cube of glass or marble used in =Mosaic= decoration (which
see).
=Tetrastyle=: See =Portico=.
=Tholos=: a building of the beehive type, circular in plan, with a
domed roof.
=Thrust=: a strain that tends to push the downward pressure toward
the sides; as in the case of an arch.
=Tie-Beam=: in timber roof construction, the transverse beam that
ties together the lower part of opposite rafters.
=Tierceron-rib=: See =Rib=.
=Tile=: a thin piece of terra-cotta, stone, or marble for the
external covering of roofs.
=Torus=: a large convex (usually semi-circular) moulding used
especially in bases of columns. See =Astragal=.
=Trabeated=: having a horizontal Beam or Entablature.
=Tracery=: the pattern of stonework that fills the upper part of a
Gothic window. Distinguished as =Plate Tracery=, where the tracery
looks as if it were pierced in a single plate or slab of stone; =Bar
Tracery=, when composed in an arrangement of geometric designs. The
German imitation of branches is known as =Branch Tracery=.
=Transepts=: the parts of a church or cathedral that project at right
angles to the nave and choir, forming the arms of the Cross in a
=Cruciform= (which see) plan.
=Transom=: See =Mullion=.
=Transverse=: at right angles to the main axis. Specifically applied
to the arches and ribs of the vaulting of a nave or aisle that are
in the directions of north and south. Compare =Longitudinal= and
=Diagonal=.
=Travertine=: a hard limestone found in Tivoli.
=Trefoil=: See =Foil=.
=Triclinium=: dining room of a Roman house.
=Triforium=: the arcaded passage above the arches of the nave of a
Gothic cathedral, opening into the space between the vaulting and
roof of the aisle.
=Truncated=: finishing abruptly instead of in a point. See =Pyramid=.
=Tufa=: a volcanic substance of which the hills of Rome are largely
composed.
=Tumulus=: a prehistoric artificial mound, serving as a sepulchral
monument.
=Tympanum=: See =Pediment=.
=Unity=: a principle of Beauty, that the work of art shall present an
organic oneness and completeness.
=Vault=: an arched covering of stone, brick or concrete over any
space. =Barrel vault=: a continuous semicircular arched covering over
an oblong space, supported on the side walls. =Groined vault=: a
vault formed by the intersection of two barrel vaults, at right
angles to each other, supported on four corner columns or piers.
=Rib vault=: a development of the groin vault, the groins being
replaced by ribs or profiled bands of masonry, which are erected
first, the vaulting spaces being filled in subsequently.
=Vestibule=: the walled space before the entrance to a Roman house;
later an enclosed or partially enclosed entrance space beneath the
roof of an early Christian church; generally, the entrance space of
any building, especially, if used for public assemblage.
=Volute=: the scroll or spiral feature occurring in a capital of the
Ionic and Corinthian Orders.
=Voussoir=: one of the wedge-shaped stones, composing the curve of an
arch.
=Wainscot=: the lining or panelling of an interior wall, skirting the
floor and carried up to only a part of the height of the wall.
=Wheel window=: See =Rose-window=.
=Ziggurat=: (a “holy mountain”): the platform usually =Stepped= or
rising in receding tiers, on which the Chaldæans erected a temple;
they were also used for astronomical observations.
INDEX
(For the Compilation of which the author is indebted to CAROLINE CAFFIN)
A
Abacus (Gloss.), 42
Corinthian, 132, 165
Doric, 125
English Gothic, 291, 294
Ionic, 129
at Mycenæ, 99
Romanesque, 245
Abelard, 331
Abury, monument at, 17
Abutment (Gloss.), 284
Abydos, tomb at, 42
Temple at, 53
Acanthus (Gloss.), in ornament, 132, 164, 165, 171
Achæan migrations, 91, 105
Acropolis (Gloss.):
of Athens, 108, 119, 141
Athene Nike, 141
Erechtheion, 141
Odeion of Herodes Atticus, 145
Odeion of Pericles, 145
the Parthenon, 119
Propylæa, the, 141
Theatre of Dionysos, 143
Mycenæ, of, 100
Acroteria (Gloss.), 127
on Parthenon, 137
Ægean, civilisation, 88 et seq.
Islands of, 89, 90, 91, 92, 95
Æolian, migrations, 91, 105
Æsthetic (Gloss.), defined, 3, 4, 5
Africa, Mediterranean race in, 95
Muhammedans in, 215, 220
Romans, in, 150
Agrippa, erects Pantheon, 171
Aix-la-Chapelle, Charlemagne’s capital, 192
Cathedral at, 258
Church at, 207
Akkadia, race, 56, 57, 58
Alberti, author of “De Re Ædificatoria,” 344, 345
Alcove (Gloss.), in English galleries, 417
in temple of Hera, 118
Alexander the Great, in Egypt, 37
in Macedonia, 109
in Persia, 25, 76
Alhambra, 218, 226-7
Almshouses, 299
Altars, of the Dorians, 117
Early Christian, 194-5
Escoriál, Church in, 404
Granada Cathedral, 401
Greek drama, 142
Minoan Palace, 101
Persia, 81, 83
Stonehenge, 16
Altun Obu, Sepulchre of, 14
Ambo (pl) ambones (Gloss.), 195
Ambulatory (Gloss.), 242
Gothic, 289, 303
S. Paul’s Cathedral, 420
Amenopheum, the, 45
American Institute of Architects, 462
Amphi-prostyle--stylar (Gloss.), 120
Amphitheatres, 173, 174, 175
Anglo-Classical, 435, 436
Anglo-Saxon architecture, 254, 255, 289
Annula (Gloss.), 125
Antæ (Gloss.) 120, 125, 165
in Parthenon, 137
Ante-fixæ (Gloss.), 127
“Antiquities in Athens” by Stuart and Revett, 436, 439
Apse (Gloss.), origin of, 177
replaced by Chancel, 237
in Cathedrals of Granada, 401
Monreale, Palermo, 249
Pisa, 247
S. Paul’s, 420
Worms, 258
Churches of
The Apostles, Cologne, 259
Early Christian Churches, 195, 198, 200, 201
Romanesque churches, 244
Santiago de Compostello, 260
S. Cunibert, Cologne, 259
S. Maria-in-Capitol, Cologne, 259
S. Martin, Cologne, 259
Turkish Mosques, 228
Apteral (Gloss.), 141
Aqueducts, 182
Agua Claudia, 183
Anio Novus, 183
Pont du Gard, Nîmes, 183
Arab alliance with Moors, 226, 227
Arcades (Gloss.), in Akbar, mosque of, 230
Alhambra, the, 226
Amiens, cathedral of, 282-3
Amru, Mosque of, 223
Antwerp City Hall, 407
Bremen City Hall, 395
Brunelleschi’s, 343
Chambord, 381
Cordova, Mosque of, 224, 225
Diocletian, Palace of, 195
Doge’s Palace, 316
English Gothic, 289
Iffley Church, 257
Ispahan, Great Mosque of, 229
Library of S. Mark’s, 365
