Series I. =Microspermæ.= At least the inner series of the perianth
petaloid. Ovary inferior, unilocular, with 3 parietal placentæ, or
rarely 3-locular, with axile placentation. Seeds minute, numerous,
without endosperm.
Order 167. Hydrocharideæ.
„ 168. Burmanniaceæ.
„ 169. Orchideæ.
Series II. =Epigynæ.= At least the inner series of the perianth
petaloid. Ovary most often inferior. Endosperm copious.
Order 170. Scitamineæ.
„ 171. Bromeliaceæ.
„ 172. Hæmodoraceæ.
„ 173. Irideæ.
„ 174. Amaryllideæ.
„ 175. Taccaceæ.
„ 176. Dioscoreaceæ.
Series III. =Coronarieæ.= At least the inner series of perianth
petaloid. Ovary free, very rarely slightly adnate at the base.
Endosperm copious.
Order 177. Roxburghiaceæ.
„ 178. Liliaceæ.
„ 179. Pontederiaceæ.
„ 180. Philydraceæ.
„ 181. Xyrideæ.
„ 182. Mayaceæ.
„ 183. Commelinaceæ.
„ 184. Rapateaceæ.
Series IV. =Calycinæ.= Perianth sepaloid, small, rigid, or herbaceous
(inner series subpetaloid or small). Ovary free. Endosperm copious.
Order 185. Flagellarieæ.
„ 186. Juncaceæ.
„ 187. Palmæ.
Series V. =Nudifloræ.= Perianth absent, or reduced to hairs or scales.
Ovary superior, carpel solitary, or if many, syncarpous, 1–∞-ovuled.
Endosperm most frequently present.
Order 188. Pandaneæ.
„ 189. Cyclanthaceæ.
„ 190. Typhaceæ.
„ 191. Aroideæ.
„ 192. Lemnaceæ.
Series VI. =Apocarpæ.= Perianth 1–2-seriate, or absent. Carpels
superior, solitary, or if more, apocarpous. Endosperm absent.
Order 193. Triurideæ.
„ 194. Alismaceæ.
„ 195. Naiadaceæ.
Series VII. =Glumaceæ.= Flowers solitary, sessile in the axils of
bracts and arranged in capitula or spikelets with bracts. Segments of
perianth small, scale-like, glumaceous or absent. Ovary 1-ovuled, or
divided into 1-ovuled loculi. Endosperm present.
Order 196. Eriocauleæ.
„ 197. Centrolepideæ.
„ 198. Restiaceæ.
„ 199. Cyperaceæ.
„ 200. Gramineæ.
Classification of the Thallophytes proposed by SACHS (_Text-Book of
Botany_, English Edition, 1882).