Liège, Palais de Justice, 406
Mecca, Great Mosque, 221
Mosques, 217, 221-223
Nôtre Dame, Paris, 282-3
Palladian style, 352
Patios, 400
Pavia, S. Michele’s, 251
Romanesque, 244, 245, 253
S. Paul’s Covent Garden, 419
S. Peter’s, 194
S. Sophia’s 208
S. Sulpice, 389
Syria, Early Christian Churches, 200
Worms, Cathedral, 258
Asymmetries in, 280
Arcade, blind, 244, 247, 259
Arcades, type in windows, 360, 362
Arch (Gloss.):
Anglo-Saxon use of, 255
Assyrian use of, 69
Basis of design, 202
Bridges, use in, 182
Byzantine use of, 202
Delos, at, 15
Domes, built on, 205-6
Egypt, use in, 42
English Renaissance, 420
Etruria, use in, 156
Four-centre arches, 290, 410
Gothic, 270, 284
English, 298
Italian, 310
Horseshoe, 229
Mediæval, 252
Muhammedan, 221, 224, 230
Norman, 255-6
Palace of Diocletian, in, 195
Pointed, 272, 252
Roman use of, 156, 166, 174
Romanesque, use in, 245, 249, 250
Spanish, 260
Rudimentary arch, 14-15
Single stone, 199
Stilted, 245
Triumphal, 5
Arc de l’Étoile, 443
Arc de Triomphe, 443
Constantine, of, 159-178
Early Christian churches, 196
Janus, of, 159
Mantua, at, 368
Orange, at, 178
Septimus Severus, of, 161, 178
Temple Bar, 423
Titus, 5, 159, 178
Architects (Gloss.):
Abadie, Paul, 452
Adam, James, 428
Adam, Robert, 428, 429, 430
Alberti, Leo Battista, 344, 345, 368
Alessi, Galeazzo, 356
Anthemius of Tralles, 208
Arnolfo di Cambio, 315, 340, 355
Ascher, Benjamin, 431
Ballu, Theodore, 452
Barry, Sir Charles, 439, 450, 451
Basevi, George, 438
Bautista, Juan da, 404
Benci di Cione, 315
Benedetto da Rovezzano, 411
Bernini, Lorenzo, 371, 373, 386, 419
Berruguete, Alonzo, 402, 405
Boromini, Francesco, 351
Borset, François, 406
Brunelleschi, Filippo, 342-344, 367, 373
Bulfinch, Charles, 446, 448
Buon, Bartolommeo, 353, 360
Buon, Giovanni, 353, 360
Buonarotti, Michelangelo, 346, 349, 350, 363-365, 371-373, 397, 405
Burlington, Lord, 352, 426
Butterfield, William, 452
Chambers, Sir William, 427
Clerisseau, C. L., 428
Colombe, Michel, 376
Covarrubias, Alonso de, 400
Cram, Ralph Adam, 366, 453
Cram, Goodhue and Ferguson, 453
Cronoca, 345
De l’Orme, Philibert, 383
De Vriendt, Cornelius, (Floris), 407
Diego da Siloe, 400, 401
Duban, Felix, 444
Elmes, H. L., 438
Enrique de Egas, 399, 400
Fontana, Domenico, 371
Garnier, Charles, 444
Giacomo della Porta, 371
Giacondo, Fra, 371
Gibbs, James, 423, 430
Giotto di Bondone, 312
Giulio Romano, 347
Hansen, Theophil, 440
Hawksmoor, Nicholas, 423
Herrera, Juan de, 402, 404
Hoban, James, 446
Hunt, Richard Morris, 461, 462
Inwood, H. W., 436
Isidorus of Miletus, 208
John of Padua, 411
Jones, Inigo, 416, 418, 427
Klenze, Leo von, 440
Labrouste, Henri, 444
Latrobe, B. H., 446
Le Breton, Gilles, 382
Lefuel, Hector, 444
Lemercier, Jacques, 385, 387
L’Enfant, Pierre Charles, 445
Le Nôtre, 387
Lescot, Pierre, 382, 383, 386, 444
Levau, 387
Lombardi, Antonio, 353, 354
Lombardi, Martino, 353
Lombardi, Moro, 353
Lombardi, Pietro, 353
Lombardi, Tullio, 353
Longhena, Baldassare, 355, 366
Machuca, Pedro, 402
Maderna, Carlo, 371
Mangin, 448
Mansart, François, 385, 387
Mansart, Jules Hardouin, 387
Michelozzi, Michelozzo, 344, 358
Mills, Robert, 446
Mnesicles, 141
Nepveu, Pierre Le, 381
Palladio, Andrea, 351, 368 and 369, 418, 426, 427
Pearson, J. L., 452
Perrault, Claude, 386
Peruzzi, Baldassare, 347, 348, 371
Pisano, Andrea, 312, 319, 340
Pisano, Giovanni, 312
Porter, Arthur Kingsley, 243
Pugin, Augustus Wild, 450, 453
Raphael, 346, 347, 348, 371
Renwick, James, 452
Richardson, Henry Hobson, 461, 462
Sammichele, Michele, 355
Sangallo, Antonio da, (the Elder), 371
Sangallo, Antonio da (the Younger), 371-373, 347, 348
Sansovino, Jacopo da, 354, 363, 365
Scamozzi, Vicenzo, 352, 355
Schinkel, Friederich, 440
Scott, Sir, Gilbert, 451
Serlio, 413
Servandoni, 389
Shaw, Norman, 460
Shute, John, 413
Smirke, Sir Robert, 438
Soane, John, 438
Soufflot, J. J., 442
Street, G. E., 451
Stühler, 440
Talenti, Simone di, 315
Thornton, William, 446
Thorpe, John, 414
Town, Ithiel, 431
Vanbrugh, Sir John, 425
Vigarni di Borgoña, 401
Vignola, Giacomo Barozzi da, 348, 368, 369
Viollet-Le-Duc, E. M., 444
Visconti, Louis, 444
Waterhouse, Alfred, 452
Wilkins, William, 438
Wren, Sir Christopher, 401, 419-423
Architect and Engineer, 477
Architecture, defined, 5 (Gloss.):
Influence of Monks on, 237
Need of public appreciation, 455
Opportunity at Chicago’s World Fair, 465
Relation to life, 7, 9, 25, 456-9, 472, 478
Architrave (Gloss.), Asymmetries in, 137
Byzantine impost, 204
Corinthian entablature, in, 165
Doric entablature, in, 126, 135
Ionic entablature, in, 129 and 130
Roman use of, 164
Windows, 359-360
Archivolt (Gloss.), 203
Argolis, 88, 98
Ariosto, 329, 341
Aristotle, 439
Armada, Spanish, 336
Arris (Gloss.), 124
Artaxerxes II, III, 76
tomb of, 82
Aryan race, the, 74
Assyria, Architecture, 65-73
Astronomy and Astrology of, 64
Asurbanipal, 61
Civilisation of, 56, et seq.
Conquest of Judea, 60
Conquest by Nabopolassar, 61
Culture, 63
Growth of power, 59
Junction with Babylonia, 59
Records of, 57
Tiglath-Pileser, 59
Astragal (Gloss.), 129
Astylar (Gloss.), 361, 439
Asymmetries (Gloss.), in Egyptian architecture, 43
Gothic, 278-80
Hellenic, 136, 137, 207
Mason’s errors, not, 129
Pisa, at, 247-9
Athena Polias, 141
Atrium (Gloss.), in S. Ambrogio, Milan, 250
S. Paul-without-the-wall, 196
S. Peter’s, 194
S. Sophia, 209
Attic (Gloss.), 179
Louvre, in, 384-5
S. Peter’s, in, 372
Attica, Architectural remains in, 89
Augustine foundations including Cathedrals, 288
Avebury, _see_ Abury
Aztecs, structures of the, 19
B
Babylonia, Architecture, 65 _et. seq._
Babylon described, 61
Civilisation, 56 _et seq._
Conquered by Assyrians, 59
Empire joined to Assyrian, 61, 65
Gardens, 62
God Marduk, 59
Records of, 57
Sculpture, 63
Balconies, on Minarets, 222, 223
Muhammedan use of, 218
Netherlandish Gothic, 367
Palaces of the Capitol, 365
Vendramini Palaces, 361
Baldachino (Gloss.), in Early Christian churches, 194
S. Peter’s, Rome, 371
Ball and Cross, Dome of Escoriál, 404
S. Paul’s on, 422
Balustrade (Gloss.), 364
Burgos, Golden Staircase, of, 400
Château de Blois, in, 380
English Renaissance, 414, 427
Bank of England, 438
Baptistries, of Florence, 197, 311
Pisa, 247, 248
Ravenna, 201
S. John Lateran, 198
Baroque style (Gloss.), 338, 350-1, 355
Barrows (Gloss.), 13, 14, 16
Bar Tracery (Gloss.), 275, 354, 355
Base (Gloss.), of columns, 123
Corinthian, 131
Ionic, 128
Minarets of, 222
Parthenon, in, 442
Roman use, 164
Basilicas (Gloss.), origin of, 159, 177
Æmilia, of, 160, 177
Amiens, at, 281
Augustus’s, Palace, in, 179
Byzantine, 205
Cluny, in Benedictine Abbey of, 253
Constantine, of, (or Maxentius), 177, 371, 372
Early Christian churches, 193
Florence, in, 343
Fulvia, of, 177
Italy, in Southern, 246
Julia, of, 160, 177
Mediæval, 352
Monks develop plan to cruciform, 237-40
Nôtre Dame, Paris, 281
Porcia, of, 177
S. Peter’s, Rome, 371
Sicily, in, 249
Ulpia, of, 177-8-9
Baths, of Agrippa, 176
Brunelleschi, studied by, 342
Caracalla, of, 176
Commodus, of, 176
Constantine, of, 176
Diocletian, of, 176
Domitian, of, 176
Minoan, 93, 96-7-8, 101
Nero, of, 176
Roman, 176, 439
Titus, of, 176
Zeus, in temple of, 111
Batter (Gloss.), Assyria, in, 66, 68
Egypt, 41, 47
Giralda, in, 225
Renaissance, in, 378, 414
Sargon’s Castle, 68
Bays (Gloss.), in vaulting, 167, 178, 242, 250
Front of buildings, 303, 372
Windows, 417, 418
Bead and Spool ornament (Gloss.), 130, 132, 134
Beams, Cross, 296
English Renaissance ceilings, in, 417
German Renaissance, use in, 393
Hammer, 297
Tie, 221
Beautiful Arts, the, 3
Beauty (Gloss.), feeling for, 37, 95, 469
Campanile in Florence, in, 313
Chicago World’s Fair, 465, 466
Difference between German and Italian, 328
Domestic Architecture, in, 469
Gallic, 333
Hellenic, 112, 113
Moorish and Saracenic, 226
Renaissance, 373
Roman, 113
Beaux Arts, École de, 379, 461-3-464, 465
Bee-hive construction, Tombs, 15, 89, 99
Dwellings, 46
Bel étage (Gloss.), 383-4
Belfries (Gloss.), 254
Netherlands, in, 307
Belgium, _see_ Netherlands
Bema (Gloss.), _see_ Sanctuary
Benedictine Foundations including Cathedrals, 288
Billets, Norman, decoration, in, 255
Bingham, Professor Hiram, ruins discovered by, 19
Black Stone, the, 214, 221
Boccaccio, 325, 331, 341, 376
Books of Design, in English Renaissance, 413, 414, 417
“Antiquities of Rome,” Palladio, 427
“Cathedral Antiquities,” John Britton and Thomas Rickman, 450
“Chief Grounds of Architecture,” John Shute, 413
“De Re Ædificatoria,” Alberti, 345
“Designs for Chinese Architecture,” William Chambers, 427
“Five orders of Architecture,” Vignola, 349
“Five Orders of Architecture,” Sammichele, 355
“Four Books of Architecture,” Palladio, 351
“Gothic Quest, The,” Ralph Adams Cram, 300, 453
“History of Art,” Winckelmann, 436
“History of Art,” Stuart and Revett, 436
James Gibbs’ Designs, 423, 430
“Ruins of the Palace of Diocletian,” Adam, 428
“Treatise on Civil Architecture,” William Chambers, 427
Brackets, _see_ Modillions
Boston, Decoration in Library, 98
Trinity Church, 462
Botta, Paul Émile, discoveries of, 67
Brick, use of:
Byzantine, 202, 209
Chaldean, 65-66
Colonial, 430, 431
Domes, in, 167, 222, 343, 422
Egyptian, 39, 47, 55
English and Flemish bond, 424
English Renaissance, 412
German Gothic, 305
German Renaissance, 393
Hellenic, 117
Holland Renaissance, 409
Italian Gothic, 313, 352
Mesopotamia, in, 65
Persian, 85
Queen Anne Style, 424, 458
Roman, 172, 175
S. Sophia, in, 209
Steel Construction, in, 473
Stretchers and Binders, 424
Tiryns, in, 102
British Museum, Colossal Bulls, in, 69
Cuneiform script, in, 61
Rosetta Stone, 27
Temple of Artemis, 128
Tomb of Atreus, 99, 124
Brittany, primitive structures in, 17
Bronze Age, 19
Byzantine Architecture (Gloss.), 190, 193-5, 211
Armenia, in, 211
Basilicas, 193-6
Brick, use of, 202
Columns, 195, 202-4
Decoration, 203
Development of, 202
Domes, 167, 204-7
Domestic Architecture, 210-11
Floors, 203
Greece, in, 210
Hagia Sophia, 207-9
Influence on Mediæval architecture, 197, 200
Romanesque, 212, 245, 248-9
Mosaics, 203
Russia, in, 210
Venice, in, 252-3
S. Mark’s, 209-10
Byzantium: site of, selected by Constantine as capital, 157, 190
Link between Eastern and Western civilisation, 191
C
Cairn (Gloss ), 13
Calderon, Spanish dramatist, 330
Calvin, 332
Cambridge, 299
Caius College, 412
Emmanuel College, 412
Gate of Honour, 412
King’s College, 290
King’s College Chapel, 295
Campaniles (Gloss.), Italian Gothic, 312
Romanesque, 244, 247, 251
Canopies (Gloss.), Gothic, 247, 275, 276, 283, 307, 309
Renaissance, 380
Stained Glass, in, 309
Capilla Mayor (Gloss.), _see_ Sanctuary
Capitals (Gloss.), treatment of, 134
Byzantine, 204
Corinthian, 131, 132, 171
Doric, 118, 123-4
Egyptian, 51-2, 131, 164
Etruscan, 155, 163
Gothic, 275, 276, 279
Gothic, asymmetries in, 279
Gothic, English, 291
Gothic, Italian, 314, 316
Hellenic, 118
Ionic, 129
Muhammedan, 221, 224, 226
Name of Crœsus inscribed on, 128
Norman, 255
Persian, 83, 86, 87
Renaissance, French, 385
Renaissance, Italian, 345, 367
Renaissance, Netherlands, 406
Roccoco, 366
Roman, 164
Romanesque, 245, 249
Capitoline Hill, 158, 159, 350, 363-364
Cardinal Mendoza, 399
Cardinal Wolsey, 411
Cardinal Ximenes, 400
Carillons, (Gloss.), 408, 409
Cartouche, 36
Caryatides (Gloss.), Erechtheion, in, 141, 436
Louvre, in, 385
Castles:
Albrechtsberg, 305
Bolsover, 412
Feudal type, 377
Fifteenth Century, 299
German, 305
Gothic, 286
Heidelburg, 394
Heilsberg, 305
Howard, 425
Longford, 412, 414
Marienburg, 305
Cathedrals, Place of, in Mediæval life, 236
Aix-la-Chapelle, 192, 207, 258
Amiens, 280, 281-4, 302, 308, 314
Angoulême, 252-3
Auxerre, 284
Barcelona, 308
Beauvais, 284
Birmingham, 289
Borah, 200
Bourges, 281, 285, 309
Bristol, 257, 288
Bruges, 307, 308
Burgos, 308, 401
Canterbury, 257, 275, 288
Carlisle, 288
Chartres, 275, 284
Chester, 288
Chichester, 288
Cologne, 302-4
Del Pilar, 401
Dordrecht, 308
Durham, 256, 288, 297
Ely, 257, 288, 295, 420
Exeter, 288
Ghent, 308
Gloucester, 288, 294
Gothic, described, 277-8
Granada, 401
Haarlem, 308
Hereford, 288
Jaen, 401
Laon, 284
La Seo, 401
Leon, 308
Lichfield, 288, 298
Liverpool, 289
Llandaff, 288
Malaga, 401
Malines, 408
Manchester, 289
Mayence, 259
Milan, 302, 313, 371
Monreale, 249
Montefiascone, 355
Newcastle, 289
Norwich, 256, 288
Nôtre Dame, Paris, 281-4, 308
Orvieto, 311
Oxford, 257, 288, 295
Peterborough, 256, 288, 294
Piacenza, 251
Pisa, 247
Pistoia, 249
Ratisbon, 302
Rheims, 279, 283, 286
Rochester, 288
Rouen, 280, 284, 286
S. Albans, 289
S. Asaph, 288
S. David, 288
S. Gudule, Brussels, 307
S. Mark, Venice, 209-10, 248, 315
S. Patrick, New York, 453
S. Paul, London, 288, 371, 388, 420-2
S. Peter, Rome, 346-7, 349, 350, 370-4, 404, 421
Salamanca, 260, 401
Salisbury, 288, 294, 296, 298
Santiago de Compostello, 259
Seville, 302, 309, 371
Siena, 311
Southwark, 289
Southwell, 257, 289
Spires, 259
Strasburg, 302
Syracuse, Sicily, 193
Toledo, 308-9
Tournai, 306-7
Tours, 286
Trêves, 259
Truro, 289, 452
Utrecht, 308
Valladolid, 401
Wakefield, 289
Wells, 288, 294, 296, 298
Westminster Abbey, 294, 296, 309
Winchester, 257, 288, 295
Worcester, 257, 288
Worms, 258
York, 288, 291, 296, 298
Ypres, 308
Zamora, 260
Cavea, 174
Cavetto (Gloss.), 47, 134
Carnac, Menhirs in, 17
Ceiling:
Coffered, 178, 181, 196, 422
Gothic, English, 293, 256
Gothic, Italian, 348, 367
Muhammedan, 225
Musée Plantin-Moretus, 408
Odeion of Herodes Atticus, 145
Painted, in Escoriál, 404
Renaissance, English, 417
Renaissance, Netherlands, 408
Sheldonian Theatre, 419-20
Cella (Gloss.), 53
Hellenic Temples, in, 117, 118, 120-22
Persian Tombs, 81
Roman Temples, 169
Cellars, 426
Celtic, churches, 255
Monuments, 16, 17
Ornament, 18
Cervantes, 329
Chaldean, civilisation, 56 _et seq._ _See_ Assyrian
Chamfer (Gloss.), 126
Chancel (Gloss.), Anglo-Saxon, 255
Early Christian, 195
Mediæval, 257
Renaissance, 355-6
Romanesque, 341
Chapel, Ante, 253
Arena, Padua, 311
Capilla Mayor, Escoriál, 404
English Cathedrals, 289
Galilee, Durham, 256
Henry VII, Westminster, 295, 450
Hôtel des Invalides, 388
King’s College, Cambridge, 290, 295
Marienburg, 305
Marquand, Princeton, 462
New College, Oxford, 293
New Kings, of the, 400
Norman Cathedrals, in, 255
Palace Charles V, 403
Romanesque, 253
Sainte Chapelle, 253, 296
S. Croce, Florence, 311, 343
S. George, Windsor, 299
S. Isadore, 210
S. John, Tower of London, 255
S. Maria Maggiore, 197
S. Paul’s, 420
Sistine, 374
Chapter-Houses (Gloss.):
English Gothic, 295
Marienburg, 305
Old Foundation Cathedrals, 288
Worcester, 257
Charlemagne, 207, 238, 239, 258, 263, 266, 323
Châteaux, 377
Amboise, 382
Azay-le-Rideau, 382
Blois, de, 379, 380, 383
Bury, 382
Chambord, de, 380-1
Chenonceaux, 382
Gaillon, 379
Maisons, de, 387
Chevêt (Gloss.), 241-2, 253
Amiens, 281
Cologne, 303
Le Mans, 285
Norwich, 257
Tournai, 307
Chimneys:
Château de Chambord, 381
Gothic, 299, 307
Renaissance, 378, 415
Chimney pieces:
Colonial, 432
Gothic, 299
Musée Plantin-Moretus, 408
Chivalry, age of, 238-9
Choir (Gloss.):
Amiens, 281
Asymmetries, in, 281
Canterbury, 257
Early Christian, 195, 196
Escoriál, 404
Gothic, 289, 295, 303, 309
Renaissance, 346
Romanesque, 244, 246, 249, 256
S. Paul’s, 420-1
Choir Screens, _see_ Screens
Choir stalls, 299
Chryselephantine (Gloss.), 140
Church: form derived from basilica, 177
Age of Church building, 193
Authority questioned, 328
Influence of, 263, 320
Spanish loyalty to, 329
Churches:
Abbey Church, Laach, 259
Abbey of Fontevrault, 253
Aix-la-Chapelle, 207, 258
All Saints, London, 452
Apostles, Cologne, 259
Babbacombe, Devonshire, 452
Benedictine Abbey, Cluny, 253
Christ Church, Philadelphia, 430
Collegiate Church, S. Quentin, 285
Collegiate Church, Toro, 260
Escoriál, 403-5
Grace Church, New York, 453
“Hall” Church, 304
Holy Apostles, Constantinople, 209
Hôtel des Invalides, 388
Iffley Church, Oxfordshire, 257
Il Gesu, Rome, 349, 368
Il Redentore, Venice, 352
Kalb Lauzeh, Syria, 200
La Trinité, Paris, 452
Nôtre Dame, Avignon, 252
Old South Church, Boston, 430
Sacré-Cœur, Paris, 452
S. Ambrogio, Milan, 249, 251
S. Andrea, Mantua, 345, 367
S. Apollinare in Classe, 201
S. Apollinare Nuovo, 201
S. Certosa, Pavia, 313
S. Clemente, Rome, 195, 196, 197
S. Clotilde, Paris, 452
S. Constanza, Rome, 198
S. Cristo de la Luz, Toledo, 225
S. Croce, Florence, 311
S. Cunibert, Cologne, 259
S. Domingo, Salamanca, 401
S. Elizabeth, Marburg, 304
S. Engracia, Saragossa, 401
S. Francis, Assisi, 311
S. Francisco, Rimini, 345
S. Front, Perigeux, 252
S. Genéviève, (Panthéon), 388, 442
S. George, Esrah, 200
S. Giorgio del Greci, Venice, 354
S. Giorgio Maggiore, Venice, 352, 355, 368
S. Jacque, Dieppe, 286
S. John Lateran, Rome, 194, 198
S. Lambert, Hildesheim, 304
S. Lorenzo in Miranda, Rome, 347
S. Maclou, Rouen, 286
S. Maria dei Miracoli, Venice, 353
S. Maria della Grazia, Milan, 346
S. Maria della Salute, Venice, 356
S. Maria di Loreto, Rome, 348
S. Maria in Capitol, Rome, 259
S. Maria la Bianca, Toledo, 225
S. Maria Maggiore, Rome, 196-7
S. Martin, Cologne, 259
S. Martino, Lucca, 249
S. Mary-le-bow, London, 423
S. Michele, Lucca, 249
S. Michele, Pavia, 251
S. Millan, Sagovia, 260
S. Miniato, Florence, 246
S. Ouen, Rouen, 279, 286, 314
S. Quentin, Mainz, 304
S. Sergius and S. Bacchus, Constantinople, 206
S. Sergius, Constantinople, 200, 207-9
S. Sernin, Toulouse, 259
S. Simon Stylites, Kalat Seman, 200
S. Sophia, Constantinople, 207, 228
S. Spirito, Florence, 343, 367
S. Stefano Rotondo, Rome, 198
S. Stephen, Vienna, 304
S. Stephen, Walbrook, 422
S. Sulpice, Paris, 389
S. Urban, Troyes, 285
S. Vitale, Ravenna, 200, 202, 207-8
S. Wulfrand, Abbeville, 286
S. Zaccaria, Venice, 353
Tewkesbury Abbey, 295
Trinity Church, Boston, 462
Trinity Church, New York, 452
Turmanin, Syria, 200
Val-de-Grâce, Paris, 387
Vézélay, 253
Chaldæa, civilisation, 56 _et seq._
Architecture, _see_ Assyrian
China, 13, 427
Churrigueresque, style, 405
Cinquecento (Gloss.), 338
Cinquefoil (Gloss.), 291
Circular plan Buildings, 197-8
Campanile, 247
Chapter Houses, 257, 295
Circus Maxentius, 173
Maximus, 173
Nero, 194
City Planning, in America, 445
London, Christopher Wren, 419
Paris, by Baron Haussmann, 444
Washington, Major Pierre Charles L’Enfant, 445
Civic Architecture:
Casa Lonja, 401
City Halls, Antwerp, 406
Bremen, 395
Cologne, 395
Haarlem, 409
Hague, The, 409
Leyden, 409
New York, 448
County Buildings, Pittsburg, 462
Doge’s Palace, 315
Palais de Justice, Bruges, 406
Palais de Justice, Liège, 406
Palais de Justice, Rouen, 286
Palais de Justice, Paris, 444
Palazzo Vecchio, Florence, 315, 358-9
Town Halls, Breslau, 305
Brunswick, 305
Brussels, 307
Halberstadt, 305
Hildesheim, 305
Louvain, 307
Lübeck, 305
Manchester, 452
Mechlin, 307
Munster, 305
Ratisbon, 305
Classic Architecture, 8
Compared to Gothic, 276-7
Hellenic, 116,
_see_ Roman, 163
Classic and classical, 113
Influence on Byzantine, 203
on Gothic, 310
on Renaissance, 319, 320, 328, 338, 340, 342
Classic Literature, 325, 335, 341, 344
France, 383
Classical Revival, 390, 401-5, 435, 439
Books of Design of, 413
Free-Classic, 460
French Imperial, 443
Neo-Greek, 444
Cleopatra’s Needles, 43
Clerestory, the (Gloss.):
Asymmetries in, 279
Egypt, use in, 49, 86, 122
Gothic, use in, 272, 299, 304, 314, 367
Norman use of, 256
Romanesque, 242, 246, 250, 253
S. Paul’s Cathedral, 420-1
Cloisonné (Gloss.), 291
Cloisters (Gloss.), 288
Old Foundation Cathedrals, in, 288
San Marco, Fiesole, 344
Spanish arcades turned into, 343
Spanish Gothic, 308
Spanish Romanesque, 260
Close (Gloss.), The, 297
Cnossus, Architectural remains in, 89, 93
Palace, 96 _et seq._
Coffers (Gloss.), 168, 196, 368
Colleges:
Caius, Cambridge, 412
Clare, Cambridge, 412
Divinity College, Princeton, 462
Divinity Schools, Oxford, 295, 299
Emmanuel, Cambridge, 412
Escoriál, of the, 404
Girard, Philadelphia, 448
Gresham, 419
Jesus, Oxford, 412
Keble, Oxford, 452
King’s, Cambridge, 290, 295
Merton, Oxford, 412
Nevill Court, Cambridge, 412
Pembroke, Oxford, 412
S. Cruz, Valladolid, 399
S. John, Cambridge, 412
Scroll and Keys Hall, Yale, 462
Sidney Sussex, 412
Trinity, Cambridge, 412
Wadham, Oxford, 412
Cologne, 259, 302-4, 395
Colonnades (Gloss.):
Colonial, 432
Early Christian Churches, 194
Egyptian, 50
English Classical, 438
French Châteaux, 377, 380, 386
Hellenic, 116, 120, 122, 141
Minoan, 100, 101
Muhammedan, 221
Persian, 81
Roman, 170, 180, 181
S. George’s Hall, Liverpool, in, 438
S. Peter’s, Rome, in, 371
Spanish, 400, 403
Treasury Building, Washington, 446
Zeus, Temple of, 111
Colosseum, the, 159, 174-5, 342, 362
Colour as a motive:
Byzantine, in, 203
Egyptian, 33
Muhammedan, 227
Column, a basis of sky-scraper design, 474
Columns (Gloss.):
Anglo-Palladian, 424
Anglo-Saxon, 254
Assyrian, 70
Baluster columns, 406
Basilicas, in, 352
Bracket columns, 400
Byzantine, 202, 204, 208
Colonial, 430, 431, 432
Colosseum, in the, 174, 342
Colour in, 136
Doric, 118, 122, 123, 124, 125, 163
Early Christian Churches, in, 195-6, 197, 198, 199, 200
Egyptian, 42, 43, 44, 51, 52, 53
Erechtheion, in, 141, 165, 436
Gothic, 275-6, 295, 299, 314, 316, 343
Hellenic, 116, 117, 118, 119, 124, 125, 126, 137, 140, 141, 144
Ionic, 128
Median, 80
Minoan, 99, 101
Monumental, 158, 179, 348
Muhammedan, 221, 224, 226, 231
Norman, 255, 272
Pantheon, in, 442-3
Persian, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87
Renaissance, English, 365, 367, 368, 369
French, 380, 386, 388
Italian, 354, 365, 367, 368, 369
Spanish, 400
Rococo, 366
Roman, 135, 158, 169, 170, 179, 180
Romanesque, 241, 245, 249
Rudimentary, 15
S. Peter’s, Rome, in, 373
Composite Orders (Gloss.), 165
Concrete, use of:
Byzantine, 202
Reinforced, 473
Romans, by, 153, 154, 166, 172, 173, 175, 183
Constantine, 188, 189, 193, 209
Constantinople, 190
Ahmed, Mosque of, 228
Fountains, 228
Hagia-Sophia, 207-8
Holy Apostles, Church of, 209
Latin Kingdom, of, 264
Mediæval centre of learning, 266-7
Minarets in, 222
Muhammedan occupation, 215, 220
Suleiman, Mosque of, 228
S. Sergius’ Church, 200
SS. Sergius and Bacchus, 206
S. Sophia, 209
Turkish occupation, 325
Consoles (Gloss.), 345, 360, 423
Copernicus, 322
Corbels (Gloss.), 174, 205
Minarets, of, 222
Muhammedan domes, of, 222
Renaissance, in, 359, 378, 388, 392, 395, 396
Romanesque, 250, 258
Corinthian Order (Gloss.), 131
Byzantine use of, 204
Gothic use, 275-6, 310
Maison Carrée, 169, 175
Roman use of, 132, 158, 164-5
Romanesque use, 245
Cornices (Gloss.), 42
Asymmetries in, 68
Assyrian use, 68
Byzantine use, 202
Cavetto cornice, 47, 49
Colonial use, 430-1-2
Corinthian, 165
Doric, 126-7
Gothic use, 312
Minoan use, 99
Persian use, 84
Queen Anne, style, 424
Renaissance, 361, 363, 364, 370, 395
Roman use, 164
Romanesque use, 250, 257
Coro, 405
Corona, 127, 130
Corridors (Gloss.), 414, 416, 425, 426
Cortiles, _see_ Court (Gloss.)
Costa Rica, ruins in, 20
Courts:
Alhambra, of, 226-7
Amru, Mosque of, 223
Casa Lonja, 401
Chambord, Château de, 381
Cnossus, 96
Egyptian, 51, 55
Escoriál, Patio of, 404
Fountain Court, Hampton Court, 423
Ispahan, Great Mosque of, 229
Italian and French compared, 376
Louvre, of the, 383, 385
Miranda, Patio in House of, 400
Mosques, of, 217
Muhammedan Houses, of, 218
Palace of Caprarola, 348
Charles V, 402-3
Farnese, 363
Infantado, 400
Luxembourg, 386
Palazzo Vecchio, 358-60
Riccardi, 358-60
Whitehall, 418
Place du Carrousel, 383
Palais de Justice, Liège, 406
Roman Thermai, 176
S. John’s College, 412
S. Simon Stylites, 200
Sidney Sussex College, 412
Spanish Renaissance, 399
Suleiman, Mosque of, 228
Tiryns, at, 101-2
Zaporta, 400
Coves, 417
Craftwork, 7, 89, 91
Arts and Crafts Movement, 450, 458-9
Corinthian, 110
Etruscan, 155
Gilds of, 233, 235, 338
Muhammedan excellence in, 216, 217, 219
Renaissance, 357, 411
Cram, Ralph Adams, 453
Cresting, 414
Cromlechs (Gloss.), 13, 16
Cross and Ball on domes, 404, 422
Crusades, 264-6
Crypt (Gloss.), 246
Escoriál, in, 404
S. Miniato, Florence, 246
Worcester Cathedral, 257
Cuneiform, writing, 57, 61
Cupolas (Gloss.), of Château de Chambord, 381
Hôtel des Invalides, 388
S. Paul’s, 421
S. Peter’s, 349, 421
Curb, _see_ Hip.
Curvilinear Gothic, _see_ Decorated
Cusps (Gloss.), 290
Custodia, _see_ Tabernacles
Cuzco, Inca ruins in, 19
Cyma Recta-Reversa (Gloss.), 133
Cymatium (Gloss.), 127, 130
Cyprus, ruins in, 89.
Kingdom of, 264
D
Dado (Gloss.), 72
Damascus, 219
Dante, 324
Decastyle (Gloss.), 121
Decorated Style, 271, 275, 287, 290
Decorative Motives (Gloss.):
Acanthus, 132, 164-5, 275, 310
Anthemion, 132, 165, 203
Arabesques, 216, 227, 363, 380, 399
Armorial Bearings, as, 401
Ball Flower, 291
Bands and straps, 393, 413, 415
Bead and Spool, 130, 132
Caulicolæ, 165
Celtic, 18
Chevrons, 99, 124-125
Diaper, 291
Dog Tooth, 290
Egg and Dart, 132
Fleur de Lys, 291
Four Leaf Flower, 211
Grotesques, 165, 251, 406
Guilloche, 69, 129
Heart Leaf, 133
Lotus, 84, 87, 131
Mexican grotesque, 21
Monograms, as, 380
Portcullis, 291
Rosettes, 72, 102, 131, 155, 363
Scroll work, 415
Spirals, 165, 179
Stiff leaf-foliage, 291
Tudor Rose, 291
Volutes, 87, 129, 130, 131, 164
Delos, Arch at, 15
Dentils (Gloss.), 42, 130, 164
Department of Fine Arts, 442, 465
De Re Ædificatoria, 345
Dining rooms, 416, 426
Dionysos, 142-3;
Festival of, 107
Dionysos Theatre of, 143
Dipteral (Gloss.), 120
Dolmen (Gloss.), 13, 14, 17
Domes (Gloss.), 15
Alhambra, 227
Anglo-Classical, 425-7
Angoulême, Cathedral, 253
Assyrian, 70
Byzantine, 202
Capitol, Washington, 446-7
Escoriál, 404
Granada, Cathedral, 401
Hôtel des Invalides, 388, 420, 422
Indian, 220, 231
Madeleine, The, 443
Muhammedan, 217, 221
Palace of Charles V, 403
Panthéon, Paris, 388, 422, 442
Pantheon, Rome, 167, 171, 172, 207, 371, 372
Pazzi Chapel, S. Croce, 343
Pendentive, 204-6
Persian, 229
Pineapple, 222
Pisa, at, 247
Ravenna, at, 201
Renaissance, 197
Roman, 201
Romanesque, 244
Rudimentary, 15, 89
S. Andrea, Mantua, 367
S. Constanza, 198
S. George, Esrah, 200
S. Maria dei Miracoli, 353
S. Maria della Salute, 346
S. Mark’s, 209
S. Paul’s, 420-2
S. Peter’s, 343, 371-3, 421
S. Pietro in Montano, 346
S. Sophia, 207
S. Spirito, Florence, 343, 367
S. Stephen, Walbrook, 422
S. Vitale, 207
S. S. Sergius and Bacchus, 207
Salamanca Cathedral, 260
Semi-circular, 208
Toro Collegiate Church, 260
Turkish Mosques, 228
Villa Rotonda, 352
Domestic Architecture:
Apartment Houses, 471
Aston Hall, 412
Beehive Huts, 15, 46
Bickling Hall, 412
Biltmore, 462
Bramshill, 412
Breakers, The, 462
Burghley House, 412
Ca D’Oro, 315
Chevening House, 416-7, 419
Coleshill, 419
Craigie House, Cambridge, 431
Devonshire House, 426
Doge’s Palace, 315-6
Duke of Leinster’s House, 446
English Renaissance, 411-15
Haddon Hall, 412
Ham House, 412
Holkam Hall, 426
Holland House, 412, 414
Gothic, French, 286
German, 305-6
Italian, 315
Jacques Cœur, House of, 286
Keddleston Hall, 428
Kirby Hall, 412, 414, 415
Knoll House, 412
Layer Marney, Essex, 411
Longford, 412, 414
Longleat House, 411
Marble House, 462
Marlborough House, 423
Minoan Houses, 93
Mount Vernon, 432
Muhammedan Houses, 217
Musée Plantin-Moretus, 408
Old Charlecote House, 412
Pellershaus, 395-6
Penshurst, 412
Primitive Houses, 15
Raynham Hall, 419
Renaissance, 392
Roman, 180, 182, 472
Sherburn House, 431
Stoke Park, 419
Vanderbilt House, 462
Villa Madama, 347
White House, 446
Wilton House, 419
Wollaton House, 412
York House, 419
Doorways:
Anglo-Saxon, 254-5
Baptistry, Florence, 319
Ca d’Oro, 360
Colonial, 432
Doge’s Palace, 353
Gothic, 269, 275, 276
English, 290
French, 298
Italian, 311
Janus, 159
Muhammedan, 229
Norman, 255, 257
Palazzo Riccardi, 359
Vecchio, 359
Vendramini, 360
Palladian designs for, 370
Queen Anne, 424
Roman, 167
Romanesque, 245
Puerta de la Coroneria, 401
Renaissance, German, 393, 395
Spanish, 399, 400, 401
Taj Mahal, 231
Tiryns, at, 102
S. Andrea, Mantua, 368
S. Sophia, 210
S. Peter’s, 372
Dorians, The, 91, 105, 118
Doric Order (Gloss.), 87, 99, 118, 123-124
Corinth, temples at, 118
Etruscan use of, 155
Parthenon, in, 119
Phœbus Apollo, Temple of, 118
Propylæa, in, 141
Renaissance use of, 346, 349, 352, 389, 403-4
Roman use of, 164
Syracuse, Cathedral of, 193
Trajan’s Column, 179
Dormers (Gloss.) :
Antwerp, City hall, 406
Gothic, German, 306
Netherlandish, 307
Renaissance, French, 378, 381, 384
German, 392, 394, 396
Worms, Cathedral at, 258-9
Dörpfeld, discoveries by, 89, 100
Drama, Greek, 142-5, 175
Mediæval, 237-8
Renaissance, 330
Roman, 175
Drawbridge, 379
Drum of Dome (Gloss.), 206
Angoulême, at, 252
Florence, at, 342
Hôtel des Invalides, 388
Panthéon, Paris, 442
S. Andrea, 368
S. Maria della Salute, 356
S. Paul’s, 422
S. Peter’s, 371, 373
Dryden, 435
E
Early Christian Architecture, 193
Basilicas, 193-4, 197
Circular Plans, 197
Columns, 195
Influence in Arabia, 214
on Byzantine Architecture, 202
on Gothic, 276
S. Peter’s, 194
Syrian examples, 199, 200
Early Christian Civilisation, 187
Byzantium becomes capital, 157, 190
Carolingian Kings, 192
Constantine accepts Faith, 189
Council of Milan, 188
Power of the Patriarchs, 157, 188
Ravenna, 201
Rise of the Frankish tribes, 191
Early English (Gloss.), 257, 271, 290
Eaves (Gloss.), 424
Eclecticism (Gloss.), 466
École des Beaux Arts, _see_ Beaux Arts
Echinus (Gloss.), 125, 129, 164
Egyptian civilisation, 25 _et seq._
Agriculture, 31
Clothing, 32
Conquest by Assyria, 60
Construction of the Pyramids, 35
Decline, 37
Dynasties, 26
Geography, of, 28
Hebrew Exodus, 36
Hyksos Invasion, 35, 91
Recreations, 31
Religion, 32, 33
Schools, 32
Skill in engineering, 30
Theban Monarchy, 35, 91
Egyptian Architecture:
Abydos, Tomb at, 42, 53
Columns, Treatment of, 52-3
Deir-el-Bahri Temple-tomb, 44
Domestic architecture, 54-5
Elephantine, Temple at, 53
Isis, Temples of, 54
Karnak, Temple at, 44, 50
Luxor, 51, 53
Mastabas, 40-1, 42
Middle Empire, architecture, 42-3
Mycenæan remains in, 39
New Empire, 44
Obelisks, 43-4
Palaces, 54
Ptolemaic remains, 53
Pyramids, 34, 39, 40
Rosetta Stone, 27
Sphinx, the Great, 38-9
Avenues of, 48
Temples, 41
Temples, 8, 33-45, 46-54
Tombs, 33, 34, 41, 42, 45, 83
Towns, 54
Elevation, plans, 11, 255
Elgin, Lord, 436
Embankment, Thames, 418
Enamels (gloss.), 86, 218, 222
Encaustic (gloss.), 136
Engineering problems, 477
England, Architecture in:
Anglo-Classical, 410, 424-5
Anglo-Italian, 417
Anglo-Saxon, 254-5
Asymmetries, 279
Cathedrals, 288
Celtic Churches, 255
Classical revival, 435-9
Elizabethan architecture, 412
Exteriors, Gothic, 297-8
Free-classical movement, 460
Gothic, 271-287
Gothic Revival, 448
Inigo Jones, 418
Interiors, 415
Jacobean architecture, 413
Mansions, 412
Morris, William, influence of, 458
Orders, use of, 415
Ornament, 290
Queen Anne Style, 424
Roofs, 296, 414
S. Paul’s, 420-3
Stained Glass, 291-3
Stonehenge, 16
Vaulting, 293
Vistas, in Gothic, 273-4
Whitehall, 418
Wren, Christopher, 419
Entablature (Gloss.), 8
Basilicas, in, 178
Broken, 179, 180
Corinthian, 131
Doric, 126
Early Christian, 195-7
Gothic, contrasted, with, 277
Hellenic, 116
Ionic, 130
Michelangelo, use by, 364
Renaissance, 367, 370
Renaissance, French, 381
German, 394-6
Netherlands, 407
Spain, 402
Roman, 164, 170, 198
Rudimentary, 15
S. Paul’s, in, 420
Whitehall, in, 418
Entasis, (Gloss.), 43
Caryatid in Erechtheion, 141
Hellenic columns, in, 124-5
Ionic use, 129
Overlooked, 138
Epinaos, _see_ vestibule (Gloss.)
Erechtheion the, 121, 129, 141, 165
Escoriál, the 82, 180, 403-5
Etruscans, 154
Arch, use of, 156
Arts and civilisation, 155
Burial urns, 155
Dwellings, 155
Temples, 156
Evans, Dr. A. J., discoveries by, 89, 90
Exhedras (Gloss.), 176
F
Façades (Gloss.), 11
Bank of England, 438
Caprarola Palace, 348
Certosa, 313
City Hall, Antwerp, 407
Bremen, 395
Haarlem, 409
Darius Tomb, 83
Doge’s Palace, 315
Escoriál, the, 403
French Châteaux, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 383-4
Garden Façade, Hampton Court, 423
Gothic Cathedrals, 277, 282, 286, 297, 298, 307-8
Gothic, Italian, 311
Greek, on modern buildings, 436
Greenwich Hospital, 419
Lombard, 258
Louvre, of the, 383-6
Museum, British, 438
Palace of Charles V, 402
Panthéon, Paris, 442
Pesaro Palace, 366
Pisa, Cathedral, 247
Renaissance, English, 414, 415
German, 392-4
Netherlands, 406-9
Spanish, 399, 400, 402
S. Andrea, Mantua, 368
S. Jacopo Sansovino, 354-5, 365
S. Lorenzo, in Miranda, 347
S. Maria Novella, 345
S. Paul’s, 421
S. Peter’s, 371-2
Sky-scrapers, 474-5
Steel construction, in, 472
Taj Mahal, 231
Versailles, 387
Washington, Capitol at, 446
Wren’s Churches, 423
Faience, 96
Fascia (Gloss.), 130
Ferrero, Dr., quoted, 152
Fetiches, 13, 92, 96, 98, 214
Feudal System, 233-4
England, in, 410
France, in, 331
Germany, in, 302
Overthrown, 322
Fillet (Gloss.):
Doric entablature, in, 126
Ionic entablature, in, 129, 130
Roman use, 164
Fine Arts, The, 3, 337, 346
Finials, _see_ pinnacles (Gloss.)
Fireplaces, English Renaissance, 416
French Châteaux, 382
Mediæval Castles, 299, 416
First Pointed, _see_ Early English
Fitness, considerations of (Gloss.), 12, 87, 128
Flagstaffs, 176
Flamboyant (Gloss.), 271, 275, 282, 285, 287, 290
Fletcher, Professor Banister, 170, 367
Floors, Byzantine, 203
Chaldæan, 72
Early Mediæval, 196
Roman, 181, 182
Florence, Architecture of the Renaissance, 342-345
Baptistry, 197, 319
Campanile, 312
Cathedral, 311, 342-3
Laurentian Library, 349
Library of S. Giorgio, 344
Loggia dei Lanzi, 315
S. Paolo, 344
New Sacristry, 346
Ospedale degli Innocente, 344
Palazzo Guardagni, 345
Riccardi, 344, 358-61
Strozzi, 345
Vecchio, 315, 342, 358-60
Pazzi Chapel, 343
S. Croce, Church of, 311
S. Lorenzo, Church of, 343
S. Miniato, Church of, 246
S. Spirito, Church of, 343, 367-8
University, 325
Fluting (Gloss.), on Hellenic columns, 135
Norman, 256
Roman, 164
Fontainebleau, 332
Fortifications, 348, 355, 359, 379
Forum (pl. Fora), 157, 170
Fountains:
Hildesheim, 397
Mainz, 397
Mosques, in, 217
Nuremburg, 397
Persian, 86
Renaissance, 327
German, 396
Rothenburg, 397
Taj Mahal, 231
Temple of Diana, Nîmes, 170
Tubingen, 396
Ulm, 397
Versailles, 387
Free Masonry, 235
French Civilisation after Charlemagne, 232
Francis I, 375
Louis XIV, 389
Napoleon, 442
Renaissance, 327
Revolution, 441
Second Empire, 444
French Architecture:
Châteaux, 377-382
Classic Period, 440-4
Gallic Spirit, 332-3
Gothic, 273, 281-9
Asymmetries in, 278
Influence on other countries, 306, 308, 310, 313
Sculpture, 276
Gothic Revival, 451
Influence on modern architecture, 461-5
Louvre, The, 382-6
Renaissance, 331, 349, 375, _et seq._
Renaissance influence on other countries, 413, 445
Rib Vaulting, 243
Rococo, 338, 375
Romanesque, 170, 232, 240, 252-4
Roman remains, in, 132, 169, 241
School of Tours, 376-7
Theatre of Orange, 176
Versailles, 387
Frescoes (_see_ Gloss.)
Cnossus, at, 123
Cretan Palace, in, 96
Gothic, German, 306
Gothic, Italian, 311
Sistine Chapel, 374
Villa Farnesina, 347, 374
Frieze (Gloss.), Asymmetries in, 137
Corinthian, 165
Doric entablature, of, 126
Ionic entablature, of, 130
Library of S. Mark’s, 365
Maison Carrée, Nîmes, 170
Parthenon, of the, 137
Roman use of, 164
Tiryns, at, 102
Xerxes Palace, of, 86
Furniture, Adam, 429, 432
Chippendale, 428
Empire, 442
English Renaissance, in, 413, 415, 417
Imitative influence in, 467-8
Sheraton, 432
G
Gables (Gloss.)
Colonial, 431
Doric Temples, 121, 127, _see_ Pediments
Early Christian architecture, 196
Egypt, in, 40
Gothic, 275
German, 306
Italian, 307, 312
Minoan, 99, 130
Persian, 81
Primitive, 20
Queen Anne, 424
Renaissance, English, 415
German, 392, 394, 395, 396
Netherlands, 407, 408, 409
Romanesque, 251, 257, 258
Stepped Gables, 306
Gaines (Gloss.), 392, 394, 396
Galgal (Gloss.), 13, 14
Galilee (Gloss.), 256
Galleries:
Byzantine, 208
Fontainebleau, 382
Glyptothek, 440
Louvre, 383
Mediæval, 237
National, The, 438
Palazzo Vecchio, 259
Pinacothek, 440
Renaissance, English, 416-7
Romanesque, 244
Whispering, 420
Gallic spirit, 332, 379, 384-5, 389
Gambrel (Gloss.), 431
Gardens, with architecture:
Blenheim Palace, 424
Castle Howard, 425
Hanging, 20, 62
Kew, 428
Luxembourg, 386-7
Renaissance, English, 412, 415
French, 378
Italian, 374
Taj Mahal, 231
Tampu Tocco, 19
Thames Embankment, 418-9
Versailles, 387
Villa of Hadrian, 180
Washington, 445-6
Gateways:
Ahmedabad, 229
Akbar, 230
Blenheim, 426
Brandenburg Gate, Berlin, 440
Caius College, Gate of Honour, 412
Châteaux, 377-8
Darius’s Palace, 85
Diocletian’s Palace, 180
Etruscan, at Volterra, 156
Janus, of, 159
Lion Gateway, Mycenæ, 88, 98
Mecca, Mosque, of, 220
Propylæa, 121, 131, 141
Propylæa, Munich, 440
Renaissance, English, 414
Sargon’s Castle, 68
Schools, Oxford, gateway of, 412
Tiryns, at, 101
Water Gate, 418
Genoa, palaces:
Balbi, 356
Brignole, 356
Doria-Tursi, 356
Durazzo, 356
Pallavacini, 356
German Architecture:
Brick, use of, 305
Classical Revival, 439
Gables, 306
Gothic, 301-306
Cathedrals, 302-305
Secular Buildings, 305-6
Handicrafts, skill in, 304
Influence on Belgium Gothic, 306
Italian Gothic, 310, 313
Spanish, 308
Ornament, 251
Renaissance, 391-7
City Halls, 395
Domestic, 395
Romanesque, 232, 245, 301
Roofs, 305-6
Universities, 328
Winckelmann’s influence, 436, 439
German Civilisation, 188, 232, 239
After Charlemagne, 239
Renaissance, 327
Rise of the cities, 235, 301
Struggle of Protestants, 391
Gesso work (Gloss.), 97
Gildhouses, 306
Antwerp, 408
Brussels, 408
Ghent, 307
Louvain, 307
Malines, 406
Mechlin, 307
Ypres, 307
Gilds, trades, 233, 235, 278, 342, 406
Giotto, 319
Bas-reliefs, by, 312
Campanile designed by, 312
Frescoes by, 311
Paintings by, 340
Giovannoni, Professor, Asymmetries discovered by, 139
Gizeh, Sphinx at, 38
Temple at, 41
Wall paintings at, 48
Goethe, 439
Goodyear, Professor William H., Discoveries of asymmetries, 131, 137, 139, 247-8, 278-9
“Grammar of the Lotus,” 131
Gothic Architecture (Gloss.), 49, 263, _et seq._
Arches, 272, 290, 312
Asymmetries in, 139, 278-80
Buttresses, use of, 166, 272-3
Cathedrals, 269, 277, 279, 281-2, 284-5, 288, 289
Compared with Classic, 276
Cnossus, 96
Hellenic, 118
Persian, 85
Renaissance, 328, 364
Decay of, 364
Decorated Period, 271, 287, 291
Early English Period, 271
Flamboyant Period, 271
France, in, 281-287
Periods in, 285
Secular buildings, 286
Germany, in, 301
Use of brick in, 305
Great Britain, 287-301
Exteriors in, 297
Interiors in, 298
Ornament in, 290
Periods, 287
Italy, in, 310-316
Motives in architecture, 277
Netherlands, in, 306-7
Periods, 270-1, 285, 287
Perpendicular, or Tudor, 275, 287, 295, 410, 450
Rayonnant, 271, 282, 285-7
Revival of, 439, 452-3
Sculpture, 276
Spanish, 308, 398
Thrusts and counter-thrusts, 272-3
Transition period, 310, 346, 358
Vaulting, 284-5, 293-6, 310
West Fronts, 282
Windows, 274-5
Wooden roofs, 296
“Gothic Quest,” R. A. Cram, 366, 453
Government Buildings:
Capitol, Washington, 445-6
Custom House Boston, 448
Custom House, N. Y. C., 448
Doge’s Palace, 315
Horse Guards, London, 426
Houses of Parliament, 450
Law Courts, Manchester, 452
Mint, Philadelphia, 448
New Law Courts, London, 451
Pantheon, Paris, 388
Parliament House, Budapesth, 451
Parliament House, Vienna, 440
State Capitol, Conn., 452
Sub-Treasury, 448
Treasury, Washington, 446
White House, the, 445-6
Greece, Mycenæan art in, 88, 89.
_See_ Hellenes.
Greek-Asiatic, 82, 84, 89
Griego-Romano, 405
Grille (Gloss.), Turkish, 228
Grotefind, George Frederick, discoveries by, 57
Grotesque:
Mexican primitive, 21
Ornament, in, 165, 251, 255
Palais de Justice, Liège, in, 406
Style, 405
Guelphs and Ghibellines, 323
Guttae (Gloss.), 127
H
Hadrian, builder of Pantheon, 171
Villa of, 180
Half-timbered (Gloss.), 412
Halls:
Central Hall, Houses of Parliament, 451
Châteaux, in, 378, 381, 382
Darius’s Palace, in, 85
Egyptian Temples, of, 34
German Knights, Hall of the Order of, 305
Hall Church, 304
Hundred Columns, Hall of a, 85
Hypostyle Hall, 49, 51
Karnak, at, 51
Median Palaces, of, 80
Mediæval Castles, of, 300, 378, 416
Middle Temple, of, 297
National Hall of Statuary, Washington, 447
Renaissance Palaces, in, 416
S. George’s, Liverpool, 438
Westminster, 297, 451
Whitehall, 418
Hamlin, Professor, quoted, 206, 282
Hanseatic League, 301, 407
Harmony, Principle of (Gloss.), 11, 134
Haroun-el-Raschid, 215
Haussman, Baron, 444
Hawkins, Admiral, 336
Height, in design, 474
Hellenic Architecture, 116-146
Asymmetries, 136-140
Beauty, feeling for, 112
Corinthian order, 131-2
Dionysian Festival, the, 107
Doric order, the 118, 126-7
Entablature, the, 126-7
Influence on Beaux Arts training, 463-5
Influence on Etruscans, 155
Influence on Germany, 439-40
Ionic Order, the, 128-30
Olympian Festival, 110
Orders, the, 116-7, 123, 131
Ornament, 132-4
Parthenon, the, 119, 137-8, 140
Projections, 133
Propylæa, 141
Temples, 116-124
Hellenic Civilisation, 105
Conflict with Persians, 76
Dorian supremacy, 106
Origin of, 105
Peloponnesian Wars, 109
Persian invasion, 108
Supplant Cretans, 91-2
The Great Age, 107
Hemong, the bell-founder, 408
“Heptameron, The,” 375
Herodes Atticus, 145
Hexastyle (Gloss.), 121
Hieroglyphic writings, 27, 90
Hip roof (Gloss.), 385, 432
“History of Art,” Winckelmann, 436-439
Hogarth’s Line of Beauty, 133, 380
Holland:
City Halls in,
Alkmaar, 409
Bolsward, 409
Delft, 409
Dordrecht, 409
Enkhuisen, 409
Hague, 409
Hoorn, 409
Kampen, 409
Leuwarden, 409
Leyden, 409
Waaghuisen, 409
Zwolle, 409
Renaissance, 409
Influence on English Renaissance, 424
Homer, 91, 107
Hospitals:
Chartres, 286
Gothic, 286, 299
Greenwich, 419
Ospedale degli Innocente, 344
Santa Cruz, Toledo, 399
Humanism, 320, 331, 334
Hut construction, 36
Hypœthral (Gloss.), 122
Hypostyle Halls (Gloss.), 49, 51, 54, 80, 85
I
Ideograph writing, ideograms, 57
Île de France, 271-2, 310
Impluvium (Gloss.), 181
Impost Block (Gloss.), 201-204
In Antis (Gloss.), 82, 83, 120
Incas, structures of the, 19
India, 229
Agra, 230
Ahmedabad, 229
Akbar, Mosque of, 230
Mahmud, Tomb of, 230
Indians, North American, 18
Insula, pl. Insulæ (Gloss.), 180, 182
Intercolumniation (Gloss.):
Dorian, 118, 125
Early Christian use, 195
Egyptian use, 86
Gothic use, 298
Hellenic, 134
Ionic, 129
Persian, 86
Interior, Designs of, 455
Houses of Parliament, 451
Office Buildings, 471
Ionic Islands, 89
Culture, 109
Luxury, 110, 128
Migrations, 105
Ionic Order (Gloss.), 128-30
Egypt, in, 128
Lycia, columns in, 99
Myra, columns in, 99
Parthenon, in, 140
Persian use of, 140
Renaissance, in, 349, 352, 389, 402-3
Roman use, 164, 165, 174
Romanesque, 245
Washington, 446
Iran, _see_ Persian
Ironwork Gothic in Germany, 305
Italian Architecture:
Gesso work in, 97
Gothic in, 271, 312
Hellenic remains in, 89
Influence on England, 335
Ecclesiastical buildings, 366-74
Florentine, 342, 345, 358-60
France, 331, 376, 380
Germany, 327
Lombardy, 251, 258
Netherlands, 333
Renaissance, in, 323-337, 338-374
Roman, 346-352, 363-5
Spain, 329
Venetian, 352-356, 360-3, 365
Roman, _see_ Rome.
Romanesque, 241, 313-315
Central Italy, 246-9
Northern Italy, 249-52
Southern Italy, 249
Italian Civilisation:
Byzantine, in, 194, 196-7, 209-10
Classic Influence, 340
Conflict with German Empire, 239
Counter Reformation, 329
Decline of culture, 331
Etruscan, 154
Power of the Dukes, 323-4
Renaissance, 323, 338
Rise of power of the Church, 189
Sack of Rome, 327
The Roman Empire, 147-157
J
Jambs (Gloss.), 245, 254, 283
Jars, clay, 93, 97
Jerusalem, 79, 223
Julius II, 346, 349, 367
Julius III, 348
K
Ka, 32, 33, 41
Kaaba, the (Gloss.), 214, 217, 221
Kahun, ruins at, 55
Karnak, 44, 50, 85, 86, 281
Keep, the Donjon, 378, 381
Keystones (Gloss.), 295
Khorsabad, 72, 131
Kibleh, the, 217
King-post, the (Gloss.), 296
Kitchens,
Assyrian Palace, 73
Blenheim, at, 426
Châteaux, 377
Colonial, 432
English Mansions, 416
Koyunjik, bas-reliefs at, 71, 204
library, 61
mounds, 59
L
Labyrinth, at Cnossus, 93
Lake Dwellings, 13
Lancet windows (Gloss.), 274, 287, 290
Landscape design, 466
Lanterns (Gloss.):
Burgos, Cathedral, 401
Certosa, The, 313
Château de Chambord, in, 381
Church of the Apostles, Cologne, 259
Escoriál, The, 404
Florence Cathedral, 343
Gothic, Spanish, 309
Renaissance, French, 378
Romanesque, 258
S. Mark’s, 210
S. Paul’s, 422
S. Peter’s 371-2
Santiago de Compostello, 260
Tomb of Galla Placidia, 201
Worms Cathedral, 258
“Laokoon” by Lessing, 439
Lassen, Christian, discoveries in cuneiform script, 57
Late Pointed Gothic, _see_ Perpendicular
Later Plantagenet, _see_ Decorated
Leading, in windows, 275